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Sun W, Huang A, Wen S, Kong Q, Liu X. Investigation into temporal changes in the human bloodstain lipidome. Int J Legal Med 2024:10.1007/s00414-024-03330-z. [PMID: 39249528 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-024-03330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Bloodstains are crucial pieces of physical evidences found at violent crime scenes, providing valuable information for reconstructing forensic cases. However, there is limited data on how bloodstain lipidomes change over time after deposition. Hence, we deployed a high-throughput high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) approach to construct lipidomic atlases of bloodstains, whole blood, plasma, and blood cells from 15 healthy adults. A time-course analysis was also performed on bloodstains deposited for up to 6 months at room temperature (~ 25°C). The molecular levels of 60 out of 400 detected lipid species differed dramatically between bloodstain and whole blood samples, with major disturbances observed in membrane glycerophospholipids. More than half of these lipids were prevalent in the cellular and plasmic fractions; approximately 27% and 10% of the identified lipids were uniquely derived from blood cells and plasma, respectively. Furthermore, a subset of 65 temporally dynamic lipid species arose across the 6-month room-temperature deposition period, with decreased triacylglycerols (TAGs) and increased lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) as representatives, accounting for approximately 8% of the total investigated lipids. The instability of lipids increased linearly with time, with the most variability observed in the first 10 days. This study sheds light on the impact of air-drying bloodstains on blood components at room temperature and provides a list of potential bloodstain lipid markers for determining the age of bloodstains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifen Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
- Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shubo Wen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
- Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qianqian Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Xiling Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, 200063, China.
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Starodubtseva N, Chagovets V, Tokareva A, Dumanovskaya M, Kukaev E, Novoselova A, Frankevich V, Pavlovich SV, Sukhikh G. Diagnostic Value of Menstrual Blood Lipidomics in Endometriosis: A Pilot Study. Biomolecules 2024; 14:899. [PMID: 39199287 PMCID: PMC11351896 DOI: 10.3390/biom14080899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a considerable delay between initial symptoms and diagnosis through surgery. The pressing need for a timely, non-invasive diagnostic solution underscores the focus of current research efforts. This study examines the diagnostic potential of the menstrual blood lipidome. The lipid profile of 39 samples (23 women with endometriosis and 16 patients in a control group) was acquired using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with LipidMatch processing and identification. Profiles were normalized based on total ion counts. Significant differences in lipids were determined using the Mann-Whitney test. Lipids for the diagnostic model, based on logistic regression, were selected using a combination of variance importance projection filters and Akaike information criteria. Levels of ceramides, sphingomyelins, cardiolipins, triacylglycerols, acyl- and alkenyl-phosphatidylethanolamines, and alkenyl-phosphatidylcholines increased, while acyl- and alkyl-phosphatidylcholines decreased in cases of endometriosis. Plasmenylphosphatidylethanolamine PE P-16:0/18:1 and cardiolipin CL 16:0_18:0_22:5_22:6 serve as marker lipids in the diagnostic model, exhibiting a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 85%. The diagnostic approach based on dried spots of menstrual blood holds promise as an alternative to traditional non-invasive methods for endometriosis screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Starodubtseva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, 123592 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy Chagovets
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Alisa Tokareva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Madina Dumanovskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Eugenii Kukaev
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
- V.L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Russia Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Novoselova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Vladimir Frankevich
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Stanislav V. Pavlovich
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology, Institute of Professional Education, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.T.); (M.D.); (E.K.); (A.N.); (V.F.); (S.V.P.); (G.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology, Institute of Professional Education, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Olthof A, Hillebrand JJ, Wickenhagen WV, Boelen A, Heijboer AC. Stability of steroid hormones in dried blood spots (DBS). Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2024-0142. [PMID: 38874994 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Steroid hormone levels of patients may be monitored via dried blood spot (DBS) sampling at home. Stability of steroid hormones in DBS samples, however, needs to be established. METHODS DBS samples from healthy volunteers were collected and stored at various temperatures. Steroid hormone concentrations in DBS were measured directly, at day 2, day 7 and day 14 following storage at 37 °C and after 7 days, 14 days, 3 months and 6 months following storage at -20 °C, 4 °C and room temperature (RT). Cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, testosterone, androstenedione, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were assessed using LC-MS/MS. RESULTS All steroids were stable (±15 %) up to 14 days when stored at 37 °C, except for cortisone (only stable until 2 days). All steroids were stable up to 6 months when stored at -20 °C, 4 °C and RT. However, there were some exceptions, for androstenedione at RT (only stable until 7 days), for 17-OHP when stored at -20 °C (only stable until 3 months), for cortisone at RT and 4 °C (only stable until 14 days), and cortisol at RT (only stable until 3 months). CONCLUSIONS Overall, we demonstrated stability of steroid hormone concentrations in DBS under various conditions which may be encountered during shipping to the diagnostic laboratory and during long-term storage before analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Olthof
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacquelien J Hillebrand
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wjera V Wickenhagen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Boelen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Mazzarino M, Al-Mohammed H, Al-Darwish SK, Salama S, Al-Kaabi A, Samsam W, Kraiem S, Botré F, Beotra A, Mohamed-Ali V, Al-Maadheed M. Liquid vs dried blood matrices: Application to longitudinal monitoring of androstenedione, testosterone, and IGF-1 by LC-MS-based techniques. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116007. [PMID: 38367516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dried blood spots have recently been approved by the World Anti-Doping Agency as an alternative biological matrix for testing of doping substances. However, their use is limited to the detection of non-threshold compounds without a Minimum Reporting Level due to the numerous issues related to quantitative analyses and the limitation on testing capabilities of a haemolysed matrix. AIM In this study androstenedione, testosterone and IGF-1 were longitudinally monitored in four different blood matrices to evaluate the potential of liquid capillary blood as an alternative matrix for quantitative determination in doping control analysis. METHODOLOGY The analytical protocols developed to pretreat 20 μL of the blood matrices selected were based: i) for testosterone and androstenedione, on supported liquid extraction for liquid blood matrices, and on ultrasonication in the presence of methanol for dried blood matrices; ii) for IGF-1, proteins precipitation followed by evaporation of the supernatant was used to pretreat both liquid and dried blood matrices. The detection for all the target analytes was performed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The analytical workflows, once optimized, were fully validated according to the requirements of World Anti-Doping Agency and ISO 17025 standard and used for the analysis of venous (serum) and capillary (liquid plasma and dried whole blood collected using either volumetric or non-volumetric devices) blood samples collected from 7 healthy subjects. RESULTS The validation results showed satisfactory performance as related to specificity, sensitivity, matrix effects, linearity, accuracy, and precision in all the blood matrices evaluated despite the limited volume of sample used. The analysis of the different blood matrices collected from the subjects showed non-significant differences between the levels of testosterone and androstenedione measured in dried (fixed volume collected) and liquid matrices. An acceptable underestimation (lower than 15 %) was observed in capillary plasma compared to venous serum. The testosterone/androstenedione ratio was similar in all the blood matrices considered (bias lower than 5 %), indicating this parameter was not affected by either the blood matrix or collection device selected. For IGF-1, the levels measured in liquid blood matrices differed significantly (bias higher than 20 %) from those measured in dried whole blood matrices, suggesting haemolyzed blood might represent a challenge for the determination of macromolecules, mainly due to the complexity of the whole blood matrix in comparison to plasma/serum. NOVELTY The outcomes of our study suggest that liquid capillary blood might open new avenues to blood microsampling in doping control field. It represents an efficient alternative to overcome the issues related to venous blood and dried blood spot sampling. Furthermore, it also allows greater frequency of blood sampling, with minor discomfort and without needing a phlebotomist, for analyses that can only be performed in blood samples, with an increased probability to detect and report Adverse Analytical Finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mazzarino
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hana Al-Mohammed
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Sofia Salama
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar
| | - AlAnoud Al-Kaabi
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar
| | - Waseem Samsam
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suhail Kraiem
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar
| | - Francesco Botré
- Laboratorio Antidoping, Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana, Largo Giulio Onesti 1, 00197, Italy; REDs - Research and Expertise on Doping in Sport, ISSUL - Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Synathlon - Quartier Centre, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alka Beotra
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vidya Mohamed-Ali
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar; Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Road, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Mohammed Al-Maadheed
- Anti-Doping Laboratory Qatar, Aspire Zone 54, Street 665, Doha, Qatar; Center of Metabolism and Inflammation, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Road, London NW3 2PF, UK.
