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Álvarez-Vázquez A, San-Segundo L, Cerveró-García P, Flores-Hernández R, Ollauri-Ibáñez C, Segura-Collar B, Hubert CG, Morrison G, Pollard SM, Lathia JD, Sánchez-Gómez P, Tabernero A. EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII predict and participate in TAT-Cx43266-283 antitumor response in preclinical glioblastoma models. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:1230-1246. [PMID: 38507464 PMCID: PMC11226870 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) commonly displays epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) alterations (mainly amplification and EGFRvIII) and TAT-Cx43266-283 is a Src-inhibitory peptide with antitumor properties in preclinical GBM models. Given the link between EGFR and Src, the aim of this study was to explore the role of EGFR in the antitumor effects of TAT-Cx43266-283. METHODS The effect of TAT-Cx43266-283, temozolomide (TMZ), and erlotinib (EGFR inhibitor) was studied in patient-derived GBM stem cells (GSCs) and murine neural stem cells (NSCs) with and without EGFR alterations, in vitro and in vivo. EGFR alterations were analyzed by western blot and fluorescence in situ hybridization in these cells, and compared with Src activity and survival in GBM samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS The effect of TAT-Cx43266-283 correlated with EGFR alterations in a set of patient-derived GSCs and was stronger than that exerted by TMZ and erlotinib. In fact, TAT-Cx43266-283 only affected NSCs with EGFR alterations, but not healthy NSCs. EGFR alterations correlated with Src activity and poor survival in GBM patients. Finally, tumors generated from NSCs with EGFR alterations showed a decrease in growth, invasiveness, and vascularization after treatment with TAT-Cx43266-283, which enhanced the survival of immunocompetent mice. CONCLUSIONS Clinically relevant EGFR alterations are predictors of TAT-Cx43266-283 response and part of its mechanism of action, even in TMZ- and erlotinib-resistant GSCs. TAT-Cx43266-283 targets NSCs with GBM-driver mutations, including EGFR alterations, in an immunocompetent GBM model in vivo, suggesting a promising effect on GBM recurrence. Together, this study represents an important step toward the clinical application of TAT-Cx43266-283.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Álvarez-Vázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Cerveró-García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Raquel Flores-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Claudia Ollauri-Ibáñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Berta Segura-Collar
- Instituto de investigaciones Biomédicas I+12 (Imas12), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher G Hubert
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gillian Morrison
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Steven M Pollard
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Gómez
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII-UFIEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantxa Tabernero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla y León (INCyL), Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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2
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Tripathi N, Saraf P, Bhardwaj N, Shrivastava SK, Jain SK. Identifying inflammation-related targets of natural lactones using network pharmacology, molecular modeling and in vitro approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38334283 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2310783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Natural lactones have been used in traditional and folklore medicine for centuries owing to their anti-inflammatory properties. The study uses a multifaceted approach to identify lead anti-inflammatory lactones from the SISTEMATX natural products database. The study analyzed the natural lactone database, revealing 18 lactones linked to inflammation targets. The primary targets were PTGES, PTGS1, COX-2, ALOX5 and IL1B. STX 12273 was the best hit, with the lowest binding energy and potential for inhibiting the COX-2 enzyme. The study suggested natural lactone, STX 12273, from the SISTEMATX database with anti-inflammatory potential and postulated its use for inflammation treatment or prevention.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Tripathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Poorvi Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Nivedita Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Sushant Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
| | - Shreyans K Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
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3
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Perez White BE, Cable CJ, Shi B, Ventrella R, Kaplan N, Kobeissi A, Higuchi Y, Balu A, Murphy ZR, Kumar P, Getsios S. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase EPHA2 Drives Epidermal Differentiation through Regulation of EGFR Signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00086-1. [PMID: 38520417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Intricate signaling systems are required to maintain homeostasis and promote differentiation in the epidermis. Receptor tyrosine kinases are central in orchestrating these systems in epidermal keratinocytes. In particular, EPHA2 and EGFR transduce distinct signals to dictate keratinocyte fate, yet how these cell communication networks are integrated has not been investigated. Our work shows that loss of EPHA2 impairs keratinocyte stratification, differentiation, and barrier function. To determine the mechanism of this dysfunction, we drew from our proteomics data of potential EPHA2 interacting proteins. We identified EGFR as a high-ranking EPHA2 interactor and subsequently validated this interaction. We found that when EPHA2 is reduced, EGFR activation and downstream signaling are intensified and sustained. Evidence indicates that prolonged SRC association contributes to the increase in EGFR signaling. We show that hyperactive EGFR signaling underlies the differentiation defect caused by EPHA2 knockdown because EGFR inhibition restores differentiation in EPHA2-deficient 3-dimensional skin organoids. Our data implicate a mechanism whereby EPHA2 restrains EGFR signaling, allowing for fine tuning in the processes of terminal differentiation and barrier formation. Taken together, we purport that crosstalk between receptor tyrosine kinases EPHA2 and EGFR is critical for epidermal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany E Perez White
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Calvin J Cable
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rosa Ventrella
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nihal Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aya Kobeissi
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yuya Higuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Abhinav Balu
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zachary R Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Priya Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Spiro Getsios
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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4
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Zhao Q, Su H, Jiang W, Luo H, Pan L, Liu Y, Yang C, Yin Y, Yu L, Tan B. IGF-1 Combined with OPN Promotes Neuronal Axon Growth in Vitro Through the IGF-1R/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Lipid Rafts. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3190-3201. [PMID: 37395917 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) combined with osteopontin (OPN) on the protein expression levels and growth of neuronal axons and its possible mechanism. In this study, IGF-1 combined with OPN promoted neuronal axon growth through the IGF-1R/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in lipid rafts, and the effect was better than that of either agent alone. This effect was suppressed when given the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin or the lipid raft cholesterol extraction agent methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD). Rapamycin could inhibit the expression of phosphorylated ribosomal S6 protein (p-S6) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) and limit axon growth. In addition to the above effects, M-β-CD significantly downregulated the expression of phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (p-IR). To further investigate the changes in lipid rafts when stimulated by different recombinant proteins, membrane lipid rafts were isolated to observe the changes by western blot. The expression levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IR) and P-IR in the IGF-1 combined with OPN group were the highest. When M-β-CD was administered to the lipid rafts of neurons, the enrichment of IR by IGF-1 combined with OPN was weakened, and the p-IR was decreased. Our study found that IGF-1 combined with OPN could promote axon growth by activating the IGF-1R/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in neuronal lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Haodong Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Lu Pan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ce Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Lehua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Botao Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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5
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Jeong KY, Park SY, Park MH, Kim HM. Suppressing Src-Mediated EGFR Signaling by Sustained Calcium Supply Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13291. [PMID: 37686097 PMCID: PMC10488068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Src is emerging as a promising target in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment because it activates survival signaling linked to the epidermal growth factor receptor. In this study, the effect of calcium supply on Src degradation was investigated to confirm underlying mechanisms and anticancer effects targeting TNBC. MDA-MB-231 cells, the TNBC cell line, were used. Calcium supply was feasible through lactate calcium salt (CaLac), and the applicable calcium concentration was decided by changes in the viability with different doses of CaLac. Expression of signaling molecules mediated by calcium-dependent Src degradation was observed by Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry, and the recovery of the signaling molecules was confirmed following calpeptin treatment. The anticancer effect was investigated in the xenograft animal model. Significant suppression of Src was induced by calcium supply, followed by a successive decrease in the expression of epithelial growth factor receptor, RAS, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and nuclear factor kappa B. Then, the suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 contributed to a significant deactivation of the prostaglandin E2 receptors. These results suggest that calcium supply has the potential to reduce the risk of TNBC. However, as this study is at an early stage to determine clinical applicability, close consideration is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-Yeong Jeong
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.P.); (M.H.P.)
| | - Seon Young Park
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.P.); (M.H.P.)
| | - Min Hee Park
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.P.); (M.H.P.)
