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Nguyen TTK, Pham KY, Yook S. Engineered therapeutic proteins for sustained-release drug delivery systems. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:131-154. [PMID: 37717712 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Proteins play a vital role in diverse biological processes in the human body, and protein therapeutics have been applied to treat different diseases such as cancers, genetic disorders, autoimmunity, and inflammation. Protein therapeutics have demonstrated their advantages, such as specific pharmaceutical effects, low toxicity, and strong solubility. However, several disadvantages arise in clinical applications, including short half-life, immunogenicity, and low permeation, leading to reduced drug effectiveness. The structure of protein therapeutics can be modified to increase molecular size, leading to prolonged stability and increased plasma half-life. Notably, the controlled-release delivery systems for the sustained release of protein drugs and preserving the stability of cargo proteins are envisioned as a potential approach to overcome these challenges. In this review, we summarize recent research progress related to structural modifications (PEGylation, glycosylation, poly amino acid modification, and molecular biology-based strategies) and promising long-term delivery systems, such as polymer-based systems (injectable gel/implants, microparticles, nanoparticles, micro/nanogels, functional polymers), lipid-based systems (liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers), and inorganic nanoparticles exploited for protein therapeutics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this review, we highlight recent advances concerning modifying proteins directly to enhance their stability and functionality and discuss state-of-the-art methods for the delivery and controlled long-term release of active protein therapeutics to their target site. In terms of drug modifications, four widely used strategies, including PEGylation, poly amino acid modification, glycosylation, and genetic, are discussed. As for drug delivery systems, we emphasize recent progress relating to polymer-based systems, lipid-based systems developed, and inorganic nanoparticles for protein sustained-release delivery. This review points out the areas requiring focused research attention before the full potential of protein therapeutics for human health and disease can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoa Thi Kim Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Khang-Yen Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
| | - Simmyung Yook
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Deissová T, Zapletalová M, Kunovský L, Kroupa R, Grolich T, Kala Z, Bořilová Linhartová P, Lochman J. 16S rRNA gene primer choice impacts off-target amplification in human gastrointestinal tract biopsies and microbiome profiling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12577. [PMID: 37537336 PMCID: PMC10400661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39575-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
16S rRNA amplicon sequencing or, more recently, metatranscriptomic analysis are currently the only preferred methods for microbial profiling of samples containing a predominant ratio of human to bacterial DNA. However, due to the off-target amplification of human DNA, current protocols are inadequate for bioptic samples. Here we present an efficient, reliable, and affordable method for the bacteriome analysis of clinical samples human DNA content predominates. We determined the microbiota profile in a total of 40 human biopsies of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing with the widely used 515F-806R (V4) primers targeting the V4 region, 68F-338R primers and a modified set of 68F-338R (V1-V2M) primers targeting the V1-V2 region. With the V4 primers, on average 70% of amplicon sequence variants (ASV) mapped to the human genome. On the other hand, this off-target amplification was absent when using the V1-V2M primers. Moreover, the V1-V2M primers provided significantly higher taxonomic richness and reproducibility of analysis compared to the V4 primers. We conclude that the V1-V2M 16S rRNA sequencing method is reliable, cost-effective, and applicable for low-bacterial abundant human samples in medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Deissová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 735/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Zapletalová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 735/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lumír Kunovský
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk, University, Jihlavská 20, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Kroupa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk, University, Jihlavská 20, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Grolich
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk, University, Jihlavská 20, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kala
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Bořilová Linhartová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lochman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 735/5, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Bloom SMK, O’Hare N, Forbes NS. Bacterial delivery of therapeutic proteins to the nuclei of cancer cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:1437-1448. [PMID: 36710503 PMCID: PMC10101893 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Targeting nucleic targets with therapeutic proteins would enhance the treatment of hard-to-treat cancers. However, exogenous proteins are excluded from the nucleus by both the cellular and nuclear membranes. We have recently developed Salmonella that deliver active proteins into the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Here, we hypothesized that bacterially delivered proteins accumulate within nuclei, nuclear localization sequences (NLSs) increase delivery, and bacterially delivered proteins kill cancer cells. To test this hypothesis, we developed intranuclear delivering (IND) Salmonella and quantified the delivery of three model proteins. IND Salmonella delivered both ovalbumin and green fluorescent protein to nuclei of MCF7 cancer cells. The amount of protein in nuclei was linearly dependent on the amount delivered to the cytoplasm. The addition of a NLSs increased both the amount of protein in each nucleus and the number of nuclei that received protein. Delivery of Omomyc, a protein inhibitor of the nuclear transcript factor, Myc, altered cell physiology, and significantly induced cell death. These results show that IND Salmonella deliver functional proteins to the nucleus of cancerous cells. Extending this method to other transcription factors will increase the number of accessible targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas O’Hare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Neil S. Forbes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
