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Li XT, Peng SY, Feng SM, Bao TY, Li SZ, Li SY. Recent Progress in Phage-Based Nanoplatforms for Tumor Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307111. [PMID: 37806755 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanodrug delivery systems have demonstrated a great potential for tumor therapy with the development of nanotechnology. Nonetheless, traditional drug delivery systems are faced with issues such as complex synthetic procedures, low reproducibility, nonspecific distribution, impenetrability of biological barrier, systemic toxicity, etc. In recent years, phage-based nanoplatforms have attracted increasing attention in tumor treatment for their regular structure, fantastic carrying property, high transduction efficiency and biosafety. Notably, therapeutic or targeting peptides can be expressed on the surface of the phages through phage display technology, enabling the phage vectors to possess multifunctions. As a result, the drug delivery efficiency on tumor will be vastly improved, thereby enhancing the therapeutic efficacy while reducing the side effects on normal tissues. Moreover, phages can overcome the hindrance of biofilm barrier to elicit antitumor effects, which exhibit great advantages compared with traditional synthetic drug delivery systems. Herein, this review not only summarizes the structure and biology of the phages, but also presents their potential as prominent nanoplatforms against tumor in different pathways to inspire the development of effective nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yi Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Mei Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Yu Bao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, the Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Sheng-Zhang Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Shi-Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, P. R. China
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Baldassari S, Balboni A, Drava G, Donghia D, Canepa P, Ailuno G, Caviglioli G. Phytochemicals and Cancer Treatment: Cell-Derived and Biomimetic Vesicles as Promising Carriers. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051445. [PMID: 37242687 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of anticancer agents currently used derive from natural sources: plants, frequently the ones employed in traditional medicines, are an abundant source of mono- and diterpenes, polyphenols, and alkaloids that exert antitumor activity through diverse mechanisms. Unfortunately, many of these molecules are affected by poor pharmacokinetics and limited specificity, shortcomings that may be overcome by incorporating them into nanovehicles. Cell-derived nanovesicles have recently risen to prominence, due to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and, above all, targeting properties. However, due to difficult scalability, the industrial production of biologically-derived vesicles and consequent application in clinics is difficult. As an efficient alternative, bioinspired vesicles deriving from the hybridization of cell-derived and artificial membranes have been conceived, revealing high flexibility and appropriate drug delivery ability. In this review, the most recent advances in the application of these vesicles to the targeted delivery of anticancer actives obtained from plants are presented, with specific focus on vehicle manufacture and characterization, and effectiveness evaluation performed through in vitro and in vivo assays. The emerging overall outlook appears promising in terms of efficient drug loading and selective targeting of tumor cells, suggesting further engrossing developments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Baldassari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Alice Balboni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Giuliana Drava
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela Donghia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Canepa
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ailuno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, 16148 Genova, Italy
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Li F, Yang F, Guan C, Wei P, He D, Li Q, Wang L, Yuan M. Preparation and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Folic Acid-Modified YF8-OA Self-Assembled Lipid Prodrug Nanoparticles. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:452-459. [PMID: 37104639 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2206487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the use of YF8, a matrine derivative obtained through chemical transformation of matrine extracted from Sophora alopecuroides. YF8 has demonstrated improved cytotoxicity compared to matrine, but its hydrophobic nature hinders its application. To overcome this, the lipid prodrug YF8-OA was synthesized by linking oleic acid (OA) to YF8 through an ester bond. Although YF8-OA could self-assemble into unique nanostructures in water, it was not sufficiently stable. To enhance the stability of YF8-OA lipid prodrug nanoparticles (LPs), we employed the strategy of PEGylation using DSPE-mPEG2000 or DSPE-mPEG2000 conjugated with folic acid (FA). This resulted in the formation of uniform spherical nanoparticles with greatly improved stability and a maximum drug load capacity upto 58.63%. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in A549, HeLa, and HepG2 cell lines. The results showed that in HeLa cells, the IC50 value of YF8-OA/LPs with FA-modified PEGylation was significantly lower than that of YF8-OA/LPs modified by PEGylation alone. However, no significant enhancement was observed in A549 and HepG2 cells. In conclusion, the lipid prodrug YF8-OA can form nanoparticles in aqueous solution to address its poor water solubility. Modification with FA resulted in further enhanced cytotoxicity, providing a potential avenue for exerting the antitumor activity of matrine analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Li
