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Song M, Xu M, Zhang Q, Fan T, Xu J, Hang C, Cheng C, Ou X, Gong C, Lu Q. PPM1G promotes autophagy and progression of pancreatic cancer via upregulating HMGB1. Cell Signal 2024; 123:111342. [PMID: 39121976 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most aggressive and lethal malignancies worldwide, with a dismal 5-year relative survival rates of only 12%. Therefore, it is urgent to discover the key molecular markers to improve the therapeutic outcomes in pancreatic cancer. Herein, we first demonstrated that PPM1G is upregulated in pancreatic cancer and that PPM1G depletion decreases pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. High PPM1G expression was linked to short overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients, which was further validated in the TCGA database. Moreover, by detecting Beclin 1, LC3-II, and SQSTM1/p62 expressions and observing autolysosome under transmission electron microscope, we discovered that PPM1G is a novel positive regulator of macroautophagy/autophagy. Furthermore, by using immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) analysis and following systemic molecular biology experiment, we demonstrated PPM1G promotes the autophagy and proliferation of pancreatic cancer by directly upregulating HMGB1. Additionally, patients with both high PPM1G and high HMGB1 exhibited poorer prognosis in our cohort. This study preliminarily investigated the possibility of PPM1G as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tingyu Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng Hang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China
| | - Cuie Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou 215500, China
| | - Xilong Ou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China.
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Lv L, Wei Q, Zhang J, Dong Y, Shan Z, Chang N, Zhao Y, Bian P, Yi Q. IGF2BP3 prevent HMGB1 mRNA decay in bladder cancer and development. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:39. [PMID: 38504159 PMCID: PMC10949762 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IGF2BP3 functions as an RNA-binding protein (RBP) and plays a role in the posttranscriptional control of mRNA localization, stability, and translation. Its dysregulation is frequently associated with tumorigenesis across various cancer types. Nonetheless, our understanding of how the expression of the IGF2BP3 gene is regulated remains limited. The specific functions and underlying mechanisms of IGF2BP3, as well as the potential benefits of targeting it for therapeutic purposes in bladder cancer, are not yet well comprehended. METHODS The mRNA and protein expression were examined by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. The methylation level of CpG sites was detected by Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). The regulation of IGF2BP3 expression by miR-320a-3p was analyzed by luciferase reporter assay. The functional role of IGF2BP3 was determined through proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, invasion assays, and xenograft mouse model. The regulation of HMGB1 by IGF2BP3 was investigated by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and mRNA stability assays. RESULTS We observed a significant elevation in IGF2BP3 levels within bladder cancer samples, correlating with more advanced stages and grades, as well as an unfavorable prognosis. Subsequent investigations revealed that the upregulation of IGF2BP3 expression is triggered by copy number gain/amplification and promoter hypomethylation in various tumor types, including bladder cancer. Furthermore, miR-320a-3p was identified as another negative regulator in bladder cancer. Functionally, the upregulation of IGF2BP3 expression exacerbated bladder cancer progression, including the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer. Conversely, IGF2BP3 silencing produced the opposite effects. Moreover, IGF2BP3 expression positively correlated with inflammation and immune infiltration in bladder cancer. Mechanistically, IGF2BP3 enhanced mRNA stability and promoted the expression of HMGB1 by binding to its mRNA, which is a factor that promotes inflammation and orchestrates tumorigenesis in many cancers. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of HMGB1 with glycyrrhizin, a specific HMGB1 inhibitor, effectively reversed the cancer-promoting effects of IGF2BP3 overexpression in bladder cancer. Furthermore, the relationship between HMGB1 mRNA and IGF2PB3 is also observed in mammalian embryonic development, with the expression of both genes gradually decreasing as embryonic development progresses. CONCLUSIONS Our present study sheds light on the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms governing IGF2BP3 expression, underscoring the critical involvement of the IGF2BP3-HMGB1 axis in driving bladder cancer progression. Additionally, it advocates for the investigation of inhibiting IGF2BP3-HMGB1 as a viable therapeutic approach for treating bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lv
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Qinqin Wei
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jianxiao Zhang
- Medical Consulting Center, Hebei Children's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050030, Hebei, China
| | - Yitong Dong
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenglei Shan
- The Second Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Na Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Po Bian
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Qiyi Yi
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Chen F, Tang H, Cai X, Lin J, Xiang L, Kang R, Liu J, Tang D. Targeting paraptosis in cancer: opportunities and challenges. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:349-363. [PMID: 38177306 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Cell death can be classified into two primary categories: accidental cell death and regulated cell death (RCD). Within RCD, there are distinct apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death pathways. Among the various forms of non-apoptotic RCD, paraptosis stands out as a unique mechanism characterized by distinct morphological changes within cells. These alterations encompass cytoplasmic vacuolization, organelle swelling, notably in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and the absence of typical apoptotic features, such as cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation. Biochemically, paraptosis distinguishes itself by its independence from caspases, which are conventionally associated with apoptotic death. This intriguing cell death pathway can be initiated by various cellular stressors, including oxidative stress, protein misfolding, and specific chemical compounds. Dysregulated paraptosis plays a pivotal role in several critical cancer-related processes, such as autophagic degradation, drug resistance, and angiogenesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in our understanding of the mechanisms and regulation of paraptosis. Additionally, it delves into the potential of paraptosis-related compounds for targeted cancer treatment, with the aim of enhancing treatment efficacy while minimizing harm to healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangquan Chen
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Hu Tang
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Xiutao Cai
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Junhao Lin
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Limin Xiang
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510150, China.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Xu Q, Zhang J, Lu Y, Wu L. Association of metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease with polycystic ovary syndrome. iScience 2024; 27:108783. [PMID: 38292434 PMCID: PMC10825666 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which has a prevalence of over 25% in adults, encompasses a wide spectrum of liver diseases. Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the new term for NAFLD, is characterized by steatotic liver disease accompanied by cardiometabolic criteria, showing a strong correlation with metabolic diseases. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disease affecting 4-21% of women of reproductive age. Numerous studies have indicated that NAFLD and PCOS often occur together. However, as MASLD is a new term, there is still a lack of reports describing the effects of MASLD on the development of PCOS. In this review article, we have summarized the complex and multifaceted connections between MASLD and PCOS. Understanding the pathogenesis and treatment methods could not only guide the clinical prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of PCOS in patients with MASLD, but also increase the clinical attention of reproductive doctors to MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Xu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolism and Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Metabolism and Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Huang J, Chen X, Liu J. High mobility group box 1 promotes endometriosis under hypoxia by regulating inflammation and autophagy in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111397. [PMID: 38134596 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a chronic disease. Our previous study identified a positive correlation between high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and endometriosis, and HMGB1 and inflammation. However, the precise roles of HMGB1 in endometriosis are not fully elucidated. METHODS We overexpressed HMGB1 in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and autophagy-related markers were detected by Western blot and ELISA. We generated HMGB1 deficient mice and established the murine model of endometriosis. The development of endometriosis was evaluated. The expression of cytokines and markers of autophagy in implant lesions and mouse endometrial stromal cells was measured. RESULTS Overexpression of HMGB1 in HESCs promoted the pro-inflammatory cytokines production and expression of autophagy-related markers. HMGB1 deficient mice had less implant lesions, decreased inflammatory cytokines level and down-regulated autophagy-related markers in implant lesions and mouse endometrial stromal cells. CONCLUSION HMGB1 promotes endometriosis by regulating inflammation and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Jiangrui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
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Lv M, Wang Y, Yu J, Kong Y, Zhou H, Zhang A, Wang X. Grass carp Il-2 promotes neutrophil extracellular traps formation via inducing ROS production and autophagy in vitro. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 144:109261. [PMID: 38040137 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-2 has been reported to regulate neutrophil functions in humans, mice, pigs and chicken although it is a key regulator of T cells. Consistently, we found that grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) interleukin-2 (gcIl-2) is capable of modulating the antimicrobial activities of neutrophils via regulating granzyme B- and perforin-like gene expression in our previous study. In the present study, stimulation of gcIl-2 on neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation in grass carp neutrophils was demonstrated by detecting free DNA release, histone H3 citrullination and morphological changes of the cells. Further investigation revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from NADPH oxidase but not mitochondria was involved in NETosis induced by gcIl-2. Aside from ROS, autophagy was disclosed to be indispensable for NETosis induced by gcIl-2. These converging lines of evidence suggested that fish Il-2 could induce NETs formation via NADPH oxidase-derived ROS- and autophagy-dependent pathways in fish species which is evolutionarily conserved with that in mammals. It is noteworthy that these two pathways did not interplay with each other in Il-2-stimulated NETosis. The mechanisms governing autophagy induced by Il-2 were also explored in the present study, showing that Il-2 modulated the action of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein to stimulate autophagy, leading to NETs formation in fish neutrophils. These results provided a new insight to the function of Il-2 in fish neutrophils, and a clue about the regulation of NETosis in the lower vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Lv
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhi Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyun Kong
