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Limpikirati PK, Mongkoltipparat S, Denchaipradit T, Siwasophonpong N, Pornnopparat W, Ramanandana P, Pianpaktr P, Tongchusak S, Tian MT, Pisitkun T. Basic regulatory science behind drug substance and drug product specifications of monoclonal antibodies and other protein therapeutics. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100916. [PMID: 39035218 PMCID: PMC11259812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we focus on providing basics and examples for each component of the protein therapeutic specifications to interested pharmacists and biopharmaceutical scientists with a goal to strengthen understanding in regulatory science and compliance. Pharmaceutical specifications comprise a list of important quality attributes for testing, references to use for test procedures, and appropriate acceptance criteria for the tests, and they are set up to ensure that when a drug product is administered to a patient, its intended therapeutic benefits and safety can be rendered appropriately. Conformance of drug substance or drug product to the specifications is achieved by testing an article according to the listed tests and analytical methods and obtaining test results that meet the acceptance criteria. Quality attributes are chosen to be tested based on their quality risk, and consideration should be given to the merit of the analytical methods which are associated with the acceptance criteria of the specifications. Acceptance criteria are set forth primarily based on efficacy and safety profiles, with an increasing attention noted for patient-centric specifications. Discussed in this work are related guidelines that support the biopharmaceutical specification setting, how to set the acceptance criteria, and examples of the quality attributes and the analytical methods from 60 articles and 23 pharmacopeial monographs. Outlooks are also explored on process analytical technologies and other orthogonal tools which are on-trend in biopharmaceutical characterization and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patanachai K. Limpikirati
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (PST) Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology (CUSB), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sorrayut Mongkoltipparat
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thinnaphat Denchaipradit
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nathathai Siwasophonpong
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wudthipong Pornnopparat
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Parawan Ramanandana
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (PST) Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology (CUSB), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Bang Phli, Samut Prakan, 10540, Thailand
| | - Phumrapee Pianpaktr
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology (PST) Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology (CUSB), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Songsak Tongchusak
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology (CUSB), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Maoxin Tim Tian
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology (CUSB), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology (CUSB), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Division of Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Taylor CJ, Pomberger A, Felton KC, Grainger R, Barecka M, Chamberlain TW, Bourne RA, Johnson CN, Lapkin AA. A Brief Introduction to Chemical Reaction Optimization. Chem Rev 2023; 123:3089-3126. [PMID: 36820880 PMCID: PMC10037254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
From the start of a synthetic chemist's training, experiments are conducted based on recipes from textbooks and manuscripts that achieve clean reaction outcomes, allowing the scientist to develop practical skills and some chemical intuition. This procedure is often kept long into a researcher's career, as new recipes are developed based on similar reaction protocols, and intuition-guided deviations are conducted through learning from failed experiments. However, when attempting to understand chemical systems of interest, it has been shown that model-based, algorithm-based, and miniaturized high-throughput techniques outperform human chemical intuition and achieve reaction optimization in a much more time- and material-efficient manner; this is covered in detail in this paper. As many synthetic chemists are not exposed to these techniques in undergraduate teaching, this leads to a disproportionate number of scientists that wish to optimize their reactions but are unable to use these methodologies or are simply unaware of their existence. This review highlights the basics, and the cutting-edge, of modern chemical reaction optimization as well as its relation to process scale-up and can thereby serve as a reference for inspired scientists for each of these techniques, detailing several of their respective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J. Taylor
- Astex
Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K.
- Innovation
Centre in Digital Molecular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Alexander Pomberger
- Innovation
Centre in Digital Molecular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Kobi C. Felton
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.
| | - Rachel Grainger
- Astex
Pharmaceuticals, 436 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0QA, U.K.
| | - Magda Barecka
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Chemistry
and Chemical Biology Department, Northeastern
University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Cambridge
Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602 Singapore
| | - Thomas W. Chamberlain
- Institute
of Process Research and Development, School of Chemistry and School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Richard A. Bourne
- Institute
of Process Research and Development, School of Chemistry and School
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | | | - Alexei A. Lapkin
- Innovation
Centre in Digital Molecular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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3
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Đorđević S, Gonzalez MM, Conejos-Sánchez I, Carreira B, Pozzi S, Acúrcio RC, Satchi-Fainaro R, Florindo HF, Vicent MJ. Current hurdles to the translation of nanomedicines from bench to the clinic. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:500-525. [PMID: 34302274 PMCID: PMC8300981 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-01024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of nanomedicine has significantly influenced research areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, theranostics, and regenerative medicine; however, the further development of this field will face significant challenges at the regulatory level if related guidance remains unclear and unconsolidated. This review describes those features and pathways crucial to the clinical translation of nanomedicine and highlights considerations for early-stage product development. These include identifying those critical quality attributes of the drug product essential for activity and safety, appropriate analytical methods (physical, chemical, biological) for characterization, important process parameters, and adequate pre-clinical models. Additional concerns include the evaluation of batch-to-batch consistency and considerations regarding scaling up that will ensure a successful reproducible manufacturing process. Furthermore, we advise close collaboration with regulatory agencies from the early stages of development to assure an aligned position to accelerate the development of future nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Đorđević
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Av, Spain
| | - María Medel Gonzalez
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Av, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Conejos-Sánchez
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Av, Spain
| | - Barbara Carreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sabina Pozzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rita C Acúrcio
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Helena F Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - María J Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Av, Spain.