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Fangfang Yang
- Guangxi - ASEAN Food Inspection and Testing Center, Nanning, China
| | - Chenxi Guan
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Pengcheng Wei
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Dongqiong He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Zhejiang Jingxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xinchang, China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Mingqing Yuan
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Zhang X, Li N, Zhang G, Li J, Liu Y, Wang M, Ren X. Nano Strategies for Artemisinin Derivatives to Enhance Reverse Efficiency of Multidrug Resistance in Breast Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3458-3466. [PMID: 38270162 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128282248231205105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Artemisinin (ART) has been found to exert anti-tumor activity by regulating the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor invasion and metastasis. Its derivatives (ARTs) can regulate the expression of drug-resistant proteins and reverse the multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumor cells by inhibiting intracellular drug efflux, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of tumor cells, thus enhancing the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recent studies have shown that nanodrugs play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, which can effectively solve the shortcomings of poor hydrophilicity and low bioavailability of ARTs in the human body, prolong the in vivo circulation time, improve the targeting of drugs (including tumor tissues or specific organelles), and control the release of drugs in target tissues, thereby reducing the side effect. This review systematically summarized the latest research progress of nano-strategies of ARTs to enhance the efficiency of MDR reversal in breast cancer (BC) from the following two aspects: (1) Chemicals encapsulated in nanomaterials based on innovative anti-proliferation mechanism: non-ABC transporter receptor candidate related to ferroptosis (dihydroartemisinin/DHA analogs). (2) Combination therapy strategy of nanomedicine (drug-drug combination therapy, drug-gene combination, and chemical-physical therapy). Self-assembled nano-delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy through increased drug loading, rapid reactive release, optimized delivery sequence, and realization of cascade-increasing effects. New nanotechnology methods must be designed for specific delivery routines to achieve targeting administration and overcome MDR without affecting normal cells. The significance of this review is to expect that ART and ARTs can be widely used in clinical practice. In the future, nanotechnology can help people to treat multidrug resistance of breast cancer more accurately and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Guoqin Zhang
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiayang Li
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoliang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Hou DY, Wang MD, Zhang NY, Xu S, Wang ZJ, Hu XJ, Lv GT, Wang JQ, Lv MY, Yi L, Wang L, Cheng DB, Sun T, Wang H, Xu W. A Lysosome-Targeting Self-Condensation Prodrug-Nanoplatform System for Addressing Drug Resistance of Cancer. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3983-3992. [PMID: 35548949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lysosome-targeting self-assembling prodrugs had emerged as an attractive approach to overcome the acquisition of resistance to chemotherapeutics by inhibiting lysosomal sequestration. Taking advantage of lysosomal acidification induced intracellular hydrolytic condensation, we developed a lysosomal-targeting self-condensation prodrug-nanoplatform (LTSPN) system for overcoming lysosome-mediated drug resistance. Briefly, the designed hydroxycamptothecine (HCPT)-silane conjugates self-assembled into silane-based nanoparticles, which were taken up into lysosomes by tumor cells. Subsequently, the integrity of the lysosomal membrane was destructed because of the acid-triggered release of alcohol, wherein the nanoparticles self-condensed into silicon particles outside the lysosome through intracellular hydrolytic condensation. Significantly, the LTSPN system reduced the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of HCPT by approximately 4 times. Furthermore, the LTSPN system realized improved control of large established tumors and reduced regrowth of residual tumors in several drug-resistant tumor models. Our findings suggested that target destructing the integrity of the lysosomal membrane may improve the therapeutic effects of chemotherapeutics, providing a potent treatment strategy for malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Yong Hou