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5
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Petrick LM, Niedzwiecki MM, Dolios G, Guan H, Tu P, Wright RO, Wright RJ. Effects of storage temperature and time on metabolite profiles measured in dried blood spots, dried blood microsamplers, and plasma. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169383. [PMID: 38101622 PMCID: PMC10842436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The practical advantages of capillary whole blood collection over venipuncture plasma collection for human exposome research are well known. However, before epidemiologists, clinicians, and public health researchers employ these microvolume sample collections, a rigorous evaluation of pre-analytical storage conditions is needed to develop protocols that maximize sample stability and reliability over time. Therefore, we performed a controlled experiment of dried whole blood collected on 10 μL Mitra microsamplers (DBM), 5-mm punches of whole blood from a dried blood spot (DBS), and 10 μL of plasma, and evaluated the effects of storage conditions at 4 °C, -20 °C, or -80 °C for up to 6 months on the resulting metabolite profiles measured with untargeted liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). At -80 °C storage conditions, metabolite profiles from DBS, DBM, and plasma showed similar stability. While DBS and DBM metabolite profiles remained similarly stable at -20 °C storage, plasma profiles showed decreased stability at -20 °C compared to -80 °C storage. At refrigerated temperatures (4 °C), metabolite profiles collected on DBM were more stable than plasma or DBS, particularly for lipid classes. These results inform robust capillary blood sample storage protocols for DBM and DBS at potentially warmer temperatures than -80 °C, which may facilitate blood collections for populations outside of a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Petrick
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Institute for Exposomics Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Bert Strassburger Metabolic Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
| | - Megan M Niedzwiecki
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Institute for Exposomics Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Georgia Dolios
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Haibin Guan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peijun Tu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Institute for Exposomics Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Institute for Exposomics Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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6
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Chiu HH, Lin SY, Zhang CG, Tsai CC, Tang SC, Kuo CH. A comparative study of plasma and dried blood spot metabolomics and its application to diabetes mellitus. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117655. [PMID: 37977234 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics has become a promising method for understanding pathological mechanisms. Plasma (PLS) is the most common sample type used for metabolomics studies, and dried blood spot (DBS) sampling has been regarded as a good strategy due to its unique characteristics. However, how results obtained from DBS can be correlated to results obtained from PLS remains unclear. To bridge the results and to investigate the feasibility of using DBS to study metabolomics, we performed a comparative study using 64 paired PLS and DBS samples. The number of features extracted from the two different sample types was investigated. The concentration correlations of the identified metabolites between the DBS and PLS were individually studied. Approximately 47 % showed a strong correlation, 19 % showed a moderate correlation, and 34 % showed a low or even negligible correlation. Finally, we applied both PLS- and DBS-based metabolomics to explore the dysregulated metabolites in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Thirty-two non-DM subjects and 32 DM patients were enrolled, and 2 significant metabolites were found in both PLS and DBS samples. In summary, detailed correlation information between PLS and DBS metabolites was first explored in this study, and it is anticipated that these results could facilitate future applications in DBS-based metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Hsuan Chiu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Guang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Ching Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chun Tang
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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7
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He D, Yan Q, Uppal K, Walker DI, Jones DP, Ritz B, Heck JE. Metabolite Stability in Archived Neonatal Dried Blood Spots Used for Epidemiologic Research. Am J Epidemiol 2023; 192:1720-1730. [PMID: 37218607 PMCID: PMC11004922 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies of low-frequency exposures or outcomes using metabolomics analyses of neonatal dried blood spots (DBS) often require assembly of samples with substantial differences in duration of storage. Independent assessment of stability of metabolites in archived DBS will enable improved design and interpretation of epidemiologic research utilizing DBS. Neonatal DBS routinely collected and stored as part of the California Genetic Disease Screening Program between 1983 and 2011 were used. The study population included 899 children without cancer before age 6 years, born in California. High-resolution metabolomics with liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry was performed, and the relative ion intensities of common metabolites and selected xenobiotic metabolites of nicotine (cotinine and hydroxycotinine) were evaluated. In total, we detected 26,235 mass spectral features across 2 separate chromatography methods (C18 hydrophobic reversed-phase chromatography and hydrophilic-interaction liquid chromatography). For most of the 39 metabolites related to nutrition and health status, we found no statistically significant annual trends across the years of storage. Nicotine metabolites were captured in the DBS with relatively stable intensities. This study supports the usefulness of DBS stored long-term for epidemiologic studies of the metabolome. -Omics-based information gained from DBS may also provide a valuable tool for assessing prenatal environmental exposures in child health research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia E Heck
- Correspondence to Dr. Julia E. Heck, College of Health and Public Service, UNT 1155 Union Circle #311340, Denton, TX 76203-5017 (e-mail: )
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Dijkstra AM, de Blaauw P, van Rijt WJ, Renting H, Maatman RGHJ, van Spronsen FJ, Maase RE, Schielen PCJI, Derks TGJ, Heiner-Fokkema MR. Important Lessons on Long-Term Stability of Amino Acids in Stored Dried Blood Spots. Int J Neonatal Screen 2023; 9:34. [PMID: 37489487 PMCID: PMC10366855 DOI: 10.3390/ijns9030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Residual heel prick Dried Blood Spots (DBS) are valuable samples for retrospective investigation of inborn metabolic diseases (IMD) and biomarker analyses. Because many metabolites suffer time-dependent decay, we investigated the five-year stability of amino acids (AA) in residual heel prick DBS. In 2019/2020, we analyzed 23 AAs in 2170 residual heel prick DBS from the Dutch neonatal screening program, stored from 2013-2017 (one year at +4 °C and four years at room temperature), using liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry. Stability was assessed by AA changes over the five years. Hydroxyproline could not be measured accurately and was not further assessed. Concentrations of 19 out of the remaining 22 AAs degraded significantly, ranked from most to least stable: aspartate, isoleucine, proline, valine, leucine, tyrosine, alanine, phenylalanine, threonine, citrulline, glutamate, serine, ornithine, glycine, asparagine, lysine, taurine, tryptophan and glutamine. Arginine, histidine and methionine concentrations were below the limit of detection and were likely to have been degraded within the first year of storage. AAs in residual heel prick DBS stored at room temperature are subject to substantial degradation, which may cause incorrect interpretation of test results for retrospective biomarker studies and IMD diagnostics. Therefore, retrospective analysis of heel prick blood should be done in comparison to similarly stored heel prick blood from controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allysa M Dijkstra
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim de Blaauw
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willemijn J van Rijt
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Renting
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald G H J Maatman
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francjan J van Spronsen
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rose E Maase
- Centre for Health Protection, Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C J I Schielen
- Centre for Population Screening, Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Terry G J Derks
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ottosson F, Russo F, Abrahamsson A, MacSween N, Courraud J, Nielsen ZK, Hougaard DM, Cohen AS, Ernst M. Effects of Long-Term Storage on the Biobanked Neonatal Dried Blood Spot Metabolome. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:685-694. [PMID: 36913955 PMCID: PMC10080689 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Over 2.5 million neonatal dried blood spots (DBS) are stored at the Danish National Biobank. These samples offer extraordinary possibilities for metabolomics research, including prediction of disease and understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms of disease development. Nevertheless, Danish neonatal DBS have been little explored in metabolomics studies. One question that remains underinvestigated is the long-term stability of the large number of metabolites typically assessed in untargeted metabolomics over long time periods of storage. Here, we investigate temporal trends of metabolites measured in 200 neonatal DBS collected over a time course of 10 years, using an untargeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based metabolomics protocol. We found that a majority (71%) of the metabolome was stable during 10 years of storage at -20 °C. However, we found decreasing trends for lipid-related metabolites, such as glycerophosphocholines and acylcarnitines. A few metabolites, including glutathione and methionine, may be strongly influenced by storage, with changes in metabolite levels up to 0.1-0.2 standard deviation units per year. Our findings indicate that untargeted metabolomics of DBS samples, with long-term storage in biobanks, is suitable for retrospective epidemiological studies. We identify metabolites whose stability in DBS should be closely monitored in future studies of DBS samples with long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Ottosson
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francesco Russo
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Abrahamsson
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadia MacSween
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Courraud
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
- Department
of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Leof. Vasilissis Sofias 80, Athens 11528, Greece
| | - Zaki Krag Nielsen
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M. Hougaard
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arieh S. Cohen
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Madeleine Ernst
- Section
for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening,
Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens
Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Jain A, Morris M, Lin EZ, Khan SA, Ma X, Deziel NC, Godri Pollitt KJ, Johnson CH. Hemoglobin normalization outperforms other methods for standardizing dried blood spot metabolomics: A comparative study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158716. [PMID: 36113793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dried blood spot (DBS) metabolomics has numerous applications in newborn health screening, exposomics, and biomonitoring of environmental chemicals in pregnant women and the elderly. However, accurate metabolite quantification is hindered by several challenges: notably the "hematocrit effect" and unknown blood-spotting volumes. Different techniques have been employed to overcome these issues but there is no consensus on the optimal normalization method for DBS metabolomics, and in some cases no normalization is used. We compared five normalization methods (hemoglobin (Hb), specific gravity (SG), protein, spot weight, potassium (K+)) to unnormalized data, and assessed sex-related differences in the DBS metabolome in 21 adults (group 1, n = 10 males, n = 11 females). The performance of each normalization method was evaluated using multiple criteria: (a) reduction of intragroup variation (pooled median absolute deviation, pooled estimate of variance, pooled coefficient of variation, NMDS and principal component analysis), (b) effect on differential metabolic analysis (dendrogram, heatmap, p-value distribution), and (c) influence on classification accuracy (partial least squares discriminant analysis, sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis error rates, receiver operating curve, random forest out of bag error rate). Our results revealed that Hb normalization outperformed all the other methods based on the three criteria and 13 different parameters; the performance of Hb was further demonstrated in an independent group of DBS from 18 neonates (group 2, n = 9 males, n = 9 females). Furthermore, we showed that SG and Hb are correlated in adults (rs = 0.86, p < 0.001), and validated this relationship in an independent group of 18 neonates and infants (group 3) (rs = 0.84, p < 0.001). Using the equation, SG = -0.4814Hb2 + 2.44Hb + 0.005, SG can be used as a surrogate for normalization by Hb. This is the first comparative study to concurrently evaluate multiple normalization methods for DBS metabolomics which will serve as a robust methodological platform for future environmental epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Jain
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Montana Morris
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Elizabeth Z Lin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sajid A Khan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Nicole C Deziel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States; Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Krystal J Godri Pollitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Caroline H Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States.