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4
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Shih CP, Tang X, Kuo CW, Chueh DY, Chen P. Design principles of bioinspired interfaces for biomedical applications in therapeutics and imaging. Front Chem 2022; 10:990171. [PMID: 36405322 PMCID: PMC9673126 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.990171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, we have witnessed rapid developments in nanotechnology, especially in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, biosensing, and bioimaging. The most commonly used nanomaterials in biomedical applications are nanoparticles, which serve as carriers for various therapeutic and contrast reagents. Since nanomaterials are in direct contact with biological samples, biocompatibility is one of the most important issues for the fabrication and synthesis of nanomaterials for biomedical applications. To achieve specific recognition of biomolecules for targeted delivery and biomolecular sensing, it is common practice to engineer the surfaces of nanomaterials with recognition moieties. This mini-review summarizes different approaches for engineering the interfaces of nanomaterials to improve their biocompatibility and specific recognition properties. We also focus on design strategies that mimic biological systems such as cell membranes of red blood cells, leukocytes, platelets, cancer cells, and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Pei Shih
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung Wen Kuo
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Di-Yen Chueh
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peilin Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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5
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Gorobets S, Gorobets O, Kovalova S. Bioinformatic Analysis of the Genetic Mechanism of Biomineralization of Biogenic Magnetic Nanoparticles in Bacteria Capable of Tumor-Specific Accumulation. INNOVATIVE BIOSYSTEMS AND BIOENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.20535/ibb.2022.6.2.260183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Current methods of targeted cancer therapy are not always effective enough and can lead to side effects, such as an increased risk of autoimmune diseases. It is known that some bacteria are capable of specific accumulation in malignant tumors, and therefore can be used as an alternative means of targeted drug delivery. However, the genetic mechanism of tumor-specific accumulation of bacteria is not fully understood and needs to be studied in more detail.
Objective. This work aims to identify, by methods of comparative genomics methods, magnetically controlled bacteria among those for which tumor-specific accumulation has already been experimentally shown.
Methods. To identify magnetically controlled bacterial strains, i.e., bacteria that biomineralize biogenic magnetic nanoparticles (BMN), the method of comparative genomics was used, namely: pairwise alignment of proteomes with amino acid sequences of Mam-proteins of required for biomineralization of BMN in magnetotactic bacteria Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1. Sequence alignments were performed in the BLAST program of the US National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
Results. The conducted bioinformatic analysis showed that strains of bacteria in which the ability to accumulate specifically in tumors has been experimentally proven are potential producers of BMN of different types. Among them there are potential producers of intracellular crystalline BMN, potential producers of intracellular amorphous BMN, and extracellular crystalline BMN
Conclusions. It is expedient to use bacteria-producing BMN as gene vectors and systems of targeted drug delivery to tumors that biomineralize BMN.
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Divyashree M, Prakash SK, Aditya V, Aljabali AA, Alzahrani KJ, Azevedo V, Góes-Neto A, Tambuwala MM, Barh D. Bugs as drugs: neglected but a promising future therapeutic strategy in cancer. Future Oncol 2022; 18:1609-1626. [PMID: 35137604 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective cancer treatment is an urgent need due to the rising incidence of cancer. One of the most promising future strategies in cancer treatment is using microorganisms as cancer indicators, prophylactic agents, immune activators, vaccines or vectors in antitumor therapy. The success of bacteria-mediated chemotherapy will be dependent on the balance of therapeutic benefit and the control of bacterial infection in the body. Additionally, protozoans and viruses have the potential to be used in cancer therapy. This review summarizes how these microorganisms interact with tumor microenvironments and the challenges of a 'bugs as drugs' approach in cancer therapy. Several standpoints are discussed, such as bacteria as vectors for gene therapy that shuttle therapeutic compounds into tumor tissues, their intrinsic antitumor activities and their combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Bug-based cancer therapy is a two-edged sword and we need to find the opportunities by overcoming the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithoor Divyashree
- Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama K Prakash
- K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Vankadari Aditya
- Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Alaa Aa Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University-Faculty of Pharmacy, Irbid, 566, Jordan
| | - Khalid J Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular & Computational Biology of Fungi Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP, 31270-901, Brazil.,Institute of Integrative Omics & Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur WB, 721172, India
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7
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Bacteria and bacterial derivatives as delivery carriers for immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114085. [PMID: 34933064 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the role of microorganisms in human health and disease, with evidence showing that new types of biotherapy using engineered bacterial therapeutics, including bacterial derivatives, can address specific mechanisms of disease. The complex interactions between microorganisms and metabolic/immunologic pathways underlie many diseases with unmet medical needs, suggesting that targeting these interactions may improve patient treatment. Using tools from synthetic biology and chemical engineering, non-pathogenic bacteria or bacterial products can be programmed and designed to sense and respond to environmental signals to deliver therapeutic effectors. This review describes current progress in biotherapy using live bacteria and their derivatives to achieve therapeutic benefits against various diseases.