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Anying Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Chen R, Zou J, Kang R, Tang D. The Redox Protein High-Mobility Group Box 1 in Cell Death and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:569-590. [PMID: 36999916 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Significance: As a redox-sensitive protein, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is implicated in regulating stress responses to oxidative damage and cell death, which are closely related to the pathology of inflammatory diseases, including cancer. Recent Advances: HMGB1 is a nonhistone nuclear protein that acts as a deoxyribonucleic acid chaperone to control chromosomal structure and function. HMGB1 can also be released into the extracellular space and function as a damage-associated molecular pattern protein during cell death, including during apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, alkaliptosis, and cuproptosis. Once released, HMGB1 binds to membrane receptors to shape immune and metabolic responses. In addition to subcellular localization, the function and activity of HMGB1 also depend on its redox state and protein posttranslational modifications. Abnormal HMGB1 plays a dual role in tumorigenesis and anticancer therapy (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy) depending on the tumor types and stages. Critical Issues: A comprehensive understanding of the role of HMGB1 in cellular redox homeostasis is important for deciphering normal cellular functions and pathological manifestations. In this review, we discuss compartmental-defined roles of HMGB1 in regulating cell death and cancer. Understanding these advances may help us develop potential HMGB1-targeting drugs or approaches to treat oxidative stress-related diseases or pathological conditions. Future Directions: Further studies are required to dissect the mechanism by which HMGB1 maintains redox homeostasis under different stress conditions. A multidisciplinary effort is also required to evaluate the potential applications of precisely targeting the HMGB1 pathway in human health and disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 569-590.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis; Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ju Zou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis; Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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8
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Şik N, Duman M, Küme T, Gürsoy Doruk Ö, Yilmaz D, Ören H. Roles of Vitamin-K-dependent Factors Protein S and GAS6 With TAM Receptors and HMGB1 in Pediatric COVID-19 Disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:e298-e303. [PMID: 35973116 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate serum high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), protein S (PS), growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6), and TAM receptor (TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK) levels in children with COVID-19 disease. METHODS A prospective case-control study was conducted in our pediatric emergency department and 57 patients with SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity, 6 patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), and 17 healthy children were included. Demographic data, clinical findings, laboratory and radiologic data, the need for hospitalization, and prognosis were recorded. Serum HMGB1, PS, GAS6, and TAM receptor levels were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. RESULTS While SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients and healthy controls were similar in terms of gender and age, GAS6 and MERTK levels were significantly lower in SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients compared with healthy controls. Among SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive patients, no difference was found in terms of serum markers in those with and without gastrointestinal or respiratory system symptoms. However, in patients with respiratory distress at admission, PS and TYRO3 levels were significantly lower. AXL levels were lower in patients diagnosed with MIS-C compared with healthy controls. Activated partial thromboplastin time was negatively correlated with HMGB1, PS, GAS6, and AXL levels. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that such measurements may be informative and warranted in children with COVID-19 who show evidence of coagulopathy and respiratory distress. Further studies are needed to clarify the roles of these markers in diagnosis, to predict clinical severity, and to evaluate their roles in treatment approaches for COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihan Şik
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care; Department of Pediatrics
| | - Murat Duman
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care; Department of Pediatrics
| | - Tuncay Küme
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Department of Biochemistry
| | | | - Durgül Yilmaz
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Care; Department of Pediatrics
| | - Hale Ören
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Bashiri H, Tabatabaeian H. Autophagy: A Potential Therapeutic Target to Tackle Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076019. [PMID: 37046991 PMCID: PMC10094562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent hematologic malignancy. In the past few years, the survival of MM patients has increased due to the emergence of novel drugs and combination therapies. Nevertheless, one of the significant obstacles in treating most MM patients is drug resistance, especially for individuals who have experienced relapses or developed resistance to such cutting-edge treatments. One of the critical processes in developing drug resistance in MM is autophagic activity, an intracellular self-digestive process. Several possible strategies of autophagy involvement in the induction of MM-drug resistance have been demonstrated thus far. In multiple myeloma, it has been shown that High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1)-dependent autophagy can contribute to drug resistance. Moreover, activation of autophagy via proteasome suppression induces drug resistance. Additionally, the effectiveness of clarithromycin as a supplemental drug in treating MM has been reported recently, in which autophagy blockage is proposed as one of the potential action mechanisms of CAM. Thus, a promising therapeutic approach that targets autophagy to trigger the death of MM cells and improve drug susceptibility could be considered. In this review, autophagy has been addressed as a survival strategy crucial for drug resistance in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Bashiri
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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Development of a 5-FU modified miR-129 mimic as a therapeutic for non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 28:277-292. [PMID: 36911069 PMCID: PMC9995506 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for most cases. Despite advances in cancer therapeutics, the 5-year survival rate has remained poor due to several contributing factors, including its resistance to therapeutics. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop therapeutics that can overcome resistance. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), have been found to contribute to cancer resistance and therapeutics by modulating the expression of several targets involving multiple key mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of miR-129 modified with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in NSCLC. Our results show that 5-FU modified miR-129 (5-FU-miR-129) inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and retains function as an miRNA in NSCLC cell lines A549 and Calu-1. Notably, we observed that 5-FU-miR-129 was able to overcome resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and chemotherapy in cell lines resistant to erlotinib or 5-FU. Furthermore, we observed that the inhibitory effect of 5-FU-miR-129 can also be achieved in NSCLC cells under vehicle-free conditions. Finally, 5-FU-miR-129 inhibited NSCLC tumor growth and extended survival in vivo without toxic side effects. Altogether, our results demonstrate the potential of 5-FU-miR-129 as a highly potent cancer therapeutic in NSCLC.
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11
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Zeng X, Xin J, Liu K, Deng W, Liu F. The protective role of HMGB1 in affecting the balance between autophagy and pyroptosis to maintain neutrophils homeostasis during β-glucan-induced mice lung inflammation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114637. [PMID: 36774802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fungal contamination is omnipresent, and inhalation of fungi-contaminated organic dust leads to hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), in which neutrophils played a pivotal role. Existing studies have suggested that cell homeostasis is crucial for the pathogenesis of the inflammatory disease. Although HMGB1 has been shown to contribute to suppressing HP, there is a lack of studies on its mechanisms, especially the regulation of neutrophil homeostasis. This study aims to investigate how HMGB1 regulates neutrophil function by affecting neutrophil homeostasis, and then affects lung inflammation induced by β-glucan, the exposure marker of fungi. Our results showed that deficient HMGB1 led to neutrophil death by disrupting the balance between autophagy and pyroptosis after β-glucan treatment. And HMGB1 deficiency exacerbated the β-glucan-induced lung inflammation and neutrophil dysfunction both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, HMGB1 contributed to remodeling neutrophil function by restricting autophagy and aggravating pyroptosis β-glucan exposure. Our funding suggested that HMGB1 deficiency could break the balance between autophagy and pyroptosis towards pyroptosis to cause neutrophil dysfunction during the exacerbated inflammatory response, which provides insights into the pathogenesis of HP and the potential biological targets for its treatment. DATA AVAILABILITY: The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinning Zeng
- School of Public Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China; Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jiaxuan Xin
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Kaiyue Liu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Wei Deng
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Fangwei Liu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
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12
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Chaudhary N, Srivastava S, Gupta S, Menon MB, Patel AK. Dengue virus induced autophagy is mediated by HMGB1 and promotes viral propagation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:624-635. [PMID: 36587643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) exploits various cellular pathways including autophagy to assure enhanced virus propagation. The mechanisms of DENV mediated control of autophagy pathway are largely unknown. Our investigations have revealed a novel role for high-mobility group box1 protein (HMGB1) in regulation of cellular autophagy process in DENV-2 infected A549 cell line. While induction of autophagy by rapamycin treatment resulted in enhanced DENV-2 propagation, the blockade of autophagy flux with bafilomycin A1 suppressed viral replication. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated silencing of HMGB1 significantly abrogated dengue induced autophagy, while LPS induced HMGB1 expression counteracted these effects. Interestingly, silencing of HMGB1 showed reduction of BECN1 and stabilization of BCL-2 protein. On the contrary, LPS induction of HMGB1 resulted in enhanced BECN1 and reduction in BCL-2 levels. This study shows that the modulation of autophagy by DENV-2 is HMGB1/BECN1 dependent. In addition, glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a potent HMGB1 inhibitor suppressed autophagy as well as DENV-2 replication. Altogether, our data suggests that HMGB1 induces BECN1 dependent autophagy to promote DENV-2 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Chaudhary
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shikha Srivastava
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sunny Gupta
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Manoj B Menon
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar Patel
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India.