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11
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Bishop LM, Fiehn O. Comprehensive lipidomic profiling by plasma separation cards. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:193-201. [PMID: 36316462 PMCID: PMC10448968 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale lipidomic analyses have been limited by the cost and accessibility of traditional venipuncture sampling. Microsampling techniques offer a less-invasive and more accessible alternative. From a single drop of blood, plasma separation cards (PSC) deliver two volumetric dried plasma samples which are studied here for profiling endogenous blood lipids. Six lots of EDTA-treated human whole blood were used to compare PSC, dried blood spot analyses (DBS), and classic wet plasma extractions. Six replicate extractions were performed for each lot. Nontargeted lipidomics was performed by liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Lipids were annotated by accurate mass/retention time matching and MS/MS spectral library matching using peak intensities for quantitation. Four hundred ninety-eight compounds covering 24 lipid subclasses were annotated. Inter-lot repeatability was evaluated by the percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) for each lot, giving median %RSD values across the lots at 14.6% for PSC, 9.3% for DBS, and 8.6% for wet plasma. Strong correlations of lipid peak intensities between wet plasma and PSCs were observed, but less for DBS. Lipid recovery and stability were comparable between the PSC and DBS samples, with roughly 60% of annotated lipids stable at room temperature after 28 days. Overall, PSCs provide a better alternative for quantitative blood lipidomic analyses compared to dried blood spots. However, problems with lipid stability for samples handled and shipped at room temperature are currently unavoidable outside of a clinical setting. Data transferability and comparability to standard plasma is lipid and lipid class dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Bishop
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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12
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Internal standard metabolites for estimating origin blood volume of bloodstains. Forensic Sci Int 2023; 342:111533. [PMID: 36516660 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The volume of blood leaked from blood vessels may change due to evaporation of water under the natural influence of the external environment. Bloodstains and dried blood spots (DBS), which describes blood dried in the external environment, are similar in their production and their metabolite quantification profiles. In both bloodstain metabolite analysis in the forensic science field and DBS metabolite analysis in the clinical field, it is important to determine the volume of the origin blood as this affects metabolite quantification results. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to discover the internal standard metabolites that have quantitatively proportional relationships with origin blood volume and maintain constant concentrations even as the age of the bloodstain increases. As a result, the concentrations of L-isoleucine and L-phenylalanine increased in proportion to the origin blood volume of the bloodstain. The differences in concentration of L-isoleucine were significant in all volume comparisons except in the comparison between 65 μL and 85 μL. The differences in concentration of L-phenylalanine were significant in all volume comparisons except between 65 μL and 45 μL and between 65 μL and 85 μL. In addition, it was confirmed that both metabolites tended to maintain constant concentrations without being affected by bloodstain age as the volume became smaller. These internal standard metabolites can be used for estimating the origin blood volume of bloodstains during metabolite analysis of bloodstains and DBS and could provide a volume criterion for standardization when comparing metabolite quantification between samples.
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13
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Lee YR, Lee S, Kwon S, Lee J, Kang HG. Effect of environmental conditions on bloodstain metabolite analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114743. [PMID: 36356665 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Establishing a correlation between environmental variables and chemical change can significantly improve the quality of research in multiple fields. Among various environmental variables, temperature and humidity are closely related to the rate of chemical reactions. This study aimed to confirm changes in metabolite markers that were previously discovered in other temperature and humidity environment conditions and to confirm the possibility that they could act as markers. After blood collection from the subjects and bloodstain preparation, the quantitative values of the bloodstain metabolites were confirmed (when the age of the bloodstain was within a month) under eight environmental conditions (4 °C/30%, 4 °C/60%, 25 °C/30%, 25 °C/60%, 25 °C/90%, 40 °C/30%, 40 °C/60%, and 40 °C/90%). Age-of-bloodstain estimation models were constructed to confirm the applicability of bloodstain metabolites as markers for bloodstain age in various environments. The average concentration of metabolite markers exhibited a decreasing trend with the age of the bloodstain, which transformed into an increasing trend from day 7 onwards. In terms of temperature and humidity, 25 °C and 90%, respectively, showed the most dissimilar metabolite change pattern compared to other conditions. The age-of-bloodstain estimation models developed here have an R-square value of up to 0.92 for each condition and an R-square value of 0.71 when all environmental conditions were combined. The findings herein highlight the immense potential of blood metabolites for field application, confirming the possibility of predicting metabolite changes from the rates of their chemical reactions and validating the importance of metabolites as age-of-bloodstain markers under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Rim Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyen Kwon
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeong Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Gyoo Kang
- Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, 11759, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Solheim SA, Levernaes MCS, Mørkeberg J, Juul A, Upners EN, Nordsborg NB, Dehnes Y. Stability and detectability of testosterone esters in dried blood spots after intramuscular injections. Drug Test Anal 2022; 14:1926-1937. [PMID: 33733610 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
While misuse of testosterone esters is widespread in elite and recreational sports, direct detection of intact testosterone esters in doping control samples is hampered by the rapid hydrolysis by esterases present in the blood. With dried blood spot (DBS) as sample matrix, continued degradation of the esters is avoided due to inactivation of the hydrolase enzymes in dried blood. Here, we have developed the method further for detection of testosterone esters in DBS with focus on robustness and applicability in doping control. To demonstrate the method's feasibility, DBS samples from men receiving two intramuscular injections of Sustanon® 250 (n = 9) or placebo (n = 10) were collected, transported, and stored prior to analysis, to mimic a doping control scenario. The presented nanoLC-HRMS/MS method appeared reliable and suitable for direct detection of four testosterone esters (testosterone decanoate, isocaproate, phenylpropionate, and propionate) after extraction from DBS. Sustanon® was detected in all subjects for at least 5 days, with detection window up to 14 days for three of the esters. Evaluation of analyte stability showed that while storage at room temperature is tolerated well for a few days, testosterone esters are highly stable (>18 months) in DBS when stored in frozen conditions. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the applicability of DBS sampling in doping control for detection of steroid esters. The fast collection and reduced shipment costs of DBS compared with urine and standard blood samples, respectively, will allow more frequent and/or large-scale testing to increase detection and deterrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Amalie Solheim
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Science and Research, Anti-Doping Denmark, Brøndby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emmie N Upners
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Yvette Dehnes