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8
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Gaur G, Sawant JY, Chavan AS, Khatri VA, Liu YH, Zhang M, Sapi E. Effect of Invasion of Borrelia burgdorferi in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Epithelial Cells. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111295. [PMID: 34827233 PMCID: PMC8614906 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme Disease, is known to be able to disseminate and colonize various organs and tissues of its hosts, which is very crucial for its pathogenicity and survival. Recent studies have shown the presence of B. burgdorferi DNA in various breast cancer tissues, in some with poor prognosis, which raises the question about whether B. burgdorferi can interact with mammary epithelial cells and could have any effect on their physiology, including tumorigenic processes. As the model in this study, we have used MCF 10A normal and MDA-MB-231 tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells and infected both cell lines with B. burgdorferi. Our immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy results showed that B. burgdorferi is capable of invading normal epithelial and breast carcinoma cell lines within 24 h; however, the infection rate for the breast carcinoma cell lines was significantly higher. While the infection of epithelial cells with B. burgdorferi did not cause any changes in cell proliferation rates, it showed a significant effect on the invasion and migratory capacity of the breast cancer cells, but not on the normal epithelial cells, as determined by Matrigel invasion and wound healing assays. We have also found that the levels of expression of several epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (fibronectin, vimentin, and Twist1/2) changed, with a significant increase in tissue remodeling marker (MMP-9) in MDA-MB-231 cells demonstrated by quantitative Western blot analyses. This observation further confirmed that B. burgdorferi infection can affect the in vitro migratory and invasive properties of MDA-MB-231 tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells. In summary, our results suggest that B. burgdorferi can invade breast cancer tumor cells and it can increase their tumorigenic phenotype, which urges the need for further studies on whether B. burgdorferi could have any role in breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Gaur
- Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, GH 104A, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (G.G.); (J.Y.S.); (A.S.C.); (V.A.K.); (Y.-H.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Janhavi Y. Sawant
- Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, GH 104A, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (G.G.); (J.Y.S.); (A.S.C.); (V.A.K.); (Y.-H.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Ankita S. Chavan
- Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, GH 104A, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (G.G.); (J.Y.S.); (A.S.C.); (V.A.K.); (Y.-H.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Vishwa A. Khatri
- Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, GH 104A, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (G.G.); (J.Y.S.); (A.S.C.); (V.A.K.); (Y.-H.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Yueh-Hsin Liu
- Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, GH 104A, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (G.G.); (J.Y.S.); (A.S.C.); (V.A.K.); (Y.-H.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Min Zhang
- Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, GH 104A, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (G.G.); (J.Y.S.); (A.S.C.); (V.A.K.); (Y.-H.L.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Criminal Justice, Coppin State University, Baltimore, MD 21216, USA
| | - Eva Sapi
- Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, GH 104A, West Haven, CT 06516, USA; (G.G.); (J.Y.S.); (A.S.C.); (V.A.K.); (Y.-H.L.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-203-479-4552
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9
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Wang L, Qin W, Xu W, Huang F, Xie X, Wang F, Ma L, Zhang C. Bacteria-Mediated Tumor Therapy via Photothermally-Programmed Cytolysin A Expression. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102932. [PMID: 34472212 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
By leveraging the ability of bacteria to express therapeutic protein cytolysin A (ClyA) through plasmid transformation, a thermally-activated biohybrid (TAB@Au) is constructed by biomineralizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the E. coli surface. Due to the feature of anaerobic bacteria homing to tumor microenvironments, the bacteria-based antitumor vehicles can be efficaciously accumulated at tumor sites. Under NIR laser irradiation, the biomineralized AuNPs harvest transdermal photons and convert them into local heat for photothermal therapy. After that, the produced heat elicits the expression of ClyA for killing tumor cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments verify the conception that the current therapeutic modality greatly inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. In terms of the spatial specificity and non-invasiveness of NIR laser, the bacteria-based phototherapy represents an appealing way for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Qin
- Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Fan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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10
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Chiang CJ, Hong YH. In situ delivery of biobutyrate by probiotic Escherichia coli for cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18172. [PMID: 34518590 PMCID: PMC8438071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Butyrate has a bioactive function to reduce carcinogenesis. To achieve targeted cancer therapy, this study developed bacterial cancer therapy (BCT) with butyrate as a payload. By metabolic engineering, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) was reprogrammed to synthesize butyrate (referred to as biobutyrate) and designated EcN-BUT. The adopted strategy includes construction of a synthetic pathway for biobutyrate and the rational design of central metabolism to increase the production of biobutyrate at the expense of acetate. With glucose, EcN-BUT produced primarily biobutyrate under the hypoxic condition. Furthermore, human colorectal cancer cell was administrated with the produced biobutyrate. It caused the cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and induced the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway independent of p53. In the tumor-bearing mice, the injected EcN-BUT exhibited tumor-specific colonization and significantly reduced the tumor volume by 70%. Overall, this study opens a new avenue for BCT based on biobutyrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Jen Chiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan, 40402.