| | - Hwan Mook Kim
- MetiMedi Pharmaceuticals Co., 40, Imi-ro, Uiwang-si 16006, Republic of Korea
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6
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Chong ZX, Yong CY, Ong AHK, Yeap SK, Ho WY. Deciphering the roles of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in regulating carcinogenesis. Toxicology 2023; 495:153596. [PMID: 37480978 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent receptor that belongs to the superfamily of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors. The activation of the canonical AHR signaling pathway is known to induce the expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes, facilitating the detoxification metabolism in the human body. Additionally, AHR could interact with various signaling pathways such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), nuclear factor ekappa B (NF-κβ), estrogen receptor (ER), and androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathways. Over the past 30 years, several studies have reported that various chemical, physical, or biological agents, such as tobacco, hydrocarbon compounds, industrial and agricultural chemical wastes, drugs, UV, viruses, and other toxins, could affect AHR expression or activity, promoting cancer development. Thus, it is valuable to overview how these factors regulate AHR-mediated carcinogenesis. Current findings have reported that many compounds could act as AHR ligands to drive the expressions of AHR-target genes, such as CYP1A1, CYP1B1, MMPs, and AXL, and other targets that exert a pro-proliferation or anti-apoptotic effect, like XIAP. Furthermore, some other physical and chemical agents, such as UV and 3-methylcholanthrene, could promote AHR signaling activities, increasing the signaling activities of a few oncogenic pathways, such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathways. Understanding how various factors regulate AHR-mediated carcinogenesis processes helps clinicians and scientists plan personalized therapeutic strategies to improve anti-cancer treatment efficacy. As many studies that have reported the roles of AHR in regulating carcinogenesis are preclinical or observational clinical studies that did not explore the detailed mechanisms of how different chemical, physical, or biological agents promote AHR-mediated carcinogenesis processes, future studies should focus on conducting large-scale and functional studies to unravel the underlying mechanism of how AHR interacts with different factors in regulating carcinogenesis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xiong Chong
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chean Yeah Yong
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alan Han Kiat Ong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
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7
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A Novel Mechanism Underlying the Inhibitory Effects of Trastuzumab on the Growth of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244093. [PMID: 36552857 PMCID: PMC9777316 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the efficacy of trastuzumab, it is essential to understand its mechanism of action. One of the significant issues that makes it difficult to determine the precise mechanism of trastuzumab action is the formation of various HER receptor dimers in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. So far, studies have focused on the role of HER2-HER3 heterodimers, and little is known regarding EGFR-HER2 heterodimers. Here, we study the role of trastuzumab on the cell signaling and cell proliferation mediated by EGFR-HER2 heterodimers in BT474 and SRBR3 cells. EGF stimulates the formation of both EGFR homodimer and EGFR-HER2 heterodimer. Trastuzumab only binds to HER2, not EGFR. Therefore, any effects of trastuzumab on EGF-induced activation of EGFR, HER2, and downstream signaling proteins, as well as cell proliferation, are through its effects on EGFR-HER2 heterodimers. We show that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in BT474 and SKBR3 cells. Interestingly trastuzumab strongly inhibits EGF-induced Akt phosphorylation and slightly inhibits EGF-induced Erk activation, in both BT474 and SKBR3 cells. These data suggest the presence of a novel mechanism that allows trastuzumab to inhibit EGR-induced Akt activation and cell proliferation, without blocking EGF-induced EGFR-HER2 heterodimerization and activation. We show that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced lipid raft localization of the EGFR-HER2 heterodimer. Disruption of the lipid raft with MβCD blocks HER2-mediated AKT activation in a similar way to trastuzumab. MβCD and trastuzumab synergically inhibit AKT activation. We conclude that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced lipid raft localization of EGFR-HER2 heterodimer, which leads to the inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation, without blocking the formation and phosphorylation of the EGFR-HER2 heterodimer.
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8
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Pan Z, Wang K, Wang X, Jia Z, Yang Y, Duan Y, Huang L, Wu ZX, Zhang JY, Ding X. Cholesterol promotes EGFR-TKIs resistance in NSCLC by inducing EGFR/Src/Erk/SP1 signaling-mediated ERRα re-expression. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:77. [PMID: 35303882 PMCID: PMC8932110 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) brings remarkable benefits for the survival of patients with advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations. Unfortunately, acquired resistance seems to be inevitable and limits the application of EGFR-TKIs in clinical practice. This study reported a common molecular mechanism sustaining resistance and potential treatment options to overcome EGFR-TKIs resistance. METHODS EGFR-TKIs resistant NSCLC cells were established and confirmed by MTT assay. Cholesterol content was detected and the promotional function of cholesterol on NSCLC growth was determined in vivo. Then, we identified ERRα expression as the downstream factor of cholesterol-mediated drug resistance. To dissect the regulatory mechanism, we conducted experiments, including immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Long-term exposure to EGFR-TKIs generate drug resistance with the characteristic of cholesterol accumulation in lipid rafts, which promotes EGFR and Src to interact and lead EGFR/Src/Erk signaling reactivation-mediated SP1 nuclear translocation and ERRα re-expression. Further investigation identifies ERRα as a target gene of SP1. Functionally, re-expression of ERRα sustains cell proliferation by regulating ROS detoxification process. Lovastatin, a drug used to decrease cholesterol level, and XCT790, an inverse agonist of ERRα, overcome gefitinib and osimertinib resistance both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that cholesterol/EGFR/Src/Erk/SP1 axis-induced ERRα re-expression promotes survival of gefitinib and osimertinib-resistant cancer cells. Besides, we demonstrate the potential of lowing cholesterol and downregulation of ERRα as effective adjuvant treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Pan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiniao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhirong Jia
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Yalei Duan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lianzhan Huang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Xuansheng Ding
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
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Pham H, Singaram I, Sun J, Ralko A, Puckett M, Sharma A, Vrielink A, Cho W. Development of a novel spatiotemporal depletion system for cellular cholesterol. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100178. [PMID: 35143844 PMCID: PMC8953671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential component of mammalian cell membranes whose subcellular concentration and function are tightly regulated by de novo biosynthesis, transport, and storage. Although recent reports have suggested diverse functions of cellular cholesterol in different subcellular membranes, systematic investigation of its site-specific roles has been hampered by the lack of a methodology for spatiotemporal manipulation of cellular cholesterol levels. Here, we report the development of a new cholesterol depletion system that allows for spatiotemporal manipulation of intracellular cholesterol levels. This system utilizes a genetically encoded cholesterol oxidase whose intrinsic membrane binding activity is engineered in such a way that its membrane targeting can be controlled in a spatiotemporally specific manner via chemically induced dimerization. In combination with in situ quantitative imaging of cholesterol and signaling activity measurements, this system allows for unambiguous determination of site-specific functions of cholesterol in different membranes, including the plasma membrane and the lysosomal membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Pham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Indira Singaram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arthur Ralko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Madalyn Puckett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alice Vrielink
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wonhwa Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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3, 3'- (3, 5-DCPBC) Down-Regulates Multiple Phosphokinase Dependent Signal Transduction Pathways in Malignant Melanoma Cells through Specific Diminution of EGFR Y1086 Phosphorylation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041172. [PMID: 35208960 PMCID: PMC8874408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most dangerous skin malignancy due to its strong metastatic potential with high mortality. Activation of crucial signaling pathways enforcing melanoma progression depends on phosphorylation of distinct tyrosine kinases and oxidative stress. We here investigated the effect of a bis-coumarin derivative [3, 3′- ((3″, 5′-Dichlorophenyl) methylene) bis (4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one)] [3, 3′- (3, 5-DCPBC)] on human melanoma cell survival, growth, proliferation, migration, intracellular redox state, and deciphered associated signaling pathways. This derivative is toxic for melanoma cells and non-toxic for melanocytes, their benign counterpart, and fibroblasts. 3, 3′- (3, 5-DCPBC) inhibits cell survival, migration, and proliferation of different metastatic and non-metastatic melanoma cell lines through profound suppression of the phosphorylation of Epidermal Growth Factor receptor (EGFR) and proto-oncogene cellular sarcoma (c-SRC) related downstream pathways. Thus, 3, 3′- (3, 5-DCPBC) endowed with the unique property to simultaneously suppress phosphorylation of multiple downstream kinases, such as EGFR/JAK/STAT and EGFR/SRC and their corresponding transcription factors.
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11
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Ma L, Cho W, Nelson ER. Our evolving understanding of how 27-hydroxycholesterol influences cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 196:114621. [PMID: 34043965 PMCID: PMC8611110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of several cancers now, although the mechanisms by which it influences cancer biology are just emerging. Two likely contributing mechanisms are the ability for cholesterol to directly regulate signaling molecules within the membrane, and certain metabolites acting as signaling molecules. One such metabolite is the oxysterol 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), which is a primary metabolite of cholesterol synthesized by the enzyme Cytochrome P450 27A1 (CYP27A1). Physiologically, 27HC is involved in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis and contributes to cholesterol efflux through liver X receptor (LXR) and inhibition of de novo cholesterol synthesis through the insulin-induced proteins (INSIGs). 27HC is also a selective modulator of the estrogen receptors. An increasing number of studies have identified its importance in cancer progression of various origins, especially in breast cancer. In this review, we discuss the physiological roles of 27HC targeting these two nuclear receptors and the subsequent contribution to cancer progression. We describe how 27HC promotes tumor growth directly through cancer-intrinsic factors, and indirectly through its immunomodulatory roles which lead to decreased immune surveillance and increased tumor invasion. This review underscores the importance of the cholesterol metabolic pathway in cancer progression and the potential therapeutic utility of targeting this metabolic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqian Ma
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Wonhwa Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Erik R. Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL,University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Anticancer Discovery from Pets to People Theme, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL,To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed: Erik R. Nelson. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 407 S Goodwin Ave (MC-114), Urbana, IL, 61801. Phone: 217-244-5477. Fax: 217-333-1133.
