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Chakraborty C, Bhattacharya M, Lee SS. Regulatory role of miRNAs in the human immune and inflammatory response during the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses: A comprehensive review. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2526. [PMID: 38446531 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
miRNAs are single-stranded ncRNAs that act as regulators of different human body processes. Several miRNAs have been noted to control the human immune and inflammatory response during severe acute respiratory infection syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Similarly, many miRNAs were upregulated and downregulated during different respiratory virus infections. Here, an attempt has been made to capture the regulatory role of miRNAs in the human immune and inflammatory response during the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses. Firstly, the role of miRNAs has been depicted in the human immune and inflammatory response during the infection of SARS-CoV-2. In this direction, several significant points have been discussed about SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as the role of miRNAs in human innate immune response; miRNAs and its regulation of granulocytes; the role of miRNAs in macrophage activation and polarisation; miRNAs and neutrophil extracellular trap formation; miRNA-related inflammatory response; and miRNAs association in adaptive immunity. Secondly, the miRNAs landscape has been depicted during human respiratory virus infections such as human coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, rhinovirus, and human metapneumovirus. The article will provide more understanding of the miRNA-controlled mechanism of the immune and inflammatory response during COVID-19, which will help more therapeutics discoveries to fight against the future pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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2
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Meng F, Ai C, Yan G, Wang G. Tumor-suppressive zinc finger protein 24 (ZNF24) sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil by inhibiting the Wnt pathway and activating the p53 signaling. Exp Cell Res 2023; 433:113796. [PMID: 37774763 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis and colorectal cancer (CRC) development are associated with dysregulation of various pathways, including Wnt and p53. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a common chemotherapeutic agent for CRC treatment, but its efficacy is restricted by drug resistance. Doxycycline is an orally active tetracycline antibiotic known for its antimicrobial and anticancer cell proliferation activities. This study intends to delineate the potential role of bioinformatically predicted ZNF24 in the 5-FU resistance of CRC cells. The expression of ZNF24 was measured in clinically collected CRC tissues and cells. Afterward, ectopic ZNF24 expression was induced by DOX to evaluate the viability, colony-forming ability and sphere-forming ability of CRC cells. It was found that ZNF24 was validated to be poorly expressed in CRC tissues, and ectopic expression of ZNF24 was revealed to restrict the malignant phenotypes of CRC cells. In addition, restored ZNF24 attenuated 5-FU resistance of CRC cells by inhibiting the Wnt pathway and activating p53 signaling. Furthermore, an inhibitor of Wnt production 2 (IWP-2) treatment was an alternative to ZNF24 up-regulation in sensitizing CRC cells to 5-FU treatment. In conclusion, our results indicate that ZNF24 inhibits 5-FU resistance of CRC cells by suppressing the Wnt pathway and activating p53 signaling, which offers a potential strategy for managing chemoresistance in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqi Meng
- Department of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Chunlong Ai
- Department of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Yan
- Department of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China.