| | - Yan-Hong Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, 40724
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11
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Huang F, Shu Q, Qin Z, Tian J, Su Z, Huang Y, Gao M. Anticancer Actions of Azurin and Its Derived Peptide p28. Protein J 2020; 39:182-189. [PMID: 32180097 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-020-09891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancers are a great threat to humans. In cancer therapy, surgical removal of the tumor combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the most routine treatment procedure and usually the most effective. However, radiotherapy and chemotherapy drugs that kill cancer cells efficiently also kill normal cells, thus exhibiting large side effects. Cancer-targeted drugs, which aim to specifically recognize proteins or signaling pathways associated with tumor proliferation and migration, have achieved marked progress in recent years. Azurin is a copper-containing redox protein secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Azurin and its derived peptide p28 preferentially enter a variety of cancer cells and induce apoptosis or cell cycle arrest. Mechanistic studies revealed that azurin and p28 target the p53 and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways as well as other pathways. Two phase I trials of p28 have been carried out, with findings that p28 is safe and exhibits anticancer activity in both adult and pediatric patients. In this review paper, we provide an up-to-date summary of progress on the anticancer mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for azurin and p28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianhui Shu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaojie Qin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianglin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengding Su
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, Hubei, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Azizian K, Pustokhina I, Ghanavati R, Hamblin MR, Amini A, Kouhsari E. The potential use of theranostic bacteria in cancer. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4184-4194. [PMID: 33174198 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy approaches have not been fully successful in the treatment of cancer, due to limitations imposed by the pathophysiology of solid tumors, leading to nonspecific drug uptake by healthy cells, poor bioavailability, and toxicity. Thus, novel therapeutic modalities for more efficient cancer treatment are urgently required. Living bacteria can be used as a theranostic approach for the simultaneous diagnosis and therapy of tumors. Herein, we summarize the currently available literature focused on the advantages and challenges for the use of theranostic bacteria in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Azizian
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Inna Pustokhina
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Abolfazl Amini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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13
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Evaluations of CRC2631 toxicity, tumor colonization, and genetic stability in the TRAMP prostate cancer model. Oncotarget 2020; 11:3943-3958. [PMID: 33216833 PMCID: PMC7646835 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional cancer chemotherapies are not fully efficacious and do not target tumors, leading to significant treatment-related morbidities. A number of genetically attenuated cancer-targeting bacteria are being developed to safely target tumors in vivo. Here we report the toxicological, tumor-targeting, and efficacy profiles of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CRC2631 in a syngeneic and autochthonous TRAMP model of aggressive prostate cancer. CRC2631 preferentially colonize primary and metastatic tumors in the TRAMP animals. In addition, longitudinal whole genome sequencing studies of CRC2631 recovered from prostate tumor tissues demonstrate that CRC2631 is genetically stable. Moreover, tumor-targeted CRC2631 generates an anti-tumor immune response. Combination of CRC2631 with checkpoint blockade reduces metastasis burden. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a potential for CRC2631 in cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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14
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Hauk P, Stephens K, Virgile C, VanArsdale E, Pottash AE, Schardt JS, Jay SM, Sintim HO, Bentley WE. Homologous Quorum Sensing Regulatory Circuit: A Dual-Input Genetic Controller for Modulating Quorum Sensing-Mediated Protein Expression in E. coli. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:2692-2702. [PMID: 32822530 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We developed a hybrid synthetic circuit that co-opts the genetic regulation of the native bacterial quorum sensing autoinducer-2 and imposes an extra external controller for maintaining tightly controlled gene expression. This dual-input genetic controller was mathematically modeled and, by design, can be operated in three modes: a constitutive mode that enables consistent and high levels of expression; a tightly repressed mode in which there is very little background expression; and an inducible mode in which concentrations of two signals (arabinose and autoinducer-2) determine the net amplification of the gene(s)-of-interest. We demonstrate the utility of the circuit for the controlled expression of human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor in an engineered probiotic E. coli. This dual-input genetic controller is the first homologous AI-2 quorum sensing circuit that has the ability to be operated in three different modes. We believe it has the potential for wide-ranging biotechnological applications due its versatile features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pricila Hauk
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Kristina Stephens
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Chelsea Virgile
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Eric VanArsdale
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Alex Eli Pottash
