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Cormier F, Housni S, Dumont F, Villard M, Cochand-Priollet B, Mercier-Nomé F, Perlemoine K, Bertherat J, Groussin L. NF-κB signaling activation and roles in thyroid cancers: implication of MAP3K14/NIK. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:55. [PMID: 37973791 PMCID: PMC10654696 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Among follicular-derived thyroid cancers (TC), those with aggressive behavior and resistance to current treatments display poor prognosis. NF-κB signaling pathways are involved in tumor progression of various cancers. Here, we finely characterize the NF-κB pathways and their involvement in TC. By using immunoblot and gel shift assays, we demonstrated that both classical and alternative NF-κB pathways are activated in ten TC-derived cell lines, leading to activated RelA/p50 and RelB/p50 NF-κB dimers. By analyzing the RNAseq data of the large papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project, we identified a tumor progression-related NF-κB signature in BRAFV600E mutated-PTCs. That corroborated with the role of RelA and RelB in cell migration and invasion processes that we demonstrated specifically in BRAFV600E mutated-cell lines, together with their role in the control of expression of genes implicated in invasiveness (MMP1, PLAU, LCN2 and LGALS3). We also identified NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) as a novel actor of the constitutive activation of the NF-κB pathways in TC-derived cell lines. Finally, its implication in invasiveness and its overexpression in PTC samples make NIK a potential therapeutic target for advanced TC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Cormier
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, F-75014, Paris, France.
| | - Selma Housni
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, F-75014, Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dumont
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, F-75014, Paris, France
- UMS IPSIT, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CNRS, F-91400, Orsay, France
| | - Mélodie Villard
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Béatrix Cochand-Priollet
- Service de Pathologie, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Cochin, Université Paris Cité, F-75014, Paris, France
| | | | - Karine Perlemoine
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, F-75014, Paris, France
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Cochin AP-HP Centre, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Groussin
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, F-75014, Paris, France
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Cochin AP-HP Centre, F-75014, Paris, France
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Chu X, Li W, Hines MG, Lyakhov I, Mellors JW, Dimitrov DS. Human antibody V H domains targeting uPAR as candidate therapeutics for cancers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1194972. [PMID: 37876962 PMCID: PMC10593477 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1194972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The high expression of uPAR has been linked to tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis in several types of cancer. Such overexpression of uPAR makes it a potential target for immunotherapies across common cancers such as breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian cancer, and melanoma. In our study, two high-affinity and specific human VH domain antibody candidates, designed as clones 3 and 115, were isolated from a phage-displayed human VH antibody library. Domain-based bispecific T- cell engagers (DbTE) based on these two antibodies exhibited potent killing of uPAR-positive cancer cells. Thus, these two anti-uPAR domain antibodies are promising candidates for treating uPAR positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Chu
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Margaret G. Hines
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - John W. Mellors
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Abound Bio, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Dimiter S. Dimitrov
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Abound Bio, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Liu W, Zhu J, Wu Z, Yin Y, Wu Q, Wu Y, Zheng J, Wang C, Chen H, Qazi TJ, Wu J, Zhang Y, Liu H, Yang J, Lu D, Zhang X, Ai Z. Insight of novel biomarkers for papillary thyroid carcinoma through multiomics. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1269751. [PMID: 37795451 PMCID: PMC10546062 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1269751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The overdiagnosing of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in China necessitates the development of an evidence-based diagnosis and prognosis strategy in line with precision medicine. A landscape of PTC in Chinese cohorts is needed to provide comprehensiveness. Methods 6 paired PTC samples were employed for whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and data-dependent acquisition mass spectrum analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and protein-protein interactions networks were used to screen for hub genes. Moreover, we verified the hub genes' diagnostic and prognostic potential using online databases. Logistic regression was employed to construct a diagnostic model, and we evaluated its efficacy and specificity based on TCGA-THCA and GEO datasets. Results The basic multiomics landscape of PTC among local patients were drawn. The similarities and differences were compared between the Chinese cohort and TCGA-THCA cohorts, including the identification of PNPLA5 as a driver gene in addition to BRAF mutation. Besides, we found 572 differentially expressed genes and 79 differentially expressed proteins. Through integrative analysis, we identified 17 hub genes for prognosis and diagnosis of PTC. Four of these genes, ABR, AHNAK2, GPX1, and TPO, were used to construct a diagnostic model with high accuracy, explicitly targeting PTC (AUC=0.969/0.959 in training/test sets). Discussion Multiomics analysis of the Chinese cohort demonstrated significant distinctions compared to TCGA-THCA cohorts, highlighting the unique genetic characteristics of Chinese individuals with PTC. The novel biomarkers, holding potential for diagnosis and prognosis of PTC, were identified. Furthermore, these biomarkers provide a valuable tool for precise medicine, especially for immunotherapeutic or nanomedicine based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junkan Zhu
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxiang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Womens Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao Wu
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Wu
- Shanghai WeHealth BioMedical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zheng
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Talal Jamil Qazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology, Khuzdar, Pakistan
| | - Jun Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Cell Bank, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Cell Bank, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Houbao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai WeHealth BioMedical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilong Ai
- Department of Surgery (Thyroid & Breast), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Baldini E, Presutti D, Favoriti P, Santini S, Papoff G, Tuccilli C, Carletti R, Di Gioia C, Lori E, Ferent IC, Gagliardi F, Catania A, Pironi D, Tripodi D, D’Andrea V, Sorrenti S, Ruberti G, Ulisse S. In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of the Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor WX-340 on Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073724. [PMID: 35409084 PMCID: PMC8999125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system is associated with tumor invasion, neo-angiogenesis, and metastatic spread, and has been shown to positively correlate with a poor prognosis in several cancer types, including thyroid carcinomas. In recent years, several uPA inhibitors were found to have anticancer effects in preclinical studies and in some phase II clinical trials, which prompted us to evaluate uPA as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of patients affected by the most aggressive form of thyroid cancer, the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). In this study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo effects of WX-340, a highly specific and selective uPA inhibitor, on two ATC-derived cell lines, CAL-62 and BHT-101. The results obtained indicated that WX-340 was able to reduce cell adhesion and invasiveness in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines. In addition, WX-340 increased uPA receptor (uPAR) protein levels without affecting its plasma membrane concentration. However, this compound was unable to significantly reduce ATC growth in a xenograft model, indicating that uPA inhibition alone may not have the expected therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enke Baldini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Dario Presutti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (S.S.); (G.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Pasqualino Favoriti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Simonetta Santini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (S.S.); (G.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Giuliana Papoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (S.S.); (G.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Chiara Tuccilli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Raffaella Carletti
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Cira Di Gioia
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.C.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Eleonora Lori
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Iulia Catalina Ferent
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Federica Gagliardi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Antonio Catania
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Daniele Pironi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Domenico Tripodi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Vito D’Andrea
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Salvatore Sorrenti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Giovina Ruberti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (S.S.); (G.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Surgical Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.F.); (C.T.); (E.L.); (I.C.F.); (F.G.); (A.C.); (D.P.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Bai S, Chen L, Yan Y, Wang X, Jiang A, Li R, Kang H, Feng Z, Li G, Ma W, Zhang J, Ren J. Identification of Hypoxia-Immune-Related Gene Signatures and Construction of a Prognostic Model in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:796156. [PMID: 35211477 PMCID: PMC8860910 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.796156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), a kind of malignant disease, is a severe threat to public health. Tracking the information of tumor progression and conducting a related dynamic prognosis model are necessary for KIRC. It is crucial to identify hypoxia-immune-related genes and construct a prognostic model due to immune interaction and the influence of hypoxia in the prognosis of patients with KIRC. Methods: The hypoxia and immune status of KIRC patients were identified by utilizing t-SNE and ImmuCellAI for gene expression data. COX and Lasso regression were used to identify some hypoxia-immune-related signature genes and further construct a prognostic risk model based on these genes. Internal and external validations were also conducted to construct a prognostic model. Finally, some potentially effective drugs were screened by the CMap dataset. Results: We found that high-hypoxia and low-immune status tend to induce poor overall survival (OS). Six genes, including PLAUR, UCN, PABPC1L, SLC16A12, NFE2L3, and KCNAB1, were identified and involved in our hypoxia-immune-related prognostic risk model. Internal verification showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for the constructed models for 1-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year OS were 0.768, 0.754, 0.775, and 0.792, respectively. For the external verification, the AUC for 1-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year OS were 0.768, 0.739, 0.763, and 0.643 respectively. Furthermore, the decision curve analysis findings demonstrated excellent clinical effectiveness. Finally, we found that four drugs (including vorinostat, fludroxycortide, oxolinic acid, and flutamide) might be effective and efficient in alleviating or reversing the status of severe hypoxia and poor infiltration of immune cells. Conclusion: Our constructed prognostic model, based on hypoxia-immune-related genes, has excellent effectiveness and clinical application value. Moreover, some small-molecule drugs are screened to alleviate severe hypoxia and poor infiltration of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuheng Bai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Chemotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanli Yan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Department of Chemotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haojing Kang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaode Feng