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3
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Wu S, Wu Y, Deng S, Lei X, Yang X. Emerging roles of noncoding RNAs in human cancers. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:128. [PMID: 37439905 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have found that RNA encoding proteins only account for a small part of the total number, most RNA is non-coding RNA, and non-coding RNA may affect the occurrence and development of human cancers by affecting gene expression, therefore play an important role in human pathology. At present, ncRNAs studied include miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA, piRNA, and snoRNA, etc. After decades of research, the basic role of these ncRNAs in many cancers has been clear. As far as we know, the role of miRNAs in cancer is one of the hottest research directions, however, it is also found that the imbalance of ncRNAs will affect the occurrence of gastric cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, meanwhile, it may also affect the prognosis of these cancers. Therefore, the study of ncRNAs in cancers may help to find new cancer diagnostic and treatment methods. Here, we reviewed the biosynthesis and characteristics of miRNA, cricRNA, and lncRNA etc., their roles in human cancers, as well as the mechanism through which these ncRNAs affect human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Kasimanickam VR, Kasimanickam RK. In Silico Analysis of miRNA-Mediated Genes in the Regulation of Dog Testes Development from Immature to Adult Form. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091520. [PMID: 37174557 PMCID: PMC10177090 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput in-silico techniques help us understand the role of individual proteins, protein-protein interaction, and their biological functions by corroborating experimental data as epitomized biological networks. The objective of this investigation was to elucidate the association of miRNA-mediated genes in the regulation of dog testes development from immature to adult form by in-silico analysis. Differentially expressed (DE) canine testis miRNAs between healthy immature (2.2 ± 0.13 months; n = 4) and mature (11 ± 1.0 months; n = 4) dogs were utilized in this investigation. In silico analysis was performed using miRNet, STRING, and ClueGo programs. The determination of mRNA and protein expressions of predicted pivotal genes and their association with miRNA were studied. The results showed protein-protein interaction for the upregulated miRNAs, which revealed 978 enriched biological processes GO terms and 127 KEGG enrichment pathways, and for the down-regulated miRNAs revealed 405 significantly enriched biological processes GO terms and 72 significant KEGG enrichment pathways (False Recovery Rate, p < 0.05). The in-silico analysis of DE-miRNA's associated genes revealed their involvement in the governing of several key biological functions (cell cycle, cell proliferation, growth, maturation, survival, and apoptosis) in the testis as they evolve from immature to adult forms, mediated by several key signaling pathways (ErbB, p53, PI3K-Akt, VEGF and JAK-STAT), cytokines and hormones (estrogen, GnRH, relaxin, thyroid hormone, and prolactin). Elucidation of DE-miRNA predicted genes' specific roles, signal transduction pathways, and mechanisms, by mimics and inhibitors, which could perhaps offer diagnostic and therapeutic targets for infertility, cancer, and birth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanmathy R Kasimanickam
- Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Ramanathan K Kasimanickam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Abtahi NA, Naghib SM, Haghiralsadat F, Akbari Edgahi M. Development of highly efficient niosomal systems for co-delivery of drugs and genes to treat breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-022-00135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this paper, we step forward in optimizing the efficiency of niosomal systems for carrying curcumin and miR-34a as single-/co-delivery to treat breast cancer. Curcumin, via regulation of p53 protein, affects the molecular signaling pathways and leads to cell death. Likewise, miRNAs, via alternation of the expression of genes, can suppress the development of tumor activities. To conquer and optimize the delivery limitation of curcumin and miRNA, niosomal systems with certain compositions (seven formulations) of Tween-80:Tween-60:cholesterol:DOTAP:PEG are introduced, which enhances the carrier size, surface charge, entrapment efficiency, transfection, and drug release. The results showed that Tween-60 has a significant influence on the entrapment efficiency of the composition. By including the PEG and DOTAP, high enhancements in the overall characteristics of the delivery system were observed. To assess the biological activity of samples, with/without the niosomal delivery system, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, in-vitro, and in-vivo cellular uptake were studied. The recorded data revealed better results from niosomal carriers than their free forms. The best result in single delivery was achieved by miRNA in F6, which had the highest apoptosis, uptake, and smallest tumor volumes under a controlled release. In conclusion, we successfully designed a nanoscale niosomal system to carry drugs and genes to the tumor site to treat cancer cells and provided remarkable data for the scientific society.