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - John S. Schardt
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Steven M. Jay
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - William E. Bentley
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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15
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Sawant SS, Patil SM, Gupta V, Kunda NK. Microbes as Medicines: Harnessing the Power of Bacteria in Advancing Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207575. [PMID: 33066447 PMCID: PMC7589870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional anti-cancer therapy involves the use of chemical chemotherapeutics and radiation and are often non-specific in action. The development of drug resistance and the inability of the drug to penetrate the tumor cells has been a major pitfall in current treatment. This has led to the investigation of alternative anti-tumor therapeutics possessing greater specificity and efficacy. There is a significant interest in exploring the use of microbes as potential anti-cancer medicines. The inherent tropism of the bacteria for hypoxic tumor environment and its ability to be genetically engineered as a vector for gene and drug therapy has led to the development of bacteria as a potential weapon against cancer. In this review, we will introduce bacterial anti-cancer therapy with an emphasis on the various mechanisms involved in tumor targeting and tumor suppression. The bacteriotherapy approaches in conjunction with the conventional cancer therapy can be effective in designing novel cancer therapies. We focus on the current progress achieved in bacterial cancer therapies that show potential in advancing existing cancer treatment options and help attain positive clinical outcomes with minimal systemic side-effects.
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16
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Liao Y, Zhang Y, Blum NT, Lin J, Huang P. Biomimetic hybrid membrane-based nanoplatforms: synthesis, properties and biomedical applications. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:1293-1302. [PMID: 32608425 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00267d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The rapid clearance and capture by the immune system pose a big challenge in targeted drug delivery using nanocarriers. Cell membrane coating endows nanoplatforms with prolonged blood circulation, enhanced immune escape, and improved targeting capability. However, monotypic cell membrane fails to meet the omnifarious needs of biomedical applications. The combination of different types of cell membranes provides a promising solution to provide multifunctional biomimetic nanoplatforms. In this review, we first discuss the feasibility of constructing biomimetic hybrid membranes and summarize current methods of preparing biomimetic hybrid membrane-based nanoplatforms (BHMNs) and their biomedical applications including drug delivery, cancer detection, detoxification, and cancer vaccines. Finally, the prospects and challenges of utilizing BHMNs for personalized medicine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Liao
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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17
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Lim D, Jung WC, Jeong JH, Song M. Targeted Delivery of the Mitochondrial Target Domain of Noxa to Tumor Tissue via Synthetic Secretion System in E. coli. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:840. [PMID: 32766235 PMCID: PMC7379172 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of drugs is a key aspect of the successful treatment of serious conditions such as tumors. In the pursuit of accurate delivery with high specificity and low size limit for peptide drugs, a synthetic type 3 secretion system (T3SS) has been repurposed from a native genetic system encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity island-1 (SPI-1) with no virulence effectors. Here, we tested the potential of synthetic T3SS as drug delivery machinery for peptide-based drugs owing to its modular nature. First, the genetic system for synthetic T3SS was introduced into non-native host E. coli, which was chosen for its lack of Salmonella-driven virulence factors. Next, the mitochondrial targeting domain (MTD) of Noxa was tested as a cargo protein with anti-tumor activity. To this end, the gene encoding MTD was engineered for secretion through synthetic T3SS, thereby resulting in the tagged MTD at the N-terminus. When E. coli carrying synthetic T3SS and MTD on plasmids was administered into tumor-bearing mice, MTD with a secretion tag at the N-terminus was clearly detected in the tumor tissue after induction. Also, the tumor growth and mortality of tumor-bearing animals were mitigated by the cytotoxic activity of the delivered. Thus, this work potentiates the use of biotherapeutic bacteria for the treatment of tumors by implanting a dedicated delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daejin Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Woong Chae Jung
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Miryoung Song
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, South Korea
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18
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Engineering the gut microbiota to treat chronic diseases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:7657-7671. [PMID: 32696297 PMCID: PMC7484268 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbes play vital roles in host health and disease. A number of commensal bacteria have been used as vectors for genetic engineering to create living therapeutics. This review highlights recent advances in engineering gut bacteria for the treatment of chronic diseases such as metabolic diseases, cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases, and autoimmune disorders. KEY POINTS: • Bacterial homing to tumors has been exploited to deliver therapeutics in mice models. • Engineered bacteria show promise in mouse models of metabolic diseases. • Few engineered bacterial treatments have advanced to clinical studies.