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangzu Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangzhou Zhang
- Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Lv T, Zhao Y, Jiang X, Yuan H, Wang H, Cui X, Xu J, Zhao J, Wang J. uPAR: An Essential Factor for Tumor Development. J Cancer 2021; 12:7026-7040. [PMID: 34729105 PMCID: PMC8558663 DOI: 10.7150/jca.62281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is closely related to the loss of control of many genes. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), a glycolipid-anchored protein on the cell surface, is controlled by many factors in tumorigenesis and is expressed in many tumor tissues. In this review, we summarize the regulatory effects of the uPAR signaling pathway on processes and factors related to tumor progression, such as tumor cell proliferation, adhesion, metastasis, glycolysis, tumor microenvironment and angiogenesis. Overall, the evidence accumulated to date suggests that uPAR induction by tumor progression may be one of the most important factors affecting therapeutic efficacy. An improved understanding of the interactions between uPAR and its coreceptors in cancer will provide critical biomolecular information that may help to better predict the disease course and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lv
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan, China 655011.,Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province Universities of the Diversity and Ecological Adaptive Evolution for Animals and Plants on YunGui Plateau, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, China 655011
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan, China 655011
| | - Xinni Jiang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 610500
| | - Hemei Yuan
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan, China 655011
| | - Haibo Wang
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan, China 655011.,Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province Universities of the Diversity and Ecological Adaptive Evolution for Animals and Plants on YunGui Plateau, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, China 655011
| | - Xuelin Cui
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan, China 655011
| | - Jiashun Xu
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan, China 655011
| | - Jingye Zhao
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan, China 655011
| | - Jianlin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan, China 655011
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7
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Xiang F, Wang Y, Cao C, Li Q, Deng H, Zheng J, Liu X, Tan X. The Role of Kallikrein 7 in Tumorigenesis. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2617-2631. [PMID: 34525904 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210915104537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Kallikrein 7 (KLK7) is a secreted serine protease with chymotrypsic protease activity. Abnormally high expression of KLK7 is closely related to the occurrence and development of various types of cancer. Therefore, KLK7 has been identified as a potential target for cancer drug development design in recent years. KLK7 mediates various biological and pathological processes in tumorigenesis, including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and cell metabolism, by hydrolyzing a series of substrates such as membrane proteins, extracellular matrix proteins, and cytokines. This review mainly introduces the downstream cell signaling pathways involved in the activation of KLK7 and its substrate-related proteins. This review will not only help us to better understand the mechanisms of KLK7 in regulating biological and pathological processes of cancer cells, but also lay a solid foundation for the design of inhibitors targeting KLK7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Xiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003. China
| | - Yueqing Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003. China
| | - Chunyu Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003. China
| | - Qingyun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003. China
| | - Hao Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003. China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003. China.,The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003. China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003. China
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8
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Yang J, Liu M, Hong D, Zeng M, Zhang X. The Paradoxical Role of Cellular Senescence in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722205. [PMID: 34458273 PMCID: PMC8388842 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence occurs in proliferating cells as a consequence of various triggers including telomere shortening, DNA damage, and inappropriate expression of oncogenes. The senescent state is accompanied by failure to reenter the cell cycle under mitotic stimulation, resistance to cell death and enhanced secretory phenotype. A growing number of studies have convincingly demonstrated a paradoxical role for spontaneous senescence and therapy-induced senescence (TIS), that senescence may involve both cancer prevention and cancer aggressiveness. Cellular senescence was initially described as a physiological suppressor mechanism of tumor cells, because cancer development requires cell proliferation. However, there is growing evidence that senescent cells may contribute to oncogenesis, partly in a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-dependent manner. On the one hand, SASP prevents cell division and promotes immune clearance of damaged cells, thereby avoiding tumor development. On the other hand, SASP contributes to tumor progression and relapse through creating an immunosuppressive environment. In this review, we performed a review to summarize both bright and dark sides of senescence in cancer, and the strategies to handle senescence in cancer therapy were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongchun Hong
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Musheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Zeng T, Cao Y, Gu T, Chen L, Tian Y, Li G, Shen J, Tao Z, Lu L. Alpha-Enolase Protects Hepatocyte Against Heat Stress Through Focal Adhesion Kinase-Mediated Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway. Front Genet 2021; 12:693780. [PMID: 34349784 PMCID: PMC8326979 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.693780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating pieces of evidence showed that α-enolase (ENO1) is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in a variety of pathophysiological processes. In our previous study, differential expression of ENO1 was observed in different heat-tolerance duck breeds. Here, we examined in vitro expression level of ENO1 in hepatocytes against heat stress. The mechanisms of ENO1 on cell glycolysis, growth, and its potential regulatory pathways were also analyzed. The results showed that ENO1 expression in messenger RNA and protein levels were both greatly increased in heat-treated cells compared with non-treated cells. ENO1-overexpressed cells significantly elevated cell viability and glycolysis levels. It was further shown that stably upregulated ENO1 activated focal adhesion kinase-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and its downstream signals. In addition, the interaction between ENO1 and 70-kDa heat shock protein was detected using co-immunoprecipitation. Our research suggests that ENO1 may interact with 70-kDa heat shock protein to protect hepatocyte against heat stress through focal adhesion kinase-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Cao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Tian
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junda Shen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenrong Tao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Biagioni A, Chillà A, Del Rosso M, Fibbi G, Scavone F, Andreucci E, Peppicelli S, Bianchini F, Calorini L, Li Santi A, Ragno P, Margheri F, Laurenzana A. CRISPR/Cas9 uPAR Gene Knockout Results in Tumor Growth Inhibition, EGFR Downregulation and Induction of Stemness Markers in Melanoma and Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines. Front Oncol 2021; 11:663225. [PMID: 34055629 PMCID: PMC8163229 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.663225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
uPAR is a globular protein, tethered to the cell membrane by a GPI-anchor involved in several cancer-related properties and its overexpression commonly correlates with poor prognosis and metastasis. We investigated the consequences of uPAR irreversible loss in human melanoma and colon cancer cell lines, knocking out its expression by CRISPR/Cas9. We analyzed through flow cytometry, western blotting and qPCR, the modulation of the most known cancer stem cells-associated genes and the EGFR while we observed the proliferation rate exploiting 2D and 3D cellular models. We also generated uPAR “rescue” expression cell lines as well as we promoted the expression of only its 3’UTR to demonstrate the involvement of uPAR mRNA in tumor progression. Knocking out PLAUR, uPAR-encoding gene, we observed an inhibited growth ratio unexpectedly coupled with a significant percentage of cells acquiring a stem-like phenotype. In vivo experiments demonstrated that uPAR loss completely abrogates tumorigenesis despite the gained stem-like profile. Nonetheless, we proved that the reintroduction of the 3’UTR of PLAUR gene was sufficient to restore the wild-type status validating the hypothesis that such a region may act as a “molecular sponge”. In particular miR146a, by binding PLAUR 3’ UTR region might be responsible for uPAR-dependent inhibition of EGFR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Scavone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Anna Li Santi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Pia Ragno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
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11
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The Urokinase Receptor: A Multifunctional Receptor in Cancer Cell Biology. Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084111. [PMID: 33923400 PMCID: PMC8073738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis is a key event in several biological processes; proteolysis must be tightly controlled because its improper activation leads to dramatic consequences. Deregulation of proteolytic activity characterizes many pathological conditions, including cancer. The plasminogen activation (PA) system plays a key role in cancer; it includes the serine-protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). uPA binds to a specific cellular receptor (uPAR), which concentrates proteolytic activity at the cell surface, thus supporting cell migration. However, a large body of evidence clearly showed uPAR involvement in the biology of cancer cell independently of the proteolytic activity of its ligand. In this review we will first describe this multifunctional molecule and then we will discuss how uPAR can sustain most of cancer hallmarks, which represent the biological capabilities acquired during the multistep cancer development. Finally, we will illustrate the main data available in the literature on uPAR as a cancer biomarker and a molecular target in anti-cancer therapy.