- Norwegian Doping Control Laboratory, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Allaway D, Alexander JE, Carvell-Miller LJ, Reynolds RM, Winder CL, Weber RJM, Lloyd GR, Southam AD, Dunn WB. Suitability of Dried Blood Spots for Accelerating Veterinary Biobank Collections and Identifying Metabolomics Biomarkers With Minimal Resources. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:887163. [PMID: 35812865 PMCID: PMC9258959 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.887163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarker discovery using biobank samples collected from veterinary clinics would deliver insights into the diverse population of pets and accelerate diagnostic development. The acquisition, preparation, processing, and storage of biofluid samples in sufficient volumes and at a quality suitable for later analysis with most suitable discovery methods remain challenging. Metabolomics analysis is a valuable approach to detect health/disease phenotypes. Pre-processing changes during preparation of plasma/serum samples may induce variability that may be overcome using dried blood spots (DBSs). We report a proof of principle study by metabolite fingerprinting applying UHPLC-MS of plasma and DBSs acquired from healthy adult dogs and cats (age range 1–9 years), representing each of 4 dog breeds (Labrador retriever, Beagle, Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen, and Norfolk terrier) and the British domestic shorthair cat (n = 10 per group). Blood samples (20 and 40 μL) for DBSs were loaded onto filter paper, air-dried at room temperature (3 h), and sealed and stored (4°C for ~72 h) prior to storage at −80°C. Plasma from the same blood draw (250 μL) was prepared and stored at −80°C within 1 h of sampling. Metabolite fingerprinting of the DBSs and plasma produced similar numbers of metabolite features that had similar abilities to discriminate between biological classes and correctly assign blinded samples. These provide evidence that DBSs, sampled in a manner amenable to application in in-clinic/in-field processing, are a suitable sample for biomarker discovery using UHPLC-MS metabolomics. Further, given appropriate owner consent, the volumes tested (20–40 μL) make the acquisition of remnant blood from blood samples drawn for other reasons available for biobanking and other research activities. Together, this makes possible large-scale biobanking of veterinary samples, gaining sufficient material sooner and enabling quicker identification of biomarkers of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Allaway
- WALTHAM Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: David Allaway
| | - Janet E. Alexander
- WALTHAM Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, United Kingdom
| | - Laura J. Carvell-Miller
- WALTHAM Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, United Kingdom
| | - Rhiannon M. Reynolds
- WALTHAM Petcare Science Institute, Freeby Lane, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine L. Winder
- School of Biosciences and Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular, and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf J. M. Weber
- School of Biosciences and Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin R. Lloyd
- School of Biosciences and Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D. Southam
- School of Biosciences and Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Warwick B. Dunn
- School of Biosciences and Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular, and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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16
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Zhuang YJ, Mangwiro Y, Wake M, Saffery R, Greaves RF. Multi-omics analysis from archival neonatal dried blood spots: limitations and opportunities. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:1318-1341. [PMID: 35670573 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Newborn screening (NBS) programs operate in many countries, processing millions of dried bloodspot (DBS) samples annually. In addition to early identification of various adverse health outcomes, these samples have considerable potential as a resource for population-based research that could address key questions related to child health. The feasibility of archival DBS samples for emerging targeted and untargeted multi-omics analysis has not been previously explored in the literature. This review aims to critically evaluate the latest advances to identify opportunities and challenges of applying omics analyses to NBS cards in a research setting. Medline, Embase and PubMed databases were searched to identify studies utilizing DBS for genomic, proteomic and metabolomic assays. A total of 800 records were identified after removing duplicates, of which 23 records were included in this review. These papers consisted of one combined genomic/metabolomic, four genomic, three epigenomic, four proteomic and 11 metabolomic studies. Together they demonstrate that the increasing sensitivity of multi-omic analytical techniques makes the broad use of NBS samples achievable for large cohort studies. Maintaining the pre-analytical integrity of the DBS sample through storage at temperatures below -20 °C will enable this important resource to be fully realized in a research capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Jessica Zhuang
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yeukai Mangwiro
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ronda F Greaves
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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17
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Shimada Y, Kawano N, Goto M, Watanabe H, Ihara K. Stability of amino acids, free and acyl-carnitine in stored dried blood spots. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e15072. [PMID: 34817917 PMCID: PMC9313883 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newborn screening of inborn errors of metabolism using tandem mass spectrometry has become a public health strategy in many developed countries. Retrospective analyses using stored dried blood specimens have been limited, mainly due to a lack of biochemical information on the long-term stability of acylcarnitines and amino acids in stored specimens. We studied the characteristic profiles of the stability of amino acid, free carnitine, and acyl carnitines in dried blood specimens stored in a refrigerator after newborn screening. METHODS Dried blood specimens from 198 healthy newborns, which had been stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C after newborn screening, were prospectively subjected to tandem mass spectrometry analyses after 1, 3, 6 months, 1 and 2 years of storage. We also retrospectively re-analyzed the stored samples from 90 newborns, which had been analyzed and stored at 5 °C for 4 years. RESULTS We found that proline (Pro) and tyrosine (Tyr) were stable for 2 years, and that alanine (Ala), arginine (Arg), and phenylalanine (Phe) decayed with linear regression. The C0 increased during the time-course of 2 years, whereas most acylcarnitines gradually decayed and some showed a linear correlation. The retrospective analysis of samples stored for 4 years revealed that Ala, Phe, Pro and Tyr were almost stable, leucine (Leu), valine (Val) decayed with linear regression, C0 increased, and C10, C12, C14, C14:1, C16, C18, C18:1 decreased, while maintaining a linear correlation. CONCLUSIONS These data suggested that some metabolic parameters from refrigerator-stored dried blood specimens were applicable for the detection of inborn errors of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Shimada
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita, Japan
| | - Nanae Kawano
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita, Japan
| | - Miho Goto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Almeida Memorial Hospital, Oita City, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiromi Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Almeida Memorial Hospital, Oita City, Oita, Japan
| | - Kenji Ihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu City, Oita, Japan
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18
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Arginine, as a Key Indicator for Real-Time Stability Monitoring of Quality Control in the Newborn Screening Test Using Dried Blood Spot. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dried blood spots (DBS) have advantages such as minimizing blood collection volume and the distress to neonate. DBS have been used for tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based newborn screening tests (NST) of amino acid (AA) and acylcarnitine. The Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program (NSQAP) have been provided quality control (QC) materials for MS/MS, as DBS cards. The NSQAP is generally provided within 14 months of the shelf life and the recommended storage condition is at −10 °C to −30 °C. Previously, several accelerated degradation studies had been performed to determine the transportation stability and short-term stability of AAs and acylcarnitines in DBS. However, the experimental condition is markedly different to the storage condition. We performed long-term monitoring for the real-time stability of seven AAs and 14 acylcarnitines from three levels of 2012 NSQAP QC materials across a time period of 788 days. Arginine suddenly yielded a catastrophic degeneration pattern, which started around D300. When comparing this with previous accelerated degradation studies, methionine, tyrosine, citrulline, and acetylcarnitine did not show a remarkable measurand drift for the real-time stability, except for arginine. Our study showed that arginine would require intensive QC monitoring in routine practice, and should be used for the assessment of the stability in long-term storage of DBS samples for biobanking.