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Taylor CJ, Baker A, Chapman MR, Reynolds WR, Jolley KE, Clemens G, Smith GE, Blacker AJ, Chamberlain TW, Christie SDR, Taylor BA, Bourne RA. Flow chemistry for process optimisation using design of experiments. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-020-00135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AbstractImplementing statistical training into undergraduate or postgraduate chemistry courses can provide high-impact learning experiences for students. However, the opportunity to reinforce this training with a combined laboratory practical can significantly enhance learning outcomes by providing a practical bolstering of the concepts. This paper outlines a flow chemistry laboratory practical for integrating design of experiments optimisation techniques into an organic chemistry laboratory session in which students construct a simple flow reactor and perform a structured series of experiments followed by computational processing and analysis of the results.
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5
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Gerstweiler L, Bi J, Middelberg AP. Continuous downstream bioprocessing for intensified manufacture of biopharmaceuticals and antibodies. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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6
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Wee H, Koo K, Bae E, Lee T. Quality by Design approaches to assessing the robustness of tangential flow filtration for MAb. Biologicals 2020; 63:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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7
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Bertrand V, Karst DJ, Bachmann A, Cantalupo K, Soos M, Morbidelli M. Transcriptome and proteome analysis of steady-state in a perfusion CHO cell culture process. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1959-1972. [PMID: 30997936 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Long-term continuous protein production can be reached by perfusion operation. Through the continuous removal of waste metabolites and supply of nutrients, steady-state (SS) conditions are achieved after a certain transient period, where the conditions inside the reactor are not only uniform in space but also constant in time. Such stable conditions may have beneficial influences on the reduction of product heterogeneities. In this study, we investigated the impact of perfusion cultivation on the intracellular physiological state of a CHO cell line producing a monoclonal antibody (mAb) by global transcriptomics and proteomics. Despite stable viable cell density was maintained right from the beginning of the cultivation time, productivity decrease, and a transition phase for metabolites and product quality was observed before reaching SS conditions. These were traced back to three sources of transient behaviors being hydrodynamic flow rates, intracellular dynamics of gene expression as well as metabolism and cell line instability, superimposing each other. However, 99.4% of all transcripts and proteins reached SS during the first week or were at SS from the beginning. These results demonstrate that the stable extracellular conditions of perfusion lead to SS also of the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Bertrand
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel J Karst
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Bachmann
- RBM S.p.A. Istituto di Ricerche Biomediche A.Marxer, Merck, Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Cantalupo
- RBM S.p.A. Istituto di Ricerche Biomediche A.Marxer, Merck, Rome, Italy
| | - Miroslav Soos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Baradez MO, Biziato D, Hassan E, Marshall D. Application of Raman Spectroscopy and Univariate Modelling As a Process Analytical Technology for Cell Therapy Bioprocessing. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:47. [PMID: 29556497 PMCID: PMC5844923 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies offer unquestionable promises for the treatment, and in some cases even the cure, of complex diseases. As we start to see more of these therapies gaining market authorization, attention is turning to the bioprocesses used for their manufacture, in particular the challenge of gaining higher levels of process control to help regulate cell behavior, manage process variability, and deliver product of a consistent quality. Many processes already incorporate the measurement of key markers such as nutrient consumption, metabolite production, and cell concentration, but these are often performed off-line and only at set time points in the process. Having the ability to monitor these markers in real-time using in-line sensors would offer significant advantages, allowing faster decision-making and a finer level of process control. In this study, we use Raman spectroscopy as an in-line optical sensor for bioprocess monitoring of an autologous T-cell immunotherapy model produced in a stirred tank bioreactor system. Using reference datasets generated on a standard bioanalyzer, we develop chemometric models from the Raman spectra for glucose, glutamine, lactate, and ammonia. These chemometric models can accurately monitor donor-specific increases in nutrient consumption and metabolite production as the primary T-cell transition from a recovery phase and begin proliferating. Using a univariate modeling approach, we then show how changes in peak intensity within the Raman spectra can be correlated with cell concentration and viability. These models, which act as surrogate markers, can be used to monitor cell behavior including cell proliferation rates, proliferative capacity, and transition of the cells to a quiescent phenotype. Finally, using the univariate models, we also demonstrate how Raman spectroscopy can be applied for real-time monitoring. The ability to measure these key parameters using an in-line Raman optical sensor makes it possible to have immediate feedback on process performance. This could help significantly improve cell therapy bioprocessing by allowing proactive decision-making based on real-time process data. Going forward, these types of in-line sensors also open up opportunities to improve bioprocesses further through concepts such as adaptive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Enas Hassan
- Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Kyriakopoulos S, Ang KS, Lakshmanan M, Huang Z, Yoon S, Gunawan R, Lee DY. Kinetic Modeling of Mammalian Cell Culture Bioprocessing: The Quest to Advance Biomanufacturing. Biotechnol J 2017; 13:e1700229. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarantos Kyriakopoulos
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science; Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore
| | - Kok Siong Ang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science; Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore
| | - Meiyappan Lakshmanan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science; Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore