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12
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Ieni A, Vita R, Cardia R, Giuffré G, Benvenga S, Tuccari G. BRAF Status in Papillary Microcarcinomas of the Thyroid Gland: a Brief Review. Curr Mol Med 2020; 19:665-672. [PMID: 31625469 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666190717161359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is defined by the World Health Organization as papillary cancer measuring 10 mm or less in diameter. Generally, PTMC shows an indolent clinical behavior with a good prognosis, although a minority of PTMC is characterized by an aggressive course. However, efforts to identify this aggressive subset of PTMC after surgery remain inconclusive. Several oncogenic pathways have been identified in thyroid cancer and have been applied translationally to improve prognosis and clinical management. In particular, the BRAFV600E mutation was found more frequently in large, aggressive, recurrent and advanced tumors. We aimed at reviewing studies on BRAFV600E mutation as a prognostic factor in PTMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology "Gaetano Barresi" - Section of Pathological Anatomy, A.O.U. Polyclinic G.Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Cardia
- Department of Human Pathology "Gaetano Barresi" - Section of Pathological Anatomy, A.O.U. Polyclinic G.Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giuffré
- Department of Human Pathology "Gaetano Barresi" - Section of Pathological Anatomy, A.O.U. Polyclinic G.Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Master Program on Childhood, Adolescent and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Interdepartmental Program of Molecular & Clinical Endocrinology, and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology "Gaetano Barresi" - Section of Pathological Anatomy, A.O.U. Polyclinic G.Martino, 98125 Messina, Italy
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13
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Kokal M, Mirzakhani K, Pungsrinont T, Baniahmad A. Mechanisms of Androgen Receptor Agonist- and Antagonist-Mediated Cellular Senescence in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071833. [PMID: 32650419 PMCID: PMC7408918 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) plays a leading role in the control of prostate cancer (PCa) growth. Interestingly, structurally different AR antagonists with distinct mechanisms of antagonism induce cell senescence, a mechanism that inhibits cell cycle progression, and thus seems to be a key cellular response for the treatment of PCa. Surprisingly, while physiological levels of androgens promote growth, supraphysiological androgen levels (SAL) inhibit PCa growth in an AR-dependent manner by inducing cell senescence in cancer cells. Thus, oppositional acting ligands, AR antagonists, and agonists are able to induce cellular senescence in PCa cells, as shown in cell culture model as well as ex vivo in patient tumor samples. This suggests a dual AR-signaling dependent on androgen levels that leads to the paradox of the rational to keep the AR constantly inactivated in order to treat PCa. These observations however opened the option to treat PCa patients with AR antagonists and/or with androgens at supraphysiological levels. The latter is currently used in clinical trials in so-called bipolar androgen therapy (BAT). Notably, cellular senescence is induced by AR antagonists or agonist in both androgen-dependent and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Pathway analysis suggests a crosstalk between AR and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src-Akt/PKB and the PI3K-mTOR-autophagy signaling in mediating AR-induced cellular senescence in PCa. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of therapeutic induction and intracellular pathways of AR-mediated cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aria Baniahmad
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3641-9396820; Fax: +49-3641-99396822
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14
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Rajabi S, Shakib H, Dastmalchi R, Danesh-Afrooz A, Karima S, Hedayati M. Metastatic propagation of thyroid cancer; organ tropism and major modulators. Future Oncol 2020; 16:1301-1319. [PMID: 32421354 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer, as the most prevalent endocrine malignancy, comprises nearly 1% of all cancers in the world. The metastatic propagation of thyroid cancer is under the control of a number of modulating processes and factors such as signaling pathways and their components, cell division regulators, metabolic reprogramming factors, extracellular matrix remodelers, epithelial to mesenchymal transition modulators, epigenetic mechanisms, hypoxia and cytokines. Identifying the exact molecular mechanisms of these dysregulated processes could help to discover the key targets for therapeutic purposes and utilizing them as diagnostic, prognostic and predictors of the clinical course of patients. In this review article, we describe different aspects of thyroid cancer metastasis by focusing on defective genes and pathways involved in its metastatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Rajabi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heewa Shakib
- Cellular & Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Romina Dastmalchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsoon Danesh-Afrooz
- Cellular & Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Karima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular & Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Dong Y, Li Y, Zhang C, Chen H, Liu L, Chen S. Effects of SW033291 on the myogenesis of muscle-derived stem cells and muscle regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:76. [PMID: 32085799 PMCID: PMC7035785 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The unmet medical needs in repairing large muscle defects promote the development of tissue regeneration strategy. The use of bioactive molecules in combination with biomaterial scaffold has become an area of great interest. SW033291, a small-molecule inhibitor targeting 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PDGH) and subsequently elevating the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), has been proved to accelerate the recovery and potentiate the regeneration of multiple tissues including the bone, liver, and colon. The limited understanding of the potential therapeutic effects on myogenesis motivated us to investigate the role of SW033291 in regulating muscle-derived stem cell (MDSC) myogenic differentiation and MDSC-mediated muscle regeneration. Methods The characteristics of rat MDSCs, including cell-specific markers and myogenic differentiation potential, were determined. MDSCs were incubated with SW033291 to evaluate PGE2 production and cytotoxicity. The effects of SW033291 on MDSC myogenic differentiation were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot, and immunocytochemistry. The fibrin gel containing MDSCs and SW033291 was used for muscle regeneration in a tibialis anterior muscle defect model. Results Our data demonstrated that MDSCs were well-tolerated to SW033291 and treatment with SW033291 significantly promoted the production of PGE2 by MDSCs. In vitro analysis showed that SW033291 enhanced the myogenic differentiation and myotube formation by upregulating a series of myogenic markers. Additionally, the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway was involved in the mechanism underlying these promotive effects. Then, in situ casting of fibrin gel containing MDSCs and SW033291 was used to repair the tibialis anterior muscle defect; the addition of SW033291 significantly promoted myofiber formation within the defect region with mild immune response, less fibrosis, and sufficient vascularization. Conclusion SW033291 acted as a positive regulator of MDSC myogenic differentiation, and incorporating the compound with MDSCs in fibrin gel could serve as an effective method to repair large skeletal muscle defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiang Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijia Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Simeng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Li JY, Ren KK, Zhang WJ, Xiao L, Wu HY, Liu QY, Ding T, Zhang XC, Nie WJ, Ke Y, Deng KY, Liu QW, Xin HB. Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and their paracrine factors promote wound healing by inhibiting heat stress-induced skin cell apoptosis and enhancing their proliferation through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:247. [PMID: 31399039 PMCID: PMC6688220 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence has shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) yield a favorable therapeutic benefit for thermal burn skin wounds. Human amniotic MSCs (hAMSCs) derived from amniotic membrane have multilineage differentiation, immunosuppressive, and anti-inflammatory potential which makes them suitable for treating skin wounds. However, the exact effects of hAMSCs on the healing of thermal burn skin wounds and their potential mechanisms are not explored. Methods hAMSCs were isolated from amniotic membrane and characterized by RT-PCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and tumorigenicity test. We assessed the effects of hAMSCs and hAMSC conditional medium (CM) on wound healing in a deep second-degree burn injury model of mice. We then investigated the biological effects of hAMSCs and hAMSC-CM on the apoptosis and proliferation of heat stress-injured human keratinocytes HaCAT and dermal fibroblasts (DFL) both in vivo and in vitro. Next, we explored the underlying mechanisms by assessing PI3K/AKT and GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathways in heat injured HaCAT and DFL cells after hAMSCs and hAMSC-CM treatments using PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and β-catenin inhibitor ICG001. Antibody array assay was used to identify the cytokines secreted by hAMSCs that may activate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Results Our results showed that hAMSCs expressed various markers of embryonic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells and have low immunogenicity and no tumorigenicity. hAMSC and hAMSC-CM transplantation significantly promoted thermal burn wound healing by accelerating re-epithelialization with increased expression of CK19 and PCNA in vivo. hAMSCs and hAMSC-CM markedly inhibited heat stress-induced apoptosis in HaCAT and DFL cells in vitro through activation of PI3K/AKT signaling and promoted their proliferation by activating GSK3β/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hAMSC-mediated activation of GSK3β/β-catenin signaling was dependent on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Antibody array assay showed that a panel of cytokines including PAI-1, C-GSF, periostin, and TIMP-1 delivered from hAMSCs may contribute to the improvement of the wound healing through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that hAMSCs and hAMSC-CM efficiently cure heat stress-induced skin injury by inhibiting apoptosis of skin cells and promoting their proliferation through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that hAMSCs and hAMSC-CM may provide an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of skin injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1366-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yuan Li
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China.,School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang-Kang Ren
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xiao
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-You Wu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Yu Liu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ding
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jia Nie
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ke
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Yu Deng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan-Wen Liu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Bo Xin
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China. .,School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Husari A, Steinberg T, Dieterle MP, Prucker O, Rühe J, Jung B, Tomakidi P. On the relationship of YAP and FAK in hMSCs and osteosarcoma cells: Discrimination of FAK modulation by nuclear YAP depletion or YAP silencing. Cell Signal 2019; 63:109382. [PMID: 31376525 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The HIPPO pathway effector YAP has been shown to be regulated by FAK-signaling. However, the existence of an inverse relationship between YAP and FAK is unknown. Here we demonstrate in hMSCs and in the human osteosarcoma derived cell line Saos that Verteporfin- or RNAi-dependent YAP depletion has opposing influence on FAK. While Verteporfin strikingly reduced cellular FAK protein and phosphorylation, RNAi led to an increase of both molecules and point on a generalizable aspect of the YAP/FAK interrelationship. YAP depletion also caused down-regulation of osteogenic genes in hMSCs, irrespective from the YAP intervention mode. Verteporfin induced topological changes in conjunction with reduced protein levels of β1 integrin, paxillin, and zyxin of focal adhesions (FAs) in hMSCs, suggesting FAK-decrease-related alterations in FAs, which seems to be a FAK-dependent mechanism. On the cell behavioral level, YAP-FAK-interrelation involves proliferation and senescence, as indicated by proliferation inhibition and increase of β-Galactosidase-activity in hMSCs. Our findings, derived from this dual strategy of YAP intervention, reveal a YAP-FAK relationship in conjunction with molecular and cell behavioral consequences. Moreover, they deepen the current scientific knowledge on YAP from a different scientific point of view, since this inverse YAP/FAK-relationship seems to be transferrable to other cell types, including cell entities with pathological background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Husari
