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Iqbal Z, Iqbal MS, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, Ansari MI. Plant Defense Responses to Biotic Stress and Its Interplay With Fluctuating Dark/Light Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:631810. [PMID: 33763093 PMCID: PMC7982811 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.631810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants are subjected to a plethora of environmental cues that cause extreme losses to crop productivity. Due to fluctuating environmental conditions, plants encounter difficulties in attaining full genetic potential for growth and reproduction. One such environmental condition is the recurrent attack on plants by herbivores and microbial pathogens. To surmount such attacks, plants have developed a complex array of defense mechanisms. The defense mechanism can be either preformed, where toxic secondary metabolites are stored; or can be inducible, where defense is activated upon detection of an attack. Plants sense biotic stress conditions, activate the regulatory or transcriptional machinery, and eventually generate an appropriate response. Plant defense against pathogen attack is well understood, but the interplay and impact of different signals to generate defense responses against biotic stress still remain elusive. The impact of light and dark signals on biotic stress response is one such area to comprehend. Light and dark alterations not only regulate defense mechanisms impacting plant development and biochemistry but also bestow resistance against invading pathogens. The interaction between plant defense and dark/light environment activates a signaling cascade. This signaling cascade acts as a connecting link between perception of biotic stress, dark/light environment, and generation of an appropriate physiological or biochemical response. The present review highlights molecular responses arising from dark/light fluctuations vis-à-vis elicitation of defense mechanisms in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Iqbal
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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González-Morales S, Solís-Gaona S, Valdés-Caballero MV, Juárez-Maldonado A, Loredo-Treviño A, Benavides-Mendoza A. Transcriptomics of Biostimulation of Plants Under Abiotic Stress. Front Genet 2021; 12:583888. [PMID: 33613631 PMCID: PMC7888440 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.583888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant biostimulants are compounds, living microorganisms, or their constituent parts that alter plant development programs. The impact of biostimulants is manifested in several ways: via morphological, physiological, biochemical, epigenomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic changes. For each of these, a response and alteration occur, and these alterations in turn improve metabolic and adaptive performance in the environment. Many studies have been conducted on the effects of different biotic and abiotic stimulants on plants, including many crop species. However, as far as we know, there are no reviews available that describe the impact of biostimulants for a specific field such as transcriptomics, which is the objective of this review. For the commercial registration process of products for agricultural use, it is necessary to distinguish the specific impact of biostimulants from that of other legal categories of products used in agriculture, such as fertilizers and plant hormones. For the chemical or biological classification of biostimulants, the classification is seen as a complex issue, given the great diversity of compounds and organisms that cause biostimulation. However, with an approach focused on the impact on a particular field such as transcriptomics, it is perhaps possible to obtain a criterion that allows biostimulants to be grouped considering their effects on living systems, as well as the overlap of the impact on metabolism, physiology, and morphology occurring between fertilizers, hormones, and biostimulants.
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FMO1 Is Involved in Excess Light Stress-Induced Signal Transduction and Cell Death Signaling. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102163. [PMID: 32987853 PMCID: PMC7600522 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their sessile nature, plants evolved integrated defense and acclimation mechanisms to simultaneously cope with adverse biotic and abiotic conditions. Among these are systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and systemic acquired acclimation (SAA). Growing evidence suggests that SAR and SAA activate similar cellular mechanisms and employ common signaling pathways for the induction of acclimatory and defense responses. It is therefore possible to consider these processes together, rather than separately, as a common systemic acquired acclimation and resistance (SAAR) mechanism. Arabidopsis thaliana flavin-dependent monooxygenase 1 (FMO1) was previously described as a regulator of plant resistance in response to pathogens as an important component of SAR. In the current study, we investigated its role in SAA, induced by a partial exposure of Arabidopsis rosette to local excess light stress. We demonstrate here that FMO1 expression is induced in leaves directly exposed to excess light stress as well as in systemic leaves remaining in low light. We also show that FMO1 is required for the systemic induction of ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE 2 (APX2) and ZINC-FINGER OF ARABIDOPSIS 10 (ZAT10) expression and spread of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) systemic signal in response to a local application of excess light treatment. Additionally, our results demonstrate that FMO1 is involved in the regulation of excess light-triggered systemic cell death, which is under control of LESION SIMULATING DISEASE 1 (LSD1). Our study indicates therefore that FMO1 plays an important role in triggering SAA response, supporting the hypothesis that SAA and SAR are tightly connected and use the same signaling pathways.