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Role of miRNAs in the regulation of cancer-associated signaling pathways. Noncoding RNA Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Xiao Q, Werner J, Venkatachalam N, Boonekamp KE, Ebert MP, Zhan T. Cross-Talk between p53 and Wnt Signaling in Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:453. [PMID: 35327645 PMCID: PMC8946298 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting cancer hallmarks is a cardinal strategy to improve antineoplastic treatment. However, cross-talk between signaling pathways and key oncogenic processes frequently convey resistance to targeted therapies. The p53 and Wnt pathway play vital roles for the biology of many tumors, as they are critically involved in cancer onset and progression. Over recent decades, a high level of interaction between the two pathways has been revealed. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of molecular interactions between the p53 and Wnt pathway discovered in cancer, including complex feedback loops and reciprocal transactivation. The mutational landscape of genes associated with p53 and Wnt signaling is described, including mutual exclusive and co-occurring genetic alterations. Finally, we summarize the functional consequences of this cross-talk for cancer phenotypes, such as invasiveness, metastasis or drug resistance, and discuss potential strategies to pharmacologically target the p53-Wnt interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Xiao
- Department of Medicine II, Mannheim University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany; (Q.X.); (N.V.); (M.P.E.)
| | - Johannes Werner
- Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.W.); (K.E.B.)
| | - Nachiyappan Venkatachalam
- Department of Medicine II, Mannheim University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany; (Q.X.); (N.V.); (M.P.E.)
| | - Kim E. Boonekamp
- Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Department Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.W.); (K.E.B.)
| | - Matthias P. Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Mannheim University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany; (Q.X.); (N.V.); (M.P.E.)
- Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, Mannheim University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany; (Q.X.); (N.V.); (M.P.E.)
- Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Wang C, Jia Q, Guo X, Li K, Chen W, Shen Q, Xu C, Fu Y. microRNA-34 Family: From Mechanism to Potential Applications. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 144:106168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Competing Endogenous RNA of Snail and Zeb1 UTR in Therapeutic Resistance of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179589. [PMID: 34502497 PMCID: PMC8431469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) comprises an important biological mechanism not only for cancer progression but also in the therapeutic resistance of cancer cells. While the importance of the protein abundance of EMT-inducers, such as Snail (SNAI1) and Zeb1 (ZEB1), during EMT progression is clear, the reciprocal interactions between the untranslated regions (UTRs) of EMT-inducers via a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network have received little attention. In this study, we found a synchronized transcript abundance of Snail and Zeb1 mediated by a non-coding RNA network in colorectal cancer (CRC). Importantly, the trans-regulatory ceRNA network in the UTRs of EMT inducers is mediated by competition between tumor suppressive miRNA-34 (miR-34) and miRNA-200 (miR-200). Furthermore, the ceRNA network consisting of the UTRs of EMT inducers and tumor suppressive miRs is functional in the EMT phenotype and therapeutic resistance of colon cancer. In The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) samples, we also found genome-wide ceRNA gene sets regulated by miR-34a and miR-200 in colorectal cancer. These results indicate that the ceRNA networks regulated by the reciprocal interaction between EMT gene UTRs and tumor suppressive miRs are functional in CRC progression and therapeutic resistance.
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10
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Weigl M, Kocijan R, Ferguson J, Leinfellner G, Heimel P, Feichtinger X, Pietschmann P, Grillari J, Zwerina J, Redl H, Hackl M. Longitudinal Changes of Circulating miRNAs During Bisphosphonate and Teriparatide Treatment in an Animal Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1131-1144. [PMID: 33598975 PMCID: PMC8252367 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs regulate bone homeostasis, and circulating microRNAs have been proposed as novel bone biomarkers. The effect of anti-osteoporotic treatment on circulating microRNAs has not been described in detail. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive analysis of microRNA serum levels in ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated (SHAM) rats over 12 weeks of antiresorptive or osteoanabolic treatment. Forty-two Sprague Dawley rats underwent SHAM surgery (n = 10) or ovariectomy (n = 32). After 8 weeks, OVX rats were randomized to antiresorptive treatment with zoledronate (n = 11), osteoanabolic treatment with teriparatide (n = 11), or vehicle treatment (n = 10). Serum samples were collected at weeks 8, 12, 16, and 20 after surgery. A total of 91 microRNAs were analyzed by RT-qPCR in serum samples collected at week 20. Based on the results, 29 microRNAs were selected for longitudinal analysis at all four study time points. Changes in bone mineral density and microstructure were followed up by in vivo micro-CT and ex vivo nano-CT. Ovariectomy resulted in the loss of trabecular bone, which was reversed by osteoanabolic and antiresorptive treatment. Differential expression analysis identified 11 circulating miRNAs that were significantly regulated after treatment. For example, miR-107 and miR-31-5p increased in vehicle-treated OVX animals, whereas they decreased during teriparatide treatment. Additional miRNAs were identified that showed significant correlations to bone microstructure or bone miRNA expression, including miR-203a-3p, which exhibited a significant negative correlation to vertebral and tibial trabecular bone volume fraction (%). Longitudinal analysis confirmed eight microRNAs with significant changes in serum over time that were prevented by teriparatide and zoledronate treatment (miR-34a-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-30d-3p, miR-378a-5p) or teriparatide treatment only (miR-375-3p, miR-183-5p, miR-203a-3p, miR-203b-3p). Gene target network analysis identified WNT and Notch signaling as the main signaling pathways controlled by these miRNAs. Thus, ovariectomy results in time-dependent deregulation of circulating miRNAs compared with SHAM animals. Anti-osteoporotic treatments can rescue this effect, showing that bone-related miRNAs might act as novel biomarkers for treatment monitoring. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Weigl
- TAmiRNA GmbHViennaAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
| | - Roland Kocijan
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre MeidlingViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research CenterViennaAustria
- Medical Faculty of Bone DiseasesSigmund Freud UniversityViennaAustria
| | - James Ferguson
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research CenterViennaAustria
| | - Gabriele Leinfellner
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research CenterViennaAustria
| | - Patrick Heimel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research CenterViennaAustria
- Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial ResearchUniversity Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Xaver Feichtinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research CenterViennaAustria
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research CenterViennaAustria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of BiotechnologyBOKU ‐ University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jochen Zwerina
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre MeidlingViennaAustria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research CenterViennaAustria
| | - Matthias Hackl
- TAmiRNA GmbHViennaAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
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Feng S, Liu J, Hailiang L, Wen J, Zhao Y, Li X, Lu G, Gao P, Zeng X. Amplification of RAD54B promotes progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101124. [PMID: 34049150 PMCID: PMC8167290 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer was reported to be the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75%-85% of primary liver cancer. Nevertheless, the concrete molecular mechanisms of HCC progression remain obscure, which is essential to elucidate. The expression profile of RAD54B in HCC was measured using qPCR and western blotting. Moreover, the levels of RAD54B in paraffin-embedded samples were evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The effect of RAD54B on HCC progression was testified by in vitro experiments, and in vivo orthotopic xenograft tumor experiments. The mechanisms of RAD54B promoting HCC progression were investigated through molecular and function experiments. Herein, RAD54B are dramatically upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines both on mRNA and protein levels, and RAD54B can servers as an independent prognostic parameter of 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival for patients with HCC. Moreover, up-regulation of RAD54B dramatically increases the capacity for in vitro cell viability and motility, and in vivo intrahepatic metastasis of HCC cells. Mechanistically, RAD54B promotes the HCC progression through modulating the wnt/β-catenin signaling. Notably, blocking the wnt/β-catenin signaling axis can counteract the activating effects of RAD54B on motility of HCC cells. Besides, further analysis illustrates that DNA amplification is one of the mechanisms leading to mRNA overexpression of RAD54B in HCC. Our findings indicate that RAD54B might be a promising potential prognostic marker and a candidate therapeutic target to therapy HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senwen Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Junhao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Li Hailiang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Jianfan Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Yujun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Guankun Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Xiancheng Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510317, China.