- Department of Orthodontics, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 101, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Philipp Dieterle
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Oswald Prucker
- IMTEK-Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 101, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Rühe
- IMTEK-Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 101, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Britta Jung
- Department of Orthodontics, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Pascal Tomakidi
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
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18
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Meng FC, Lin JK. Liquiritigenin Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Proliferation, Invasion, and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Decreasing Expression of Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2. Oncol Res 2019; 27:139-146. [PMID: 29471888 PMCID: PMC7848391 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15185747911701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of tumor metastasis is one of the most important purposes in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. This study aimed to explore the effects of liquiritigenin, a flavonoid extracted from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, on HCT116 cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We found that liquiritigenin significantly inhibited HCT116 cell proliferation, invasion, and the EMT process, but had no influence on cell apoptosis. Moreover, liquiritigenin remarkably reduced the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in HCT116 cells. Overexpression of Runx2 obviously reversed the liquiritigenin-induced invasion and EMT inhibition. Furthermore, liquiritigenin inactivated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway in HCT116 cells. Upregulation of Runx2 reversed the liquiritigenin-induced PI3K/AKT pathway inactivation. In conclusion, our research verified that liquiritigenin exerted significant inhibitory effects on CRC invasion and EMT process by downregulating the expression of Runx2 and inactivating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Liquiritigenin could be an effective therapeutic and preventative medicine for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Chun Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Kai Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, P.R. China
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19
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Hosseini N, Khoshnazar A, Saidijam M, Azizi Jalilian F, Najafi R, Mahdavinezhad A, Ezati R, Sotanian A, Amini R. Zerumbone Suppresses Human Colorectal Cancer Invasion and Metastasis via Modulation of FAk/PI3k/NFκB-uPA Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:159-171. [PMID: 30650987 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1540719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The current study explored the basic molecular mechanisms of zerumbone (ZER), an herbal compound, in inhibiting the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in vitro. Two types of CRC cells, namely HCT-116 and SW48, were treated with various concentrations of ZER (8, 16, and 24 µM) for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. In vitro assays were performed to determine alterations in proliferation ability, mRNA expression and protein levels, and migration and invasion potential of CRC cells. An SYBR Green-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized to detect the gene expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) followed by the evaluation of the level of proteins by western blotting. Migration and invasion potentials of HCT-116 and SW48 cells treated by ZER were examined using migration and invasion assay kits, respectively. We compared the results of all experiments with control groups, including FAK inhibitor, ZER + FAK inhibitor-treated cells, NF-β inhibitor, ZER + NF-β inhibitor, and untreated cells. The data in the present study suggest that ZER may exert its antimetastatic effects through inhibition of FAk/PI3k/NF-κB-uPA signaling pathway, thereby possibly representing a novel class of FAK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Hosseini
- a Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Amineh Khoshnazar
- a Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- a Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Farid Azizi Jalilian
- b Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- a Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Ali Mahdavinezhad
- a Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Razie Ezati
- c Institute of Medical Biotechnology , National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , Iran
| | - Alireza Sotanian
- d Modeling of Noncommunicable Disease Research Center , School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- a Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
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20
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Huang JM, Ren RY, Bao Y, Guo JC, Xiang W, Jing XZ, Shi J, Zhang GX, Li L, Tian Y, Kang H, Guo FJ. Ulinastatin Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Suppresses Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss by Downregulating uPAR. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1016. [PMID: 30245631 PMCID: PMC6137085 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that uPAR acts a crucial part in cell migration and the modulation of bone homeostasis. As a natural serine protease inhibitor, ulinastatin owns the capacity to reduce proinflammatory factors, downregulate the activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Osteoclastogenesis has been demonstrated to be related with low-grade inflammation which involves cell migration, thus we speculate that ulinastatin may have a certain kind of impact on uPAR so as to be a potential inhibiting agent of osteoclastogenesis. In this research, we investigated the role which ulinastatin plays in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Ulinastatin inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner in primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), and knockdown of uPAR could completely repress the formation of osteoclasts. At the molecular level, ulinastatin suppressed RANKL-induced activation of cathepsin K, TRAP, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and MAPKs, and decreased the expression of uPAR. At the meantime, ulinastatin also decreased the expression of osteoclast marker genes, including cathepsin K, TRAP, RANK, and NFATc1. Besides, ulinastatin prevented bone loss in ovariectomized C57 mice by inhibiting the formation of osteoclasts. To sum up, this research confirmed that ulinastatin has the ability to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and prevent bone loss, and uPAR plays a crucial role in that process. Therefore, ulinastatin could be chosen as an effective alternative therapeutics for osteoclast-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ming Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran-Yue Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Chao Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing-Zhi Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng-Jin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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21
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Cheng X, Yao X, Xu S, Pan J, Yu H, Bao J, Guan H, Lu R, Zhang L. Punicalagin induces senescent growth arrest in human papillary thyroid carcinoma BCPAP cells via NF-κB signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:490-498. [PMID: 29677534 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine carcinoma. Our previous study revealed that punicalagin (PUN), an active component from pomegranate, triggered autophagic cell death and DNA damage response (DDR) in papillary thyroid carcinoma BCPAP cells. But the detailed anti-cancer mechanisms of punicalagin against PTC still remained to be further explored. DDR activation is a proven cause of cellular senescence, which mediates anti-tumor processes under certain circumstances. In this study, we reported that punicalagin treatment generated a senescent phenotype of BCPAP cells characterized as altered morphology, increased cell granularity and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining. Senescence induced by punicalagin treatment was further confirmed by cell cycle arrest and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Meanwhile, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) included high levels of inflammatory cytokines, principally IL-6 and IL-1β. Furthermore, punicalagin exposure caused the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of IκBα as well as the nuclear translocation of p65, suggesting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Inhibition of NF-κB by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a selective inhibitor of NF-κB, partially reversed the cellular senescent phenotype induced by punicalagin in BCPAP cells as evidenced by the decreased fraction of SA-β-Gal staining positive cells and blockage of SASP generation. These results collectively showed that punicalagin treatment induced senescent growth arrest and SASP via triggering NF-κB activation. These observations elucidated novel anti-cancer mechanisms of punicalagin and might provide new potential prospects for PTC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Yao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shichen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huixin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiandong Bao
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Department of Endocrinology, JiangYuan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine. Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism and Institute of Endocrinology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Rongrong Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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22
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Du WW, Yang W, Chen Y, Wu ZK, Foster FS, Yang Z, Li X, Yang BB. Foxo3 circular RNA promotes cardiac senescence by modulating multiple factors associated with stress and senescence responses. Eur Heart J 2018; 38:1402-1412. [PMID: 26873092 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Circular RNAs are a subclass of non-coding RNAs detected within mammalian cells. This study was designed to test the roles of a circular RNA circ-Foxo3 in senescence using in vitro and in vivo approaches. Methods and results Using the approaches of molecular and cellular biology, we show that a circular RNA generated from a member of the forkhead family of transcription factors, Foxo3, namely circ-Foxo3, was highly expressed in heart samples of aged patients and mice, which was correlated with markers of cellular senescence. Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy was aggravated by ectopic expression of circ-Foxo3 but was relieved by silencing endogenous circ-Foxo3. We also found that silencing circ-Foxo3 inhibited senescence of mouse embryonic fibroblasts and that ectopic expression of circ-Foxo3 induced senescence. We found that circ-Foxo3 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm, where it interacted with the anti-senescent protein ID-1 and the transcription factor E2F1, as well as the anti-stress proteins FAK and HIF1α. Conclusion We conclude that ID-1, E2F1, FAK, and HIF1α interact with circ-Foxo3 and are retained in the cytoplasm and could no longer exert their anti-senescent and anti-stress roles, resulting in increased cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Du
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, S-Wing Research Building, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Weining Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yu Chen
- 2nd Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Kai Wu
- 2nd Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital, Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhenguo Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, S-Wing Research Building, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Xiangmin Li
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, S-Wing Research Building, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China (The Ministry-Province Joint Development), Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Burton B Yang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, S-Wing Research Building, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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23