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19
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Abstract
The interest in the therapeutic use of probiotic microorganisms has been increased during the last decade although the doubts have ascended about the probiotics mainly because their beneficial effects are not fully understood, and, in many cases, their usefulness has not been validated in clinical trials. Consequently, the notion got a considerable interest in those strains having proven probiotic potential to be engineered for improvement in their beneficial features. The process of genetic engineering can also be used for probiotic strains for the reversion of antimicrobial resistance and other modifications for their safer and effective human applications. The lactic acid bacilli are predominantly opposite as they already have gained attention owing to their health-promoting benefits and their safety for human consumption; therefore, their use, especially as a delivery agent of vaccines and drugs, is gaining attention. The tailoring of probiotic strains will not only improve the data regarding the probiotic potential of these strains but also clinch the doubts concerning these probiotics. This article focuses on the approaches of bioengineered probiotics and discusses the potential prospects for their therapeutic applications including immunomodulation, cognitive health, and anticancer therapeutics.
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20
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Garza-Morales R, Rendon BE, Malik MT, Garza-Cabrales JE, Aucouturier A, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, McMasters KM, McNally LR, Gomez-Gutierrez JG. Targeting Melanoma Hypoxia with the Food-Grade Lactic Acid Bacterium Lactococcus Lactis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020438. [PMID: 32069844 PMCID: PMC7072195 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. Hypoxia is a feature of the tumor microenvironment that reduces efficacy of immuno- and chemotherapies, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Lactococcus lactis is a facultative anaerobic gram-positive lactic acid bacterium (LAB) that is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). Recently, the use of LAB as a delivery vehicle has emerged as an alternative strategy to deliver therapeutic molecules; therefore, we investigated whether L. lactis can target and localize within melanoma hypoxic niches. To simulate hypoxic conditions in vitro, melanoma cells A2058, A375 and MeWo were cultured in a chamber with a gas mixture of 5% CO2, 94% N2 and 1% O2. Among the cell lines tested, MeWo cells displayed greater survival rates when compared to A2058 and A375 cells. Co-cultures of L. lactis expressing GFP or mCherry and MeWo cells revealed that L. lactis efficiently express the transgenes under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT), and near infrared (NIR) imaging of tumor-bearing BALB/c mice revealed that the intravenous injection of either L. lactis expressing β-galactosidase (β-gal) or infrared fluorescent protein (IRFP713) results in the establishment of the recombinant bacteria within tumor hypoxic niches. Overall, our data suggest that L. lactis represents an alternative strategy to target and deliver therapeutic molecules into the tumor hypoxic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Garza-Morales
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.G.-M.); (J.E.G.-C.); (K.M.M.)
| | - Beatriz E. Rendon
- Molecular Targets Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Mohammad Tariq Malik
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Jeannete E. Garza-Cabrales
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.G.-M.); (J.E.G.-C.); (K.M.M.)
| | - Anne Aucouturier
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.A.); (L.G.B.-H.)
| | - Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.A.); (L.G.B.-H.)
| | - Kelly M. McMasters
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.G.-M.); (J.E.G.-C.); (K.M.M.)