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13
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Dasatinib causes keratinocyte apoptosis via inhibiting high mobility group Box 1-mediated mitophagy. Toxicol Lett 2023; 373:22-32. [PMID: 36375637 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Dasatinib, a second-generation BCR-ABL inhibitor, is currently used as first-line treatment for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. However, dasatinib treatment increases the risk of severe cutaneous toxicity, which limits its long-term safe use in clinic. The underlying mechanism for dasatinib-induced cutaneous toxicity has not been clarified. In this study, we tested the toxicity of dasatinib on human immortal keratinocyte line (HaCaT) and normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). We found that dasatinib directly caused cytotoxicity on keratinocytes, which could be the explanation of the clinical characteristic of pathology. Mechanistically, dasatinib impaired mitophagy by downregulating HMGB1 protein level in keratinocytes, which led to the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria. Mitochondria-derived ROS caused DNA damage and cell apoptosis. More importantly, we confirmed that overexpression of HMGB1 could reverse dasatinib-induced keratinocyte apoptosis, and preliminarily explored the intervention effect of saikosaponin A, which could increase HMGB1 expression, on cutaneous toxicity caused by dasatinib. Collectively, our study revealed that dasatinib induced keratinocyte apoptosis via inhibiting HMGB1-mediated mitophagy and saikosaponin A could be a viable strategy for prevention of dasatinib-induced cutaneous toxicity.
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14
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Iachettini S, Ciccarone F, Maresca C, D' Angelo C, Petti E, Di Vito S, Ciriolo MR, Zizza P, Biroccio A. The telomeric protein TERF2/TRF2 impairs HMGB1-driven autophagy. Autophagy 2022:1-12. [PMID: 36310382 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2138687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TERF2/TRF2 is a pleiotropic telomeric protein that plays a crucial role in tumor formation and progression through several telomere-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Here, we uncovered a novel function for this protein in regulating the macroautophagic/autophagic process upon different stimuli. By using both biochemical and cell biology approaches, we found that TERF2 binds to the non-histone chromatin-associated protein HMGB1, and this interaction is functional to the nuclear/cytoplasmic protein localization. Specifically, silencing of TERF2 alters the redox status of the cells, further exacerbated upon EBSS nutrient starvation, promoting the cytosolic translocation and the autophagic activity of HMGB1. Conversely, overexpression of wild-type TERF2, but not the mutant unable to bind HMGB1, negatively affects the cytosolic translocation of HMGB1, counteracting the stimulatory effect of EBSS starvation. Moreover, genetic depletion of HMGB1 or treatment with inflachromene, a specific inhibitor of its cytosolic translocation, completely abolished the pro-autophagic activity of TERF2 silencing. In conclusion, our data highlighted a novel mechanism through which TERF2 modulates the autophagic process, thus demonstrating the key role of the telomeric protein in regulating a process that is fundamental, under both physiological and pathological conditions, in defining the fate of the cells.Abbreviations: ALs: autolysosomes; ALT: alternative lengthening of telomeres; ATG: autophagy related; ATM: ATM serine/threonine kinase; CQ: Chloroquine; DCFDA: 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate; DDR: DNA damage response; DHE: dihydroethidium; EBSS: Earle's balanced salt solution; FACS: fluorescence-activated cell sorting; GFP: green fluorescent protein; EGFP: enhanced green fluorescent protein; GSH: reduced glutathione; GSSG: oxidized glutathione; HMGB1: high mobility group box 1; ICM: inflachromene; IF: immunofluorescence; IP: immunoprecipitation; NAC: N-acetyl-L-cysteine; NHEJ: non-homologous end joining; PLA: proximity ligation assay; RFP: red fluorescent protein; ROS: reactive oxygen species; TIF: telomere-induced foci; TERF2/TRF2: telomeric repeat binding factor 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Iachettini
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciccarone
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Biochemistry of aging section, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Maresca
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen D' Angelo
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Petti
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Di Vito
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Biochemistry of aging section, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Zizza
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Biroccio
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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15
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Sharma P, Yadav P, Sundaram S, Venkatraman G, Bera AK, Karunagaran D. HMGB3 inhibition by miR-142-3p/sh-RNA modulates autophagy and induces apoptosis via ROS accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction and reduces the tumorigenic potential of human breast cancer cells. Life Sci 2022; 304:120727. [PMID: 35753437 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS High mobility group box (HMGB) family proteins, HMGB1, HMGB2, HMGB3, and HMGB4 are oncogenic. The oncogenic nature of HMGB1 is characterized by its association with autophagy, ROS, and MMP. Since HMGB3 is its paralog, we hypothesized that it might also modulate autophagy, ROS, and MMP. Hence, we targeted HMGB3 using its shRNA or miR-142-3p and assessed the changes in autophagy, ROS, MMP, and tumorigenic properties of human breast cancer cells. MAIN METHODS Cell viability was assessed by resazurin staining and annexin-V/PI dual staining was used for confirming apoptosis. Colony formation, transwell migration, invasion and luciferase reporter (for miRNA-target validation) assays were also performed. ROS and MMP were detected using DHE and MitoTracker dyes, respectively. A zebrafish xenograft model was used to assess the role of miR-142-3p on in vivo metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. KEY FINDINGS Breast cancer tissues from Indian patients and TCGA samples exhibit overexpression of HMGB3. miR-142-3p binds to 3' UTR of HMGB3, leading to its downregulation that subsequently inhibits colony formation and induces apoptosis involving increased ROS accumulation and decreased MMP, phospho-mTOR and STAT3. Our findings show that HMGB3 is directly involved in the miR-142-3p-mediated disruption of autophagy and induction of apoptotic cell death via modulation of LC3, cleaved PARP and Bcl-xL. In addition, miR-142-3p inhibited migration, invasion and metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlighted the role of HMGB3, for the first time, in the modulation of autophagy and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells, and these results have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanshu Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Sandhya Sundaram
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Amal Kanti Bera
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Devarajan Karunagaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
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16
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Hasan A, Rizvi SF, Parveen S, Pathak N, Nazir A, Mir SS. Crosstalk Between ROS and Autophagy in Tumorigenesis: Understanding the Multifaceted Paradox. Front Oncol 2022; 12:852424. [PMID: 35359388 PMCID: PMC8960719 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.852424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer formation is a highly regulated and complex process, largely dependent on its microenvironment. This complexity highlights the need for developing novel target-based therapies depending on cancer phenotype and genotype. Autophagy, a catabolic process, removes damaged and defective cellular materials through lysosomes. It is activated in response to stress conditions such as nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is induced by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are multifaceted molecules that drive several pathophysiological conditions, including cancer. Moreover, autophagy also plays a dual role, initially inhibiting tumor formation but promoting tumor progression during advanced stages. Mounting evidence has suggested an intricate crosstalk between autophagy and ROS where they can either suppress cancer formation or promote disease etiology. This review highlights the regulatory roles of autophagy and ROS from tumor induction to metastasis. We also discuss the therapeutic strategies that have been devised so far to combat cancer. Based on the review, we finally present some gap areas that could be targeted and may provide a basis for cancer suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Suroor Fatima Rizvi
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sana Parveen
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Neelam Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. RML Avadh University, Faizabad, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Molecular Toxicology, Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Snober S Mir
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Lucknow, India.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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17
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Pavel M, Tanasa R, Park SJ, Rubinsztein DC. The complexity of biological control systems: An autophagy case study. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2100224. [PMID: 35032045 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy and YAP1-WWTR1/TAZ signalling are tightly linked in a complex control system of forward and feedback pathways which determine different cellular outcomes in differing cell types at different time-points after perturbations. Here we extend our previous experimental and modelling approaches to consider two possibilities. First, we have performed additional mathematical modelling to explore how the autophagy-YAP1 crosstalk may be controlled by posttranslational modifications of components of the pathways. Second, since analogous contrasting results have also been reported for autophagy as a regulator of other transduction pathways engaged in tumorigenesis (Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β/Smads, NF-kB or XIAP/cIAPs), we have considered if such discrepancies may be explicable through situations involving competing pathways and feedback loops in different cell types, analogous to the autophagy-YAP/TAZ situation. Since distinct posttranslational modifications dominate those pathways in distinct cells, these need to be understood to enable appropriate cell type-specific therapeutic strategies for cancers and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pavel
- Department of Immunology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Tanasa
- Department of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - So Jung Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge, UK
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18