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, Harbin, 150001, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Man-Di Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ni-Yuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shaoxin Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhi-Jia Wang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, Harbin, 150001, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xing-Jie Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Gan-Tian Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jia-Qi Wang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, Harbin, 150001, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Mei-Yu Lv
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, Harbin, 150001, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Li Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, Harbin, 150001, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Dong-Bing Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No.122 LuoshiRoad, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, No.122 LuoshiRoad, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wanhai Xu
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, Harbin, 150001, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
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Managing GSH elevation and hypoxia to overcome resistance of cancer therapies using functionalized nanocarriers. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Zhao J, Song W, Tang Z, Chen X. Macromolecular Effects in Medicinal Chemistry ※. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a21120602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Muthiah G, Jaiswal A. Can the Union of Prodrug Therapy and Nanomedicine Lead to Better Cancer Management? ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giredhar Muthiah
- School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Kamand Mandi Himachal Pradesh 175075 India
| | - Amit Jaiswal
- School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Kamand Mandi Himachal Pradesh 175075 India
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The Antibiofilm Nanosystems for Improved Infection Inhibition of Microbes in Skin. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216392. [PMID: 34770799 PMCID: PMC8587837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor for the opportunistic microorganisms that elicit skin infections. The recalcitrant feature of biofilms and their antibiotic tolerance impose a great challenge on the use of conventional therapies. Most antibacterial agents have difficulty penetrating the matrix produced by a biofilm. One novel approach to address these concerns is to prevent or inhibit the formation of biofilms using nanoparticles. The advantages of using nanosystems for antibiofilm applications include high drug loading efficiency, sustained or prolonged drug release, increased drug stability, improved bioavailability, close contact with bacteria, and enhanced accumulation or targeting to biomasses. Topically applied nanoparticles can act as a strategy for enhancing antibiotic delivery into the skin. Various types of nanoparticles, including metal oxide nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and lipid-based nanoparticles, have been employed for topical delivery to treat biofilm infections on the skin. Moreover, nanoparticles can be designed to combine with external stimuli to produce magnetic, photothermal, or photodynamic effects to ablate the biofilm matrix. This study focuses on advanced antibiofilm approaches based on nanomedicine for treating skin infections. We provide in-depth descriptions on how the nanoparticles could effectively eliminate biofilms and any pathogens inside them. We then describe cases of using nanoparticles for antibiofilm treatment of the skin. Most of the studies included in this review were supported by in vivo animal infection models. This article offers an overview of the benefits of nanosystems for treating biofilms grown on the skin.
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Cyclodextrin Polymers as Delivery Systems for Targeted Anti-Cancer Chemotherapy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196046. [PMID: 34641590 PMCID: PMC8512365 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the few last years, nanosystems have emerged as a potential therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy and selectivity of many drugs. Cyclodextrins (CyDs) and their nanoparticles have been widely investigated as drug delivery systems. The covalent functionalization of CyD polymer nanoparticles with targeting molecules can improve the therapeutic potential of this family of nanosystems. In this study, we investigated cross-linked γ- and β-cyclodextrin polymers as carriers for doxorubicin (ox) and oxaliplatin (Oxa). We also functionalized γ-CyD polymer bearing COOH functionalities with arginine-glycine-aspartic or arginine moieties for targeting the integrin receptors of cancer cells. We tested the Dox and Oxa anti-proliferative activity in the presence of the precursor polymer with COOH functionalities and its derivatives in A549 (lung, carcinoma) and HepG2 (liver, carcinoma) cell lines. We found that CyD polymers can significantly improve the antiproliferative activity of Dox in HepG2 cell lines only, whereas the cytotoxic activity of Oxa resulted as enhanced in both cell lines. The peptide or amino acid functionalized CyD polymers, loaded with Dox, did not show any additional effect compared to the precursor polymer. Finally, studies of Dox uptake showed that the higher antiproliferative activity of complexes correlates with the higher accumulation of Dox inside the cells. The results show that CyD polymers could be used as carriers for repositioning classical anticancer drugs such as Dox or Oxa to increase their antitumor activity.