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Sandoval-Bórquez A, Polakovicova I, Carrasco-Véliz N, Lobos-González L, Riquelme I, Carrasco-Avino G, Bizama C, Norero E, Owen GI, Roa JC, Corvalán AH. MicroRNA-335-5p is a potential suppressor of metastasis and invasion in gastric cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:114. [PMID: 29075357 PMCID: PMC5645854 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple aberrant microRNA expression has been reported in gastric cancer. Among them, microRNA-335-5p (miR-335), a microRNA regulated by DNA methylation, has been reported to possess both tumor suppressor and tumor promoter activities. Results Herein, we show that miR-335 levels are reduced in gastric cancer and significantly associate with lymph node metastasis, depth of tumor invasion, and ultimately poor patient survival in a cohort of Amerindian/Hispanic patients. In two gastric cancer cell lines AGS and, Hs 746T the exogenous miR-335 decreases migration, invasion, viability, and anchorage-independent cell growth capacities. Performing a PCR array on cells transfected with miR-335, 19 (30.6%) out of 62 genes involved in metastasis and tumor invasion showed decreased transcription levels. Network enrichment analysis narrowed these genes to nine (PLAUR, CDH11, COL4A2, CTGF, CTSK, MMP7, PDGFA, TIMP1, and TIMP2). Elevated levels of PLAUR, a validated target gene, and CDH11 were confirmed in tumors with low expression of miR-335. The 3′UTR of CDH11 was identified to be directly targeted by miR-335. Downregulation of miR-335 was also demonstrated in plasma samples from gastric cancer patients and inversely correlated with DNA methylation of promoter region (Z = 1.96, p = 0.029). DNA methylation, evaluated by methylation-specific PCR assay, was found in plasma from 23 (56.1%) out of 41 gastric cancer patients but in only 9 (30%) out of 30 healthy donors (p = 0.029, Pearson’s correlation). Taken in consideration, our results of the association with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis together with functional assays on cell migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity are in accordance with the downregulation of miR-335 in gastric cancer. Conclusions Comprehensive evaluation of metastasis and invasion pathway identified a subset of associated genes and confirmed PLAUR and CDH11, both targets of miR-335, to be overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues. DNA methylation of miR-335 may be a promissory strategy for non-invasive approach to gastric cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-017-0413-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Sandoval-Bórquez
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, BIOREN-CEGIN, and Graduate Program in Applied Cell and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Center UC for Investigational in Oncology (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iva Polakovicova
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center UC for Investigational in Oncology (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Carrasco-Véliz
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center UC for Investigational in Oncology (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Química, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Lorena Lobos-González
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Fundación Ciencia y Vida, Parque Biotecnológico, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ismael Riquelme
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, BIOREN-CEGIN, and Graduate Program in Applied Cell and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Carrasco-Avino
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Bizama
- Center UC for Investigational in Oncology (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Norero
- Esophagogastric Surgery Unit, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile.,Digestive Surgery Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gareth I Owen
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center UC for Investigational in Oncology (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan C Roa
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, BIOREN-CEGIN, and Graduate Program in Applied Cell and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Center UC for Investigational in Oncology (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro H Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center UC for Investigational in Oncology (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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24
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Laurenzana A, Chillà A, Luciani C, Peppicelli S, Biagioni A, Bianchini F, Tenedini E, Torre E, Mocali A, Calorini L, Margheri F, Fibbi G, Del Rosso M. uPA/uPAR system activation drives a glycolytic phenotype in melanoma cells. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1190-1200. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Laurenzana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Anastasia Chillà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Cristina Luciani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Silvia Peppicelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Elena Tenedini
- Center for Genome Research, Life Sciences Department; University of Modena; Modena 41125 Italy
| | - Eugenio Torre
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Alessandra Mocali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Francesca Margheri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Gabriella Fibbi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
| | - Mario Del Rosso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology; University of Florence; Florence 50134 Italy
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25
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Kong DB, Chen F, Sima N. Focal adhesion kinases crucially regulate TGFβ-induced migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells via Src kinase and E-cadherin. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:1783-1792. [PMID: 28367061 PMCID: PMC5370070 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s122463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that is triggered off by special extracellular signals such as some growth factors and integrins. FAK is found in cell-matrix attachment sites and implicated in cell migration, invasion, movement, gene expression, survival and apoptosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether FAK plays a role in invasion and migration of bladder cancer cells. Using an FAK-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) and an FAK inhibitor PF-228, we found that inhibition of FAK tyrosine phosphorylation or knockdown of FAK suppressed invasion and migration of bladder cancer cells. Src is an important mediator of FAK-regulated migratory and invasive activity. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Src and FAK is mutually dependent and plays a key role in transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-induced invasion and migration. E-cadherin acts downstream of FAK and is a critical negative regulator in FAK-regulated invasion and migration of bladder cancer cells. These findings imply that FAK is involved in oncogenic signaling of invasion and migration, which can be a novel therapeutic target to treat patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Bo Kong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Jiujiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi
| | - Ni Sima
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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26
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uPAR promotes tumor-like biologic behaviors of fibroblast-like synoviocytes through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Mol Immunol 2017; 15:171-181. [PMID: 28090093 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), is a multifunctional receptor on cell surface, widely present in endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and a variety of malignant cells. Current studies have suggested that uPAR overexpressed on synovial tissues or in synovial fluid or plasma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, there are limited researches regarding the role of uPAR on fibroblast-like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA-FLSs) and its underlying mechanisms. Here, our studies show that the expression of uPAR protein was significantly higher in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from RA than those from osteoarthritis or traumatic injury patients. uPAR gene silencing significantly inhibited RA-FLSs cell proliferation, restrained cell transformation from the G0/G1 phase to S phase, aggravated cell apoptosis, interfered with RA-FLSs cell migration and invasion, and reduced activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which may be associated with β1-integrin. Cell supernatants from uPAR gene-silenced RA-FLSs markedly inhibited the migration and tubule formation ability of the HUVECs (a human endothelial cell line). Therefore, we demonstrate that uPAR changes the biological characteristics of RA-FLSs, and affects neoangiogenesis of synovial tissues in patients with RA. All of these may be associated with the β1-integrin/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. These results imply that targeting uPAR and its downstream signal pathway may provide therapeutic effects in RA.
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27
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Wang S, Jiang L, Han Y, Chew SH, Ohara Y, Akatsuka S, Weng L, Kawaguchi K, Fukui T, Sekido Y, Yokoi K, Toyokuni S. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor promotes proliferation and invasion with reduced cisplatin sensitivity in malignant mesothelioma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:69565-69578. [PMID: 27602956 PMCID: PMC5342498 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare neoplasm associated with asbestos exposure. The prognosis of MM is poor because it is aggressive and highly resistant to chemotherapy. Using a rat model of asbestos-induced MM, we found elevated urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR; Plaur) expression in rat tissues, which was associated with poor prognosis. The proliferation, migration and invasion of MM cells were suppressed by uPAR knockdown and increased by overexpression experiments, irrespective of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA; Plau) levels. More importantly, we found that uPAR expression is associated with sensitivity to cisplatin in MM through the PI3K/AKT pathway, which was demonstrated with specific inhibitors, LY294002 and Akti-1/2. uPAR knockdown significantly increased sensitivity to cisplatin whereas its overexpression significantly decreased cisplatin sensitivity. Furthermore, sera and tissues from MM patients showed significantly high uPAR levels, which suggested the pathogenic role of uPAR in the tumor biology of human MM. In conclusion, our findings indicate that uPAR levels are associated with malignant characteristics and cisplatin sensitivity of MM. In addition to the potential use of uPAR as a prognostic marker, the combination of uPAR abrogation and cisplatin may reveal a promising therapeutic approach for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenqi Wang
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Yipeng Han
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Shan Hwu Chew
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Yuuki Ohara
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Shinya Akatsuka
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Liang Weng
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Koji Kawaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sekido
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, 464–8681, Japan
| | - Kohei Yokoi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466–8550, Japan
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Ding Y, Zhang H, Lu A, Zhou Z, Zhong M, Shen D, Wang X, Zhu Z. Effect of urokinase-type plasminogen activator system in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:4208-4216. [PMID: 27313768 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis is a primary cause of mortality in patients with gastric cancer. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) has been demonstrated to be associated with tumor cell metastasis through the degradation of the extracellular matrix. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of the uPA system in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. Expression of uPA, uPA receptor (uPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in four gastric cell lines (AGS, SGC7901, MKN45 and MKN28) was measured by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. uPA activity was detected using a uPA activity kit. Peritoneal implantation models of rats were established by injecting four gastric cancer cell lines for the selection of the cancer cells with a high planting potential. Biological behaviors, including adhesion, migration and invasion, were determined using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Expression of the uPA system was observed to be highest in the SGC7901 cells among the four gastric cell lines. uPA activity was observed to be highest in the MKN45 cells and lowest in the AGS cells. Furthermore, peritoneal implantation analysis demonstrated that no peritoneal tumors were identified in the AGS cells, whilst the tumor masses observed in the SGC7901 and MKN45 cells were of different sizes. The survival times of the rats injected with the MKN28 and SGC7901 cells were longer than those of the rats injected with the MKN45 cells. Antibodies for uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 in the uPA system had the ability to inhibit the adhesion, migration and invasion of peritoneal metastasis in the gastric cancer cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that the uPA system was positively associated with peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcheng Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Aiguo Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Zhuqing Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Mingan Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Dongwei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xujing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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Zhao LP, Xu TM, Kan MJ, Xiao YC, Cui MH. A novel uPAg-KPI fusion protein inhibits the growth and invasion of human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1310-6. [PMID: 27035617 PMCID: PMC4829131 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) acts by breaking down the basement membrane and is involved in cell proliferation, migration and invasion. These actions are mediated by binding to the uPA receptor (uPAR) via its growth factor domain (GFD). The present study evaluated the effects of uPAg-KPI, a fusion protein of uPA-GFD and a kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain that is present in the amyloid β-protein precursor. Using SKOV-3 cells, an ovarian cancer cell line, we examined cell viability, migration, invasion and also protein expression. Furthermore, we examined wound healing, and migration and invasion using a Transwell assay. Our data showed that uPAg-KPI treatment reduced the viability of ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells in both a concentration and time-dependent manner by arresting tumor cells at G1/G0 phase of the cell cycle. The IC50 of uPAg-KPI was 0.5 µg/µl after 48 h treatment. At this concentration, uPAg-KPI also inhibited tumor cell colony formation, wound closure, as well as cell migration and invasion capacity. At the protein level, western blot analysis demonstrated that uPAg-KPI exerted no significant effect on the expression of total extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 and AKT, whereas it suppressed levels of phosphorylated ERK1/ERK2 and AKT. Thus, we suggest that this novel uPAg-KPI fusion protein reduced cell viability, colony formation, wound healing and the invasive ability of human ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells in vitro by regulating ERK and AKT signaling. Further studies using other cell lines will confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Min Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Mu-Jie Kan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ye-Chen Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Man-Hua Cui