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19
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Skogvold H, Sandås EM, Østeby A, Løkken C, Rootwelt H, Rønning PO, Wilson SR, Elgstøen KBP. Bridging the Polar and Hydrophobic Metabolome in Single-Run Untargeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Dried Blood Spot Metabolomics for Clinical Purposes. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:4010-4021. [PMID: 34296888 PMCID: PMC8397434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dried blood spot (DBS) metabolite analysis is a central tool for the clinic, e.g., newborn screening. Instead of applying multiple analytical methods, a single liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed for metabolites spanning from highly polar glucose to hydrophobic long-chain acylcarnitines. For liquid chromatography, a diphenyl column and a multi-linear solvent gradient operated at elevated flow rates allowed for an even-spread resolution of diverse metabolites. Injecting moderate volumes of DBS organic extracts directly, in contrast to evaporation and reconstitution, provided substantial increases in analyte recovery. Q Exactive MS settings were also tailored for sensitivity increases, and the method allowed for analyte retention time and peak area repeatabilities of 0.1-0.4 and 2-10%, respectively, for a wide polarity range of metabolites (log P -4.4 to 8.8). The method's performance was suited for both untargeted analysis and targeted approaches evaluated in clinically relevant experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne
Bendiksen Skogvold
- National
Unit for Screening and Diagnosis of Congenital Pediatric Metabolic
Disorders, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
- Department
of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology,
Art and Design, Oslo Metropolitan University, Pilestredet 35, Oslo 0166, Norway
| | - Elise Mørk Sandås
- National
Unit for Screening and Diagnosis of Congenital Pediatric Metabolic
Disorders, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Anja Østeby
- National
Unit for Screening and Diagnosis of Congenital Pediatric Metabolic
Disorders, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Camilla Løkken
- National
Unit for Screening and Diagnosis of Congenital Pediatric Metabolic
Disorders, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Helge Rootwelt
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University
Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Per Ola Rønning
- Department
of Mechanical, Electronic and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology,
Art and Design, Oslo Metropolitan University, Pilestredet 35, Oslo 0166, Norway
| | - Steven Ray Wilson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 26, Oslo 0371, Norway
- Hybrid
Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Domus Medica, Gaustad, Sognsvannsveien
9, Oslo 0372, Norway
| | - Katja Benedikte Prestø Elgstøen
- National
Unit for Screening and Diagnosis of Congenital Pediatric Metabolic
Disorders, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo 0372, Norway
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20
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Rus CM, Di Bucchianico S, Cozma C, Zimmermann R, Bauer P. Dried Blood Spot (DBS) Methodology Study for Biomarker Discovery in Lysosomal Storage Disease (LSD). Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11060382. [PMID: 34199226 PMCID: PMC8231917 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding for proteins involved in the lysosomal degradation of macromolecules. They occur in approximately 1 in 5000 live births and pose a lifelong risk. Therefore, to achieve the maximum benefit from LSDs therapies, a fast and early diagnosis of the disease is required. In this framework, biomarker discovery is a significant factor in disease diagnosis and in predicting its outcomes. On the other hand, the dried blood spot (DBS) based metabolomics platform can open up new pathways for studying non-directional hypothesis approaches to biomarker discovery. This study aims to increase the efficiency of the developed methods for biomarker development in the context of rare diseases, with an improved impact on the reliability of the detected compounds. Thereby, we conducted two independent experiments and integrated them into the screening of the human blood metabolome: (1) comparison of EDTA blood and filter cards in terms of their suitability for metabolomics studies; (2) optimization of the extraction method: a side-by-side comparison of a series of buffers to the best utility to the disease of interest. The findings were compared to previous studies across parameters such as metabolite coverage, sample type suitability, and stability. The results indicate that measurements of metabolites are susceptible to differences in pre-analytical conditions and extraction solvents. This proposed approach can increase the positive rate of the future development of biomarkers. Altogether, the procedure can be easily adapted and applied to other studies, where the limited number of samples is a common barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina-Marcela Rus
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18055 Rostock, Germany; (C.C.); (P.B.)
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 1, 18051 Rostock, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Claudia Cozma
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18055 Rostock, Germany; (C.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 1, 18051 Rostock, Germany;
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Peter Bauer
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18055 Rostock, Germany; (C.C.); (P.B.)
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21
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Ward C, Nallamshetty S, Watrous JD, Acres E, Long T, Mathews IT, Sharma S, Cheng S, Imam F, Jain M. Nontargeted mass spectrometry of dried blood spots for interrogation of the human circulating metabolome. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4772. [PMID: 34240506 PMCID: PMC8626523 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Advances in high-resolution, nontargeted mass spectrometry allow for the simultaneous measure of thousands of metabolites in a single biosample. Application of these analytical approaches to population-scale human studies has been limited by the need for resource-intensive blood sample collection, preparation, and storage. Dried blood spotting, a technique developed decades ago for newborn screening, may offer a simple approach to overcome barriers in human blood acquisition and storage. In this study, we find that over 4,400 spectral features across diverse chemical classes may be efficiently and reproducibly extracted and relatively quantified from human dried blood spots using nontargeted metabolomic analysis employing HILIC and reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Moreover, over 80% of metabolites were found to be chemically stable in dried blood spots stored at room temperature for up to a week. In direct relation to plasma samples, dried blood spots exhibited comparable representation of the human circulating metabolome, capturing both known and previously uncharacterized metabolites. Dried blood spot approaches provide an opportunity for rapid and facile human biosampling and storage and will enable widespread metabolomics study of populations, particularly in resource-limited areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Ward
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Shriram Nallamshetty
- Cardiology Section, Palo Alto VA hospital, Palo Alto, California, USA; Division of CV Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jeramie D. Watrous
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Eowyn Acres
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Tao Long
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ian T Mathews
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- La Jolla Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Susan Cheng
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Farhad Imam
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Present address: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
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22
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Borrajo GJ, Doña VV. How Long are Residual Newborn Screening Specimens Useful for Retesting when Stored in Suboptimal and Uncontrolled Conditions of Temperature and Humidity? JOURNAL OF INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM AND SCREENING 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/2326-4594-jiems-2021-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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23
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van Rijt WJ, Schielen PCJI, Özer Y, Bijsterveld K, van der Sluijs FH, Derks TGJ, Heiner-Fokkema MR. Instability of Acylcarnitines in Stored Dried Blood Spots: The Impact on Retrospective Analysis of Biomarkers for Inborn Errors of Metabolism. Int J Neonatal Screen 2020; 6:ijns6040083. [PMID: 33147805 PMCID: PMC7712882 DOI: 10.3390/ijns6040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stored dried blood spots (DBS) can provide valuable samples for the retrospective diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism, and for validation studies for newborn blood spot screening programs. Acylcarnitine species are subject to degradation upon long-term storage at room temperature, but limited data are available on the stability in original samples and the impact on acylcarnitine ratios. We analysed complete acylcarnitine profiles by flow-injection tandem mass spectrometry in 598 anonymous DBS stored from 2013 to 2017, at +4 °C during the first year and thereafter at room temperature. The concentrations of C2-, C3-, C4-, C5-, C6-, C8-, C10:1-, C10-, C12:1-, C12-, C14:1-, C14-, C16:1-, C16-, C18:2-, C18:1-, C18-, C5OH+C4DC-, C18:1OH-, and C16DC-carnitine decreased significantly, whereas a positive trend was found for free carnitine. Only the C4/C8-, C8/C10-, C14:1/C10- and C14:1/C16-carnitine ratios appeared robust for the metabolite instability. The metabolite instability may provoke the wrong interpretation of test results in the case of retrospective studies and risk the inaccurate estimation of cut-off targets in validation studies when only stored control DBS are used. We recommend including control DBS in diagnostic, retrospective cohort studies, and, for validation studies, we recommend using fresh samples and repeatedly re-evaluating cut-off targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willemijn J. van Rijt
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (W.J.v.R.); (T.G.J.D.)
| | - Peter C. J. I. Schielen
- Reference Laboratory for Neonatal Screening, Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Yasemin Özer
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (Y.Ö.); (K.B.); (F.H.v.d.S.)
| | - Klaas Bijsterveld
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (Y.Ö.); (K.B.); (F.H.v.d.S.)
| | - Fjodor H. van der Sluijs
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (Y.Ö.); (K.B.); (F.H.v.d.S.)
| | - Terry G. J. Derks
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (W.J.v.R.); (T.G.J.D.)
| | - M. Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (Y.Ö.); (K.B.); (F.H.v.d.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Yu M, Dolios G, Yong-Gonzalez V, Björkqvist O, Colicino E, Halfvarson J, Petrick L. Untargeted metabolomics profiling and hemoglobin normalization for archived newborn dried blood spots from a refrigerated biorepository. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113574. [PMID: 32896810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Archived dried blood spots (DBS) following newborn screening are an attractive resource for interrogating early-life biology using untargeted metabolomics. Therefore, they have the potential to substantially aid etiological studies, particularly for rare and low-frequency childhood diseases and disorders. However, metabolite quantification in DBS is hindered by variation sources not present in serum and plasma samples such as the hematocrit effect and unknown initial blood volumes. Hemoglobin (Hb) is an appropriate correlate for hematocrit in experimentally-generated DBS punches. However, since many biorepositories worldwide archive DBS at 4-5 °C, there is a need to validate the utility of Hb for DBS archived under refrigeration. We evaluated two simple spectroscopic methods for measuring Hb in DBS stored at 4 +/- 2 °C for up to 21 years, obtained from the newborn screening program at the Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Spearman correlation analysis and Akaike Information Criterion model selection found that measurement of a Hb sodium lauryl sulfate complex at 540 nm better described nuisance variation than Hb measured at 404 nm, or using age of spot alone. This is the first study to profile metabolites and to propose a normalization factor for metabolite measurements from DBS archived for decades at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Georgia Dolios
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Vladimir Yong-Gonzalez
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Olle Björkqvist
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States; The Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Jonas Halfvarson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lauren Petrick
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States; The Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, 10029, United States.
