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Fu S, Yu F, Hu Z, Sun T. Metabolism-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions – Study Design, Data Analysis, and Implications for In Vitro Evaluations. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Yip V, Figueroa I, Latifi B, Masih S, Ng C, Leipold D, Kamath A, Shen BQ. Anti-Lymphocyte Antigen 6 Complex, Locus E- Seco-Cyclopropabenzindol-4-One-Dimer Antibody-Drug Conjugate That Forms Adduct with α1-Microglobulin Demonstrates Slower Systemic Antibody Clearance and Reduced Tumor Distribution in Animals. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:1247-1256. [PMID: 33020064 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-Ly6E-seco-cyclopropabenzindol-4-one dimer antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) has been reported to form an adduct with α1-microglobulin (A1M) in animal plasma, but with unknown impact on ADC PK and tissue distribution. In this study, we compared the PK and tissue distribution of anti-Ly6E ADC with unconjugated anti-Ly6E mAb in rodents and monkeys. For PK studies, animals received an intravenous administration of anti-Ly6E ADC or unconjugated anti-Ly6E mAb. Plasma samples were analyzed for total antibody (Tab) levels and A1M adduct formation. PK parameters were generated from dose-normalized plasma concentrations. Tissue distribution was determined in tumor-bearing mice after a single intravenous dosing of radiolabeled ADC or mAb. Tissue radioactivity levels were analyzed using a gamma counter. The impact of A1M adduct formation on target cell binding was assessed in an in vitro cell binding assay. The results show that ADC Tab clearance was slower than that of mAb in mice and rats but faster than mAb in monkeys. Correspondingly, the formation of A1M adduct appeared to be faster and higher in mice, followed by rats, and slowest in monkeys. Although ADC tended to show an overall lower distribution to normal tissues, it had a strikingly reduced distribution to tumors compared with mAb, likely due to A1M adduct formation interfering with target binding, as demonstrated by the in vitro cell binding assay. Together, these data 1) demonstrate that anti-Ly6E ADC that forms A1M adduct had slower systemic clearance with strikingly reduced tumor distribution and 2) highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate linker-drug for successful ADC development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Anti-lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus E, ADC with seco-cyclopropabenzindol-4-one-dimer payload formed adduct with A1M, which led to a decrease in systemic clearance but also attenuated tumor distribution. These findings demonstrate the importance of selecting an appropriate linker-drug for ADC development and also highlight the value of a mechanistic understanding of ADC biotransformation, which could provide insight into ADC molecule design, optimization, and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Yip
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics (V.Y., I.F., B.L., S.M., D.L., A.K., B.-Q.S.) and Bio-Analytical Sciences (C.N.), Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Isabel Figueroa
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics (V.Y., I.F., B.L., S.M., D.L., A.K., B.-Q.S.) and Bio-Analytical Sciences (C.N.), Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Brandon Latifi
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics (V.Y., I.F., B.L., S.M., D.L., A.K., B.-Q.S.) and Bio-Analytical Sciences (C.N.), Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Shab Masih
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics (V.Y., I.F., B.L., S.M., D.L., A.K., B.-Q.S.) and Bio-Analytical Sciences (C.N.), Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Carl Ng
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics (V.Y., I.F., B.L., S.M., D.L., A.K., B.-Q.S.) and Bio-Analytical Sciences (C.N.), Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Doug Leipold
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics (V.Y., I.F., B.L., S.M., D.L., A.K., B.-Q.S.) and Bio-Analytical Sciences (C.N.), Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Amrita Kamath
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics (V.Y., I.F., B.L., S.M., D.L., A.K., B.-Q.S.) and Bio-Analytical Sciences (C.N.), Genentech, South San Francisco, California
| | - Ben-Quan Shen
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics (V.Y., I.F., B.L., S.M., D.L., A.K., B.-Q.S.) and Bio-Analytical Sciences (C.N.), Genentech, South San Francisco, California
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Camus V, Tilly H. Polatuzumab vedotin, an anti-CD79b antibody-drug conjugate for the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Future Oncol 2020; 17:127-135. [PMID: 32954807 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory/relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma remains a major unmet medical need with poor outcome, especially for patients considered ineligible for stem cell transplant. Polatuzumab vedotin (PV) is a first-in-class anti-CD79b antibody-drug conjugate that contains the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin E. The development of PV is currently very active. This drug was US FDA approved in 2019 in combination with bendamustine and rituximab for the treatment of refractory/relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in third line and more, after demonstrating relevant efficacy and acceptable safety in a pivotal randomized Phase II trial. This review summarizes the features of this new drug with the primary focus on the clinical work supporting efficacy, relevance and tolerability of PV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Camus