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Górecka M, Lewandowska M, Dąbrowska-Bronk J, Białasek M, Barczak-Brzyżek A, Kulasek M, Mielecki J, Kozłowska-Makulska A, Gawroński P, Karpiński S. Photosystem II 22kDa protein level - a prerequisite for excess light-inducible memory, cross-tolerance to UV-C and regulation of electrical signalling. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:649-661. [PMID: 31760664 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that PsbS is a key protein for the proper management of excessive energy in plants. Plants without PsbS cannot trigger non-photochemical quenching, which is crucial for optimal photosynthesis under variable conditions. Our studies showed wild-type plants had enhanced tolerance to UV-C-induced cell death (CD) upon induction of light memory by a blue or red light. However, npq4-1 plants, which lack PsbS, as well as plants overexpressing this protein (oePsbS), responded differently. Untreated oePsbS appeared more tolerant to UV-C exposure, whereas npq4-1 was unable to adequately induce cross-tolerance to UV-C. Similarly, light memory induced by episodic blue or red light was differently deregulated in npq-4 and oePsbS, as indicated by transcriptomic analyses, measurements of the trans-thylakoid pH gradient, chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, and measurements of foliar surface electrical potential. The mechanism of the foliar CD development seemed to be unaffected in the analysed plants and is associated with chloroplast breakdown. Our results suggest a novel, substantial role for PsbS as a regulator of chloroplast retrograde signalling for light memory, light acclimation, CD, and cross-tolerance to UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Górecka
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Plant Pathogenesis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Lewandowska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Dąbrowska-Bronk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Białasek
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Barczak-Brzyżek
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Milena Kulasek
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
| | - Jakub Mielecki
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kozłowska-Makulska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Gawroński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Upadhyay S, Srivastava Y. Retrograde response by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in plants involving different cellular organelles. Biol Chem 2019; 400:979-989. [PMID: 31004559 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
During oxidative and nitrosative stress conditions cellular organelles convey information to the nucleus to express specific sets of genes to withstand the stress condition and to reorganize their growth and developmental pattern. This organelle to nucleus communication is termed retrograde signaling. In the plant system chloroplast and peroxisomes are mainly involved with little involvement of mitochondria and other organelles in oxidative stress-mediated retrograde signaling. In this review, we will discuss retrograde signaling in plant systems with factors that regulate this signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Upadhyay
- Biotechnology Division (CSIR-CIMAP), Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Yashdeep Srivastava
- Department of Metabolic and Structural Biology, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India
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Zandalinas SI, Sengupta S, Burks D, Azad RK, Mittler R. Identification and characterization of a core set of ROS wave-associated transcripts involved in the systemic acquired acclimation response of Arabidopsis to excess light. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:126-141. [PMID: 30556340 PMCID: PMC6850305 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Systemic acquired acclimation (SAA) plays a key role in optimizing growth and preventing damage associated with fluctuating or abrupt changes in the plant environment. To be effective, SAA has to occur at a rapid rate and depend on rapid signaling pathways that transmit signals from affected tissues to all parts of the plant. Although recent studies have identified several different rapid systemic signaling pathways that could mediate SAA, very little information is known about the extent of their involvement in mediating transcriptomic responses. Here we reveal that the systemic transcriptomic response of plants to excess light stress is extensive in its context and involves an early (2 min) and transient stage of transcript expression that includes thousands of genes. This early response is dependent on the respiratory burst oxidase homolog D protein, and the function of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) wave. We further identify a core set of transcripts associated with the ROS wave and suggest that some of these transcripts are involved in linking ROS with calcium signaling. Priming of a systemic leaf to become acclimated to a particular stress during SAA involves thousands of transcripts that display a rapid and transient expression pattern driven by the ROS wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I. Zandalinas
- The Division of Plant SciencesCollege of Agriculture, Food and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri1201 Rollins StColumbiaMO65201USA
- The Department of SurgeryUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri1201 Rollins StColumbiaMO65201USA