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12
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Safari F, Shafiee Nejad N, Aghaei Nejad A. The inhibition of Panc1 cancer cells invasion by hAMSCs secretome through suppression of tyrosine phosphorylation of SGK223 (at Y411 site), c-Src (at Y416, Y530 sites), AKT activity, and JAK1/Stat3 signaling. Med Oncol 2022; 39:28. [PMID: 35059869 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
SGK223 is a scaffolding protein involving in the oncogenic tyrosine kinase signaling. SGK223 was phosphorylated at Y411 by c-Src and in response to the Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Tyrosine phosphorylated SGK223 at Y411 enables to interact with CSK resulting up regulation of c-Src activity and promotion of the cell migration. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) are a population of multipotent cells that it was considered to be as a potential platform in cancer therapy. Herein, we employed a co-culture system to clarify the effects of hAMSCs secretome through tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Src, SGK223, AKT activity, and JAK1/Stat3 signaling in Panc1 pancreatic cancer cells. By using the 0.4 μm pore sized transwell membranes, both cell lines were firstly co-cultured for 72 h. Next, c-Src activity (tyrosine phosphorylation levels at Y530 and Y416), tyrosine phosphorylation level of SGK223 (at Y411), AKT activity, and JAK1/Stat3 signaling in Panc1 cells after treatment with hAMSCs were evaluated. Our results showed that hAMSCs have the inhibitory effects on Panc1 pancreatic cancer cells invasion and it suggests that the suppression of c-Src activity, SGK223 expression, AKT activity, and JAK1/Stat3 signaling may be as critical targets in pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Nasim Shafiee Nejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aghaei Nejad
- Department of Biology, University Campus 2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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13
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Lipids in Pathophysiology and Development of the Membrane Lipid Therapy: New Bioactive Lipids. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120919. [PMID: 34940418 PMCID: PMC8708953 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Membranes are mainly composed of a lipid bilayer and proteins, constituting a checkpoint for the entry and passage of signals and other molecules. Their composition can be modulated by diet, pathophysiological processes, and nutritional/pharmaceutical interventions. In addition to their use as an energy source, lipids have important structural and functional roles, e.g., fatty acyl moieties in phospholipids have distinct impacts on human health depending on their saturation, carbon length, and isometry. These and other membrane lipids have quite specific effects on the lipid bilayer structure, which regulates the interaction with signaling proteins. Alterations to lipids have been associated with important diseases, and, consequently, normalization of these alterations or regulatory interventions that control membrane lipid composition have therapeutic potential. This approach, termed membrane lipid therapy or membrane lipid replacement, has emerged as a novel technology platform for nutraceutical interventions and drug discovery. Several clinical trials and therapeutic products have validated this technology based on the understanding of membrane structure and function. The present review analyzes the molecular basis of this innovative approach, describing how membrane lipid composition and structure affects protein-lipid interactions, cell signaling, disease, and therapy (e.g., fatigue and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, tumor, infectious diseases).
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14
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Shakery T, Safari F. Down regulation of Pinkbar/pAKT and MMP2/MMP9 expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells as potential targets in cancer therapy by hAMSCs secretome. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 212:155-163. [PMID: 34695828 DOI: 10.1159/000520370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most causes of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Cancer therapy based on stem cells was considered as a novel and promising platform. In present study, we explored the therapeutic effects of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) through Pinkbar (planar intestinal-and kidney-specific BAR domain protein), pAKT, and matrix metalloproteinases including MMP2, MMP9 on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. To do so, we employed a co-culture system using 6 well plates transwell with a diameter of 0.4 μm pore sized. After 72h hAMSCs-treated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, the expression of Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and c-Src (a key mediator in EGFR signaling pathway), Pinkbar, pAKT, MMP2, and MMP9 was analyzed by using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot methods. Based on using 2D and 3D cell culture models, the significant reduction of tumor cell growth and motility through down regulation of EGFR, c-Src, Pinkbar, pAKT, MMP2, and MMP9 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was shown. Also, the induction of cellular apoptosis also found. Our finding indicates that the hAMSCS secretome has therapeutic effects on cancer cells. To identify the details of the molecular mechanisms, more experiments will be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Termeh Shakery
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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15
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Geletu M, Adan H, Niit M, Arulanandam R, Carefoot E, Hoskin V, Sina D, Elliott B, Gunning P, Raptis L. Modulation of Akt vs Stat3 activity by the focal adhesion kinase in non-neoplastic mouse fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 2021; 411:112731. [PMID: 34270980 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion of cells to each other and to the extracellular matrix (ECM) are both required for cellular functions. Cell-to-cell adhesion is mediated by cadherins, and their engagement triggers the activation of Stat3, which offers a potent survival signal. Adhesion to the ECM on the other hand, activates FAK which attracts and activates Src, as well as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), the PI3k/Akt and Ras/Erk pathways. However, the effect of cell density upon FAK and Akt activity has not been examined. We now demonstrate that, interestingly, despite being potent Stat3 activators, Src and RTKs are unable to activate Stat3 in sparsely growing (i.e., without cadherin engagement), non-neoplastic cells attached to the ECM. In contrast, cell aggregation (i.e., cadherin engagement in the absence of adhesion to a solid substratum) was found to activate both Stat3 and Akt. Pharmacologic or genetic reduction of FAK activity abolished Akt activity at low densities, indicating that FAK is an important activator of Akt in this setting. Notably, FAK knockout increased cellular sensitivity to the Stat3 inhibitor CPA7, while FAK reintroduction restored resistance to this drug. These findings suggest a complementary role of integrin/FAK/Akt and cadherin/Stat3-mediated pro-survival pathways, which may be of significance during neoplastic transformation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulu Geletu
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Hanad Adan
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Maximillian Niit
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Rozanne Arulanandam
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Esther Carefoot
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Victoria Hoskin
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Diana Sina
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Bruce Elliott
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Patrick Gunning
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Leda Raptis
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Mdicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
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16
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Kwan YP, Teo MHY, Lim JCW, Tan MS, Rosellinny G, Wahli W, Wang X. LRG1 Promotes Metastatic Dissemination of Melanoma through Regulating EGFR/STAT3 Signalling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3279. [PMID: 34208965 PMCID: PMC8269286 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although less common, melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer largely due to its highly metastatic nature. Currently, there are limited treatment options for metastatic melanoma and many of them could cause serious side effects. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex disease pathophysiology of metastatic melanoma may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and facilitate the development of targeted therapeutics. In this study, we investigated the role of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) in melanoma development and progression. We first established the association between LRG1 and melanoma in both human patient biopsies and mouse melanoma cell lines and revealed a significant induction of LRG1 expression in metastatic melanoma cells. We then showed no change in tumour cell growth, proliferation, and angiogenesis in the absence of the host Lrg1. On the other hand, there was reduced melanoma cell metastasis to the lungs in Lrg1-deficient mice. This observation was supported by the promoting effect of LRG1 in melanoma cell migration, invasion, and adhesion. Mechanistically, LRG1 mediates melanoma cell invasiveness in an EGFR/STAT3-dependent manner. Taken together, our studies provided compelling evidence that LRG1 is required for melanoma metastasis but not growth. Targeting LRG1 may offer an alternative strategy to control malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuet Ping Kwan
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (Y.P.K.); (M.H.Y.T.); (G.R.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6 Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Melissa Hui Yen Teo
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (Y.P.K.); (M.H.Y.T.); (G.R.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6 Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Chee Woei Lim
- Pharmacotherapeutics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Michelle Siying Tan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Yoo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD6, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Graciella Rosellinny
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (Y.P.K.); (M.H.Y.T.); (G.R.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6 Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (Y.P.K.); (M.H.Y.T.); (G.R.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6 Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, 61 Biopolis Dr, Singapore 138673, Singapore
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17
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Geletu M, Adan H, Niit M, Arulanandam R, Carefoot E, Hoskin V, Sina D, Elliott B, Gunning P, Raptis L. Modulation of Akt vs Stat3 activity by the focal adhesion kinase in non-neoplastic mouse fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 2021; 404:112601. [PMID: 33957118 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion of cells to each other and to the extracellular matrix (ECM) are both required for cellular functions. Cell-to-cell adhesion is mediated by cadherins and their engagement triggers the activation of Stat3, which offers a potent survival signal. Adhesion to the ECM on the other hand, activates FAK which attracts and activates Src, as well as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), the PI3k/Akt and Ras/Erk pathways. However, the effect of cell density upon FAK and Akt activity has not been examined. We now demonstrate that, interestingly, despite being potent Stat3 activators, Src and RTKs are unable to activate Stat3 in sparsely growing (i.e., without cadherin engagement), non-neoplastic cells attached to the ECM. In contrast, cell aggregation (i.e., cadherin engagement in the absence of adhesion to a solid substratum) was found to activate both Stat3 and Akt. Pharmacologic or genetic reduction of FAK activity abolished Akt activity at low densities, indicating that FAK is an important activator of Akt in this setting. Notably, FAK knockout increased cellular sensitivity to the Stat3 inhibitor CPA7, while FAK reintroduction restored resistance to this drug. These findings suggest a complementary role of integrin/FAK/Akt and cadherin/Stat3-mediated pro-survival pathways, which may be of significance during neoplastic transformation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulu Geletu
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Hanad Adan
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Maximillian Niit
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Rozanne Arulanandam
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Esther Carefoot
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Victoria Hoskin
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Diana Sina
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences (CPS), University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Bruce Elliott
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Patrick Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Leda Raptis
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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18
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Cholesterol and Sphingolipid Enriched Lipid Rafts as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020726. [PMID: 33450869 PMCID: PMC7828315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are critical cell membrane lipid platforms enriched in sphingolipid and cholesterol content involved in diverse cellular processes. They have been proposed to influence membrane properties and to accommodate receptors within themselves by facilitating their interaction with ligands. Over the past decade, technical advances have improved our understanding of lipid rafts as bioactive structures. In this review, we will cover the more recent findings about cholesterol, sphingolipids and lipid rafts located in cellular and nuclear membranes in cancer. Collectively, the data provide insights on the role of lipid rafts as biomolecular targets in cancer with good perspectives for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.