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25
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Snowden SG, Korosi A, de Rooij SR, Koulman A. Combining lipidomics and machine learning to measure clinical lipids in dried blood spots. Metabolomics 2020; 16:83. [PMID: 32710150 PMCID: PMC7381462 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood-based sample collection is a challenge, and dried blood spots (DBS) represent an attractive alternative. However, for DBSs to be an alternative to venous blood it is important that these samples are able to deliver comparable associations with clinical outcomes. To explore this we looked to see if lipid profile data could be used to predict the concentration of triglyceride, HDL, LDL and total cholesterol in DBSs using markers identified in plasma. OBJECTIVES To determine if DBSs can be used as an alternative to venous blood in both research and clinical settings, and to determine if machine learning could predict 'clinical lipid' concentration from lipid profile data. METHODS Lipid profiles were generated from plasma (n = 777) and DBS (n = 835) samples. Random forest was applied to identify and validate panels of lipid markers in plasma, which were translated into the DBS cohort to provide robust measures of the four 'clinical lipids'. RESULTS In plasma samples panels of lipid markers were identified that could predict the concentration of the 'clinical lipids' with correlations between estimated and measured triglyceride, HDL, LDL and total cholesterol of 0.920, 0.743, 0.580 and 0.424 respectively. When translated into DBS samples, correlations of 0.836, 0.591, 0.561 and 0.569 were achieved for triglyceride, HDL, LDL and total cholesterol. CONCLUSION DBSs represent an alternative to venous blood, however further work is required to improve the combined lipidomics and machine learning approach to develop it for use in health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Snowden
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Level 4 Pathology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Aniko Korosi
- Centre for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne R de Rooij
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Biostatistics & Bio informaticslocation AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Koulman
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Level 4 Pathology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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26
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Frey BS, Damon DE, Badu-Tawiah AK. Emerging trends in paper spray mass spectrometry: Microsampling, storage, direct analysis, and applications. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:336-370. [PMID: 31491055 PMCID: PMC7875099 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in the sensitivity of chemical instrumentation have led to increased interest in the use of microsamples for translational and biomedical research. Paper substrates are by far the most widely used media for biofluid collection, and mass spectrometry is the preferred method of analysis of the resultant dried blood spot (DBS) samples. Although there have been a variety of review papers published on DBS, there has been no attempt to unify the century old DBS methodology with modern applications utilizing modified paper and paper-based microfluidics for sampling, storage, processing, and analysis. This critical review will discuss how mass spectrometry has expanded the utility of paper substrates from sample collection and storage, to direct complex mixture analysis to on-surface reaction monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abraham K. Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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27
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Evaluation of Dried Blood Spot Sampling for Clinical Metabolomics: Effects of Different Papers and Sample Storage Stability. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9110277. [PMID: 31726782 PMCID: PMC6918358 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9110277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The dried blood spot (DBS) sampling has a lot of advantages in comparison with the “standard” venous blood collecting, such as small collection volume, painless and easy sample collection with minimal training required, stable and transportable at ambient temperatures, etc. The aim of this study was to determine the comparability of four different types of DBS sampling (HemaSpot™-HF Blood Collection Device, Whatman® 903 Protein Saver Snap Apart Card, card ImmunoHealth™, and glass fiber strip ImmunoHealth™) for analysis of the global metabolites profile. All the samples were collected from the same person at the same time and stored at room temperature for four weeks in order to exclude all possible deviations deriving from biological variances and to evaluate sample storage stability. Metabolome profiling by direct injection of a deproteinized capillary blood DBS sample into an electrospray ion source of a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer was used. Differences in the metabolomics profile were found between the different DBS collection materials, especially for ImmunoHealth™ card and ImmunoHealth™ glass fiber strip. However, our results indicate that the analytical performance of all tested DBS sampling materials showed consistent results overall detected metabolites and no dramatic changes between them in the metabolic composition during the storage time.
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28
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Palmer EA, Cooper HJ, Dunn WB. Investigation of the 12-Month Stability of Dried Blood and Urine Spots Applying Untargeted UHPLC-MS Metabolomic Assays. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14306-14313. [PMID: 31618007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of dried blood spot (DBS) and dried urine spot (DUS) samples represents an attractive opportunity for researchers in biomedical metabolomics to collect whole blood and urine samples in the absence of a processing laboratory and so to allow collection in remote areas or in longitudinal studies away from the clinic. The 12-month stability of the thousands of metabolites present in these biofluids and the applicability of DBS and DUS samples for untargeted metabolomics applications has not previously been investigated in detail and compared to blood and urine samples. Here, the 12-month stability of DBS and DUS at different storage temperatures (-20, +4, and +21 °C) have been compared to plasma and urine biofluids stored at the same storage temperatures and time. Samples were analyzed applying complementary HILIC and C18 reversed-phase UHPLC-MS untargeted metabolomic assays. Results show that metabolites demonstrate increased stability in DBS and DUS compared to whole blood and urine at all storage temperatures and times. DBS and DUS stored at +21 °C are stable for up to 4 weeks but are not stable over a 1 year period. DBS and DUS showed good stability when stored at -20 °C for 1 year. We recommend that DBS and DUS samples are collected and transported within 28 days at room temperature and are stored for longer periods of time at -20 or -80 °C. The metabolomes of DUS samples and urine were very similar but the metabolome of DBS included additional metabolites not detected in plasma and therefore proposed to be released from cells in whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott A Palmer
- School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , United Kingdom
| | - Helen J Cooper
- School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , United Kingdom
| | - Warwick B Dunn
- School of Biosciences , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , United Kingdom.,Phenome Centre Birmingham , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , United Kingdom.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , West Midlands B15 2TT , United Kingdom
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Ismail IT, Showalter MR, Fiehn O. Inborn Errors of Metabolism in the Era of Untargeted Metabolomics and Lipidomics. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100242. [PMID: 31640247 PMCID: PMC6835511 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a group of inherited diseases with variable incidences. IEMs are caused by disrupting enzyme activities in specific metabolic pathways by genetic mutations, either directly or indirectly by cofactor deficiencies, causing altered levels of compounds associated with these pathways. While IEMs may present with multiple overlapping symptoms and metabolites, early and accurate diagnosis of IEMs is critical for the long-term health of affected subjects. The prevalence of IEMs differs between countries, likely because different IEM classifications and IEM screening methods are used. Currently, newborn screening programs exclusively use targeted metabolic assays that focus on limited panels of compounds for selected IEM diseases. Such targeted approaches face the problem of false negative and false positive diagnoses that could be overcome if metabolic screening adopted analyses of a broader range of analytes. Hence, we here review the prospects of using untargeted metabolomics for IEM screening. Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics do not rely on predefined target lists and can detect as many metabolites as possible in a sample, allowing to screen for many metabolic pathways simultaneously. Examples are given for nontargeted analyses of IEMs, and prospects and limitations of different metabolomics methods are discussed. We conclude that dedicated studies are needed to compare accuracy and robustness of targeted and untargeted methods with respect to widening the scope of IEM diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa T Ismail
- National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebeen El Kom 55955, Egypt.