- INSERM U1245 & Department of Clinical Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Tilly
- INSERM U1245 & Department of Clinical Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, University of Rouen, Rouen, France
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Shemesh CS, Agarwal P, Lu T, Lee C, Dere RC, Li X, Li C, Jin JY, Girish S, Miles D, Lu D. Pharmacokinetics of polatuzumab vedotin in combination with R/G-CHP in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 85:831-842. [PMID: 32222808 PMCID: PMC7188703 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The phase Ib/II open-label study (NCT01992653) evaluated the antibody-drug conjugate polatuzumab vedotin (pola) plus rituximab/obinutuzumab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (R/G-CHP) as first-line therapy for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). We report the pharmacokinetics (PK) and drug–drug interaction (DDI) for pola. Methods Six or eight cycles of pola 1.0–1.8 mg/kg were administered intravenously every 3 weeks (q3w) with R/G-CHP. Exposures of pola [including antibody-conjugated monomethyl auristatin E (acMMAE) and unconjugated MMAE] and R/G-CHP were assessed by non-compartmental analysis and/or descriptive statistics with cross-cycle comparisons to cycle 1 and/or after multiple cycles. Pola was evaluated as a potential victim and perpetrator of a PK drug–drug interaction with R/G-CHP. Population PK (popPK) analysis assessed the impact of prior treatment status (naïve vs. relapsed/refractory) on pola PK. Results Pola PK was similar between treatment arms and independent of line of therapy. Pola PK was dose proportional from 1.0 to 1.8 mg/kg with R/G-CHP. Geometric mean volume of distribution and clearance of acMMAE ranged from 57.3 to 95.6 mL/kg and 12.7 to 18.2 mL/kg/day, respectively. acMMAE exhibited multi-exponential decay (elimination half-life ~ 1 week). Unconjugated MMAE exhibited formation rate-limited kinetics. Exposures of pola with R/G-CHP were similar to those in the absence of CHP; exposures of R/G-CHP in the presence of pola were comparable to those in the absence of pola. Conclusions Pola PK was well characterized with no clinically meaningful DDIs with R/G-CHP. Findings are consistent with previous studies of pola + R/G, and support pola + R/G-CHP use in previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00280-020-04054-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Intravenous
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacokinetics
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects
- Cyclophosphamide/pharmacokinetics
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/adverse effects
- Doxorubicin/pharmacokinetics
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Drug Interactions
- Drug Monitoring/methods
- Female
- Humans
- Immunoconjugates/administration & dosage
- Immunoconjugates/adverse effects
- Immunoconjugates/pharmacokinetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Maximum Tolerated Dose
- Prednisone/administration & dosage
- Prednisone/adverse effects
- Prednisone/pharmacokinetics
- Rituximab/administration & dosage
- Rituximab/adverse effects
- Rituximab/pharmacokinetics
- Treatment Outcome
- Vincristine/administration & dosage
- Vincristine/adverse effects
- Vincristine/pharmacokinetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Colby S Shemesh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Priya Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Calvin Lee
- Clinical Science, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Randall C Dere
- Bioanalytical Science, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Chunze Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jin Y Jin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Sandhya Girish
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Dale Miles
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
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Antibody-Drug Conjugates: Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling, Preclinical Characterization, Clinical Studies, and Lessons Learned. Clin Pharmacokinet 2019; 57:687-703. [PMID: 29188435 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-017-0619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates are an emerging class of biopharmaceuticals changing the landscape of targeted chemotherapy. These conjugates combine the target specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the anti-cancer activity of small-molecule therapeutics. Several antibody-drug conjugates have received approval for the treatment of various types of cancer including gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg®), brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris®), trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®), and inotuzumab ozogamicin, which recently received approval (Besponsa®). In addition to these approved therapies, there are many antibody-drug conjugates in the drug development pipeline and in clinical trials, although these fall outside the scope of this article. Understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibody-drug conjugates and the development of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models is indispensable, albeit challenging as there are many parameters to incorporate including the disposition of the intact antibody-drug conjugate complex, the antibody, and the drug agents following their dissociation in the body. In this review, we discuss how antibody-drug conjugates progressed over time, the challenges in their development, and how our understanding of their pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics led to greater strides towards successful targeted therapy programs.