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19
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SRC Signaling in Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1270:57-71. [PMID: 33123993 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-47189-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pioneering experiments performed by Harold Varmus and Mike Bishop in 1976 led to one of the most influential discoveries in cancer research and identified the first cancer-causing oncogene called Src. Later experimental and clinical evidence suggested that Src kinase plays a significant role in promoting tumor growth and progression and its activity is associated with poor patient survival. Thus, several Src inhibitors were developed and approved by FDA for treatment of cancer patients. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly complex and dynamic milieu where significant cross-talk occurs between cancer cells and TME components, which consist of tumor-associated macrophages, fibroblasts, and other immune and vascular cells. Growth factors and chemokines activate multiple signaling cascades in TME and induce multiple kinases and pathways, including Src, leading to tumor growth, invasion/metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and progression. Here, we will systemically evaluate recent findings regarding regulation of Src and significance of targeting Src in cancer therapy.
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20
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Soteriou C, Kalli AC, Connell SD, Tyler AII, Thorne JL. Advances in understanding and in multi-disciplinary methodology used to assess lipid regulation of signalling cascades from the cancer cell plasma membrane. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 81:101080. [PMID: 33359620 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The lipid bilayer is a functional component of cells, forming a stable platform for the initiation of key biological processes, including cell signalling. There are distinct changes in the lipid composition of cell membranes during oncogenic transformation resulting in aberrant activation and inactivation of signalling transduction pathways. Studying the role of the cell membrane in cell signalling is challenging, since techniques are often limited to by timescale, resolution, sensitivity, and averaging. To overcome these limitations, combining 'computational', 'wet-lab' and 'semi-dry' approaches offers the best opportunity to resolving complex biological processes involved in membrane organisation. In this review, we highlight analytical tools that have been applied for the study of cell signalling initiation from the cancer cell membranes through computational microscopy, biological assays, and membrane biophysics. The cancer therapeutic potential of extracellular membrane-modulating agents, such as cholesterol-reducing agents is also discussed, as is the need for future collaborative inter-disciplinary research for studying the role of the cell membrane and its components in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Soteriou
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK; Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - A C Kalli
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S D Connell
- Molecular and Nanoscale Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - A I I Tyler
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK
| | - J L Thorne
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK.
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21
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Talaverón R, Matarredona ER, Herrera A, Medina JM, Tabernero A. Connexin43 Region 266-283, via Src Inhibition, Reduces Neural Progenitor Cell Proliferation Promoted by EGF and FGF-2 and Increases Astrocytic Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228852. [PMID: 33238452 PMCID: PMC7700635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are self-renewing cells that give rise to the major cells in the nervous system and are considered to be the possible cell of origin of glioblastoma. The gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) is expressed by NPCs, exerting channel-dependent and -independent roles. We focused on one property of Cx43—its ability to inhibit Src, a key protein in brain development and oncogenesis. Because Src inhibition is carried out by the sequence 266–283 of the intracellular C terminus in Cx43, we used a cell-penetrating peptide containing this sequence, TAT-Cx43266–283, to explore its effects on postnatal subventricular zone NPCs. Our results show that TAT-Cx43266–283 inhibited Src activity and reduced NPC proliferation and survival promoted by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). In differentiation conditions, TAT-Cx43266–283 increased astrocyte differentiation at the expense of neuronal differentiation, which coincided with a reduction in Src activity and β-catenin expression. We propose that Cx43, through the region 266–283, reduces Src activity, leading to disruption of EGF and FGF-2 signaling and to down-regulation of β-catenin with effects on proliferation and differentiation. Our data indicate that the inhibition of Src might contribute to the complex role of Cx43 in NPCs and open new opportunities for further research in gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Talaverón
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (R.T.); (J.M.M.)
| | | | - Alejandro Herrera
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (E.R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - José M. Medina
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (R.T.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Arantxa Tabernero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (R.T.); (J.M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923-29-45-00 (ext. 5311)
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22
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Jena S, Damayanti NP, Tan J, Pratt ED, Irudayaraj JMK, Parker LL. Multiplexable fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) probes for Abl and Src-family kinases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13409-13412. [PMID: 33035286 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many commonly employed strategies to map kinase activities in live cells require expression of genetically encoded proteins (e.g. FRET sensors). In this work, we describe the development and preliminary application of a set of cell-penetrating, fluorophore labelled peptide substrates for fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) of Abl and Src-family kinase activities. These probes do not rely on FRET pairs or genetically-encoded protein expression. We further demonstrate probe multiplexing and pixel-by-pixel quantification to estimate the relative proportion of modified probe, suggesting that this strategy will be useful for detailed mapping of single cell and subcellular dynamics of multiple kinases concurrently in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampreeti Jena
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA.
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23
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Colella B, Colardo M, Iannone G, Contadini C, Saiz-Ladera C, Fuoco C, Barilà D, Velasco G, Segatto M, Di Bartolomeo S. mTOR Inhibition Leads to Src-Mediated EGFR Internalisation and Degradation in Glioma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2266. [PMID: 32823532 PMCID: PMC7464593 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal Growth Factor receptor (EGFR) is a tyrosine kinase receptor widely expressed on the surface of numerous cell types, which activates several downstream signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation, migration and survival. EGFR alterations, such as overexpression or mutations, have been frequently observed in several cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM), and are associated to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Here we show that the inhibition of mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) mediates EGFR delivery to lysosomes for degradation in GBM cells, independently of autophagy activation. Coherently with EGFR internalisation and degradation, mTOR blockade negatively affects the mitogen activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway. Furthermore, we provide evidence that Src kinase activation is required for EGFR internaliation upon mTOR inhibition. Our results further support the hypothesis that mTOR targeting may represent an effective therapeutic strategy in GBM management, as its inhibition results in EGFR degradation and in proliferative signal alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Colella
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Mayra Colardo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Gianna Iannone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Claudia Contadini
- Department of Biology, University of RomeTor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Saiz-Ladera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-L.); (G.V.)
| | - Claudia Fuoco
- Department of Biology, University of RomeTor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniela Barilà
- Department of Biology, University of RomeTor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-L.); (G.V.)
| | - Marco Segatto
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Sabrina Di Bartolomeo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
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RIP1 Is a Novel Component of γ-ionizing Radiation-Induced Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134584. [PMID: 32605153 PMCID: PMC7369811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Previously, we demonstrated that γ-ionizing radiation (IR) triggers the invasion/migration of A549 cells via activation of an EGFR-p38/ERK-STAT3/CREB-1-EMT pathway. Here, we have demonstrated the involvement of a novel intracellular signaling mechanism in γ-ionizing radiation (IR)-induced migration/invasion. Expression of receptor-interacting protein (RIP) 1 was initially increased upon exposure of A549, a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, to IR. IR-induced RIP1 is located downstream of EGFR and involved in the expression/activity of matrix metalloproteases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and vimentin, suggesting a role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our experiments showed that IR-induced RIP1 sequentially induces Src-STAT3-EMT to promote invasion/migration. Inhibition of RIP1 kinase activity and expression blocked induction of EMT by IR and suppressed the levels and activities of MMP-2, MMP-9 and vimentin. IR-induced RIP1 activation was additionally associated with stimulation of the transcriptional factor NF-κB. Specifically, exposure to IR triggered NF-κB activation and inhibition of NF-κB suppressed IR-induced RIP1 expression, followed by a decrease in invasion/migration as well as EMT. Based on the collective results, we propose that IR concomitantly activates EGFR and NF-κB and subsequently triggers the RIP1-Src/STAT3-EMT pathway, ultimately promoting metastasis.
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25
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Belli S, Esposito D, Servetto A, Pesapane A, Formisano L, Bianco R. c-Src and EGFR Inhibition in Molecular Cancer Therapy: What Else Can We Improve? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1489. [PMID: 32517369 PMCID: PMC7352780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene c-Src is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase playing a key role in many cellular pathways, including cell survival, migration and proliferation. c-Src de-regulation has been observed in several cancer types, making it an appealing target for drug discovery efforts. Recent evidence emphasizes its crucial role not only in promoting oncogenic traits, but also in the acquisition and maintenance of cancer resistance to various chemotherapeutic or molecular target drugs. c-Src modulates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation and amplifies its downstream oncogenic signals. In this review, we report several studies supporting c-Src kinase role in the intricate mechanisms of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We further highlighted pre- and clinical progresses of combined treatment strategies made in recent years. Several pre-clinical data have encouraged the use of c-Src inhibitors in combination with EGFR inhibitors. However, clinical trials provided controversial outcomes in some cancer types. Despite c-Src inhibitors showed good tolerability in cancer patients, no incontrovertible and consistent clinical responses were recorded, supporting the idea that a better selection of patients is needed to improve clinical outcome. Currently, the identification of biological markers predictive of therapy response and the accurate molecular screening of cancer patients aimed to gain most clinical benefits become decisive and mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luigi Formisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.B.); (D.E.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Roberto Bianco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.B.); (D.E.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
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26
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Canonici A, Browne AL, Ibrahim MFK, Fanning KP, Roche S, Conlon NT, O’Neill F, Meiller J, Cremona M, Morgan C, Hennessy BT, Eustace AJ, Solca F, O’Donovan N, Crown J. Combined targeting EGFR and SRC as a potential novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835919897546. [PMID: 32064003 PMCID: PMC6987485 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919897546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast
cancer with limited therapeutic options. Epidermal growth factor receptor
(EGFR) has been shown to be over-expressed in TNBC and represents a rational
treatment target. Methods: We examined single agent and combination effects for afatinib and dasatinib
in TNBC. We then determined IC50 and combination index values
using Calcusyn. Functional analysis of single and combination treatments was
performed using reverse phase protein array and cell cycle analysis.