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Megan R Showalter
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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30
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Kok MGM, Nix C, Nys G, Fillet M. Targeted metabolomics of whole blood using volumetric absorptive microsampling. Talanta 2019; 197:49-58. [PMID: 30771966 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) enables the collection of small and accurate quantities of biological fluids. Therefore, this sampling technique is of great interest for volume-limited samples or serial collection of samples. In this study, we examined the potential of VAMS for targeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics. The targeted analysis of 36 major metabolites from only 10 μL of whole blood was optimized. A design of experiments was carried out to maximize the extraction of metabolites. Moreover, critical steps in sample preparation and sample analysis were studied and characterized, such as the addition of internal standards to tips of VAMS devices before sample collection. A reversed-phase UHPLC-MS/MS method was used to analyze organic acids, whereas hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC)-MS/MS was selected for the determination of amino acids. Overall, the optimum extraction solvent was acetonitrile-water in a proportion of 60:40 (v/v), providing good recoveries and resulting in the detection of all target metabolites in whole blood with good repeatability (less than 15% RSD on peak area). Furthermore, the stability of the analytes in dried whole blood, which is of critical importance in metabolomics studies, was investigated. The amino and organic acids were stable for at least 4 days when stored at room temperature. This is in contrast to the instability of these compounds in wet blood, thereby showing the great potential of VAMS in metabolomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda G M Kok
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, CIRM, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Cindy Nix
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, CIRM, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Gwenaël Nys
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, CIRM, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, CIRM, University of Liège, Quartier Hopital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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Jones C, Dunseath GJ, Lemon J, Luzio SD. Microsampling Collection Methods for Measurement of C-peptide in Whole Blood. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2018; 12. [PMID: 29521111 PMCID: PMC6134616 DOI: 10.1177/1932296818763464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsampling techniques are alternative methods to venous sampling for obtaining blood for measurement of circulating biomarkers, offering the convenience of reduced sample volume and elimination of the need for phlebotomists. Dried blood spot (DBS) microsampling methods have been used for many years while more recently a volumetric absorptive microsampling device (VAMS™) has been introduced. In diabetes mellitus, circulating C-peptide is commonly used as an indicator of endogenous insulin secretion and clinical measurement can aid in diagnosis as well as informing on therapy. This pilot study investigated the effectiveness of microsampling collection of capillary blood for measurement of C-peptide. METHODS Capillary blood was collected into capillary tubes and centrifuged for plasma samples. Simultaneous samples were also collected using both microsampling methods (DBS and VAMS). Blood from both microsamplers was extracted prior to assaying for C-peptide alongside the corresponding plasma samples, using specific immunoassays and results obtained from microsampling compared to the reference plasma concentrations. Stability was determined by collecting duplicate DBS and VAMS and assaying both in a single assay after storing one at -20°C immediately and one at room temperature for 48 hours post-collection. RESULTS Good agreement was observed between C-peptide concentrations in plasma and equivalent DBS and VAMS samples ( R2 = .929 and .9231, DBS and VAMS, respectively), with mean differences of 75.7 and 8.4 pmol/L observed for DBS and VAMS. Small decreases in C-peptide of 11.6% and 0.1% were observed after 48 hours storage for DBS and VAMS, respectively. CONCLUSIONS C-peptide collected using DBS and VAMS showed good agreement with reference plasma concentrations, suggesting both would be an effective microsampling method for collection and measurement of C-peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Jones
- Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Gareth J. Dunseath
- Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Gareth J. Dunseath, Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Grove Building, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA28PP, UK.
| | - Jessica Lemon
- Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Stephen D. Luzio
- Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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Murphy MSQ, Hawken S, Cheng W, Wilson LA, Lamoureux M, Henderson M, Potter B, Little J, Chakraborty P, Wilson K. Metabolic profiles derived from residual blood spot samples: A longitudinal analysis. Gates Open Res 2018; 2:28. [PMID: 30234195 PMCID: PMC6139383 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.12822.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Secondary use of newborn screening dried blood spot samples include use for biomedical or epidemiological research. However, the effects of storage conditions on archival samples requires further examination. The objective of this study was to determine the utility of residual newborn samples for deriving reliable metabolic gestational age estimates. Methods: Residual newborn dried blood spot samples that had been stored for 2-, 4-, 6-, or 12-months in temperature controlled (21°C) conditions were re-analyzed for the full panel of newborn screening analytes offered by a provincial newborn screening lab in Ottawa, Canada. Data from re-analyzed samples were compared to corresponding baseline newborn screening values for absolute agreement, and Pearson and intraclass correlation. Performance of a gestational age estimation algorithm originally developed from baseline newborn screening values was then validated on data derived from stored samples. Results: A total of 307 samples were used for this study. 17-hydroxyprogesterone and newborn hemoglobin profiles measured by immunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively, were among the most stable markers across all time points of analysis. Acylcarnitines exhibited the greatest degree of variation in stability upon repeat measurement. The largest shifts in newborn analyte profiles and the poorest performance of metabolic gestational age algorithms were observed when samples were analyzed 12-months after sample collection. Conclusions: Duration of sample storage, independent of temperature and humidity, affects newborn screening profiles and gestational age estimates derived from metabolic gestational dating algorithms. When considering use of dried blood spot samples either for clinical or research purposes, care should be taken when interpreting data stemming from secondary use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malia S Q Murphy
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - Steven Hawken
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - Wei Cheng
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - Lindsay A Wilson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - Monica Lamoureux
- Newborn Screening Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - Matthew Henderson
- Newborn Screening Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - Beth Potter
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Pranesh Chakraborty
- Newborn Screening Ontario, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - Kumanan Wilson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada
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Tebani A, Afonso C, Bekri S. Advances in metabolome information retrieval: turning chemistry into biology. Part I: analytical chemistry of the metabolome. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:379-391. [PMID: 28840392 PMCID: PMC5959978 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0074-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites are small molecules produced by enzymatic reactions in a given organism. Metabolomics or metabolic phenotyping is a well-established omics aimed at comprehensively assessing metabolites in biological systems. These comprehensive analyses use analytical platforms, mainly nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, along with associated separation methods to gather qualitative and quantitative data. Metabolomics holistically evaluates biological systems in an unbiased, data-driven approach that may ultimately support generation of hypotheses. The approach inherently allows the molecular characterization of a biological sample with regard to both internal (genetics) and environmental (exosome, microbiome) influences. Metabolomics workflows are based on whether the investigator knows a priori what kind of metabolites to assess. Thus, a targeted metabolomics approach is defined as a quantitative analysis (absolute concentrations are determined) or a semiquantitative analysis (relative intensities are determined) of a set of metabolites that are possibly linked to common chemical classes or a selected metabolic pathway. An untargeted metabolomics approach is a semiquantitative analysis of the largest possible number of metabolites contained in a biological sample. This is part I of a review intending to give an overview of the state of the art of major metabolic phenotyping technologies. Furthermore, their inherent analytical advantages and limits regarding experimental design, sample handling, standardization and workflow challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Tebani
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76000, Rouen, France
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, IRIB, INSERM U1245, 76000, Rouen, France
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Soumeya Bekri
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76000, Rouen, France.
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, CHU Rouen, IRIB, INSERM U1245, 76000, Rouen, France.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biobehavioral research requires the ability to objectively measure the presence and/or severity of disease, symptoms and their burden, or to determine the effect of treatment on outcomes. Biomarker research has advanced care for patients across the lifespan. There have been significant advancements in biological marker use for nursing research in recent years. The purposes of this article are to define the characteristics of a valid biomarker; review common biological sources of genetic, hormonal, and proteomic biomarkers with attention to practical strengths, weaknesses, and challenges for specimen selection and quality; and discuss potential use of biomarkers in clinical and research settings. METHODS Authors draw on the literature and research experiences to address the issues relevant to incorporating biomarkers into nursing research. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION An overview of the practical aspects of incorporating biomarkers into nursing research, and the resultant actual and potential clinical applications, are discussed.