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12
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Cho YH, Ro EJ, Yoon JS, Mizutani T, Kang DW, Park JC, Il Kim T, Clevers H, Choi KY. 5-FU promotes stemness of colorectal cancer via p53-mediated WNT/β-catenin pathway activation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5321. [PMID: 33087710 PMCID: PMC7578039 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) remains the first-line treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC). Although 5-FU initially de-bulks the tumor mass, recurrence after chemotherapy is the barrier to effective clinical outcomes for CRC patients. Here, we demonstrate that p53 promotes WNT3 transcription, leading to activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway in ApcMin/+/Lgr5EGFP mice, CRC patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) and patient-derived tumor cells (PDCs). Through this regulation, 5-FU induces activation and enrichment of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the residual tumors, contributing to recurrence after treatment. Combinatorial treatment of a WNT inhibitor and 5-FU effectively suppresses the CSCs and reduces tumor regrowth after discontinuation of treatment. These findings indicate p53 as a critical mediator of 5-FU-induced CSC activation via the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway and highlight the significance of combinatorial treatment of WNT inhibitor and 5-FU as a compelling therapeutic strategy to improve the poor outcomes of current 5-FU-based therapies for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hee Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Ro
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jeong-Su Yoon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Tomohiro Mizutani
- Hubrecht Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, UMC Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dong-Woo Kang
- Medpacto Bio Institute, Medpacto Inc, Seoul, 06668, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Cancer Genomics Netherlands, UMC Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kang-Yell Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,CK Biotechnology Inc, Yonsei Engineering Complex B137A, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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13
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Pegoraro S, Ros G, Sgubin M, Petrosino S, Zambelli A, Sgarra R, Manfioletti G. Targeting the intrinsically disordered architectural High Mobility Group A (HMGA) oncoproteins in breast cancer: learning from the past to design future strategies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:953-969. [PMID: 32970506 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1814738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most difficult breast cancer subtype to treat because of its heterogeneity and lack of specific therapeutic targets. High Mobility Group A (HMGA) proteins are chromatin architectural factors that have multiple oncogenic functions in breast cancer, and they represent promising molecular therapeutic targets for this disease. AREAS COVERED We offer an overview of the strategies that have been exploited to counteract HMGA oncoprotein activities at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We also present the possibility of targeting cancer-associated factors that lie downstream of HMGA proteins and discuss the contribution of HMGA proteins to chemoresistance. EXPERT OPINION Different strategies have been exploited to counteract HMGA protein activities; these involve interfering with their nucleic acid binding properties and the blocking of HMGA expression. Some approaches have provided promising results. However, some unique characteristics of the HMGA proteins have not been exploited; these include their extensive protein-protein interaction network and their intrinsically disordered status that present the possibility that HMGA proteins could be involved in the formation of proteinaceous membrane-less organelles (PMLO) by liquid-liquid phase separation. These unexplored characteristics could open new pharmacological avenues to counteract the oncogenic contributions of HMGA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pegoraro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Gloria Ros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Michela Sgubin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Petrosino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
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14
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Bahrami A, A Ferns G. Effect of Curcumin and Its Derivates on Gastric Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1553-1569. [PMID: 32814463 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1808232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma is one of the most prevalent malignancies and is associated with a high mortality. Chemotherapy is the principal therapeutic option in the treatment of gastric cancer, but its success rate is restricted by severe side effects and the prevalence of chemo-resistance. Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric that has potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. There is accumulating evidence that curcumin may prevent gastric cancer through regulation of oncogenic pathways. Furthermore some curcumin analogues and novel formulation of curcumin appear to have anti-tumor activity. The aim of this review was to give an overview of the therapeutic potential of curcumin and its derivatives against gastric cancer in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Sussex, UK
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15
