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Chenevert J, Robert MLV, Sallé J, Cacchia S, Lorca T, Castro A, McDougall A, Minc N, Castagnetti S, Dumont J, Lacroix B. Measuring Mitotic Spindle and Microtubule Dynamics in Marine Embryos and Non-model Organisms. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2740:187-210. [PMID: 38393477 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3557-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
During eukaryotic cell division a microtubule-based structure, the mitotic spindle, aligns and segregates chromosomes between daughter cells. Understanding how this cellular structure is assembled and coordinated in space and in time requires measuring microtubule dynamics and visualizing spindle assembly with high temporal and spatial resolution. Visualization is often achieved by the introduction and the detection of molecular probes and fluorescence microscopy. Microtubules and mitotic spindles are highly conserved across eukaryotes; however, several technical limitations have restricted these investigations to only a few species. The ability to monitor microtubule and chromosome choreography in a wide range of species is fundamental to reveal conserved mechanisms or unravel unconventional strategies that certain forms of life have developed to ensure faithful partitioning of chromosomes during cell division. Here, we describe a technique based on injection of purified proteins that enables the visualization of microtubules and chromosomes with a high contrast in several divergent marine embryos. We also provide analysis methods and tools to extract microtubule dynamics and monitor spindle assembly. These techniques can be adapted to a wide variety of species in order to measure microtubule dynamics and spindle assembly kinetics when genetic tools are not available or in parallel to the development of such techniques in non-model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Chenevert
- Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Morgane L V Robert
- Université de Montpellier, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), CNRS UMR 5237, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jérémy Sallé
- CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Cacchia
- Université de Montpellier, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), CNRS UMR 5237, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Thierry Lorca
- Université de Montpellier, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), CNRS UMR 5237, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Anna Castro
- Université de Montpellier, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), CNRS UMR 5237, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Programme équipes Labellisées Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Alex McDougall
- Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Nicolas Minc
- CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Stefania Castagnetti
- Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - Julien Dumont
- CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Lacroix
- Université de Montpellier, Centre de Recherche en Biologie cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), CNRS UMR 5237, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Chen XY, Kao C, Peng SW, Chang JH, Lee YL, Laiman V, Chung KF, Bhavsar PK, Heriyanto DS, Chuang KJ, Chuang HC. Role of DCLK1/Hippo pathway in type II alveolar epithelial cells differentiation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Mol Med 2023; 29:159. [PMID: 37996782 PMCID: PMC10668445 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delay in type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) regeneration has been linked to higher mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the interaction between Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) and the Hippo signaling pathway in ARDS-associated AECII differentiation remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand the role of the DCLK1/Hippo pathway in mediating AECII differentiation in ARDS. MATERIALS AND METHODS AECII MLE-12 cells were exposed to 0, 0.1, or 1 μg/mL of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 6 and 12 h. In the mouse model, C57BL/6JNarl mice were intratracheally (i.t.) injected with 0 (control) or 5 mg/kg LPS and were euthanized for lung collection on days 3 and 7. RESULTS We found that LPS induced AECII markers of differentiation by reducing surfactant protein C (SPC) and p53 while increasing T1α (podoplanin) and E-cadherin at 12 h. Concurrently, nuclear YAP dynamic regulation and increased TAZ levels were observed in LPS-exposed AECII within 12 h. Inhibition of YAP consistently decreased cell levels of SPC, claudin 4 (CLDN-4), galectin 3 (LGALS-3), and p53 while increasing transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) at 6 h. Furthermore, DCLK1 expression was reduced in isolated human AECII of ARDS, consistent with the results in LPS-exposed AECII at 6 h and mouse SPC-positive (SPC+) cells after 3-day LPS exposure. We observed that downregulated DCLK1 increased p-YAP/YAP, while DCLK1 overexpression slightly reduced p-YAP/YAP, indicating an association between DCLK1 and Hippo-YAP pathway. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that DCLK1-mediated Hippo signaling components of YAP/TAZ regulated markers of AECII-to-AECI differentiation in an LPS-induced ARDS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yue Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ching Kao
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Syue-Wei Peng
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Hwa Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Vincent Laiman
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Pankaj K Bhavsar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Didik Setyo Heriyanto
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kai-Jen Chuang
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Inhalation Toxicology Research Lab (ITRL), School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Lacroix B, Letort G, Pitayu L, Sallé J, Stefanutti M, Maton G, Ladouceur AM, Canman JC, Maddox PS, Maddox AS, Minc N, Nédélec F, Dumont J. Microtubule Dynamics Scale with Cell Size to Set Spindle Length and Assembly Timing. Dev Cell 2018; 45:496-511.e6. [PMID: 29787710 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Successive cell divisions during embryonic cleavage create increasingly smaller cells, so intracellular structures must adapt accordingly. Mitotic spindle size correlates with cell size, but the mechanisms for this scaling remain unclear. Using live cell imaging, we analyzed spindle scaling during embryo cleavage in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. We reveal a common scaling mechanism, where the growth rate of spindle microtubules scales with cell volume, which explains spindle shortening. Spindle assembly timing is, however, constant throughout successive divisions. Analyses in silico suggest that controlling the microtubule growth rate is sufficient to scale spindle length and maintain a constant assembly timing. We tested our in silico predictions to demonstrate that modulating cell volume or microtubule growth rate in vivo induces a proportional spindle size change. Our results suggest that scalability of the microtubule growth rate when cell size varies adapts spindle length to cell volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lacroix
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France.
| | - Gaëlle Letort
- Institut Curie, Mines Paris Tech, Inserm, U900, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laras Pitayu
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Sallé
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France
| | - Marine Stefanutti
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France
| | - Gilliane Maton
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France
| | | | - Julie C Canman
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paul S Maddox
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Amy S Maddox
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nicolas Minc
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France
| | - François Nédélec
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Julien Dumont
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France.