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Hernandes VV, Barbas C, Dudzik D. A review of blood sample handling and pre-processing for metabolomics studies. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2232-2241. [PMID: 28543881 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics has been found to be applicable to a wide range of clinical studies, bringing a new era for improving clinical diagnostics, early disease detection, therapy prediction and treatment efficiency monitoring. A major challenge in metabolomics, particularly untargeted studies, is the extremely diverse and complex nature of biological specimens. Despite great advances in the field there still exist fundamental needs for considering pre-analytical variability that can introduce bias to the subsequent analytical process and decrease the reliability of the results and moreover confound final research outcomes. Many researchers are mainly focused on the instrumental aspects of the biomarker discovery process, and sample related variables sometimes seem to be overlooked. To bridge the gap, critical information and standardized protocols regarding experimental design and sample handling and pre-processing are highly desired. Characterization of a range variation among sample collection methods is necessary to prevent results misinterpretation and to ensure that observed differences are not due to an experimental bias caused by inconsistencies in sample processing. Herein, a systematic discussion of pre-analytical variables affecting metabolomics studies based on blood derived samples is performed. Furthermore, we provide a set of recommendations concerning experimental design, collection, pre-processing procedures and storage conditions as a practical review that can guide and serve for the standardization of protocols and reduction of undesirable variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Veri Hernandes
- Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain.,ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Coral Barbas
- Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Danuta Dudzik
- Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Faculty of Pharmacy, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
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Kyle JE, Casey CP, Stratton KG, Zink EM, Kim YM, Zheng X, Monroe ME, Weitz KK, Bloodsworth KJ, Orton DJ, Ibrahim YM, Moore RJ, Lee CG, Pedersen C, Orwoll E, Smith RD, Burnum-Johnson KE, Baker ES. Comparing identified and statistically significant lipids and polar metabolites in 15-year old serum and dried blood spot samples for longitudinal studies. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:447-456. [PMID: 27958645 PMCID: PMC5292309 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The use of dried blood spots (DBS) has many advantages over traditional plasma and serum samples such as the smaller blood volume required, storage at room temperature, and ability to sample in remote locations. However, understanding the robustness of different analytes in DBS samples is essential, especially in older samples collected for longitudinal studies. METHODS Here we analyzed the stability of polar metabolites and lipids in DBS samples collected in 2000-2001 and stored at room temperature. The identified and statistically significant molecules were then compared to matched serum samples stored at -80°C to determine if the DBS samples could be effectively used in a longitudinal study following metabolic disease. RESULTS A total of 400 polar metabolites and lipids were identified in the serum and DBS samples using gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), liquid chromatography (LC)/MS, and LC/ion mobility spectrometry-MS (LC/IMS-MS). The identified polar metabolites overlapped well between the sample types, though only one statistically significant metabolite was conserved in a case-control study of older diabetic males with low amounts of high-density lipoproteins and high body mass indices, triacylglycerides and glucose levels when compared to non-diabetic patients with normal levels, indicating that degradation in the DBS samples affects polar metabolite quantitation. Differences in the lipid identifications indicated that some oxidation occurs in the DBS samples. However, 36 statistically significant lipids correlated in both sample types. CONCLUSIONS The difference in the number of statistically significant polar metabolites and lipids indicated that the lipids did not degrade to as great of a degree as the polar metabolites in the DBS samples and lipid quantitation was still possible. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Kyle
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Cameron P. Casey
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Kelly G. Stratton
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Erika M. Zink
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Xueyun Zheng
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Matthew E. Monroe
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Karl K. Weitz
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Kent J. Bloodsworth
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Daniel J. Orton
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Yehia M. Ibrahim
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Ronald J. Moore
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Christine G. Lee
- Department of Medicine, Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
- Research Service, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR
| | - Catherine Pedersen
- Department of Medicine, Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Eric Orwoll
- Department of Medicine, Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Richard D. Smith
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | | | - Erin S. Baker
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
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Tebani A, Abily-Donval L, Afonso C, Marret S, Bekri S. Clinical Metabolomics: The New Metabolic Window for Inborn Errors of Metabolism Investigations in the Post-Genomic Era. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071167. [PMID: 27447622 PMCID: PMC4964538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) represent a group of about 500 rare genetic diseases with an overall estimated incidence of 1/2500. The diversity of metabolic pathways involved explains the difficulties in establishing their diagnosis. However, early diagnosis is usually mandatory for successful treatment. Given the considerable clinical overlap between some inborn errors, biochemical and molecular tests are crucial in making a diagnosis. Conventional biological diagnosis procedures are based on a time-consuming series of sequential and segmented biochemical tests. The rise of “omic” technologies offers holistic views of the basic molecules that build a biological system at different levels. Metabolomics is the most recent “omic” technology based on biochemical characterization of metabolites and their changes related to genetic and environmental factors. This review addresses the principles underlying metabolomics technologies that allow them to comprehensively assess an individual biochemical profile and their reported applications for IEM investigations in the precision medicine era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Tebani
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen 76031, France.
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM, CHU Rouen, IRIB, Laboratoire NeoVasc ERI28, Rouen 76000, France.
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, Rouen 76000, France.
| | - Lenaig Abily-Donval
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM, CHU Rouen, IRIB, Laboratoire NeoVasc ERI28, Rouen 76000, France.
- Department of Neonatal Pediatrics and Intensive Care, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen 76031, France.
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, Rouen 76000, France.
| | - Stéphane Marret
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM, CHU Rouen, IRIB, Laboratoire NeoVasc ERI28, Rouen 76000, France.
- Department of Neonatal Pediatrics and Intensive Care, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen 76031, France.
| | - Soumeya Bekri
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen 76031, France.
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM, CHU Rouen, IRIB, Laboratoire NeoVasc ERI28, Rouen 76000, France.
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Prentice P, Acerini CL, Eleftheriou A, Hughes IA, Ong KK, Dunger DB. Cohort Profile: the Cambridge Baby Growth Study (CBGS). Int J Epidemiol 2015; 45:35.a-g. [PMID: 26721600 PMCID: PMC4795564 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Prentice
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK and
| | - Carlo L Acerini
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK and
| | | | - Ieuan A Hughes
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK and
| | - Kenneth K Ong
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David B Dunger
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK and
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A new DBS card with spot sizes independent of the hematocrit value of blood. Bioanalysis 2015; 7:2095-104. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.15.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: DBS cards have been a big promise for decades. However, blood with low hematocrit (Ht) values results on regular cellulose-based DBS cards in larger spot sizes, compared with blood with high Ht-values. A new material has been developed to solve this problem. Results: This material, based on hydrophilic-coated woven polyester fibers, shows spot sizes independent of the Ht-value of blood. Homogeneity over the spot is within 10% RSD. Conclusion: Quantitative measurements over a broad Ht range show nonbiased results compared with whole spot analysis. The cards are experienced as reproducible, robust and easy to use on aspects of punchability and extractability.
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Ellervik C, Vaught J. Preanalytical Variables Affecting the Integrity of Human Biospecimens in Biobanking. Clin Chem 2015; 61:914-34. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2014.228783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Most errors in a clinical chemistry laboratory are due to preanalytical errors. Preanalytical variability of biospecimens can have significant effects on downstream analyses, and controlling such variables is therefore fundamental for the future use of biospecimens in personalized medicine for diagnostic or prognostic purposes.
CONTENT
The focus of this review is to examine the preanalytical variables that affect human biospecimen integrity in biobanking, with a special focus on blood, saliva, and urine. Cost efficiency is discussed in relation to these issues.
SUMMARY
The quality of a study will depend on the integrity of the biospecimens. Preanalytical preparations should be planned with consideration of the effect on downstream analyses. Currently such preanalytical variables are not routinely documented in the biospecimen research literature. Future studies using biobanked biospecimens should describe in detail the preanalytical handling of biospecimens and analyze and interpret the results with regard to the effects of these variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ellervik
- Department of Research, Nykoebing Falster Hospital, Nykoebing Falster, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jim Vaught
- International Society for Biological and Environmental Repositories, Vancouver, Canada
- Editor-in-Chief, Biopreservation and Biobanking, Vancouver, Canada
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Bioanalysis annual round-up: the bioanalysis editorial team is delighted to welcome you to this mid-year round-up. Bioanalysis 2013; 5:2227-31. [PMID: 24053237 DOI: 10.4155/bio.13.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This year has so far proven to be another eventful one for the journal and its affiliated website Bioanalysis Zone. Key highlights include the unveiling of the finalists for the annual Young Investigator Award [1] , the publication of four exciting special issues and a selection of noteworthy White Papers, as well as the addition of more new features on Bioanalysis Zone. Not only this, but the Impact Factor of Bioanalysis increased to 3.253 (2012), demonstrating the journal's continuing high editorial standards. This mid-year round-up looks at the highlights of the year to date and features a selection of must-read articles from volume 5. Enjoy!
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