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Ismail N, Sharma A, Soong L, Walker DH. Review: Protective Immunity and Immunopathology of Ehrlichiosis. ZOONOSES (BURLINGTON, MASS.) 2022; 2:10.15212/zoonoses-2022-0009. [PMID: 35876763 PMCID: PMC9300479 DOI: 10.15212/zoonoses-2022-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis, a tick transmitted infection, ranges in severity from apparently subclinical to a fatal toxic shock-like fatal disease. Models in immunocompetent mice range from an abortive infection to uniformly lethal depending on the infecting Ehrlichia species, dose of inoculum, and route of inoculation. Effective immunity is mediated by CD4+ T lymphocytes and gamma interferon. Lethal infection occurs with early overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and overproduction of TNF alpha and IL-10 by CD8+ T lymphocytes. Furthermore, fatal ehrlichiosis is associated with signaling via TLR 9/MyD88 with upregulation of several inflammasome complexes and secretion of IL-1 beta, IL-1 alpha, and IL-18 by hepatic mononuclear cells, suggesting activation of canonical and noncanonical inflammasome pathways, a deleterious role for IL-18, and the protective role for caspase 1. Autophagy promotes ehrlichial infection, and MyD88 signaling hinders ehrlichial infection by inhibiting autophagy induction and flux. Activation of caspase 11 during infection of hepatocytes by the lethal ehrlichial species after interferon alpha receptor signaling results in the production of inflammasome-dependent IL-1 beta, extracellular secretion of HMGB1, and pyroptosis. The high level of HMGB1 in lethal ehrlichiosis suggests a role in toxic shock. Studies of primary bone marrow-derived macrophages infected by highly avirulent or mildly avirulent ehrlichiae reveal divergent M1 and M2 macrophage polarization that links with generation of pathogenic CD8 T cells, neutrophils, and excessive inflammation or with strong expansion of protective Th1 and NKT cells, resolution of inflammation and clearance of infection, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed Ismail
- Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago-College of Medicine, University of Illinois Hospitals & Health Science System, Chicago, IL
| | - Aditya Sharma
- Clinical Microbiology, Laboratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago-College of Medicine, University of Illinois Hospitals & Health Science System, Chicago, IL
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense & Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - David H. Walker
- Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense & Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
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19
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Ethanol potentiates mirtazapine-induced cardiotoxicity by inducing dysfunctional autophagy via HMGB1-dependent Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Toxicol Lett 2022; 358:27-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Zeng X, Liu F, Liu K, Xin J, Chen J. HMGB1 could restrict 1,3-β-glucan induced mice lung inflammation by affecting Beclin1 and Bcl2 interaction and promoting the autophagy of epithelial cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112460. [PMID: 34243113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fungi were microorganisms that are ubiquitous in a variety of environments. Inhalation of fungi-contaminated organic dust led to hypersensitivity pneumonitis and might eventually cause irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Studies showed that maintaining the homeostasis of epithelial cells was vital for defending the exogenous fungi invasion. HMGB1-dependent autophagy played a critical role in maintaining cell homeostasis in multiple inflammatory diseases. However, the actual role of HMGB1-dependent autophagy in hypersensitivity pneumonitis was unclear. In our study, mice were exposed to 0.3 mg/50 μL 1,3-β-glucan solution by intratracheal instillation to set up the lung inflammation model. To investigate the role of HMGB1-dependent autophagy in 1,3-β-glucan induced lung inflammation, AAV-sh-HMGB1 was intratracheally injected to silence HMGB1 in the lung. Our finding suggested that silencing HMGB1 could aggravate the 1,3-β-glucan induced lung inflammation by inhibiting the autophagy of epithelial cells. And ubiquitination of Beclin1 contributed to decreasing the interaction of Beclin1 and Bcl2, which might be a key regulatory mechanism of HMGB1 on 1,3-β-glucan induced autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinning Zeng
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Fangwei Liu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Kaiyue Liu
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jiaxuan Xin
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
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21
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Yu Y, Ou-Yang WX, Zhang H, Jiang T, Tang L, Tan YF, Luo HY, Xiao ZH, Li SJ. MiR-125b enhances autophagic flux to improve septic cardiomyopathy via targeting STAT3/HMGB1. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112842. [PMID: 34563514 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We explore the role of miR-125b in septic cardiomyopathy, focusing on miR-125b/STAT3/HMGB1 axis. CLP mouse model and LPS-stimulated primary rat cardiomyocytes (CMs) and H9C2 cell were used as in vivo and in vitro models of septic cardiomyopathy, respectively. qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to measure expression levels of miR-125b, STAT3, HMGB1, and autophagy-related proteins. MTT assay was employed to examine LPS toxicity. Dual luciferase activity assay and CHIP were performed to validate interactions of miR-125b/STAT3 and STAT3/HMGB1 promoter. Immunostaining was used to assess the level of autophagic flux. ROS level was measured by fluorescence assay. Heart functions were examined via intracoronary Doppler ultrasound. miR-125b was diminished while STAT3 and HMGB1 were elevated in the heart tissue following CLP surgery and in LPS-treated H9C2 cells. LPS treatment up-regulated ROS generation and suppressed autophagic flux. Overexpression of miR-125b mimics or knockdown of STAT3 or HMGB1 alleviated LPS-induced hindrance of autophagic flux and ROS production. miR-125b directly targeted STAT3 mRNA and STAT3 bound with HMGB1 promoter. Overexpression of miR-125b mitigated myocardial dysfunction induced by CLP in vivo. Hyperactivation of STAT3/HMGB1 caused by reduced miR-125b contributes to ROS generation and the hindrance of autophagic flux during septic cardiomyopathy, leading to myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Liver Disease Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Wen-Xian Ou-Yang
- Liver Disease Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Liver Disease Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Liver Disease Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Lian Tang
- Liver Disease Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yan-Fang Tan
- Liver Disease Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Hai-Yan Luo
- Liver Disease Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Zheng-Hui Xiao
- Emergence Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Shuang-Jie Li
- Liver Disease Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan Province, PR China.
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22
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Quiros-Fernandez I, Figueroa-Protti L, Arias-Arias JL, Brenes-Cordero N, Siles F, Mora J, Mora-Rodríguez RA. Perturbation-Based Modeling Unveils the Autophagic Modulation of Chemosensitivity and Immunogenicity in Breast Cancer Cells. Metabolites 2021; 11:637. [PMID: 34564453 PMCID: PMC8469554 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the absence of new therapeutic strategies, chemotherapeutic drugs are the most widely used strategy against metastatic breast cancer, in spite of eliciting multiple adverse effects and having low responses with an average 5-year patient survival rate. Among the new therapeutic targets that are currently in clinical trials, here, we addressed the association between the regulation of the metabolic process of autophagy and the exposure of damage-associated molecular patterns associated (DAMPs) to immunogenic cell death (ICD), which has not been previously studied. After validating an mCHR-GFP tandem LC3 sensor capacity to report dynamic changes of the autophagic metabolic flux in response to external stimuli and demonstrating that both basal autophagy levels and response to diverse autophagy regulators fluctuate among different cell lines, we explored the interaction between autophagy modulators and chemotherapeutic agents in regards of cytotoxicity and ICD using three different breast cancer cell lines. Since these interactions are very complex and variable throughout different cell lines, we designed a perturbation-based model in which we propose specific modes of action of chemotherapeutic agents on the autophagic flux and the corresponding strategies of modulation to enhance the response to chemotherapy. Our results point towards a promising therapeutic potential of the metabolic regulation of autophagy to overcome chemotherapy resistance by eliciting ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Quiros-Fernandez
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET), Laboratory of Tumor Chemosensitivity (LQT), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (I.Q.-F.); (L.F.-P.); (J.L.A.-A.); (N.B.-C.); (F.S.); (J.M.)
- DC Laboratory, Laboratory of Surgery and Cancer, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Master’s Program in Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Lucía Figueroa-Protti
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET), Laboratory of Tumor Chemosensitivity (LQT), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (I.Q.-F.); (L.F.-P.); (J.L.A.-A.); (N.B.-C.); (F.S.); (J.M.)
- DC Laboratory, Laboratory of Surgery and Cancer, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Jorge L. Arias-Arias
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET), Laboratory of Tumor Chemosensitivity (LQT), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (I.Q.-F.); (L.F.-P.); (J.L.A.-A.); (N.B.-C.); (F.S.); (J.M.)
- Dulbecco Laboratory Studio, Residencial Lisboa 2G, Alajuela 20102, Costa Rica
| | - Norman Brenes-Cordero
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET), Laboratory of Tumor Chemosensitivity (LQT), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (I.Q.-F.); (L.F.-P.); (J.L.A.-A.); (N.B.-C.); (F.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Francisco Siles
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET), Laboratory of Tumor Chemosensitivity (LQT), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (I.Q.-F.); (L.F.-P.); (J.L.A.-A.); (N.B.-C.); (F.S.); (J.M.)
- DC Laboratory, Laboratory of Surgery and Cancer, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems Laboratory (PRIS-Lab), Department of Electrical Engineering and Postgraduate Studies in Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Javier Mora
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET), Laboratory of Tumor Chemosensitivity (LQT), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (I.Q.-F.); (L.F.-P.); (J.L.A.-A.); (N.B.-C.); (F.S.); (J.M.)
- DC Laboratory, Laboratory of Surgery and Cancer, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Rodrigo Antonio Mora-Rodríguez
- Research Center for Tropical Diseases (CIET), Laboratory of Tumor Chemosensitivity (LQT), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica; (I.Q.-F.); (L.F.-P.); (J.L.A.-A.); (N.B.-C.); (F.S.); (J.M.)