Finally, we determined the anticancer effects of the combination in
vivo. Results: A total of 14 TNBC cell lines responded to afatinib with IC50
values ranging from 0.008 to 5.0 µM. Three cell lines, belonging to the
basal-like subtype of TNBC, were sensitive to afatinib. The addition of
afatinib enhanced response to the five other targeted therapies in HCC1937
and HDQP1 cells. The combination of afatinib with dasatinib caused the
greatest growth inhibition in both cell lines. The afatinib/dasatinib
combination was synergistic and/or additive in 13/14 TNBC cell lines.
Combined afatinib/dasatinib treatment induced G1 cell cycle arrest. Reverse
phase protein array results showed the afatinib/dasatinib combination
resulted in efficient inhibition of both pERK(T202/T204) and pAkt(S473)
signalling in BT20 cells, which was associated with the greatest
antiproliferative effects. High baseline levels of pSrc(Y416) and pMAPK(p38)
correlated with sensitivity to afatinib, whereas low levels of B-cell
lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) correlated with
synergistic growth inhibition by combined afatinib and dasatinib treatment.
In vivo, the combination treatment inhibited tumour
growth in a HCC1806 xenograft model. Conclusions: We demonstrate that afatinib combined with dasatinib has potential clinical
activity in TNBC but warrants further preclinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Canonici
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alacoque L. Browne
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mohamed F. K. Ibrahim
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin P. Fanning
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sandra Roche
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Neil T. Conlon
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona O’Neill
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Justine Meiller
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mattia Cremona
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular
Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin,
Ireland
| | - Clare Morgan
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular
Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin,
Ireland
| | - Bryan T. Hennessy
- Medical Oncology Group, Department of Molecular
Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin,
Ireland
| | | | - Flavio Solca
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG,
Vienna, Austria
| | - Norma O’Donovan
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Crown
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology,
Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, St Vincent’s
University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Immunoliposomes with Simvastatin as a Potential Therapeutic in Treatment of Breast Cancer Cells Overexpressing HER2-An In Vitro Study. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110418. [PMID: 30388834 PMCID: PMC6266203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipophilic statins are promising candidates for breast cancer treatment. However, anticancer therapy requires much higher doses of statins than can be delivered orally, and such high doses are known to exert more adverse effects. The main objective of our study was to design a targeted, therapeutic liposomal carrier of simvastatin characterised by high stability and specificity towards breast cancer cells. We chose SKBR3, the cell line that showed the highest sensitivity for simvastatin and liposomal simvastatin treatment. Additionally, SKBR3 has a notably high expression level of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which we used as a target for our immunoliposomes. To do so we attached humanized anti-HER2 antibody to the envelope of liposomes. We tested the stability and selectivity of the proposed formulation along with the toxicity, ability to induce apoptosis and the effect on signalling pathways involving Akt and Erk kinases. The immunoliposomal formulation of simvastatin is characterized by long-term stability, high selectivity towards HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells, low non-specific cytotoxicity and effective inhibition of the growth of target cells, presumably by inhibition of signalling pathways and induction of apoptosis. Hence, for the first time, we propose the use of immunoliposomes with simvastatin, targeted directly towards breast cancer cells overexpressing HER2. The prepared immunoliposomes may become a proof of concept in developing new anticancer therapy.
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28
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Theis T, Johal AS, Kabat M, Basak S, Schachner M. Enhanced Neuronal Survival and Neurite Outgrowth Triggered by Novel Small Organic Compounds Mimicking the LewisX Glycan. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8203-8215. [PMID: 29520715 PMCID: PMC6314473 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation fine-tunes signal transduction of adhesion molecules during neural development and supports synaptic plasticity and repair after injury in the adult nervous system. One abundantly expressed neural glycan is LewisX (LeX). Although it is known that its expression starts at the formation of the neural tube during the second embryonic week in the mouse and peaks during the first postnatal week, its functional relevance is only rudimentarily understood. To gain better insights into the functions of this glycan, we identified small organic compounds that mimic structurally and functionally this glycan glycosidically linked to several neural adhesion molecules. Mimetic compounds were identified by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the LeX-specific monoclonal antibodies L5 and SSEA-1 for screening a library of small organic molecules. In this assay, antibody binding to substrate-coated LeX glycomimetic peptide is measured in the presence of compounds, allowing identification of molecules that inhibit antibody binding and thereby mimic LeX. Gossypol, orlistat, ursolic acid, folic acid, and tosufloxacin inhibited antibody binding in a concentration-dependent manner. With the aim to functionally characterize the molecular consequences of the compounds' actions, we here present evidence that, at nM concentrations, the mimetic compounds enhance neurite outgrowth and promote neuronal survival of cultured mouse cerebellar granule cells via, notably, distinct signal transduction pathways. These findings raise hopes that these LeX mimetics will be powerful tools for further studying the functions of LeX and its effects in acute and chronic nervous system disease models. It is worth mentioning in this context that the LeX compounds investigated in the present study have been clinically approved for different therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theis
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Anmol Singh Johal
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Maciej Kabat
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Sayantani Basak
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
- Developmental Sciences-Safety Assessment, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080-4990, USA
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
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29
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Small-Molecule Modulation of Lipid-Dependent Cellular Processes against Cancer: Fats on the Gunpoint. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6437371. [PMID: 30186863 PMCID: PMC6114229 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6437371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lipid cell membrane composed of various distinct lipids and proteins act as a platform to assemble various signaling complexes regulating innumerous cellular processes which are strongly downregulated or altered in cancer cells emphasizing the still-underestimated critical function of lipid biomolecules in cancer initiation and progression. In this review, we outline the current understanding of how membrane lipids act as signaling hot spots by generating distinct membrane microdomains called rafts to initiate various cellular processes and their modulation in cancer phenotypes. We elucidate tangible drug targets and pathways all amenable to small-molecule perturbation. Ranging from targeting membrane rafts organization/reorganization to rewiring lipid metabolism and lipid sorting in cancer, the work summarized here represents critical intervention points being attempted for lipid-based anticancer therapy and future directions.
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30
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Xu H, Liu M, Huang X, Min Q, Zhu JJ. Multiplexed Quantitative MALDI MS Approach for Assessing Activity and Inhibition of Protein Kinases Based on Postenrichment Dephosphorylation of Phosphopeptides by Metal–Organic Framework-Templated Porous CeO2. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9859-9867. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qianhao Min
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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31
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Fonseca MDC, França A, Florentino RM, Fonseca RC, Lima Filho ACM, Vidigal PTV, Oliveira AG, Dubuquoy L, Nathanson MH, Leite MF. Cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains are needed for insulin signaling and proliferation in hepatic cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G80-G94. [PMID: 29471671 PMCID: PMC6109708 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00008.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration is a well-coordinated process regulated by the activation of several growth factor receptors, including the insulin receptor (IR). The IR can be localized in part to cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains, but the role of such domains in insulin-mediated events in hepatocytes is not known. We investigated whether partitioning of IRs into cholesterol-enriched membrane rafts is important for the mitogenic effects of insulin in the hepatic cells. IR and lipid rafts were labeled in HepG2 cells and primary rat hepatocytes. Membrane cholesterol was depleted in vitro with metyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) and in vivo with lovastatin. Insulin-induced calcium (Ca2+) signals studies were examined in HepG2 cells and in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes as well as in whole liver in vivo by intravital confocal imaging. Liver regeneration was studied by 70% partial hepatectomy (PH), and hepatocyte proliferation was assessed by PCNA staining. A subpopulation of IR was found in membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol. Depletion of cholesterol from plasma membrane resulted in redistribution of the IR along the cells, which was associated with impaired insulin-induced nuclear Ca2+ signals, a signaling event that regulates hepatocyte proliferation. Cholesterol depletion also led to ERK1/2 hyper-phosphorylation. Lovastatin administration to rats decreased hepatic cholesterol content, disrupted lipid rafts and decreased insulin-induced Ca2+ signaling in hepatocytes, and delayed liver regeneration after PH. Therefore, membrane cholesterol content and lipid rafts integrity showed to be important for the proliferative effects of insulin in hepatic cells. NEW & NOTEWORTHY One of insulin's actions is to stimulate liver regeneration. Here we show that a subpopulation of insulin receptors is in a specialized cholesterol-enriched region of the cell membrane and this subfraction is important for insulin's proliferative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus de Castro Fonseca
- 1Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil,2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andressa França
- 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,3Department of Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Machado Florentino
- 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Roberta Cristelli Fonseca
- 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,4Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Teixeira Vieira Vidigal
- 5Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - André Gustavo Oliveira
- 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,4Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laurent Dubuquoy
- 6Lille Inflammation Research International Center–UMR995, INSERM, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Michael H. Nathanson
- 7Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - M. Fátima Leite
- 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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32
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Harper K, R. Lavoie R, Charbonneau M, Brochu-Gaudreau K, Dubois CM. The Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment Promotes Invadopodia Formation and Metastasis through LPA1 Receptor and EGFR Cooperation. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1601-1613. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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NOTCH3 inactivation increases triple negative breast cancer sensitivity to gefitinib by promoting EGFR tyrosine dephosphorylation and its intracellular arrest. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:42. [PMID: 29795369 PMCID: PMC5968025 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch dysregulation has been implicated in numerous tumors, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is the breast cancer subtype with the worst clinical outcome. However, the importance of individual receptors in TNBC and their specific mechanism of action remain to be elucidated, even if recent findings suggested a specific role of activated-Notch3 in a subset of TNBCs. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in TNBCs but the use of anti-EGFR agents (including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, TKIs) has not been approved for the treatment of these patients, as clinical trials have shown disappointing results. Resistance to EGFR blockers is commonly reported. Here we show that Notch3-specific inhibition increases TNBC sensitivity to the TKI-gefitinib in TNBC-resistant cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Notch3 is able to regulate the activated EGFR membrane localization into lipid rafts microdomains, as Notch3 inhibition, such as rafts depletion, induces the EGFR internalization and its intracellular arrest, without involving receptor degradation. Interestingly, these events are associated with the EGFR tyrosine dephosphorylation at Y1173 residue (but not at Y1068) by the protein tyrosine phosphatase H1 (PTPH1), thus suggesting its possible involvement in the observed Notch3-dependent TNBC sensitivity response to gefitinib. Consistent with this notion, a nuclear localization defect of phospho-EGFR is observed after combined blockade of EGFR and Notch3, which results in a decreased TNBC cell survival. Notably, we observed a significant correlation between EGFR and NOTCH3 expression levels by in silico gene expression and immunohistochemical analysis of human TNBC primary samples. Our findings strongly suggest that combined therapies of TKI-gefitinib with Notch3-specific suppression may be exploited as a drug combination advantage in TNBC treatment.