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
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Tanaka K, Kawano M, Itonaga I, Iwasaki T, Miyazaki M, Ikeda S, Tsumura H. Tumor suppressive microRNA-138 inhibits metastatic potential via the targeting of focal adhesion kinase in Ewing's sarcoma cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1135-44. [PMID: 26782922 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Short non-coding RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs), regulate cell biology by affecting the expression of target genes. However, we know little about the miRNAs regulating the growth and progression of Ewing's sarcoma (ES). To identify possible oncogenic factors in ES, we used a microarray-based approach to profile the changes in the expression of miRNAs and the downstream mRNAs in five ES cell lines. One miRNA, miR‑138, was significantly downregulated, whereas the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was significantly upregulated in all tested ES cells. When miR‑138 was transfected into ES cell lines, the expression of FAK in these cells was greatly suppressed and inhibited the proliferation and mobility of ES cells. Overexpression of miR‑138 in vitro resulted in further inhibition of the cell cycle at the G1 phase and in the induction of anoikis, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, miR‑138 overexpression in ES cells significantly suppressed the number of distant metastases in vivo. The data in the present study demonstrates for the first time a novel mechanism that regulates the expression of FAK via miR‑138 in ES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Masanori Kawano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Ichiro Itonaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ikeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsumura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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Kittas A, Delobelle A, Schmitt S, Breuhahn K, Guziolowski C, Grabe N. Directed random walks and constraint programming reveal active pathways in hepatocyte growth factor signaling. FEBS J 2015; 283:350-60. [PMID: 26518250 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An effective means to analyze mRNA expression data is to take advantage of established knowledge from pathway databases, using methods such as pathway-enrichment analyses. However, pathway databases are not case-specific and expression data could be used to infer gene-regulation patterns in the context of specific pathways. In addition, canonical pathways may not always describe the signaling mechanisms properly, because interactions can frequently occur between genes in different pathways. Relatively few methods have been proposed to date for generating and analyzing such networks, preserving the causality between gene interactions and reasoning over the qualitative logic of regulatory effects. We present an algorithm (MCWalk) integrated with a logic programming approach, to discover subgraphs in large-scale signaling networks by random walks in a fully automated pipeline. As an exemplary application, we uncover the signal transduction mechanisms in a gene interaction network describing hepatocyte growth factor-stimulated cell migration and proliferation from gene-expression measured with microarray and RT-qPCR using in-house perturbation experiments in a keratinocyte-fibroblast co-culture. The resulting subgraphs illustrate possible associations of hepatocyte growth factor receptor c-Met nodes, differentially expressed genes and cellular states. Using perturbation experiments and Answer Set programming, we are able to select those which are more consistent with the experimental data. We discover key regulator nodes by measuring the frequency with which they are traversed when connecting signaling between receptors and significantly regulated genes and predict their expression-shift consistently with the measured data. The Java implementation of MCWalk is publicly available under the MIT license at: https://bitbucket.org/akittas/biosubg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristotelis Kittas
- Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | | | - Sabrina Schmitt
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Breuhahn
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Niels Grabe
- Department of Medical Oncology, NCT, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
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32
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HPIP promotes thyroid cancer cell growth, migration and EMT through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 75:33-9. [PMID: 26463629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic pre-B cell leukemia transcription factor (PBX)-interacting protein (HPIP), a co-repressor for the transcription factor PBX, is a nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling protein. Increasing evidence suggests that HPIP is an oncogene which is frequently overexpressed in many human carcinomas. However, the role of HPIP in thyroid carcinoma is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the role of HPIP in thyroid carcinoma, and explored the underling mechanism. We found that the expression of HPIP is upregulated in thyroid carcinoma cell lines. Knockdown of HPIP inhibits thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation, migration/invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). HPIP knockdown also reduces thyroid tumor growth in nude mice. Furthermore, knockdown of HPIP significantly inhibits the expression of phosphorylated PI3K and AKT in thyroid carcinoma cells. Taken together, these results suggest that knockdown of HPIP inhibits the proliferation, migration and EMT by suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway, and HPIP may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of thyroid carcinoma.
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33
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Longo A, Librizzi M, Chuckowree IS, Baltus CB, Spencer J, Luparello C. Cytotoxicity of the Urokinase-Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Carbamimidothioic Acid (4-Boronophenyl) Methyl Ester Hydrobromide (BC-11) on Triple-Negative MDA-MB231 Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2015; 20:9879-89. [PMID: 26029857 PMCID: PMC6272237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20069879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BC-11 is an easily synthesized simple thiouronium-substituted phenylboronic acid, which has been shown to be cytotoxic on triple negative MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells by inducing a perturbation of cell cycle when administered at a concentration equal to its ED50 at 72 h (117 μM). Exposure of cells to BC-11, either pre-absorbed with a soluble preparation of the N-terminal fragment of urokinase-plasminogen activator (uPa), or in co-treatment with two different EGFR inhibitors, indicated that: (i) BC-11 acts via binding to the N-terminus of the enzyme where uPa- and EGF receptor-recognizing sites are present, thereby abrogating the growth-sustaining effect resulting from receptor binding; and (ii) the co-presence of the EGFR inhibitor PD153035 potentiates BC-11’s cytotoxicity. Exposure of cells to a higher concentration of BC-11 corresponding to its ED75 at 72 h (250 μM) caused additional impairment of mitochondrial activity, the production of reactive oxygen species and promotion of apoptosis. Therefore, BC-11 treatment appears to show potential for the development of this class of compounds in the prevention and/or therapy of “aggressive” breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Longo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Edificio 16, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Librizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Edificio 16, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Irina S Chuckowree
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK.
- School of Science at Medway, University of Greenwich, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Christine B Baltus
- School of Science at Medway, University of Greenwich, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - John Spencer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK.
- School of Science at Medway, University of Greenwich, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Claudio Luparello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Edificio 16, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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34
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Liu X, Lan Y, Zhang D, Wang K, Wang Y, Hua ZC. SPRY1 promotes the degradation of uPAR and inhibits uPAR-mediated cell adhesion and proliferation. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:683-97. [PMID: 25520860 PMCID: PMC4266704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is a GPI anchored cell surface protein that is closely associated with invasion, migration, and metastasis of cancer cells. Many functional extracellular proteins and transmembrane receptors interact with uPAR. However, few studies have examined the association of uPAR with cytoplasm proteins. We previously used yeast two-hybrid screening to isolate several novel uPAR-interacting cytoplasmic proteins, including Sprouty1 (SPRY1), an inhibitor of the (Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase) MAPK pathway. In this study, we show that SPRY1 interacts with uPAR and directs it toward lysosomal-mediated degradation. Overexpression of SPRY1 decreased the cell surface and cytoplasmic uPAR protein level. Moreover, SPRY1 overexpression augmented uPAR-induced cell adhesion to vitronectin as well as proliferation of cancer cells. Our results also further support the critical role of SPRY1 contribution to tumor growth. In a subcutaneous tumor model, overexpression of SPRY1 in HCT116 or A549 xenograft in athymic nude mice led to great suppression of tumor growth. These results show that SPRY1 may affect tumor cell function through direct interaction with uPAR and promote its lysosomal degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing University22 Han Kou Road, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yan Lan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing University22 Han Kou Road, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing University22 Han Kou Road, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing University22 Han Kou Road, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing University22 Han Kou Road, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Division of Critical Care and Surgery, St. George Hospital, University of New South WalesSydney, NSW2217, Australia
| | - Zi-Chun Hua
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing University22 Han Kou Road, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University and Jiangsu TargetPharma Laboratories Inc.Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
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35
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Shi QQ, Xiang JQ, Chen L, Zhan LL, Lv XP. uPA/PAI system, cathepsin B and hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:3941-3946. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i26.3941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor (uPA/PAI) are a pair of proteolytic enzyme activator/activator inhibitor. Cathepsin B is a lysosomal cysteine protease. It has been proved that cathepsin B can activate uPA. uPA/PAI and cathepsin B are closely related to the invasion, migration and tumor angiogenesis of malignant neoplasms. The uPA/PAI system and cathepsin B play an important role in the occurrence and development of liver cancer.