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Department of Biological SciencesCollege of ScienceUniversity of North Texas1155 Union Circle #305220DentonTX76203‐5017USA
| | - David Burks
- Department of Biological SciencesCollege of ScienceUniversity of North Texas1155 Union Circle #305220DentonTX76203‐5017USA
| | - Rajeev K. Azad
- Department of Biological SciencesCollege of ScienceUniversity of North Texas1155 Union Circle #305220DentonTX76203‐5017USA
- Department of MathematicsUniversity of North TexasDentonTX76203USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- The Division of Plant SciencesCollege of Agriculture, Food and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri1201 Rollins StColumbiaMO65201USA
- The Department of SurgeryUniversity of Missouri School of MedicineChristopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri1201 Rollins StColumbiaMO65201USA
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Choudhury FK, Devireddy AR, Azad RK, Shulaev V, Mittler R. Local and Systemic Metabolic Responses during Light-Induced Rapid Systemic Signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 178:1461-1472. [PMID: 30279198 PMCID: PMC6288754 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants evolved multiple signaling pathways that transduce light-related signals between leaves. These are thought to improve light stress acclimation in a process termed systemic acquired acclimation. Although responses to light stress have been studied extensively in local leaves, and to a lesser degree in systemic leaves, little is known about the responses that occur in the different tissues that connect the local to the systemic leaves. These could be important in defining the specificity of the systemic response as well as in supporting the generation of different systemic signals. Here, we report that local application of light stress to one rosette leaf of bolting Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants resulted in a metabolic response that encompassed local, systemic and transport tissues (stem tissues that connect the local to the systemic tissues), demonstrating a high degree of physical and metabolic continuity between different tissues throughout the plant. Our results further indicate that the response of many of the systemically altered metabolites is associated with the function of the reactive oxygen species wave and that the levels of eight different metabolites are altered in a similar manner in all tissues tested (local, systemic, and transport). These compounds could define a core metabolic signature for light stress that propagates from the local to the systemic leaves. Our findings suggest that metabolic changes occurring in cells that connect the local and systemic tissues play an important role in systemic acquired acclimation and could convey specificity to the rapid systemic response of plants to light stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feroza K Choudhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017
| | - Amith R Devireddy
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources, and Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65201
| | - Rajeev K Azad
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017
- Department of Mathematics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203
| | - Vladimir Shulaev
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203-5017
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources, and Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65201
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Czarnocka W, Karpiński S. Friend or foe? Reactive oxygen species production, scavenging and signaling in plant response to environmental stresses. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:4-20. [PMID: 29331649 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the natural environment, plants are exposed to a variety of biotic and abiotic stress conditions that trigger rapid changes in the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The production and scavenging of ROS is compartmentalized, which means that, depending on stimuli type, they can be generated and eliminated in different cellular compartments such as the apoplast, plasma membrane, chloroplasts, mitochondria, peroxisomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. Although the accumulation of ROS is generally harmful to cells, ROS play an important role in signaling pathways that regulate acclimatory and defense responses in plants, such as systemic acquired acclimation (SAA) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). However, high accumulations of ROS can also trigger redox homeostasis disturbance which can lead to cell death, and in consequence, to a limitation in biomass and yield production. Different ROS have various half-lifetimes and degrees of reactivity toward molecular components such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Thus, they play different roles in intra- and extra-cellular signaling. Despite their possible damaging effect, ROS should mainly be considered as signaling molecules that regulate local and systemic acclimatory and defense responses. Over the past two decades it has been proven that ROS together with non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), hormones, Ca2+ waves, and electrical signals are the main players in SAA and SAR, two physiological processes essential for plant survival and productivity in unfavorable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Czarnocka
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; The Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR) - National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland.