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34
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Eden G, Archinti M, Arnaudova R, Andreotti G, Motta A, Furlan F, Citro V, Cubellis MV, Degryse B. D2A sequence of the urokinase receptor induces cell growth through αvβ3 integrin and EGFR. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1889-1907. [PMID: 29184982 PMCID: PMC11105377 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The urokinase receptor (uPAR) stimulates cell proliferation by forming a macromolecular complex with αvβ3 integrin and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB1 or HER1) that we name the uPAR proliferasome. uPAR transactivates EGFR, which in turn mediates uPAR-initiated mitogenic signal to the cell. EGFR activation and EGFR-dependent cell growth are blocked in the absence of uPAR expression or when uPAR activity is inhibited by antibodies against either uPAR or EGFR. The mitogenic sequence of uPAR corresponds to the D2A motif present in domain 2. NMR analysis revealed that D2A synthetic peptide has a particular three-dimensional structure, which is atypical for short peptides. D2A peptide is as effective as EGF in promoting EGFR phosphorylation and cell proliferation that were inhibited by AG1478, a specific inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR. Both D2A and EGF failed to induce proliferation of NR6-EGFR-K721A cells expressing a kinase-defective mutant of EGFR. Moreover, D2A peptide and EGF phosphorylate ERK demonstrating the involvement of the MAP kinase signalling pathway. Altogether, this study reveals the importance of sequence D2A of uPAR, and the interdependence of uPAR and EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Eden
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
- Medical Clinic V, Teaching Hospital Braunschweig, Salzdahlumer Straße 90, 38126, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Marco Archinti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, DIBIT, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Ralitsa Arnaudova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, DIBIT, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Andreotti
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - Andrea Motta
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy
| | - Federico Furlan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, DIBIT, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- BoNetwork Programme, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Citro
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Bernard Degryse
- Department of Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics, DIBIT, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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35
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Barcus CE, Keely PJ, Eliceiri KW, Schuler LA. Prolactin signaling through focal adhesion complexes is amplified by stiff extracellular matrices in breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48093-48106. [PMID: 27344177 PMCID: PMC5217003 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α positive (ERα+) breast cancer accounts for most breast cancer deaths. Both prolactin (PRL) and extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness/density have been implicated in metastatic progression of this disease. We previously demonstrated that these factors cooperate to fuel processes involved in cancer progression. Culture of ERα+ breast cancer cells in dense/stiff 3D collagen-I matrices shifts the repertoire of PRL signals, and increases crosstalk between PRL and estrogen to promote proliferation and invasion. However, previous work did not distinguish ECM stiffness and collagen density. In order to dissect the ECM features that control PRL signals, we cultured T47D and MCF-7 cells on polyacrylamide hydrogels of varying elastic moduli (stiffness) with varying collagen-I concentrations (ligand density). Increasing stiffness from physiological to pathological significantly augmented PRL-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and the SFK target, FAK-Y925, with only modest effects on pSTAT5. In contrast, higher collagen-I ligand density lowered PRL-induced pSTAT5 with no effect on pERK1/2 or pFAK-Y925. Disrupting focal adhesion signaling decreased PRL signals and PRL/estrogen-induced proliferation more efficiently in stiff, compared to compliant, extracellular environments. These data indicate that matrix stiffness shifts the balance of PRL signals from physiological (JAK2/STAT5) to pathological (FAK/SFK/ERK1/2) by increasing PRL signals through focal adhesions. Together, our studies suggest that PRL signaling to FAK and SFKs may be useful targets in clinical aggressive ERα+ breast carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig E Barcus
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Patricia J Keely
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Linda A Schuler
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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36
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Overmiller AM, McGuinn KP, Roberts BJ, Cooper F, Brennan-Crispi DM, Deguchi T, Peltonen S, Wahl JK, Mahoney MG. c-Src/Cav1-dependent activation of the EGFR by Dsg2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:37536-37555. [PMID: 26918609 PMCID: PMC5122330 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The desmosomal cadherin, desmoglein 2 (Dsg2), is deregulated in a variety of human cancers including those of the skin. When ectopically expressed in the epidermis of transgenic mice, Dsg2 activates multiple mitogenic signaling pathways and increases susceptibility to tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for Dsg2-mediated cellular signaling is poorly understood. Here we show overexpression as well as co-localization of Dsg2 and EGFR in cutaneous SCCs in vivo. Using HaCaT keratinocytes, knockdown of Dsg2 decreases EGFR expression and abrogates the activation of EGFR, c-Src and Stat3, but not Erk1/2 or Akt, in response to EGF ligand stimulation. To determine whether Dsg2 mediates signaling through lipid microdomains, sucrose density fractionation illustrated that Dsg2 is recruited to and displaces Cav1, EGFR and c-Src from light density lipid raft fractions. STED imaging confirmed that the presence of Dsg2 disperses Cav1 from the cell-cell borders. Perturbation of lipid rafts with the cholesterol-chelating agent MβCD also shifts Cav1, c-Src and EGFR out of the rafts and activates signaling pathways. Functionally, overexpression of Dsg2 in human SCC A431 cells enhances EGFR activation and increases cell proliferation and migration through a c-Src and EGFR dependent manner. In summary, our data suggest that Dsg2 stimulates cell growth and migration by positively regulating EGFR level and signaling through a c-Src and Cav1-dependent mechanism using lipid rafts as signal modulatory platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Overmiller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kathleen P McGuinn
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brett J Roberts
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Felicia Cooper
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Donna M Brennan-Crispi
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Takahiro Deguchi
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirkku Peltonen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Turku and Turku Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - James K Wahl
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Mỹ G Mahoney
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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37
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FYN promotes mesenchymal phenotypes of basal type breast cancer cells through STAT5/NOTCH2 signaling node. Oncogene 2018; 37:1857-1868. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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38
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Badana AK, Chintala M, Gavara MM, Naik S, Kumari S, Kappala VR, Iska BR, Malla RR. Lipid rafts disruption induces apoptosis by attenuating expression of LRP6 and survivin in triple negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:359-368. [PMID: 29091885 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer is a clinically challenging subtype due to lack of biomarker for rational targeted therapy. Lipid rafts are cholesterol enriched rigid platforms, which colocalize signalling molecules of cancer progression. This study explores the effect of lipid rafts disruption by cholesterol depleting agent, MβCD on induction of apoptosis and expression of WNT receptor LRP6, survivin and common apoptotic markers in TNBC cell lines. The in vitro effect of lipid rafts disruption on viability, single cell reproductive ability, proliferation and migration were evaluated by MTT, clonogenic, BrdU incorporation and wound scratch assays, respectively. The morphological changes were assessed by tryphan blue, Wright and Giemsa staining; nuclear changes by Hoechst staining. The induction of apoptosis was evaluated by AO/EtBr staining, DNA damage and DNA fragmentation assays. Expression of Caveolin-1, LRP6, β-Catenin, Survivin, Bcl2, BAX, Caspase-3, Ki67 and c-myc were analyzed by PCR and Western blotting techniques. The lipid raft disruption resulted in reduction of the proliferation of MDA-MB 231 and MDA-MB 468 cells by 56.3 and 42.0%; survival fraction by 54.7 and 59.4%; migration by 44.3 and 48.4%, respectively. It also induced apoptosis by causing cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, nuclear condensation, chromatin cleavage, oligonucleotide fragmentation with an apoptotic index of 59.1 and 46.6% in MDA-MB 231 and 468 cells, respectively. Further, it downregulated the expression of caveolin-1, LRP6, β-catenin, survivin, Bcl2, ki67, c-myc and upregulated BAX, caspase-3. The cholesterol supplementation enhanced the clonogenic potential and upregulated the expression of caveolin-1 and LRP6. The results underline a potential effect of lipid rafts disruption on induction of apoptosis in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Badana
- Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Madhuri Chintala
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Murali Mohan Gavara
- Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Shailender Naik
- Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Seema Kumari
- Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | | | | | - Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India; Department of Biochemistry, GIS, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India.