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36
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Tong B, Wan B, Wei Z, Wang T, Zhao P, Dou Y, Lv Z, Xia Y, Dai Y. Role of cathepsin B in regulating migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes into inflamed tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:586-97. [PMID: 24749816 PMCID: PMC4137842 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin B (CB), an important proteinase that participates in joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), exhibits higher expression in fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) of abnormal proliferative synovial tissues. Whether and how it affects the biological behaviours of RA-FLS, such as migration and invasion, are poorly understood. In the present study, CB expression in synovial tissues of patients with RA and ostearthritis (OA) were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. Stable depletion of endogenous CB was achieved by small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection, and decrease of CB activity was acquired by using its specific inhibitor (CA074Me). The effects of CA074Me and RNA interference (RNAi) treatments on proliferation, migration, invasion, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9 expression, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) phosphorylation of FLS were analysed. In RA synovial tissues, CB was expressed at elevated levels compared with OA synovial tissues. CA074Me could inhibit invasion of FLS obtained from RA patients in an ex-vivo invasion model. CA074Me and siRNA treatments suppressed the migration and invasion of FLS, reduced the activity, expression and mRNA level of MMP-2, restrained the activation of FAK and reduced the expression of F-actin. Moreover, CA074Me decreased the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in FLS, while siCB treatment reduced the phosphorylation of P38 but not JNK. CB substantially contributes to the invasive phenotype of FLS that leads to joint destruction in RA. This proteinase may show promise as a therapeutic target in inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tong
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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37
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Su Y, Guan XQ, Liu FQ, Wang YL. The effects of MIBG on the invasive properties of HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:842-8. [PMID: 24970008 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) on the invasive properties of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and examine whether these effects are due to the ability of MIBG to inhibit arginine-specific mono-ADP-ribosylation. Samples from patients with HCC were divided into 2 groups, a metastatic group and a non-metastatic group. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of arginine-specific adenosine diphosphate-ribosyltransferase 1 (ART1) and integrin α7 in the HCC tissues. In addition, the expression of ART1 was measured in HepG2 HCC cells by immunofluorescence. The inhibition of the metastasis of HepG2 cells by MIBG at various concentrations was measured by MTT assay. In addition, the effects of MIBG on HepG2 cell metastasis were measured using a scratch wound assay and a transwell invasion assay. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of ART1, integrin α7, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in the HepG2 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of ART1 and integrin α7 were higher in the metastatic HCC samples than in the non-metastatic HCC samples. ART1 expression was detected in the HepG2 cells. The half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) of MIBG in the HepG2 cells was 200 µmol/l (P<0.05). Within a certain dose range, MIBG exerted inhibitory effects on HepG2 cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with MIBG significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of the HepG2 cells relative to the control cells (P<0.05) and reduced the protein expression of ART1, integrin α7, FAK, PI3K and uPA (P<0.05). Our data demonstrate that ART1 and integrin α7 may be involved in the invasive and metastatic properties of HCC cells. MIBG inhibited the migration and invasion of HepG2 cells, possibly through the inhibition of arginine-specific single-adenosine diphosphate ribosylation and the suppression of the protein expression of integrin α7β1, FAK and PI3K and the secretion of uPA, leading to reduced invasion by HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Su
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qin Guan
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Qiu Liu
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Lan Wang
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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38
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An update on molecular biology of thyroid cancers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014; 90:233-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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39
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Baldini E, Sorrenti S, Tuccilli C, Prinzi N, Coccaro C, Catania A, Filippini A, Bononi M, De Antoni E, D'Armiento M, Ulisse S. Emerging molecular markers for the prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer patients. Int J Surg 2014; 12 Suppl 1:S52-6. [PMID: 24862669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial thyroid cancers are represented by the differentiated papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas which, following dedifferentiation, are thought to give rise to the highly aggressive and incurable anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Although derived from the same cell type, the different thyroid tumors show specific histological features, biological behavior and degree of differentiation as a consequence of different genetic alterations. Over the last few years, our knowledge regarding the molecular alterations underlying thyroid cell malignant transformation and cancer progression has considerably increased; however, the prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer patients still relies on high-risk clinic-pathological variables. In particular, the actual staging systems provides only a rough prediction for cancer mortality and risk of recurrences, including in each risk group patients with highly different tumor-specific progression, disease-free interval and survival time. In order to improve DTC patient's risk stratification, both the European and the American Thyroid Associations proposed practical guidelines to integrate the actual staging systems with additional clinical features such as the tumor histological variant, the results of post-ablative whole body scan and the serum thyroglobulin levels. Despite that, patients within the same risk group still show a very heterogeneous behavior in terms of disease-free interval. As a consequence, the identification of new prognostic molecular biomarkers able to testify tumor aggressiveness is highly required. Here we'll review recently characterized new molecular markers potentially able to ameliorate the prognosis in DTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enke Baldini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Tuccilli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Natalie Prinzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Coccaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Catania
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Filippini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Bononi
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico De Antoni
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Massimino D'Armiento
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Knockdown of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibits the migration and invasion of human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes by down-regulating the PI3K/AKT activation and MMP-2/9 production in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:5157-65. [PMID: 24816639 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) on the migration, invasion, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). RA-FLS were transfected control siRNA or SPHK1 siRNA. The migration and invasion of unmanipulated control, control siRNA or SPHK1 siRNA- transfected RA-FLS in vitro were measured by the transwell system. The relative levels of SPHK1, PI3K, and AKT as well as AKT phosphorylation in RA-FLS were determined by Western blot. The levels of MMP-2/9 secreted by RA-FLS were detected by ELISA. Knockdown of SPHK1 significantly inhibited the spontaneous migration and invasion of RA-FLS, accompanied by significantly reduced levels of PI3K expression and AKT phosphorylation. Similarly, treatment with LY294002, an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibited the migration and invasion of RA-FLS. Knockdown of SPHK1 and treatment with the inhibitor synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of RA-FLS, by further reducing the levels of PI3K expression and AKT phosphorylation. In addition, knockdown of SPHK1 or treatment with LY294002 inhibited the secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and both synergistically reduced the production of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in RA-FLS in vitro. Knockdown of SPHK1 expression inhibits the PI3K/AKT activation, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, and human RA-FLS migration and invasion in vitro. Potentially, SPHK1 may be a novel therapeutic target for RA.
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Shang RZ, Dai B, Wang DS. Role of uPA/uPAR system in tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:1235-1240. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i9.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA) is a major activator of plasminogen, and uPA receptor is the specific receptor of uPA. The uPA/uPAR system regulates plasminogen activity, which participates in degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and is involved in many pathophysiological processes. In neoplasms, the activation of plasminogen into plasmin caused by the uPA/uPAR system induces the degradation of components in the basement membrane as well as in the ECM, which provides a favorable microenvironment for tumor invasion and metastasis. In addition, the uPA/uPAR system regulates tumor proliferation and angiogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the role of the uPA/uPAR system in tumors and its potential clinical implications.