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Expression patterns of seven key genes, including β-catenin, Notch1, GATA6, CDX2, miR-34a, miR-181a and miR-93 in gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12342. [PMID: 32704077 PMCID: PMC7378835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and a major cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. Incidence of GC is affected by various factors, including genetic and environmental factors. Despite extensive research has been done for molecular characterization of GC, it remains largely unknown. Therefore, further studies specially conducted among various ethnicities in different geographic locations, are required to know the precise molecular mechanisms leading to tumorigenesis and progression of GC. The expression patterns of seven candidate genes, including β-catenin, Notch1, GATA6, CDX2, miR-34a, miR-181a, and miR-93 were determined in 24 paired GC tissues and corresponding non-cancerous tissues by quantitative Real-Time PCR. The association between the expression of these genes and clinicopathologic factors were also investigated. Our results demonstrated that overall mRNA levels of GATA6 were significantly decreased in the tumor samples in comparison with the non-cancerous tissues (median fold change (FC) = 0.3143; P = 0.0003). Overall miR-93 levels were significantly increased in the tumor samples relative to the non-cancerous gastric tissues (FC = 2.441; P = 0.0002). β-catenin mRNA expression showed a strong positive correlation with miR-34a (r = 0.5784; P = 0.0031), and miR-181a (r = 0.5652; P = 0.004) expression. miR-34a and miR-181a expression showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.4862; P = 0.016). Moreover, lower expression of Notch1 was related to distant metastasis in GC patients with a borderline statistical significance (p = 0.0549). These data may advance our understanding of the molecular biology that drives GC as well as provide potential targets for defining novel therapeutic strategies for GC treatment.
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16
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Barbu MG, Condrat CE, Thompson DC, Bugnar OL, Cretoiu D, Toader OD, Suciu N, Voinea SC. MicroRNA Involvement in Signaling Pathways During Viral Infection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:143. [PMID: 32211411 PMCID: PMC7075948 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of miRNAs started in 1993, when Lee et al. observed their involvement in the downregulation of a crucial protein known as LIN-14 in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Since then, great progress has been made regarding research on microRNAs, which are now known to be involved in the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes in both animals and humans. One such example is represented by their interaction with various signaling pathways during viral infections. It has been observed that these pathogens can induce the up-/downregulation of various host miRNAs in order to elude the host's immune system. In contrast, some miRNAs studied could have an antiviral effect, enabling the defense mechanisms to fight the infection or, at the very least, they could induce the pathogen to enter a latent state. At the same time, some viruses encode their own miRNAs, which could further modulate the host's signaling pathways, thus favoring the survival and replication of the virus. The goal of this extensive literature review was to present how miRNAs are involved in the regulation of various signaling pathways in some of the most important and well-studied human viral infections. Further on, knowing which miRNAs are involved in various viral infections and what role they play could aid in the development of antiviral therapeutic agents for certain diseases that do not have a definitive cure in the present. The clinical applications of miRNAs are extremely important, as miRNAs targeted inhibition may have substantial therapeutic impact. Inhibition of miRNAs can be achieved through many different methods, but chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides have shown the most prominent effects. Though scientists are far from completely understanding all the molecular mechanisms behind the complex cross-talks between miRNA pathways and viral infections, the general knowledge is increasing on the different roles played by miRNAs during viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Gabriela Barbu
- Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Elena Condrat
- Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dana Claudia Thompson
- Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Larisa Bugnar
- Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragos Cretoiu
- Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Daniela Toader
- Division of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Suciu
- Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Bucharest, Romania
- Division of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silviu Cristian Voinea
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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17
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Sun C, Zhang S, Liu C, Liu X. Curcumin Promoted miR-34a Expression and Suppressed Proliferation of Gastric Cancer Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:634-641. [PMID: 31539270 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.2874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the effects of curcumin on miR-34a and proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was divided into control, curcumin, miR-34a agomir (miR-34a), miR-34a agomir negative control, and curcumin combined miR-34a antagomir (combine) groups. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, scratch damage test, and transwell assay were used to detect cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), and cyclin D1. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling was used to detect apoptosis of tumors and Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 in tumors. Results: The results showed that curcumin markedly increased the content of miR-34a microRNA (mRNA) in SGC-7901 cells, inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of SGC-7901 cells, when compared to control group (p < 0.05). Compared with control group, curcumin significantly inhibited cell cycle progression in G0/G1-S phase, increased the cell number of G0/G1 phase, and downregulated the Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 protein expression in cells and tissues (p < 0.05). After transfection of miR-34a agomir or antagomir into cells it was found that miR-34a agomir and curcumin had similar effects on resisting malignant biological behavior. Curcumin combined with miR-34a antagomir could weaken or reverse the above results. Conclusions: Curcumin could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. Its mechanism might be related to the miR-34a expression in cells, thus affecting the expression of Bcl-2, CDK4, and cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Changhai Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Xueqiang Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, China