| | - Zhuangrong Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Massachusetts Lowell; Lowell MA USA
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Massachusetts Lowell; Lowell MA USA
| | - Rudiyanto Gunawan
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering; ETH Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - Dong-Yup Lee
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science; Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; National University of Singapore; Singapore
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10
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Quality-by-design of nanopharmaceuticals – a state of the art. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:2151-2157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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McGillicuddy N, Floris P, Albrecht S, Bones J. Examining the sources of variability in cell culture media used for biopharmaceutical production. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 40:5-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Brown AJ, Kalsi D, Fernandez-Martell A, Cartwright J, Barber NOW, Patel YD, Turner R, Bryant CL, Johari YB, James DC. Expression Systems for Recombinant Biopharmaceutical Production by Mammalian Cells in Culture. METHODS AND PRINCIPLES IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527699124.ch13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Brown
- University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Mappin St. Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Devika Kalsi
- University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Mappin St. Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | | | - Joe Cartwright
- University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Mappin St. Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Nicholas O. W. Barber
- University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Mappin St. Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Yash D. Patel
- University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Mappin St. Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | | | - Claire L. Bryant
- University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Mappin St. Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Yusuf B. Johari
- University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Mappin St. Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - David C. James
- University of Sheffield; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Mappin St. Sheffield S1 3JD UK
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13
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N. Politis S, Colombo P, Colombo G, M. Rekkas D. Design of experiments (DoE) in pharmaceutical development. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:889-901. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1291672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stavros N. Politis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paolo Colombo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- PlumeStars s.r.l., Parma, Italy
| | - Gaia Colombo
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dimitrios M. Rekkas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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14
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Salazar-Fontana LI, Desai DD, Khan TA, Pillutla RC, Prior S, Ramakrishnan R, Schneider J, Joseph A. Approaches to Mitigate the Unwanted Immunogenicity of Therapeutic Proteins during Drug Development. AAPS JOURNAL 2017; 19:377-385. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-0030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Spearman M, Chan S, Jung V, Kowbel V, Mendoza M, Miranda V, Butler M. Components of yeast (Sacchromyces cervisiae) extract as defined media additives that support the growth and productivity of CHO cells. J Biotechnol 2016; 233:129-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Choi G, Le TH, Shin S. A new multidimensional design space identification method for a quality-oriented drug development process. TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT & BUSINESS EXCELLENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14783363.2016.1187999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Liu X, Yang Y, Zhang W, Sun Y, Peng F, Jeffrey L, Harvey L, McNeil B, Bai Z. Expression of recombinant protein using Corynebacterium Glutamicum: progress, challenges and applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:652-64. [PMID: 25714007 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1004519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum (C. glutamicum) is a highly promising alternative prokaryotic host for recombinant protein expression, as it possesses several significant advantages over Escherichia coli (E. coli), the currently leading bacterial protein expression system. During the past decades, several experimental techniques and vector components for genetic manipulation of C. glutamicum have been developed and validated, including strong promoters for tightly regulating target gene expression, various types of plasmid vectors, protein secretion systems and methods of genetically modifying the host strain genome to improve protein production potential. This review critically discusses current progress in establishing C. glutamicum as a host for recombinant protein expression, and examines, in depth, some successful case studies of actual application of this expression system. The established "expression tool box" for developing novel constructs based on C. glutamicum as a host are also evaluated. Finally, the existing issues and solutions in process development with C. glutamicum as a host are specifically addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxia Liu
- a National Engineering Laboratory of Cereal Fermentation Technology , School of Biotechnology, JiangNan University , Wuxi , China and
| | - Yankun Yang
- a National Engineering Laboratory of Cereal Fermentation Technology , School of Biotechnology, JiangNan University , Wuxi , China and
| | - Wei Zhang
- a National Engineering Laboratory of Cereal Fermentation Technology , School of Biotechnology, JiangNan University , Wuxi , China and
| | - Yang Sun
- a National Engineering Laboratory of Cereal Fermentation Technology , School of Biotechnology, JiangNan University , Wuxi , China and
| | - Feng Peng
- a National Engineering Laboratory of Cereal Fermentation Technology , School of Biotechnology, JiangNan University , Wuxi , China and
| | - Laura Jeffrey
- b Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Strathclyde University , Glasgow , UK
| | - Linda Harvey
- b Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Strathclyde University , Glasgow , UK
| | - Brian McNeil
- b Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Strathclyde University , Glasgow , UK
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- a National Engineering Laboratory of Cereal Fermentation Technology , School of Biotechnology, JiangNan University , Wuxi , China and
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