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Chen KJ, Plaunt AJ, Leifer FG, Kang JY, Cipolla D. Recent advances in prodrug-based nanoparticle therapeutics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 165:219-243. [PMID: 33979661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research into prodrug modification of active pharmaceutical ingredients and nanoparticle drug delivery systems has led to unprecedented levels of control over the pharmacological properties of drugs and resulted in the approval of many prodrug or nanoparticle-based therapies. In recent years, the combination of these two strategies into prodrug-based nanoparticle drug delivery systems (PNDDS) has been explored as a way to further advance nanomedicine and identify novel therapies for difficult-to-treat indications. Many of the PNDDS currently in the clinical development pipeline are expected to enter the market in the coming years, making the rapidly evolving field of PNDDS highly relevant to pharmaceutical scientists. This review paper is intended to introduce PNDDS to the novice reader while also updating those working in the field with a comprehensive summary of recent efforts. To that end, first, an overview of FDA-approved prodrugs is provided to familiarize the reader with their advantages over traditional small molecule drugs and to describe the chemistries that can be used to create them. Because this article is part of a themed issue on nanoparticles, only a brief introduction to nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems is provided summarizing their successful application and unfulfilled opportunities. Finally, the review's centerpiece is a detailed discussion of rationally designed PNDDS formulations in development that successfully leverage the strengths of prodrug and nanoparticle approaches to yield highly effective therapeutic options for the treatment of many diseases.
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Baroud M, Lepeltier E, Thepot S, El-Makhour Y, Duval O. The evolution of nucleosidic analogues: self-assembly of prodrugs into nanoparticles for cancer drug delivery. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2157-2179. [PMID: 36133769 PMCID: PMC9418958 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside and nucleotide analogs are essential tools in our limited arsenal in the fight against cancer. However, these structures face severe drawbacks such as rapid plasma degradation or hydrophilicity, limiting their clinical application. Here, different aspects of nucleoside and nucleotide analogs have been exposed, while providing their shortcomings. Aiming to improve their fate in the body and combating their drawbacks, two different approaches have been discussed, the prodrug and nanocarrier technologies. Finally, a novel approach called "PUFAylation" based on both the prodrug and nanocarrier technologies has been introduced, promising to be the supreme method to create a novel nucleoside or nucleotide analog based formulation, with enhanced efficacy and highly reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Baroud
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021 Angers France
| | - Elise Lepeltier
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021 Angers France
| | - Sylvain Thepot
- University Hospital of Angers, Hematology 49933 Angers France
- Université d'Angers, Inserm, CRCINA 49000 Angers France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire 'Grand Ouest Against Leukemia' (FHU GOAL) France
| | - Yolla El-Makhour
- Environmental Health Research Lab (EHRL), Faculty of Sciences V, Lebanese University Nabatieh Lebanon
| | - Olivier Duval
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021 Angers France
- University Hospital of Angers, Hematology 49933 Angers France
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Jia C, Deacon GB, Zhang Y, Gao C. Platinum(IV) antitumor complexes and their nano-drug delivery. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Skwarecki AS, Nowak MG, Milewska MJ. Synthetic strategies in construction of organic macromolecular carrier-drug conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5764-5783. [PMID: 32677650 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01101k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many metabolic inhibitors, considered potential antimicrobial or anticancer drug candidates, exhibit very limited ability to cross the biological membranes of target cells. The restricted cellular penetration of those molecules is often due to their highhydrophilicity. One of the possible solutions to this problem is a conjugation of an inhibitor with a molecular organic nanocarrier. The conjugate thus formed should be able to penetrate the membrane(s) by direct translocation, endocytosis or active transport mechanisms and once internalized, the active component could reach its intracellular target, either after release from the conjugate or in an intact form. Several such nanocarriers have been proposed so far, including macromolecular systems, carbon nanotubes and dendrimers. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of the current status of rational design and synthesis of macromolecular organic nanocarrier-drug conjugates, with special attention focused on the mode of coupling of a nanocarrier moiety with a "cargo" molecule through linking fragments of non-cleavable or cleavable type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej S Skwarecki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Michał G Nowak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maria J Milewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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