| | - Lacey R. McNally
- Department of Bioengineering, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;
| | - Jorge G. Gomez-Gutierrez
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (R.G.-M.); (J.E.G.-C.); (K.M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(502)-852-5745
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21
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Jazeela K, Chakraborty A, Karunasagar I, Deekshit VK. Nontyphoidal Salmonella: a potential anticancer agent. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:2-14. [PMID: 31038778 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Use of bacteria in cancer therapy, despite being considered as a potent strategy, has not really picked up the way other methods of cancer therapies have evolved. However, in recent years, the interest on use of bacteria to kill cancer cells has renewed considerably. The standard and widely followed strategies of cancer treatment often fail either due to the complexity of tumour biology or because of the accompanying side effects. In contrast, these limitations can be easily overcome in a bacteria-mediated approach. Salmonella is a bacterium, which is known for its ability to colonize solid or semisolid tumours more efficiently than any other bacteria. Among more than 2500 serovars of Salmonella, S. Typhimurium has been widely studied for its antagonistic effects on cancer cells. Here in, we review the current status of the preclinical and the clinical studies with a focus on the mechanisms that attribute the anticancer properties to nontyphoidal Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jazeela
- Nitte University Center for Science Education and Research, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - A Chakraborty
- Nitte University Center for Science Education and Research, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - I Karunasagar
- Nitte University Center for Science Education and Research, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - V K Deekshit
- Nitte University Center for Science Education and Research, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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22
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Singhvi G, Girdhar V, Patil S, Gupta G, Hansbro PM, Dua K. Microbiome as therapeutics in vesicular delivery. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:738-741. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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23
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Ranganath SH. Bioengineered cellular and cell membrane-derived vehicles for actively targeted drug delivery: So near and yet so far. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 132:57-80. [PMID: 29935987 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellular carriers for drug delivery are attractive alternatives to synthetic nanoparticles owing to their innate homing/targeting abilities. Here, we review molecular interactions involved in the homing of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and other cell types to understand the process of designing and engineering highly efficient, actively targeting cellular vehicles. In addition, we comprehensively discuss various genetic and non-genetic strategies and propose futuristic approaches of engineering MSC homing using micro/nanotechnology and high throughput small molecule screening. Most of the targeting abilities of a cell come from its plasma membrane, thus, efforts to harness cell membranes as drug delivery vehicles are gaining importance and are highlighted here. We also recognize and report the lack of detailed characterization of cell membranes in terms of safety, structural integrity, targeting functionality, and drug transport. Finally, we provide insights on future development of bioengineered cellular and cell membrane-derived vesicles for successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir H Ranganath
- Bio-INvENT Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, B.H. Road, Tumakuru, 572103, Karnataka, India.
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24
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Endostatin gene therapy delivered by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in murine tumor models. Cancer Gene Ther 2018; 25:167-183. [DOI: 10.1038/s41417-018-0021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Gao M, Zhou J, Su Z, Huang Y. Bacterial cupredoxin azurin hijacks cellular signaling networks: Protein-protein interactions and cancer therapy. Protein Sci 2017; 26:2334-2341. [PMID: 28960574 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Azurin secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an anticancer bacteriocin, which preferentially enters human cancer cells and induces apoptosis or growth inhibition. It turns out that azurin is a multi-target anticancer agent interfering in the p53 signaling pathway and the non-receptor tyrosine kinases signaling pathway. This suggests that azurin exerts its anticancer activity by interacting with multiple targets and interfering in multiple steps in disease progression. Therefore, azurin could overcome resistance to therapy. Besides azurin, putative bacteriocins that possess functional properties similar to those of azurin have been identified in more bacteria species. A systematic investigation on the anticancer mechanisms of azurin and the azurin-like bacteriocins will provide more and better options in cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize how azurin and the derived peptides hijack key cellular regulators or cell surface receptors to remodel the cellular signaling networks. In particular, we highlight the necessity of determining the structure of azurin/p53 complex and investigating the influence of post-translational modifications on interactions between azurin and p53. Therapeutic applications of azurin and derived peptides are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengding Su
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqi Huang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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26
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Chien T, Doshi A, Danino T. Advances in bacterial cancer therapies using synthetic biology. CURRENT OPINION IN SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2017; 5:1-8. [PMID: 29881788 PMCID: PMC5986102 DOI: 10.1016/j.coisb.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology aims to apply engineering principles to biology by modulating the behavior of living organisms. An emerging application of this field is the engineering of bacteria as a cancer therapy by the programming of therapeutic, safety, and specificity features through genetic modification. Here, we review progress in this engineering including the targeting of bacteria to tumors, specific sensing and response to tumor microenvironments, remote induction methods, and controllable release of therapeutics. We discuss the most prominent bacteria strains used and their specific properties and the types of therapeutics tested thus far. Finally, we note current challenges, such as genetic stability, that researchers must address for successful clinical implementation of this novel therapy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Chien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Anjali Doshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Tal Danino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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27