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Malla RR, Gopinath S, Alapati K, Gorantla B, Gondi CS, Rao JS. Knockdown of cathepsin B and uPAR inhibits CD151 and α3β1 integrin-mediated cell adhesion and invasion in glioma. Mol Carcinog 2013; 52:777-90. [PMID: 22495828 PMCID: PMC3525767 DOI: 10.1002/mc.21915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is a highly complex brain tumor characterized by the dysregulation of proteins and genes that leads to tumor metastasis. Cathepsin B and uPAR are overexpressed in gliomas and they are postulated to play central roles in glioma metastasis. In this study, efficient downregulation of cathepsin B and uPAR by siRNA treatments significantly reduced glioma cell adhesion to laminin as compared to vitronectin, fibronectin, or collagen I in U251 and 4910 glioma cell lines. Brain glioma tissue array analysis showed high expression of CD151 in clinical samples when compared with normal brain tissue. Cathepsin B and uPAR siRNA treatment led to the downregulation of CD151 and laminin-binding integrins α3 and β1. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that downregulation of cathepsin B and uPAR decreased the interaction of CD151 with uPAR cathepsin B, and α3β1 integrin. Studies on the downstream signaling cascade of uPAR/CD151/α3β1 integrin have shown that phosphorylation of FAK, SRC, paxillin, and expression of adaptor cytoskeletal proteins talin and vinculin were reduced with knockdown of cathepsin B, uPAR, and CD151. Treatment with the bicistronic construct reduced interactions between uPAR and CD151 as well as lowering α3β1 integrin, talin, and vinculin expression levels in pre-established glioma tumors of nude mice. In conclusion, our results show that downregulation of cathepsin B and uPAR alone and in combination inhibit glioma cell adhesion by downregulating CD151 and its associated signaling molecules in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, the results of the present study show that targeting the uPAR-cathepsin B system has possible therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL, 61605, USA
| | - Sreelatha Gopinath
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL, 61605, USA
| | - Kiranmai Alapati
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL, 61605, USA
| | - Bharathi Gorantla
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL, 61605, USA
| | - Christopher S. Gondi
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL, 61605, USA
| | - Jasti S. Rao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL, 61605, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL, 61605, USA
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Hsu SC, Lin JH, Weng SW, Chueh FS, Yu CC, Lu KW, Wood WG, Chung JG. Crude extract of Rheum palmatum inhibits migration and invasion of U-2 OS human osteosarcoma cells by suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomed.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Xiao W. The role of uPAR in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in small airway epithelium of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2013; 14:67. [PMID: 23806081 PMCID: PMC3700841 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in small airway fibrosis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Increasing evidence suggests that the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is involved in the pathogenesis of COPD. Increased uPAR expression has been implicated in the promotion of EMT in numerous cancers; however the role of uPAR in EMT in small airway epithelial cells of patients with COPD remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the degree of EMT and uPAR expression in lung epithelium of COPD patients, and verified the effect of uPAR on cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced EMT in vitro. METHODS The expression of EMT biomarkers and uPAR was assessed in lung epithelium specimens from non-smokers (n = 25), smokers (n = 25) and non-smokers with COPD (n = 10) and smokers with COPD (n = 18). The role of uPAR on CSE-induced EMT in human small airway epithelial cells (HSAEpiCs) was assessed by silencing uPAR expression in vitro. RESULTS Markers of active EMT and uPAR expression were significantly increased in the small airway epithelium of patients with COPD compared with controls. We also observed a significant correlation between uPAR and vimentin expression in the small airway epithelium. In vitro, CSE-induced EMT in HSAEpiCs was associated with high expression of uPAR, and targeted silencing of uPAR using shRNA inhibited CSE-induced EMT. Finally, we demonstrate that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is required for uPAR-mediated EMT in HSAEpiCs. CONCLUSIONS A uPAR-dependent signaling pathway is required for CSE-induced EMT, which contributes to small airway fibrosis in COPD. We propose that increased uPAR expression in the small airway epithelium of patients with COPD participates in an active EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Hu Z, Xu R, Liu J, Zhang Y, Du J, Li W, Zhang W, Li Y, Zhu Y, Gu L. GEP100 regulates epidermal growth factor-induced MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell invasion through the activation of Arf6/ERK/uPAR signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:1932-1941. [PMID: 23747719 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
GEP100, a guanine nucleotide exchanging factor (GEF) for Arf6, plays a pivotal role in promoting breast cancer cell invasion both in vitro and in vivo. However, the precise mechanism for GEP100-mediated cell invasion is still poorly understood. In this study, we found that down-regulation of endogenous GEP100 in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly inhibited EGF-induced cell invasion, which was rescued by over-expression of ectopic GEP100. EGF increased Arf6 activity, ERK phosphorylation, and uPAR expression in a time dependent manner. Additionally, blocking Arf6 with Arf6 siRNA largely abolished EGF-induced cell invasion. GEP100 siRNA or Arf6 siRNA suppressed EGF-induced ERK activity and uPAR expression. Furthermore, blocking ERK signaling with U0126, a specific inhibitor for MEK, markedly inhibited EGF-induced uPAR expression and consequently cell invasion. Inhibition of uPAR expression by uPAR siRNA also significantly abolished EGF-induced cell invasion. Taken together, this study illustrates that GEP100 regulates an Arf6/ERK/uPAR signaling cascade in EGF-induced breast cancer cell invasion. These findings could provide a rationale for designing new therapies based on inhibition of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China
| | - Jiaojing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China
| | - Jun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China; Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China
| | - Weixing Li
- Medicine Technique School, Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, PR China
| | - Wanqiu Zhang
- Medicine Technique School, Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, PR China
| | - Yueying Li
- School of Medical Sciences and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Yichao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China; Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China.
| | - Luo Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China; Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, PR China.
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Abstract
Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine malignancy. There has been exciting progress in understanding its molecular pathogenesis in recent years, as best exemplified by the elucidation of the fundamental role of several major signalling pathways and related molecular derangements. Central to these mechanisms are the genetic and epigenetic alterations in these pathways, such as mutation, gene copy-number gain and aberrant gene methylation. Many of these molecular alterations represent novel diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers and therapeutic targets for thyroid cancer, which provide unprecedented opportunities for further research and clinical development of novel treatment strategies for this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhao Xing
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Thyroid Research, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
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Abstract
The characteristic features of senescent cells such as their "flattened" appearance, enlarged nuclei and low saturation density at the plateau phase of cell growth, can be conveniently measured by image-assisted cytometry such as provided by a laser scanning cytometer (LSC). The "flattening" of senescent cells is reflected by a decline in local density of DNA-associated staining with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and is paralleled by an increase in nuclear area. Thus, the ratio of the maximal intensity of DAPI fluorescence per nucleus to the nuclear area provides a very sensitive morphometric biomarker of "depth" of senescence, which progressively declines during senescence induction. Also recorded is cellular DNA content revealing cell cycle phase, as well as the saturation cell density at plateau phase of growth, which is dramatically decreased in cultures of senescent cells. Concurrent immunocytochemical analysis of expression of p21(WAF1), p16(INK4a), or p27(KIP1) cyclin kinase inhibitors provides additional markers of senescence. These biomarker indices can be expressed in quantitative terms ("senescence indices") as a fraction of the same markers of the exponentially growing cells in control cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Brander Cancer Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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Hodjat M, Haller H, Dumler I, Kiyan Y. Urokinase receptor mediates doxorubicin-induced vascular smooth muscle cell senescence via proteasomal degradation of TRF2. J Vasc Res 2012; 50:109-23. [PMID: 23172421 DOI: 10.1159/000343000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthracycline doxorubicin is a widely used effective anti-cancer drug. However, its application and dosage are severely limited due to its cardiotoxicity. The exact mechanisms of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxic side effects remain poorly understood. Even less is known about the impact of doxorubicin treatment on vascular damage. We found that low doses of doxorubicin induced a senescent response in human primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). We observed that expression of urokinase receptor (uPAR) was upregulated in response to doxorubicin. Furthermore, the level of uPAR expression played a decisive role in developing doxorubicin-induced senescence. uPAR silencing in human VSMC by means of RNA interference as well as uPAR knockout in mouse VSMC resulted in abrogation of doxorubicin-induced cellular senescence. On the contrary, uPAR overexpression promoted VSMC senescence. We further found that proteasomal degradation of telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) mediates doxorubicin-induced VSMC senescence. Our results demonstrate that uPAR controls the ubiquitin-proteasome system in VSMC and regulates doxorubicin-induced TRF2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation via this mechanism. Therefore, VSMC senescence induced by low doses of doxorubicin may contribute to vascular damage upon doxorubicin treatment. uPAR-mediated TRF2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation are further identified as a molecular mechanism underlying this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Hodjat
- Nephrology Department, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Li D, Wei P, Peng Z, Huang C, Tang H, Jia Z, Cui J, Le X, Huang S, Xie K. The critical role of dysregulated FOXM1-PLAUR signaling in human colon cancer progression and metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 19:62-72. [PMID: 23136192 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The mammalian Forkhead Box (Fox) transcription factor FOXM1 is implicated in tumorigenesis including mouse intestinal cancer. However, the clinical significance of FOXM1 signaling in human colorectal cancer pathogenesis remains unknown. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We investigated FOXM1 expression in 203 cases of primary colon cancer and matched normal colon tissue specimens and explored the underlying mechanisms of altered FOXM1 expression and the impact of this altered expression on colon cancer growth and metastasis using in vitro and animal models of colon cancer. RESULTS We found weak expression of FOXM1 protein in the colon mucosa, whereas we observed strong FOXM1 expression in tumor-cell nuclei of colon cancer and lymph node metastases. A Cox proportional hazards model revealed that FOXM1 expression was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. Experimentally, overexpression of FOXM1 by gene transfer significantly promoted the growth and metastasis of colon cancer cells in orthotopic mouse models, whereas knockdown of FOXM1 expression by siRNA did the opposite. Promotion of colon tumorigenesis by FOXM1 directly and significantly correlated with activation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (PLAUR) expression and elevation of invasion and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Given the importance of FOXM1 in regulation of the expression of genes key to cancer biology, dysregulated expression and activation of FOXM1 may play important roles in colon cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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McCubrey JA, Steelman LS, Chappell WH, Abrams SL, Montalto G, Cervello M, Nicoletti F, Fagone P, Malaponte G, Mazzarino MC, Candido S, Libra M, Bäsecke J, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Milella M, Tafuri A, Cocco L, Evangelisti C, Chiarini F, Martelli AM. Mutations and deregulation of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR cascades which alter therapy response. Oncotarget 2012; 3:954-87. [PMID: 23006971 PMCID: PMC3660063 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR cascades are often activated by genetic alterations in upstream signaling molecules such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). Certain components of these pathways, RAS, NF1, BRAF, MEK1, DUSP5, PP2A, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, PIK3R4, PIK3R5, IRS4, AKT, NFKB1, MTOR, PTEN, TSC1, and TSC2 may also be activated/inactivated by mutations or epigenetic silencing. Upstream mutations in one signaling pathway or even in downstream components of the same pathway can alter the sensitivity of the cells to certain small molecule inhibitors. These pathways have profound effects on proliferative, apoptotic and differentiation pathways. Dysregulation of components of these cascades can contribute to: resistance to other pathway inhibitors, chemotherapeutic drug resistance, premature aging as well as other diseases. This review will first describe these pathways and discuss how genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations can result in resistance to various inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
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