- DC Laboratory, Laboratory of Surgery and Cancer, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
- Master’s Program in Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
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23
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Huang X, Glessner JT, Huang J, Zhou D, March ME, Wang H, Xia Q, Hakonarson H, Li J. Discovery of Novel Host Molecular Factors Underlying HBV/HCV Infection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:690882. [PMID: 34458256 PMCID: PMC8397444 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.690882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver, which is frequently caused by the infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). Hepatitis can lead to the development of chronic complications including cancer, making it a major public health burden. Co-infection of HBV and HCV can result in faster disease progression. Therefore, it is important to identify shared genetic susceptibility loci for HBV and HCV infection to further understand the underlying mechanism. Through a meta-analysis based on genome-wide association summary statistics of HBV and HCV infection, we found one novel locus in the Asian population and two novel loci in the European population. By functional annotation based on multi-omics data, we identified the likely target genes at each novel locus, such as HMGB1 and ATF3, which play a critical role in autophagy and immune response to virus. By re-analyzing a microarray dataset from Hmgb1–/– mice and RNA-seq data from mouse liver tissue overexpressing ATF3, we found that differential expression of autophagy and immune and metabolic gene pathways underlie these conditions. Our study reveals novel common susceptibility loci to HBV and HCV infection, supporting their role in linking autophagy signaling and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubo Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joseph T Glessner
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jinxia Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Desheng Zhou
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael E March
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hongna Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianghua Xia
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Division of Human Genetics and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jin Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Xu Z, Jin Y, Gao Z, Zeng Y, Du J, Yan H, Chen X, Ping L, Lin N, Yang B, He Q, Luo P. Autophagic degradation of CCN2 (cellular communication network factor 2) causes cardiotoxicity of sunitinib. Autophagy 2021; 18:1152-1173. [PMID: 34432562 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1965712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive macroautophagy/autophagy is one of the causes of cardiomyocyte death induced by cardiovascular diseases or cancer therapy, yet the underlying mechanism remains unknown. We and other groups previously reported that autophagy might contribute to cardiomyocyte death caused by sunitinib, a tumor angiogenesis inhibitor that is widely used in clinic, which may help to understand the mechanism of autophagy-induced cardiomyocyte death. Here, we found that sunitinib-induced autophagy leads to apoptosis of cardiomyocyte and cardiac dysfunction as the cardiomyocyte-specific Atg7-/+ heterozygous mice are resistant to sunitinib. Sunitinib-induced maladaptive autophagy selectively degrades the cardiomyocyte survival mediator CCN2 (cellular communication network factor 2) through the TOLLIP (toll interacting protein)-mediated endosome-related pathway and cardiomyocyte-specific knockdown of Ccn2 through adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) mimics sunitinib-induced cardiac dysfunction in vivo, suggesting that the autophagic degradation of CCN2 is one of the causes of sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity and death of cardiomyocytes. Remarkably, deletion of Hmgb1 (high mobility group box 1) inhibited sunitinib-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis, and the HMGB1-specific inhibitor glycyrrhizic acid (GA) significantly mitigated sunitinib-induced autophagy, cardiomyocyte death and cardiotoxicity. Our study reveals a novel target protein of autophagic degradation in the regulation of cardiomyocyte death and highlights the pharmacological inhibitor of HMGB1 as an attractive approach for improving the safety of sunitinib-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Ying Jin
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Zizheng Gao
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Jiangxia Du
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Hao Yan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Li Ping
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Nengming Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China.,Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R.China.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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25
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Zhao J, Ran M, Yang T, Chen L, Ji P, Xu X, Zhang L, Sun S, Liu X, Zhou S, Zhou L, Zhang J. Bicyclol Alleviates Signs of BDL-Induced Cholestasis by Regulating Bile Acids and Autophagy-Mediated HMGB1/p62/Nrf2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:686502. [PMID: 34366845 PMCID: PMC8334002 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.686502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is a liver disease characterized by the accumulation of toxic bile salts, bilirubin, and cholesterol, resulting in hepatocellular damage. Recent findings have revealed several key steps of cholestasis liver injury including the toxicity of bile acids and accumulation of proinflammatory mediator. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of bicyclol in cholestasis caused by bile duct ligation (BDL), as well as relevant mechanisms. Bicyclol attenuated liver damage in BDL mice by increasing the levels of hydrophilic bile acid such as α-MCA and β-MCA, regulating bile acid-related pathways and improving histopathological indexes. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an extracellular damage-associated molecular pattern molecule which can be used as biomarkers of cells and host defense. Bicyclol treatment decreased extracellular release of HMGB1. In addition, HMGB1 is also involved in regulating autophagy in response to oxidative stress. Bicyclol promoted the lipidation of LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3)-Ⅱ to activate autophagy. The nuclear factor, E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its antioxidant downstream genes were also activated. Our results indicate that bicyclol is a promising therapeutic strategy for cholestasis by regulating the bile acids and autophagy-mediated HMGB1/p62/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Maojuan Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Peixu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuxiu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Simin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
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26
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Feng L, Liang L, Zhang S, Yang J, Yue Y, Zhang X. HMGB1 downregulation in retinal pigment epithelial cells protects against diabetic retinopathy through the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Autophagy 2021; 18:320-339. [PMID: 34024230 PMCID: PMC8942416 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1926655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus and currently one of the major causes of blindness. Several previous studies have demonstrated that autophagy, which is regulated by HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1), is involved in DR development. However, the role of autophagy in DR is quite complicated in that it promotes pericyte survival in early DR, whereas excessive autophagy causes excess stress and leads to necrosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between HMGB1, the macroautophagy/autophagy-lysosome pathway, and DR, as well as their underlying molecular mechanisms. In brief, the relationship between high glucose (HG) and the autophagy-lysosome pathway was examined in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The relationship was studied by detecting classical autophagic features, and siRNAs targeting HMGB1 and pharmacological regulators were used to explore the role of the autophagy-lysosome pathway in DR development. The results demonstrated that HG inhibited autophagy and diminished the degradative capacity of autophagy due to lysosome membrane permeabilization (LMP). In addition, HMGB1 was found to be involved in LMP via the CTSB (cathepsin B)-dependent pathway, but not the CTSL (cathepsin L)-dependent pathway. Knockdown of HMGB1 expression rescued LMP, restored the degradative capacity of autophagy, decreased the expression of inflammatory factors and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), and protected against apoptosis in RPE cells in the early stages of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujia Feng
- Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Liang Liang
- Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Shaochong Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinglu Yang
- Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Yue
- Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xuedong Zhang
- Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, P. R. China
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27
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Zhao M, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Wang K, Wang X, Zhou D, Wang Y, Yu R, Zhou X. YAP promotes autophagy and progression of gliomas via upregulating HMGB1. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:99. [PMID: 33726796 PMCID: PMC7968184 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01897-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the hypoxia and nutrient deficiency microenvironment, glioblastoma (GBM) exhibits high autophagy activity and autophagy plays an important role in the progression of GBM. However, the molecular mechanism of autophagy in GBM progression remains unclear. The aim of this study is to delve out the role and mechanism of yes-associated protein (YAP) in GBM autophagy and progression. METHODS The level of autophagy or autophagy flux were assessed by using western blotting, GFP-LC3 puncta (Live) imaging, transmission electron microscopy and GFP-RFP-LC3 assay. The GBM progression was detected by using CCK8, EdU, nude mouse xenograft and Ki67 staining. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTraq) quantitative proteomics was used to find out the mediator of YAP in autophagy. Expression levels of YAP and HMGB1 in tissue samples from GBM patients were examined by Western blotting, tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS YAP over-expression enhanced glioma cell autophagy under basal and induced conditions. In addition, blocking autophagy by chloroquine abolished the promoting effect of YAP on glioma growth. Mechanistically, YAP over-expression promoted the transcription and translocation of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1), a well-known regulator of autophagy, from nucleus to cytoplasm. Down-regulation of HMGB1 abolished the promoting effect of YAP on autophagy and glioma growth. Furthermore, the expression of YAP and HMGB1 were positively associated with each other and suggested poor prognosis for clinical GBM. CONCLUSION YAP promoted glioma progression by enhancing HMGB1-mediated autophagy, indicating that YAP-HMGB1 axis was a feasible therapeutic target for GBM. Our study revealed a clinical opportunity involving the combination of chemo-radiotherapy with pharmacological autophagy inhibition for treating GBM patients with YAP high expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Present address: Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ding Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
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28