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White D, Honoré S, Hubert F. Exploring the effect of end-binding proteins and microtubule targeting chemotherapy drugs on microtubule dynamic instability. J Theor Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bergès R, Tchoghandjian A, Honoré S, Estève MA, Figarella-Branger D, Bachmann F, Lane HA, Braguer D. The Novel Tubulin-Binding Checkpoint Activator BAL101553 Inhibits EB1-Dependent Migration and Invasion and Promotes Differentiation of Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2740-2749. [PMID: 27540016 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma patients have limited treatment options. Cancer stem-like cells (CSLC) contribute to glioblastoma invasiveness and repopulation; hence, they represent promising targets for novel therapies. BAL101553 is a prodrug of BAL27862, a novel microtubule-destabilizing agent inhibiting tumor cell proliferation through activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, which is currently in phase I/II clinical development. Broad anticancer activity has been demonstrated against human cancer models, including tumors refractory to conventional treatments. We have shown that overexpression of microtubule + end-binding 1-protein (EB1) correlates with glioblastoma progression and poor survival. Here, we show that BAL27862 inhibits the growth of two glioblastoma CSLCs. As EB1 is overexpressed in the CSLC line GBM6, which displays a high tumorigenicity and infiltrative pattern of migration in vivo, we investigated drug activity on GBM6 according to EB1 expression. BAL27862 inhibited migration and colony formation at subcytotoxic concentrations in EB1-expressing control cells (GBM6-sh0) but only at cytotoxic concentrations in EB1-downregulated (GBM-shE1) cells. Three administrations of BAL101553 were sufficient to provoke an EB1-dependent survival benefit in tumor-bearing mice. Patterns of invasion and quantification of tumor cells in brain demonstrated that GBM6-sh0 cells were more invasive than GBM6-shEB1 cells, and that the antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects of BAL101553 were more potent in mice bearing control tumors than in EB1-downregulated tumors. This was associated with inhibition of stem cell properties in the GBM6-sh0 model. Finally, BAL27862 triggered astrocytic differentiation of GBM6 in an EB1-dependent manner. These results support the potential of BAL101553 for glioblastoma treatment, with EB1 expression as a predictive biomarker of response. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(11); 2740-9. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Bergès
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2 UMR911, Marseille, France
| | | | - Stéphane Honoré
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2 UMR911, Marseille, France.,APHM, CHU Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Anne Estève
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2 UMR911, Marseille, France.,APHM, CHU Timone, Marseille, France
| | | | - Felix Bachmann
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heidi A Lane
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Diane Braguer
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2 UMR911, Marseille, France. .,APHM, CHU Timone, Marseille, France
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Lacroix B, Ryan J, Dumont J, Maddox PS, Maddox AS. Identification of microtubule growth deceleration and its regulation by conserved and novel proteins. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:1479-87. [PMID: 26985017 PMCID: PMC4850035 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-01-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Live imaging of microtubule dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans muscle cells reveals a novel microtubule behavior characterized by an abrupt change in growth rate, named “microtubule growth deceleration.” The conserved protein ZYG-9TOGp and two novel ORFs, cylc-1 and cylc-2, are involved in the regulation of this novel microtubule behavior. Microtubules (MTs) are cytoskeletal polymers that participate in diverse cellular functions, including cell division, intracellular trafficking, and templating of cilia and flagella. MTs undergo dynamic instability, alternating between growth and shortening via catastrophe and rescue events. The rates and frequencies of MT dynamic parameters appear to be characteristic for a given cell type. We recently reported that all MT dynamic parameters vary throughout differentiation of a smooth muscle cell type in intact Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we describe local differences in MT dynamics and a novel MT behavior: an abrupt change in growth rate (deceleration) of single MTs occurring in the cell periphery of these cells. MT deceleration occurs where there is a decrease in local soluble tubulin concentration at the cell periphery. This local regulation of tubulin concentration and MT deceleration are dependent on two novel homologues of human cylicin. These novel ORFs, which we name cylc-1 and -2, share sequence homology with stathmins and encode small, very basic proteins containing several KKD/E repeats. The TOG domain–containing protein ZYG-9TOGp is responsible for the faster polymerization rate within the cell body. Thus we have defined two contributors to the molecular regulation for this novel MT behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lacroix
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Joël Ryan
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Julien Dumont
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Paul S Maddox
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Amy S Maddox
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris, France
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