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Copp JN, Mowday AM, Williams EM, Guise CP, Ashoorzadeh A, Sharrock AV, Flanagan JU, Smaill JB, Patterson AV, Ackerley DF. Engineering a Multifunctional Nitroreductase for Improved Activation of Prodrugs and PET Probes for Cancer Gene Therapy. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:391-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Tsilimigras MCB, Fodor A, Jobin C. Carcinogenesis and therapeutics: the microbiota perspective. Nat Microbiol 2017; 2:17008. [PMID: 28225000 PMCID: PMC6423540 DOI: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer arises from the acquisition of multiple genetic and epigenetic changes in host cells over the span of many years, promoting oncogenic traits and carcinogenesis. Most cancers develop following random somatic alterations of key oncogenic genes, which are favoured by a number of risk factors, including lifestyle, diet and inflammation. Importantly, the environment where tumours evolve provides a unique source of signalling cues that affects cancer cell growth, survival, movement and metastasis. Recently, there has been increased interest in how the microbiota, the collection of microorganisms inhabiting the host body surface and cavities, shapes a micro-environment for host cells that can either promote or prevent cancer formation. The microbiota, particularly the intestinal biota, plays a central role in host physiology, and the composition and activity of this consortium of microorganisms is directly influenced by known cancer risk factors such as lifestyle, diet and inflammation. In this REVIEW, we discuss the pro- and anticarcinogenic role of the microbiota, as well as highlighting the therapeutic potential of microorganisms in tumourigenesis. The broad impacts, and, at times, opposing roles of the microbiota in carcinogenesis serve to illustrate the complex and sometimes conflicted relationship between microorganisms and the host-a relationship that could potentially be harnessed for therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. B. Tsilimigras
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, USA
| | - Anthony Fodor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, USA
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Kumar M, Yadav AK, Verma V, Singh B, Mal G, Nagpal R, Hemalatha R. Bioengineered probiotics as a new hope for health and diseases: an overview of potential and prospects. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:585-600. [PMID: 27070955 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.16.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the use of microorganisms as therapeutics for over a century, the scientific and clinical admiration of their potential is a recent phenomenon. Genome sequencing and genetic engineering has enabled researchers to develop novel strategies, such as bioengineered probiotics or pharmabiotics, which may become a therapeutic strategy. Bioengineered probiotics with multiple immunogenic or antagonistic properties could be a viable option to improve human health. The bacteria are tailored to deliver drugs, therapeutic proteins or gene therapy vectors with precision and a higher degree of site specificity than conventional drug administration regimes. This article provides an overview of methodological concepts, thereby encouraging research and interest in this topic, with the ultimate goal of using designer probiotics as therapeutics in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR Hyderabad, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Department of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR Hyderabad, India
| | - Vinod Verma
- Centre of Biotechnology, Nehru Science Complex, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur, India
| | - Gorakh Mal
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur, India
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo
| | - Rajkumar Hemalatha
- Department of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR Hyderabad, India
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Biancucci M, Satchell KJF. A bacterial toxin that cleaves Ras oncoprotein. Oncotarget 2015; 6:18742-3. [PMID: 26300052 PMCID: PMC4662451 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Biancucci
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karla J F Satchell
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Antic I, Biancucci M, Zhu Y, Gius DR, Satchell KJF. Site-specific processing of Ras and Rap1 Switch I by a MARTX toxin effector domain. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7396. [PMID: 26051945 PMCID: PMC4468845 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras (Rat sarcoma) protein is a central regulator of cell growth and proliferation. Mutations in the RAS gene are known to occur in human cancers and have been shown to contribute to carcinogenesis. In this study, we show that the multifunctional-autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxin-effector domain DUF5Vv from Vibrio vulnificus to be a site-specific endopeptidase that cleaves within the Switch 1 region of Ras and Rap1. DUF5Vv processing of Ras, which occurs both biochemically and in mammalian cell culture, inactivates ERK1/2, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. The ability to cleave Ras and Rap1 is shared by DUF5Vv homologues found in other bacteria. In addition, DUF5Vv can cleave all Ras isoforms and KRas with mutations commonly implicated in malignancies. Therefore, we speculate that this new family of Ras/Rap1-specific endopeptidases (RRSPs) has potential to inactivate both wild-type and mutant Ras proteins expressed in malignancies. V. vulnificus, a bacteria that cause life-threatening septicaemia following wound infections or tainted food consumption, utilizes MARTX toxins for toxic effector delivery. Here the authors show that the MARTX virulence factor DUF5 targets the cellular MAP kinase pathway as a Ras and Rap1 site-specific protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Antic
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 6-225, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Marco Biancucci
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 6-225, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Yueming Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Avenue, Lurie 3-119, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - David R Gius
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Avenue, Lurie 3-119, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Karla J F Satchell
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Ward 6-225, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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