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Ishimwe N, Wei P, Wang M, Zhang H, Wang L, Jing M, Wen L, Zhang Y. Autophagy Impairment through Lysosome Dysfunction by Brucine Induces Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD). THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1915-1940. [PMID: 33308096 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an important tightly controlled cellular process that regulates cellular homeostasis and is involved in deciding cell fate such as cell survival and death. The role of autophagy in many intracellular signaling pathways explains its interaction with other different types of cell death, including apoptosis and immunogenic cell death (ICD). The reports showed the complex and intriguing relationship existing between autophagy and immune system signaling pathways. However, the role of autophagy in ICD remains to be clearly elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that Brucine, a clinically-used small molecule in traditional Chinese medicine, elicited autophagy inhibition. Brucine also triggered cell stress and induced features of ICD, including calreticulin (CRT) exposure and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release in MDA-MB-231 and CT26 cancer cells. Brucine impaired autolysosomal degradation and exerted a feedback regulation of ERK1/2-mTOR-p70S6K signaling cascade. Brucine-elicited ICD was confirmed by the rejection of CT26 tumor cells, implanted in the mice after vaccination with Brucine-treated CT26 cells. The impaired autophagy contributed to Brucine-induced ICD, as knock-down of Atg5 significantly reduced Brucine-elicited CRT exposure and HMGB1 release. Our results revealed Brucine as a novel autophagy regulator, ICD inducer and hitherto undocumented role of autophagy in ICD. Thus, these results imply the importance of Brucine in cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, Brucine may be used as an ICD inducer and improve its application in cancer treatment with minimized toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor Ishimwe
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| | - Meimei Wang
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| | - Liansheng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, P. R. China
| | - Manman Jing
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| | - Longping Wen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, P. R. China.,Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yunjiao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, P. R. China.,Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine and Institutes for Life Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
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29
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Niu L, Yang W, Duan L, Wang X, Li Y, Xu C, Liu C, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Liu J, Zhao Q, Han Y, Hong L, Fan D. Biological functions and theranostic potential of HMGB family members in human cancers. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920970850. [PMID: 33224279 PMCID: PMC7659026 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920970850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group box (HMGB) protein family consists of four members: HMGB1, 2, 3, and 4. They share similar amino acid sequences and identical functional regions, especially HMGB1, 2, and 3. The homology in structure may lead to similarity in function. In fact, though their targets may be different, they all possess the fundamental function of binding and distorting target DNAs. However, further research confirmed they are distributed differently in tissues and involved in various distinct physiological and pathological cellular processes, including cell proliferation, division, migration, and differentiation. Recently, the roles of HMGB family members in carcinogenesis has been widely investigated; however, systematic discussion on their functions and clinical values in malignant tumors is limited. In this review, we mainly review and summarize recent advances in knowledge of HMGB family members in terms of structure, distribution, biochemical cascades, and specific mechanisms regarding tumor progression. Importantly, the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value of these proteins in cancers is discussed. Finally, we envisage the orientation and challenges of this field in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liaoran Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lili Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yiding Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chengchao Xu
- 94719 Military Hospital, Ji'an, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Liu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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30
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Yan DY, Xu B. The Role of Autophagy in Manganese-Induced Neurotoxicity. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:574750. [PMID: 33041767 PMCID: PMC7522436 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.574750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn), an essential micronutrient, acts as a cofactor for multiple enzymes. Epidemiological investigations have shown that an excessive level of Mn is an important environmental factor involved in neurotoxicity. Frequent pollution of air and water by Mn is a serious threat to the health of the population. Overexposure to Mn is particularly detrimental to the central nervous system, leading to symptoms similar to several neurological disorders. Many different mechanisms have been implicated in Mn-induced neurotoxicity, including oxidative/nitrosative stress, toxic protein aggregation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, dysregulation of autophagy, and the apoptotic cascade, which together promote the progressive neurodegeneration of nerve cells. As a compensatory regulatory mechanism, autophagy plays dual roles in various biological activities under pathological stress conditions. Dysregulation of autophagy is involved in the development of neurodegenerative disorders, with recent emerging evidence indicating a strong, complex relationship between autophagy and Mn-induced neurotoxicity. This review discusses the connection between autophagy and Mn-induced neurotoxicity, especially alpha-synuclein oligomerization, ER stress, and aberrated protein S-nitrosylation, which will provide new insights to profoundly explore the precise mechanisms of Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ying Yan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Yuan S, Liu Z, Xu Z, Liu J, Zhang J. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1): a pivotal regulator of hematopoietic malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:91. [PMID: 32660524 PMCID: PMC7359022 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone chromatin-associated protein that has been widely reported to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic malignancies. As a representative damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), HMGB1 normally exists inside cells but can be secreted into the extracellular environment through passive or active release. Extracellular HMGB1 binds with several different receptors and interactors to mediate the proliferation, differentiation, mobilization, and senescence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). HMGB1 is also involved in the formation of the inflammatory bone marrow (BM) microenvironment by activating proinflammatory signaling pathways. Moreover, HMGB1-dependent autophagy induces chemotherapy resistance in leukemia and multiple myeloma. In this review, we systematically summarize the emerging roles of HMGB1 in carcinogenesis, progression, prognosis, and potential clinical applications in different hematopoietic malignancies. In summary, targeting the regulation of HMGB1 activity in HSCs and the BM microenvironment is highly beneficial in the diagnosis and treatment of various hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunling Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenru Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Zhang C, Hu J, Wang W, Sun Y, Sun K. HMGB1-induced aberrant autophagy contributes to insulin resistance in granulosa cells in PCOS. FASEB J 2020; 34:9563-9574. [PMID: 32469087 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000605rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) disrupts ovarian functions in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The contributing factors remains elusive. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule, has been shown to be related to IR and autophagy, respectively, in peripheral tissues. Here, we investigated whether increased HMGB1 contributes to IR in granulosa cells of PCOS patients via induction of aberrant autophagy. Results showed that HMGB1 abundance in the follicular fluid was significantly increased with enhanced autophagy in granulosa cells in PCOS patients with IR. HMGB1 exacerbated autophagy in granulosa cells as evinced by increased LC3B II/I ratio and ATG7 as well as decreased p62, the markers for autophagy. Concurrently, HMGB1 impaired insulin sensitivities by attenuating the abundance of insulin receptor substrate-1, Akt phosphorylation, GLUT4 translocation, and glucose uptake in granulosa cells, which were reversed by blocking autophagy pathways with siRNA-mediated knockdown of ATG7 or with chloroquine and bafilomycin A1, the lysosome inhibitors. In conclusion, our results indicate that increased HMGB1 contributes to IR development in granulosa cells of PCOS patients, which is associated with exacerbation of autophagy by HMGB1. Control of HMGB1 production may be benefical for the improvement of insulin sensitivity in granulosa cells in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyue Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Jingwen Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Wangsheng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Yun Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
| | - Kang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, P.R.China
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Street ME. HMGB1: A Possible Crucial Therapeutic Target for COVID-19? Horm Res Paediatr 2020; 93:73-75. [PMID: 32375153 PMCID: PMC7251586 DOI: 10.1159/000508291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabeth Street
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and Research Laboratory, Department of Mother and Child, Paediatrics, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy,
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Li N, Zhang RX, Xie XJ, Gu HF. Autophagy in chronic stress induced atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 503:70-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kang R, Zeh H, Lotze M, Tang D. The Multifaceted Effects of Autophagy on the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1225:99-114. [PMID: 32030650 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35727-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is composed of cancer cells, noncancer cells (e.g., immune cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, and adipocytes), and various mediators (e.g., cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and humoral factors) that work together to support cancer growth, progression, and resistance to therapies. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation mechanism by which various cytosolic cargos (e.g., damaged organelles, unused molecules, or invaded pathogens) are engulfed by double-membrane autophagosomes, and then delivered into the lysosome for degradation and recycling. The level of autophagy is a crucial threshold to either promote cell survival or induce cell death in response to environmental stresses. Autophagy plays a context-dependent role in tumorigenesis and anticancer therapy via shaping the inflammatory, hypoxic, immunosuppressive, and metabolic tumor microenvironment. In particular, impaired autophagy flux is associated with chronic inflammation, immunosuppression, stromal formation, cancer stemness, angiogenesis, metastasis, and metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment. Understanding the molecular machinery of autophagy and its communication with hallmarks of cancer could lead to potential new anticancer strategies or drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Herbert Zeh
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Personnaz J, Piccolo E, Branchereau M, Filliol A, Paccoud R, Moreau E, Calise D, Riant E, Gourdy P, Heymes C, Schwabe RF, Dray C, Valet P, Pradère J. Macrophage-derived HMGB1 is dispensable for tissue fibrogenesis. FASEB Bioadv 2019; 1:227-245. [PMID: 32123829 PMCID: PMC6996376 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2018-00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alarmins and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are powerful inflammatory mediators, capable of initiating and maintaining sterile inflammation during acute or chronic tissue injury. Recent evidence suggests that alarmins/DAMPs may also trigger tissue regeneration and repair, suggesting a potential contribution to tissue fibrogenesis. High mobility group B1 (HMGB1), a bona fide alarmin/DAMP, may be released passively by necrotic cells or actively secreted by innate immune cells. Macrophages can release large amounts of HMGB1 and play a key role in wound healing and regeneration processes. Here, we hypothesized that macrophages may be a key source of HMGB1 and thereby contribute to wound healing and fibrogenesis. Surprisingly, cell-specific deletion approaches, demonstrated that macrophage-derived HMGB1 is not involved in tissue fibrogenesis in multiple organs with different underlying pathologies. Compared to control HMGB1Flox mice, mice with macrophage-specific HMGB1 deletion (HMGB1ΔMac) do not display any modification of fibrogenesis in the liver after CCL4 or thioacetamide treatment and bile duct ligation; in the kidney following unilateral ureter obstruction; and in the heart after transverse aortic constriction. Of note, even under thermoneutral housing, known to exacerbate inflammation and fibrosis features, HMGB1ΔMac mice do not show impairment of fibrogenesis. In conclusion, our study clearly establishes that macrophage-derived HMGB1 does not contribute to tissue repair and fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Personnaz