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39
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Zhang Z, Wang L, Du J, Li Y, Yang H, Li C, Li H, Hu H. Lipid raft localization of epidermal growth factor receptor alters matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression in SiHa cells via the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:4991-4998. [PMID: 28101233 PMCID: PMC5228301 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) has been identified as an important participant in tumor invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) localization to lipid rafts on signaling pathways involved in the regulation of MMP-1 expression in SiHa cells, a cervical cancer cell line. EGFR activation by EGF specifically induced MMP-1 expression at both the messenger RNA and protein levels. Additionally, it was observed that EGFR localized to lipid rafts, and that the redistribution of EGFR induced by lipid raft disruption strengthened EGF-induced MMP-1 expression. MMP-1 induction was blocked by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase inhibitors PD98059 and U0126. Our results suggested that lipid rafts provide a platform to inhibit EGFR regulation of MMP-1 in SiHa cells through the MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongfeng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Huilun Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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40
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c- Src and its role in cystic fibrosis. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:401-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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41
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Feng B, Dai A, Chen L, Qiu L, Fu Y, Sun W. NADPH oxidase-produced superoxide mediated a 50-Hz magnetic field-induced epidermal growth factor receptor clustering. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 92:596-602. [PMID: 27442448 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1206227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A 50-Hz magnetic field (MF) was found to induce epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) clustering in our previous study. The aim of this work was to investigate the molecular mechanisms that mediated MF-induced EGFR clustering. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human amniotic epithelial (FL) cells were exposed to a 50-Hz MF. Total reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytoplasmic and mitochondrial superoxide production were detected by DCFH-DA, DHE and MitoSOX, respectively. EGFR clustering was analyzed using confocal microscopy after indirect immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Results showed that exposing FL cells to MF at intensity higher than 0.2 mT for 15 min enhanced total ROS production. Additionally, enhanced total ROS and cytoplasmic superoxide production were observed after exposing cells to MF at 0.4 mT for 5, 15, or 30 min, while mitochondrial superoxide production for 15 or 30 min. Pretreatment with Nox inhibitor, DPI, effectively inhibited MF-induced cytoplasmic superoxide production and subsequent EGFR clustering while mitochondrial superoxide production was not affected. CONCLUSIONS Nox-produced superoxide mediated a 50-Hz magnetic field-induced EGFR clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihuan Feng
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Ahui Dai
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China ;,c Healthcare Department , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Liping Qiu
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Yiti Fu
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China ;,b Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
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42
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Deng W, Gu L, Li X, Zheng J, Zhang Y, Duan B, Cui J, Dong J, Du J. CD24 associates with EGFR and supports EGF/EGFR signaling via RhoA in gastric cancer cells. J Transl Med 2016; 14:32. [PMID: 26830684 PMCID: PMC5439121 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0787-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD24, a mucin-like membrane glycoprotein, plays a critical role in carcinogenesis, but its role in human gastric cancer and the underlying mechanism remains undefined. Methods The contents of CD24 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901 and BGC-823) and non-malignant gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) were evaluated by Western blotting assay. Cellular EGFR staining was examined by immunofluorescence assay. Cell migration rate was measured by wound healing assay. The effects of depletion/overexperssion of CD24 on EGFR expression and activation of EGF/EGFR singaling pathways were evaluated by immunofluorescence, qPCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry techniques. RhoA activity was assessed by pulldown assay. CD24 and EGFR expression patterns in human gastric tumor samples were also investigated by immunohistochemistry staining. Results CD24 was overexpressed in human gastric cancer cells. Ectopic expression of CD24 in gastric epithelial cells augmented the expression of EGFR, while knockdown of CD24 in gastric cancer cells decreased the level of EGFR and cell migration velocity. To further explore the mechanisms, we investigated the effect of CD24 expression on EGF/EGFR signaling. We noticed that this effect of CD24 on EGFR expression was dependent on promoting EGFR internalization and degradation. Lower ERK and Akt phosphorylations in response to EGF stimulation were observed in CD24-depleted cells. In addition, we noticed that the effect of CD24 on EGFR stability was mediated by RhoA activity in SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells. Analysis of gastric cancer specimens revealed a positive correlation between CD24 and EGFR levels and an association between CD24 expression and worse prognosis. Conclusion Thus, these findings suggest for the first time that CD24 regulates EGFR signaling by inhibiting EGFR internalization and degradation in a RhoA-dependent manner in gastric cancer cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-0787-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Deng
- Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Luo Gu
- Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianchao Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Biao Duan
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Modern Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Du
- Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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43
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Dossa AY, Escobar O, Golden J, Frey MR, Ford HR, Gayer CP. Bile acids regulate intestinal cell proliferation by modulating EGFR and FXR signaling. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G81-92. [PMID: 26608185 PMCID: PMC4719061 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00065.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are synthesized in the liver and secreted into the intestine. In the lumen, enteric bacteria metabolize BAs from conjugated, primary forms into more toxic unconjugated, secondary metabolites. Secondary BAs can be injurious to the intestine and may contribute to disease. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR) are known to interact with BAs. In this study we examined the effects of BAs on intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and investigated the possible roles for EGFR and FXR in these effects. We report that taurine-conjugated cholic acid (TCA) induced proliferation, while its unconjugated secondary counterpart deoxycholic acid (DCA) inhibited proliferation. TCA stimulated phosphorylation of Src, EGFR, and ERK 1/2. Pharmacological blockade of any of these pathways or genetic ablation of EGFR abrogated TCA-stimulated proliferation. Interestingly, Src or EGFR inhibitors eliminated TCA-induced phosphorylation of both molecules, suggesting that their activation is interdependent. In contrast to TCA, DCA exposure diminished EGFR phosphorylation, and pharmacological or siRNA blockade of FXR abolished DCA-induced inhibition of proliferation. Taken together, these results suggest that TCA induces intestinal cell proliferation via Src, EGFR, and ERK activation. In contrast, DCA inhibits proliferation via an FXR-dependent mechanism that may include downstream inactivation of the EGFR/Src/ERK pathway. Since elevated secondary BA levels are the result of specific bacterial modification, this may provide a mechanism through which an altered microbiota contributes to normal or abnormal intestinal epithelial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avafia Y. Dossa
- 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;
| | - Oswaldo Escobar
- 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;
| | - Jamie Golden
- 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;
| | - Mark R. Frey
- 2Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and ,3Pediatrics, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Henri R. Ford
- 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; ,2Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Christopher P. Gayer
- 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; ,2Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and
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44
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Sundby E, Han J, Kaspersen SJ, Hoff BH. In vitro baselining of new pyrrolopyrimidine EGFR-TK inhibitors with Erlotinib. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 80:56-65. [PMID: 26296860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors are useful in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, and show promise in combination therapy settings. Two novel chiral pyrrolopyrimidines have been baselined towards Erlotinib, Lapatinib and Dasatinib using in vitro cellular studies and ADME profiling. One of these, (S)-2-((6-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-phenylethan-1-ol, was more active than Erlotinib in lung and breast cancer cell models. The compound also had promising activity towards ovarian cancer cell lines, while low activity was seen towards cells of haematological origin. ADME profiling revealed good solubility, higher metabolic stability than Erlotinib and no inhibitory effect towards the hERG voltage-gated ion channel. Investigation of inhibitory potency towards 6 CYP isoforms generally revealed low inhibitory potency, but in the case of CYP3A4, a substrate dependent inhibition was noted using testosterone as substrate (IC50: 12.5μM). No cellular or gene toxicity was noted for the compounds or products of phase I metabolism. However, permeability studies using Caco-2 cells revealed a high efflux ratio. Further experiments using ABC transporter inhibitors revealed that the pyrrolopyrimidines are actively transported by the breast cancer resistant protein and P-glycoprotein transporters, which might prevent their further development into drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirik Sundby
- Sør-Trøndelag University College, E. C. Dahls gt. 2, NO-7004 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jin Han
- Sør-Trøndelag University College, E. C. Dahls gt. 2, NO-7004 Trondheim, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Svein Jacob Kaspersen
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Bård Helge Hoff
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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45
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Rao S, Larroque-Lombard AL, Peyrard L, Thauvin C, Rachid Z, Williams C, Jean-Claude BJ. Target modulation by a kinase inhibitor engineered to induce a tandem blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-Src: the concept of type III combi-targeting. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117215. [PMID: 25658745 PMCID: PMC4414309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are characterized by a complex network of interrelated and compensatory signaling driven by multiple kinases that reduce their sensitivity to targeted therapy. Therefore, strategies directed at inhibiting two or more kinases are required to robustly block the growth of refractory tumour cells. Here we report on a novel strategy to promote sustained inhibition of two oncogenic kinases (Kin-1 and Kin-2) by designing a molecule K1-K2, termed "combi-molecule", to induce a tandem blockade of Kin-1 and Kin-2, as an intact structure and to be further hydrolyzed to two inhibitors K1 and K2 directed at Kin-1 and Kin-2, respectively. We chose to target EGFR (Kin-1) and c-Src (Kin-2), two tyrosine kinases known to synergize to promote tumour growth and progression. Variation of K1-K2 linkers led to AL776, our first optimized EGFR-c-Src targeting prototype. Here we showed that: (a) AL776 blocked EGFR and c-Src as an intact structure using an in vitro kinase assay (IC50 EGFR = 0.12 μM and IC50 c-Src = 3 nM), (b) it could release K1 (AL621, a nanomolar EGFR inhibitor) and K2 (dasatinib, a clinically approved Abl/c-Src inhibitor) by hydrolytic cleavage both in vitro and in vivo, (c) it could robustly inhibit phosphorylation of EGFR and c-Src (0.25-1 μM) in cells, (d) it induced 2-4 fold stronger growth inhibition than gefitinib or dasatinib and apoptosis at concentrations as low as 1 μM, and, (e) blocked motility and invasion at sub-micromolar doses in the highly invasive 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Despite its size (MW = 1032), AL776 blocked phosphorylation of EGFR and c-Src in 4T1 tumours in vivo. We now term this new targeting model consisting of designing a kinase inhibitor K1-K2 to target Kin-1 and Kin-2, and to further release two inhibitors K1 and K2 of the latter kinases, "type III combi-targeting".