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Ganguly DR, Crisp PA, Eichten SR, Pogson BJ. Maintenance of pre-existing DNA methylation states through recurring excess-light stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1657-1672. [PMID: 29707792 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The capacity for plant stress priming and memory and the notion of this being underpinned by DNA methylation-mediated memory is an appealing hypothesis for which there is mixed evidence. We previously established a lack of drought-induced methylome variation in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis); however, this was tied to only minor observations of physiological memory. There are numerous independent observations demonstrating that photoprotective mechanisms, induced by excess-light stress, can lead to robust programmable changes in newly developing leaf tissues. Although key signalling molecules and transcription factors are known to promote this priming signal, an untested question is the potential involvement of chromatin marks towards the maintenance of light stress acclimation, or memory. Thus, we systematically tested our previous hypothesis of a stress-resistant methylome using a recurring excess-light stress, then analysing new, emerging, and existing tissues. The DNA methylome showed negligible stress-associated variation, with the vast majority attributable to stochastic differences. Yet, photoacclimation was evident through enhanced photosystem II performance in exposed tissues, and nonphotochemical quenching and fluorescence decline ratio showed evidence of mitotic transmission. Thus, we have observed physiological acclimation in new and emerging tissues in the absence of substantive DNA methylome changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diep R Ganguly
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Peter A Crisp
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Steven R Eichten
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Barry J Pogson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
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Barczak-Brzyżek AK, Kiełkiewicz M, Gawroński P, Kot K, Filipecki M, Karpińska B. Cross-talk between high light stress and plant defence to the two-spotted spider mite in Arabidopsis thaliana. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2017; 73:177-189. [PMID: 29119280 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-017-0187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how plants deal with arthropod herbivores under the fluctuating light intensity and spectra which occur in natural environments. Moreover, the role of simultaneous stress such as excess light (EL) in the regulation of plant responses to herbivores is poorly characterized. In the current study, we focused on a mite-herbivore, specifically, the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), which is one of the major agricultural pests worldwide. Our results showed that TSSM-induced leaf damage (visualized by trypan blue staining) and oviposition rate (measured as daily female fecundity) decreased after EL pre-treatment in wild-type Arabidopsis plants, but the observed responses were not wavelength specific. Thus, we established that EL pre-treatment reduced Arabidopsis susceptibility to TSSM infestation. Due to the fact that a portion of EL energy is dissipated by plants as heat in the mechanism known as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence, we tested an Arabidopsis npq4-1 mutant impaired in NPQ. We showed that npq4-1 plants are significantly less susceptible to TSSM feeding activity, and this result was not dependent on light pre-treatment. Therefore, our findings strongly support the role of light in plant defence against TSSM, pointing to a key role for a photo-protective mechanism such as NPQ in this regulation. We hypothesize that plants impaired in NPQ are constantly primed to mite attack, as this seems to be a universal evolutionarily conserved mechanism for herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Kiełkiewicz
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Gawroński
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Kot
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Filipecki
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - B Karpińska
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Szechyńska-Hebda M, Lewandowska M, Karpiński S. Electrical Signaling, Photosynthesis and Systemic Acquired Acclimation. Front Physiol 2017; 8:684. [PMID: 28959209 PMCID: PMC5603676 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical signaling in higher plants is required for the appropriate intracellular and intercellular communication, stress responses, growth and development. In this review, we have focus on recent findings regarding the electrical signaling, as a major regulator of the systemic acquired acclimation (SAA) and the systemic acquired resistance (SAR). The electric signaling on its own cannot confer the required specificity of information to trigger SAA and SAR, therefore, we have also discussed a number of other mechanisms and signaling systems that can operate in combination with electric signaling. We have emphasized the interrelation between ionic mechanism of electrical activity and regulation of photosynthesis, which is intrinsic to a proper induction of SAA and SAR. In a special way, we have summarized the role of non-photochemical quenching and its regulator PsbS. Further, redox status of the cell, calcium and hydraulic waves, hormonal circuits and stomatal aperture regulation have been considered as components of the signaling. Finally, a model of light-dependent mechanisms of electrical signaling propagation has been presented together with the systemic regulation of light-responsive genes encoding both, ion channels and proteins involved in regulation of their activity. Due to space limitations, we have not addressed many other important aspects of hormonal and ROS signaling, which were presented in a number of recent excellent reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life SciencesWarsaw, Poland