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Enzo Piccolo
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Maxime Branchereau
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | | | - Romain Paccoud
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Elsa Moreau
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Denis Calise
- UMS006, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic DiseaseToulouseFrance
| | - Elodie Riant
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
- Service de Diabétologie, Maladies Métaboliques et Nutrition, CHU de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Christophe Heymes
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | | | - Cédric Dray
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Philippe Valet
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Jean‐Philippe Pradère
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1048/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de ToulouseToulouseFrance
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Wu RN, Yu TY, Zhou JC, Li M, Gao HK, Zhao C, Dong RQ, Peng D, Hu ZW, Zhang XW, Wu YQ. Targeting HMGB1 ameliorates cardiac fibrosis through restoring TLR2-mediated autophagy suppression in myocardial fibroblasts. Int J Cardiol 2019; 267:156-162. [PMID: 29957254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been identified as playing a critical role in the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism of its involvement in cardiac fibrosis is still not well-defined. Here, we aim to investigate whether toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) contributes to the extracellular HMGB1-mediated development and progression of cardiac fibrosis. METHODS A mouse model of cardiac fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO). Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), an inhibitor of HMGB1 derived from natural products, was simultaneously administered by intraperitoneal injection. Echocardiography, H&E and Sirius red staining were used to evaluate cardiac function and fibrosis. The myocardial expression of autophagy-associated proteins was examined using immunoblotting. Cardiac fibroblasts were treated with different concentrations of HMGB1 to examine the expression levels of α-SMA, collagen I and autophagy markers. Interactions of HMGB1/TLR2 and α-SMA/p62 were examined by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. RESULTS ISO-treated mice showed characteristic cardiac fibrosis, increased expression and co-localization of HMGB1 and TLR2, as well as impaired autophagic signals in myocardial tissues, which could be prevented by silencing TLR2. Exogenous administration of HMGB1 blocked the autophagic flux in fibroblasts, which caused extensive accumulation of collagen I and α-SMA. In addition, cardiac fibrosis was alleviated by GA treatment through abrogating the interaction between HMGB1 and TLR2. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the interaction between TLR2 and HMGB1 contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis via suppressing fibroblast autophagy, and that inhibiting HMGB1 with GA provides therapeutic benefits for the treatment of fibroproliferative heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri-Na Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Cardiology, Baotou Central Hospital, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Tian-Yu Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Chao Zhou
- Molecular Immunology and Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Baotou Central Hospital, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hui-Kuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Can Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Qing Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dian Peng
- Molecular Immunology and Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo-Wei Hu
- Molecular Immunology and Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Molecular Immunology and Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong-Quan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Abstract
Autophagy is an important process of cellular degradation and has been proven to contribute to tumorigenesis. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an abundant nonhistone protein that has been widely reported to play a central role in the induction of autophagy. In nucleus, HMGB1 upregulates the expression of HSP27 to induce autophagy. In cytoplasm, the Beclin-1/PI3K-III complex can be activated by HMGB1 to promote autophagy. Extracellular HMGB1 binds to the receptor for advanced glycation end products to induce autophagy. Recent studies have shown that HMGB1-induced autophagy exerts multiple functions in various cancers like proliferation. Moreover, inhibition of HMGB1-induced autophagy can reverse chemoresistance, which is regulated by noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs and lncRNAs. Here, we provide a brief introduction to HMGB1 and HMGB1-induced autophagy in cancer. We also discuss the challenges associated with performing further investigations on this issue. HMGB1-induced autophagy exerts significant functions in cancer and has potential utility for new strategy to reverse drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
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Yan D, Ma Z, Liu C, Wang C, Deng Y, Liu W, Xu B. Corynoxine B ameliorates HMGB1-dependent autophagy dysfunction during manganese exposure in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 124:336-348. [PMID: 30578841 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) has recently come into the limelight as an important environmental risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders. Although multiple neurotoxicity of Mn have been extensively studied, the exact mechanism of Mn-induced autophagic dysregulation is still poorly understood. The main aim of this study was to explore the role of cytosolic high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-dependent autophagy in Mn-induced autophagic dysregulation and neurotoxicity. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with culture solution (control) and three different concentrations of Mn (50, 100, and 200 μM) for 24 h to detect the effect of Mn on HMGB1-dependent autophagy. We found Mn could increase the HMGB1 mRNA level and its cytosolic translocation and dysregulate autophagy, and Mn-induced alpha-synuclein overexpression interfered with the interaction of HMGB1 and Beclin1, to subsequently promote Beclin1 binding to Bcl2. Another important finding was the neuroprotective role of corynoxine B (Cory B) in Mn-induced autophagic dysregulation and neurotoxicity. We set up six experimental groups: control (culture solution); 200 μM Mn treatment; 100 μM Cory B-alone treatment; and three different pretreated concentrations of Cory B (25, 50, and 100 μM). Our results showed that Cory B ameliorated Mn-induced autophagic dysregulation and neurotoxicity partly by dissociating HMGB1 from alpha-synuclein and inhibiting mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Yan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Zhuo Ma
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China.
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Yang X, Xue P, Liu X, Xu X, Chen Z. HMGB1/autophagy pathway mediates the atrophic effect of TGF-β1 in denervated skeletal muscle. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:97. [PMID: 30526602 PMCID: PMC6286536 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a classical modulator of skeletal muscle and regulates several processes, such as myogenesis, regeneration and muscle function in skeletal muscle diseases. Skeletal muscle atrophy, characterized by the loss of muscle strength and mass, is one of the pathological conditions regulated by TGF-β1, but the underlying mechanism involved in the atrophic effects of TGF-β1 is not fully understood. Methods Mice sciatic nerve transection model was created and gastrocnemius were analysed by western blot, immunofluorescence staining and fibre diameter quantification after 2 weeks. Exogenous TGF-β1 was administrated and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), autophagy were blocked by siRNA and chloroquine (CQ) respectively to explore the mechanism of the atrophic effect of TGF-β1 in denervated muscle. Similar methods were performed in C2C12 cells. Results We found that TGF-β1 was induced in denervated muscle and it could promote atrophy of skeletal muscle both in vivo and in vitro, up-regulated HMGB1 and increased autophagy activity were also detected in denervated muscle and were further promoted by exogenous TGF-β1. The atrophic effect of TGF-β1 could be inhibited when HMGB1/autophagy pathway was blocked. Conclusions Thus, our data revealed that TGF-β1 is a vital regulatory factor in denervated skeletal muscle in which HMGB1/ autophagy pathway mediates the atrophic effect of TGF-β1. Our findings confirmed a new pathway in denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and it may be a novel therapeutic target for patients with muscle atrophy after peripheral nerve injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0310-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Pingping Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Hanchuan, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hanchuan, 432300, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Kang R, Tang D. The Dual Role of HMGB1 in Pancreatic Cancer. JOURNAL OF PANCREATOLOGY 2018; 1:19-24. [PMID: 33442484 PMCID: PMC7802798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of exocrine pancreatic cancer with a 9% five-year survival rate. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can act as a DNA chaperone in the sustainment of chromosome structure and function. When released into the extracellular space, HMGB1 becomes the most well-characterized damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) to trigger immune responses. Recent evidence indicates that intracellular HMGB1 is a novel tumor suppressor in PDAC, which is connected to its role in the prevention of oxidative stress, genomic instability, and histone release. However, since extracellular HMGB1 is a DAMP and pro-inflammatory cytokine, cancer cells can also exploit it to survive through the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Interestingly, targeting the HMGB1-RAGE pathway has become a new anticancer therapy strategy for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA
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Novel dihydroartemisinin derivative DHA-37 induces autophagic cell death through upregulation of HMGB1 in A549 cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1048. [PMID: 30323180 PMCID: PMC6189137 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and its analogs are reported to possess selective anticancer activity. Here, we reported a novel DHA derivative DHA-37 that exhibited more potent anticancer activity on the cells tested. Distinct from DHA-induced apoptosis, DHA-37 triggered excessive autophagic cell death, and became the main contributor to DHA-37-induced A549 cell death. Incubation of the cells with DHA-37 but not DHA produced increased dots distribution of GFP-LC3 and expression ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, and enhanced the formation of autophagic vacuoles as revealed by TEM. Treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA, LY294002, or chloroquine could reverse DHA-37-induced cell death. In addition, DHA-37-induced cell death was associated significantly with the increased expression of HMGB1, and knockdown of HMGB1 could reverse DHA-37-induced cell death. More importantly, the elevated HMGB1 expression induced autophagy through the activation of the MAPK signal but not PI3K-AKT–mTOR pathway. In addition, DHA-37 also showed a wonderful performance in A549 xenograft mice model. These findings suggest that HMGB1 as a target candidate for apoptosis-resistant cancer treatment and artemisinin-based drugs could be used in inducing autophagic cell death.