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Lu D, Li C, Riggs M, Polhamus D, French J, Agarwal P, Chen SC, Vadhavkar S, Patre M, Strasak A, Quartino A, Jin JY, Girish S. Pharmacokinetics of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) as a single agent or in combination with pertuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer patients with recurrent or locally advanced metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:175-185. [PMID: 31102024 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03852-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The phase III MARIANNE study investigated single-agent trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) and combination T-DM1 plus pertuzumab as the first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Pharmacokinetic properties of T-DM1 and pertuzumab in these patients and the potential for drug-drug interactions (DDIs) were assessed. METHODS Pharmacokinetic samples of T-DM1-related analytes (T-DM1 conjugate, total trastuzumab, DM1) and pertuzumab were analyzed. Observed pharmacokinetic data were summarized for all analytes. Historical population pharmacokinetic models for T-DM1 conjugate and pertuzumab in HER2-positive MBC were used to derive empirical Bayes estimates of pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS In MARIANNE (N = 375), mean ± standard deviation population pharmacokinetic model-predicted Cycle 1 Cmax for T-DM1 conjugate was 74.4 ± 10.1 µg/mL, Cycle 1 Ctrough was 1.34 ± 0.802 µg/mL, and area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity after first dose (AUCinf) was 338 ± 69.5 µg*day/mL. These values were similar to other T-DM1 studies. Pharmacokinetics of T-DM1 conjugate and other analytes (total trastuzumab, DM1) were similar with or without pertuzumab. In the pertuzumab plus T-DM1 arm, mean model-predicted Cycle 1 pertuzumab Cmax, Ctrough, and AUCinf were 276 ± 50.0 µg/mL, 64.8 ± 17.9 μg/mL, and 4470 ± 1360 µg*day/mL, respectively. These values were similar to other pertuzumab studies. CONCLUSIONS Based on the population pharmacokinetic analysis of T-DM1 conjugate and pertuzumab, pharmacokinetics are similar across different lines of treatment and stages of disease including previously untreated MBC patients, and no DDIs were identified for combined use of T-DM1 and pertuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Chunze Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Matthew Riggs
- Metrum Research Group, 2 Tunxis Rd # 112, Tariffville, CT, USA
| | - Daniel Polhamus
- Metrum Research Group, 2 Tunxis Rd # 112, Tariffville, CT, USA
| | - Jonathan French
- Metrum Research Group, 2 Tunxis Rd # 112, Tariffville, CT, USA
| | - Priya Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Shang-Chiung Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Shweta Vadhavkar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Monika Patre
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Strasak
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Angelica Quartino
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jin Yan Jin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Sandhya Girish
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
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Taplin S, Vashisht K, Walles M, Calise D, Kluwe W, Bouchard P, Johnson R. Hepatotoxicity with antibody maytansinoid conjugates: A review of preclinical and clinical findings. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:600-615. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Taplin
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Inc.; East Hanover NJ USA
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Hamilton GS. Antibody-drug conjugates for cancer therapy: The technological and regulatory challenges of developing drug-biologic hybrids. Biologicals 2015; 43:318-32. [PMID: 26115630 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new class of therapeutic agents that combine the targeting ability of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with small molecule drugs. The combination of a mAb targeting a cancer-specific antigen with a cytotoxin has tremendous promise as a new type of targeted cancer therapy. Two ADCs have been approved and many more are in clinical development, suggesting that this new class of drugs is coming to the forefront. Because of their unique nature as biologic-small drug hybrids, ADCs are challenging to develop, from both the scientific and regulatory perspectives. This review discusses both these aspects in current practice, and surveys the current state of the art of ADC drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Hamilton
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, United States.