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of SciencesKrakow, Poland
| | - Maria Lewandowska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life SciencesWarsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life SciencesWarsaw, Poland
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Kulasek M, Bernacki MJ, Ciszak K, Witoń D, Karpiński S. Contribution of PsbS Function and Stomatal Conductance to Foliar Temperature in Higher Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:1495-1509. [PMID: 27273581 PMCID: PMC4937786 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Natural capacity has evolved in higher plants to absorb and harness excessive light energy. In basic models, the majority of absorbed photon energy is radiated back as fluorescence and heat. For years the proton sensor protein PsbS was considered to play a critical role in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of light absorbed by PSII antennae and in its dissipation as heat. However, the significance of PsbS in regulating heat emission from a whole leaf has never been verified before by direct measurement of foliar temperature under changing light intensity. To test its validity, we here investigated the foliar temperature changes on increasing and decreasing light intensity conditions (foliar temperature dynamics) using a high resolution thermal camera and a powerful adjustable light-emitting diode (LED) light source. First, we showed that light-dependent foliar temperature dynamics is correlated with Chl content in leaves of various plant species. Secondly, we compared the foliar temperature dynamics in Arabidopsis thaliana wild type, the PsbS null mutant npq4-1 and a PsbS-overexpressing transgenic line under different transpiration conditions with or without a photosynthesis inhibitor. We found no direct correlations between the NPQ level and the foliar temperature dynamics. Rather, differences in foliar temperature dynamics are primarily affected by stomatal aperture, and rapid foliar temperature increase during irradiation depends on the water status of the leaf. We conclude that PsbS is not directly involved in regulation of foliar temperature dynamics during excessive light energy episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Kulasek
- Department of Plant Genetics; Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture; Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
- Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska Street 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Maciej Jerzy Bernacki
- Department of Plant Genetics; Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture; Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kamil Ciszak
- Department of Plant Genetics; Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture; Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
- These authors contributed equally to this work
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Damian Witoń
- Department of Plant Genetics; Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture; Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics; Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture; Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
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Gilroy S, Białasek M, Suzuki N, Górecka M, Devireddy AR, Karpiński S, Mittler R. ROS, Calcium, and Electric Signals: Key Mediators of Rapid Systemic Signaling in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:1606-15. [PMID: 27208294 PMCID: PMC4936577 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ROS, calcium, and electric signals mediate rapid systemic signaling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gilroy
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (S.G.);Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology, and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (M.B., M.G., S.K.);Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan (N.S.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 (A.R.D., R.M.)
| | - Maciej Białasek
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (S.G.);Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology, and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (M.B., M.G., S.K.);Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan (N.S.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 (A.R.D., R.M.)
| | - Nobuhiro Suzuki
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (S.G.);Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology, and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (M.B., M.G., S.K.);Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan (N.S.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 (A.R.D., R.M.)
| | - Magdalena Górecka
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (S.G.);Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology, and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (M.B., M.G., S.K.);Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan (N.S.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 (A.R.D., R.M.)
| | - Amith R Devireddy
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (S.G.);Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology, and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (M.B., M.G., S.K.);Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan (N.S.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 (A.R.D., R.M.)
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (S.G.);Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology, and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (M.B., M.G., S.K.);Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan (N.S.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 (A.R.D., R.M.)
| | - Ron Mittler
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (S.G.);Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology, and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland (M.B., M.G., S.K.);Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8554 Tokyo, Japan (N.S.); andDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 (A.R.D., R.M.)
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