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High-Mobility Group Box 1 Protein Regulates Autophagy in LO2 Cells Following Anoxia-Reoxygenation Injury. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:1532-1537. [PMID: 29880383 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of autophagy during liver ischemia-reperfusion injury are not completely understood. This study aimed to assess the role of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) in autophagy in LO2 cells following anoxia-reoxygenation injury. LO2 cells were pretreated with the HMGB1 inhibitor ammonium glycyrrhizinate (1000 μmol/L) or the HMGB1 agonist recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1, 10 ng/mL) at proper concentrations before induction of anoxia-reoxygenation injury. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and cell viability were evaluated. Then, the expression levels of LC3 and Beclin-1, which are classical autophagy markers, were assessed by Western blot. Autophagosomes were detected by electron microscopy. Our results showed that rHMGB1-treated cells had increased AST and ALT levels in the culture medium, aggravated cell injury, enhanced expression of beclin-1 and LC3 proteins, and increased number of autophagosomes. However, glycyrrhizinate treatment alleviated ALT and AST levels in culture medium, relieved cell injury, reduced beclin-1 and LC3 protein expression levels, and decreased autophagosome number. These findings indicated that HMGB1 likely regulates autophagy in LO2 cells exposed to anoxia-reoxygenation injury.
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Rao Y, Wan Q, Su H, Xiao X, Liao Z, Ji J, Yang C, Lin L, Su J. ROS-induced HSP70 promotes cytoplasmic translocation of high-mobility group box 1b and stimulates antiviral autophagy in grass carp kidney cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:17387-17401. [PMID: 30237170 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays many physiological and pathophysiological roles. However, the roles and the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy in response to viral infections are poorly defined in teleost fish, such as grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), which is one of the most important aquaculture species in China. In this study, we found that both grass carp reovirus (GCRV) infection and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C. idella kidney cells and stimulate autophagy. Suppressing ROS accumulation with N-acetyl-l-cysteine significantly inhibited GCRV-induced autophagy activation and enhanced GCRV replication. Although ROS-induced autophagy, in turn, restricted GCRV replication, further investigation revealed that the multifunctional cellular protein high-mobility group box 1b (HMGB1b) serves as a heat shock protein 70 (HSP70)-dependent, pro-autophagic protein in grass carp. Upon H2O2 treatment, cytoplasmic HSP70 translocated to the nucleus, where it interacted with HMGB1b and promoted cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1b. Overexpression and siRNA-mediated knockdown assays indicated that HSP70 and HMGB1b synergistically enhance ROS-induced autophagic activation in the cytoplasm. Moreover, HSP70 reinforced an association of HMGB1b with the C. idella ortholog of Beclin 1 (a mammalian ortholog of the autophagy-associated yeast protein ATG6) by directly interacting with C. idella Beclin 1. In summary, this study highlights the antiviral function of ROS-induced autophagy in response to GCRV infection and reveals the positive role of HSP70 in HMGB1b-mediated autophagy initiation in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youliang Rao
- From the College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,the Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Quanyuan Wan
- From the College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,the College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, and
| | - Hang Su
- From the College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xun Xiao
- From the College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- From the College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianfei Ji
- From the College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- the College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Lin
- the College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China, and
| | - Jianguo Su
- From the College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China, .,the Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Luo P, Xu Z, Li G, Yan H, Zhu Y, Zhu H, Ma S, Yang B, He Q. HMGB1 represses the anti-cancer activity of sunitinib by governing TP53 autophagic degradation via its nucleus-to-cytoplasm transport. Autophagy 2018; 14:2155-2170. [PMID: 30205729 PMCID: PMC6984767 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1501134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib, a multikinase inhibitor approved for a number of cancer indications has a low response rate. Identifying mechanisms of resistance could lead to rational combination regimens that could improve clinical outcomes. Here we report that resistance to sunitinib therapy was driven by autophagic degradation of TP53/p53. Deletion of ATG7 or ATG5 suppressed TP53 degradation, as did knockdown of SQSTM1/p62. Mechanistically, the transport of TP53 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm was essential for the sunitinib-induced autophagic degradation of TP53 and did not require TP53 nuclear export signals (NESs). Moreover, TP53 degradation was achieved by the transport of its nuclear binding target, HMGB1, which shifted TP53 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The inhibition of HMGB1 sensitized cancer cells to sunitinib. Importantly, sunitinib induced the degradation of all TP53 proteins, except for TP53 proteins with mutations in the interaction domain of TP53 with HMGB1 (amino acids 313 to 352). In conclusion, our data identify an alternative HMGB1-mediated TP53 protein turnover mechanism that participates in the resistance of sunitinib and suggest HMGB1 as a potential therapeutic target for improving clinical outcomes of sunitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihua Luo
- a Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- a Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Guanqun Li
- a Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Hao Yan
- a Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Yi Zhu
- a Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Hong Zhu
- a Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- b Department of Oncology , Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Bo Yang
- a Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Qiaojun He
- a Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
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HMGB1-induced autophagy facilitates hepatic stellate cells activation: a new pathway in liver fibrosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1645-1667. [PMID: 29907694 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) plays a context-dependent role in autophagy, which is required for hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. However, the significance of HMGB1-induced HSCs autophagy in liver fibrosis has not been elucidated. Here, we first documented an enrichment of peripheral and intrahepatic HMGB1 signal in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver fibrosis progression, and presented a direct evidence of anatomic proximity of HMGB1 with a-SMA (a marker for HSCs activation) in cirrhotic liver specimens. Then, we demonstrated the autophagy-inducing effects by serum-sourced HMGB1 in both primary murine HSCs and human HSCs cell line (LX-2), reflected by increased number of autophagic vacuoles (AVs) under the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and up-regulated protein expression of lipidated microtubule-associated light chain 3 (LC3-II) (a marker for autophagosome) in Western blot analysis. Intriguingly, there is a possible translocation of endogenous HMGB1 from the nucleus to cytoplasm to extracellular space, during exogenous HMGB1-induced HSCs autophagy. Meanwhile, the dose- and time-dependent effects by recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1) in enhancing LX-2 autophagy and fibrogenesis have been revealed with activated extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and restrained mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/STAT3 signaling pathways. Additionally, the ERK or JNK inhibitor could not only inhibit rHMGB1-induced autophagy and fibrogenesis in LX-2 cells, but also restore the suppressed mTOR and STAT3 pathways. Furthermore, using LC3-siRNA transfected LX-2, we found HMGB1-induced fibrogenesis is dependent on its autophagy-inducing effects. Finally, we elucidated the involvement of extracellular HMGB1-receptor for advenced glycation end product (RAGE) axis and endogenous HMGB1 in exogenous HMGB1-induced effects. Our findings could open new perspectives in developing an antifibrotic therapy by targetting the HSCs autophagy.
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Khan A, Wani MY, Al-Bogami AS, Subramanian K, Kandhavelu J, Ruff P, Penny C. Anticancer Activity of Novel Gabexate Mesilate Mimetics in Colorectal Cancer Cells. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amber Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | - Mohmmad Younus Wani
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327; Jeddah 21589 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saad Al-Bogami
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327; Jeddah 21589 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumar Subramanian
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | - Jeyalakshmi Kandhavelu
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | - Paul Ruff
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; 7 York Road, Parktown Johannesburg 2193 South Africa
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Chen J, Zhang ZQ, Song J, Liu QM, Wang C, Huang Z, Chu L, Liang HF, Zhang BX, Chen XP. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic-acid-mediated unfolded protein response induces autophagy and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9365. [PMID: 29921924 PMCID: PMC6008326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is the active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine, Glycyrrhrzae Radix et Rhizoma. Here, we explored the effects of GA on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro and in vivo and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We confirmed that GA suppressed proliferation of various HCC cell lines. Treatment of GA caused G0/G1 arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in HCC cells. GA-induced apoptosis and autophagy were mainly due to the unfolded protein response. We compared the roles of the ATF4/CHOP and IRE1α/XBP1s UPR pathways, which were both induced by GA. The ATF4/CHOP cascade induced autophagy and was indispensable for the induction of apoptosis in GA-treated HCC cells. In contrast, the IRE1α/XBP1s cascade protected HCC cells from apoptosis in vitro and in vivo induced by GA. Despite this, activation of autophagy protected HCC cells from apoptosis induced by GA. We concluded that pharmacological inhibition of autophagy or IRE1α may be of benefit to enhance the antitumor activity of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhao-Qi Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Song
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiu-Meng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liang Chu
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui-Fang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Bi-Xiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Wu L, Yang L. The function and mechanism of HMGB1 in lung cancer and its potential therapeutic implications. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6799-6805. [PMID: 29725415 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a non-histone chromatin-associated protein, high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) performs a pivotal function in various human diseases, including autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Overexpression of HMGB1 has been demonstrated in numerous types of cancer, including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the underlying mechanism of HMGB1 function in lung cancer remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to analyze, and summarize the role and mechanism of HMGB1 in lung cancer by retrieving available literature regarding HMGB1 in association with lung cancer. It provides comprehensive information on the association of HMGB1 with the carcinogenesis and progression of lung cancer, and discusses the molecular mechanism of these processes. HMGB1 may induce tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance in lung cancer. Overall, it is evident that HMGB1 serves an important role in the development and progression of lung cancer, and this review warrants further investigation into HMGB1 as a novel target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tiyuanbei, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tiyuanbei, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tiyuanbei, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tiyuanbei, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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