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Protein– and Peptide–Drug Conjugates. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 98:1-55. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Lu D, Jin JY, Girish S, Agarwal P, Li D, Prabhu S, Dere RC, Saad OM, Nazzal D, Koppada N, Ramanujan S, Ng CM. Semi-mechanistic Multiple-Analyte Pharmacokinetic Model for an Antibody-Drug-Conjugate in Cynomolgus Monkeys. Pharm Res 2014; 32:1907-19. [PMID: 25467958 PMCID: PMC4422865 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose A semi-mechanistic multiple-analyte population pharmacokinetics (PK) model was developed to describe the complex relationship between the different analytes of monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) containing antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and to provide insight regarding the major pathways of conjugate elimination and unconjugated MMAE release in vivo. Methods For an anti-CD79b-MMAE ADC the PK of total antibody (Tab), conjugate (evaluated as antibody conjugated MMAE or acMMAE), and unconjugated MMAE were quantified in cynomolgus monkeys for single (0.3, 1, or 3 mg/kg), and multiple doses (3 or 5 mg/kg, every-three-weeks for 4 doses). The PK data of MMAE in cynomolgus monkeys, after intravenous administration of MMAE at single doses (0.03 or 0.063 mg/kg), was included in the analysis. A semi-mechanistic model was developed and parameter estimates were obtained by simultaneously fitting the model to all PK data using a hybrid ITS-MCPEM method. Results The final model well described the observed Tab, acMMAE and unconjugated MMAE concentration-time profiles. Analysis suggested that conjugate is lost via both proteolytic degradation and deconjugation, while unconjugated MMAE in systemic circulation appears to be mainly released via proteolytic degradation of the conjugate. Conclusions Our model improves the understanding of ADC catabolism, which may provide useful insights when designing future ADCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11095-014-1585-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California, 94080, USA,
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Chen Y, Samineni D, Mukadam S, Wong H, Shen BQ, Lu D, Girish S, Hop C, Jin JY, Li C. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling as a Tool to Predict Drug Interactions for Antibody-Drug Conjugates. Clin Pharmacokinet 2014; 54:81-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s40262-014-0182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Perez HL, Cardarelli PM, Deshpande S, Gangwar S, Schroeder GM, Vite GD, Borzilleri RM. Antibody-drug conjugates: current status and future directions. Drug Discov Today 2013; 19:869-81. [PMID: 24239727 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) aim to take advantage of the specificity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to deliver potent cytotoxic drugs selectively to antigen-expressing tumor cells. Despite the simple concept, various parameters must be considered when designing optimal ADCs, such as selection of the appropriate antigen target and conjugation method. Each component of the ADC (the antibody, linker and drug) must also be optimized to fully realize the goal of a targeted therapy with improved efficacy and tolerability. Advancements over the past several decades have led to a new generation of ADCs comprising non-immunogenic mAbs, linkers with balanced stability and highly potent cytotoxic agents. Although challenges remain, recent clinical success has generated intense interest in this therapeutic class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi L Perez
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Pina M Cardarelli
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Shrikant Deshpande
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Sanjeev Gangwar
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | | | - Gregory D Vite
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
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