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Rao
- Cancer Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of
Medical Oncology, McGill University Health Center/Royal Victoria Hospital, 687
Pine Avenue West Rm M7.19, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1 Canada
| | - Anne-Laure Larroque-Lombard
- Cancer Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of
Medical Oncology, McGill University Health Center/Royal Victoria Hospital, 687
Pine Avenue West Rm M7.19, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1 Canada
| | - Lisa Peyrard
- Cancer Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of
Medical Oncology, McGill University Health Center/Royal Victoria Hospital, 687
Pine Avenue West Rm M7.19, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1 Canada
| | - Cédric Thauvin
- Cancer Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of
Medical Oncology, McGill University Health Center/Royal Victoria Hospital, 687
Pine Avenue West Rm M7.19, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1 Canada
| | - Zakaria Rachid
- Cancer Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of
Medical Oncology, McGill University Health Center/Royal Victoria Hospital, 687
Pine Avenue West Rm M7.19, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1 Canada
| | - Christopher Williams
- Chemical Computing Group Inc., 1010 Sherbooke St. West, Suite #910,
Montreal, QC, H3A 2R7 Canada
| | - Bertrand J. Jean-Claude
- Cancer Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of
Medical Oncology, McGill University Health Center/Royal Victoria Hospital, 687
Pine Avenue West Rm M7.19, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1 Canada
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Guéguinou M, Gambade A, Félix R, Chantôme A, Fourbon Y, Bougnoux P, Weber G, Potier-Cartereau M, Vandier C. Lipid rafts, KCa/ClCa/Ca2+ channel complexes and EGFR signaling: Novel targets to reduce tumor development by lipids? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1848:2603-20. [PMID: 25450343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Membrane lipid rafts are distinct plasma membrane nanodomains that are enriched with cholesterol, sphingolipids and gangliosides, with occasional presence of saturated fatty acids and phospholipids containing saturated acyl chains. It is well known that they organize receptors (such as Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor), ion channels and their downstream acting molecules to regulate intracellular signaling pathways. Among them are Ca2+ signaling pathways, which are modified in tumor cells and inhibited upon membrane raft disruption. In addition to protein components, lipids from rafts also contribute to the organization and function of Ca2+ signaling microdomains. This article aims to focus on the lipid raft KCa/ClCa/Ca2+ channel complexes that regulate Ca2+ and EGFR signaling in cancer cells, and discusses the potential modification of these complexes by lipids as a novel therapeutic approach in tumor development. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane channels and transporters in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Guéguinou
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France
| | - Audrey Gambade
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France
| | - Romain Félix
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France
| | - Aurélie Chantôme
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France
| | - Yann Fourbon
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France
| | - Philippe Bougnoux
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France; Centre HS Kaplan, CHRU Tours, Tours F-37032, France
| | - Günther Weber
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France
| | - Marie Potier-Cartereau
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France
| | - Christophe Vandier
- Inserm, UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours F-37032, France.
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme activities and tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer. Immunol Res 2014; 58:87-100. [PMID: 24072428 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-013-8434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of the tumor microenvironment especially of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the progression and metastatic spread of breast cancer is well established. TAMs have primarily a M2 (wound-healing) phenotype with minimal cytotoxic activities. The mechanisms by which tumor cells influence TAMs to display a pro-tumor phenotype are still debated although the key roles of immunomodulatory cytokines released by tumor cells, including colony-stimulating factor 1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and soluble TNF receptors 1/2, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, soluble interleukin 6 receptor and amphiregulin, have been demonstrated. Importantly, these factors are released through ectodomain shedding by the activities of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17). The role of TACE activation leading to autocrine effects on tumor progression has been extensively studied. In contrast, limited information is available on the role of tumor cell TACE activities on TAMs in breast cancer. TACE inhibitors, currently in clinical trials, will certainly affect TAMs and subsequently treatment outcomes based on the substrates it releases. Furthermore, whether targeting a subset of the molecules shed by TACE, specifically those leading to TAMs with altered functions and phenotype, holds greater therapeutic promises than past clinical trials of TACE antagonists' remains to be determined. Here, the potential roles of TACE ectodomain shedding in the breast tumor microenvironment are reviewed with a focus on the release of tumor-derived immunomodulatory factors shed by TACE that directs TAM phenotypes and functions.
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Zahonero C, Sánchez-Gómez P. EGFR-dependent mechanisms in glioblastoma: towards a better therapeutic strategy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:3465-88. [PMID: 24671641 PMCID: PMC11113227 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a particularly resilient cancer, and while therapies may be able to reach the brain by crossing the blood-brain barrier, they then have to deal with a highly invasive tumor that is very resistant to DNA damage. It seems clear that in order to kill aggressive glioma cells more efficiently and with fewer side effects on normal tissue, there must be a shift from classical cytotoxic chemotherapy to more targeted therapies. Since the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is altered in almost 50% of glioblastomas, it currently represents one of the most promising therapeutic targets. In fact, it has been associated with several distinct steps in tumorigenesis, from tumor initiation to tumor growth and survival, and also with the regulation of cell migration and angiogenesis. However, inhibitors of the EGFR kinase have produced poor results with this type of cancer in clinical trials, with no clear explanation for the tumor resistance observed. Here we will review what we know about the expression and function of EGFR in cancer and in particular in gliomas. We will also evaluate which are the possible molecular and cellular escape mechanisms. As a result, we hope that this review will help improve the design of future EGFR-targeted therapies for glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zahonero
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III-UFIEC, Madrid, Spain
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Kaspersen SJ, Han J, Nørsett KG, Rydså L, Kjøbli E, Bugge S, Bjørkøy G, Sundby E, Hoff BH. Identification of new 4-N-substituted 6-aryl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-amines as highly potent EGFR-TK inhibitors with Src-family activity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 59:69-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Vadali S, Post SR. Lipid rafts couple class A scavenger receptors to phospholipase A2 activation during macrophage adhesion. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 96:873-81. [PMID: 25070949 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2a0414-214r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SR-A mediated macrophage adhesion to modified ECM proteins in a process that involves physical attachment of SR-A to modified ECM and activation of Lyn-PI3K and PLA2-12/15-lipoxygenase signaling pathways. Structurally, SR-A-mediated cell adhesion requires a 6-aa membrane-proximal cytoplasmic motif. However, the mechanism that couples SR-A-mediated adhesion to activation of these distinct signaling pathways is not known. For other adhesion receptors, including integrins, localization in cholesterol-rich LRs is an important mechanism for coupling the receptor with the activation of specific signaling pathways. We hypothesized that SR-A-mediated macrophage adhesion might also involve LRs. Our results demonstrate that SR-A is enriched in LRs in HEK cells that heterologously express SR-A and in macrophages that endogenously expressed the receptor. We further show that a truncated SR-A construct (SR-A(Δ1-49)), which mediates cell adhesion but not ligand internalization, is also enriched in LRs, suggesting an association between LRs and SR-A-dependent cell adhesion. To examine this association more directly, we used the cholesterol chelator MβCD to deplete cholesterol and disrupt LR function. We found that cholesterol depletion significantly decreased SR-A-mediated macrophage adhesion. We further show that decreased SR-A-dependent macrophage adhesion following cholesterol depletion results from the inhibition of PLA2 but not PI3K activation. Overall, our results demonstrate an important role for LRs in selectively coupling SR-A with PLA2 activation during macrophage adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven R Post
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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