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18
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Tormo E, Ballester S, Adam-Artigues A, Burgués O, Alonso E, Bermejo B, Menéndez S, Zazo S, Madoz-Gúrpide J, Rovira A, Albanell J, Rojo F, Lluch A, Eroles P. The miRNA-449 family mediates doxorubicin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer by regulating cell cycle factors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5316. [PMID: 30926829 PMCID: PMC6441107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer remain unclear, and so, new molecules which might mediate this resistance could optimize treatment response. Here we analyzed the involvement of the miRNA-449 family in the response to doxorubicin. The cell viability, cell-cycle phases, and the expression of in silico target genes and proteins of sensitive/resistant triple negative breast cancer cell lines were evaluated in response to doxorubicin treatment and after gain/loss of miRNAs-449 function achieved by transient transfection. Triple negative breast cancer patients were selected for ex vivo experiments and to evaluate gene and miRNAs expression changes after treatment, as well as survival analysis by Kaplan-Meier. Doxorubicin treatment upregulated miRNAs-449 and DNA-damage responder factors E2F1 and E2F3 in triple negative breast cancer sensitive breast cancer cells, while expression remained unaltered in resistant ones. In vitro overexpression of miRNAs-449 sensitized cells to the treatment and significantly reduced the resistance to doxorubicin. These changes showed also a strong effect on cell cycle regulation. Finally, elevated levels of miRNA-449a associated significantly with better survival in chemotherapy-treated triple negative breast cancer patients. These results reveal for the first time the involvement of the miRNA-449 family in doxorubicin resistance and their predictive and prognostic value in triple negative breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Tormo
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario-CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Octavio Burgués
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario-CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain.,Pathology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elisa Alonso
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario-CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain.,Pathology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Bermejo
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario-CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Menéndez
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Zazo
- Pathology Department, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Madoz-Gúrpide
- Pathology Department, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rovira
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar-CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Albanell
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar-CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Rojo
- Pathology Department, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz- CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Lluch
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario-CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain.,Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Eroles
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain. .,Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario-CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain. .,COST action CA15204, Brussels, Belgium.
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19
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Juracek J, Stanik M, Vesela P, Radova L, Dolezel J, Svoboda M, Slaby O. Tumor expression of miR-34a-3p is an independent predictor of recurrence in non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer and promising additional factor to improve predictive value of EORTC nomogram. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:184.e1-184.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Roles of MicroRNA-34a in Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition, Competing Endogenous RNA Sponging and Its Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040861. [PMID: 30781524 PMCID: PMC6413055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a), a tumor suppressor, has been reported to be dysregulated in various human cancers. MiR-34a is involves in certain epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated signal pathways to repress tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and metastasis. Due to the particularity of miR-34 family in tumor-associated EMT, the significance of miR-34a is being increasingly recognized. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is a novel concept involving mRNA, circular RNA, pseudogene transcript, and long noncoding RNA regulating each other’s expressions using microRNA response elements to compete for the binding of microRNAs. Studies showed that miR-34a is efficient for cancer therapy. Here, we provide an overview of the function of miR-34a in tumor-associated EMT. ceRNA hypothesis plays an important role in miR-34a regulation in EMT, cancer progression, and metastasis. Its potential roles and challenges as a microRNA therapeutic candidate are discussed. As the negative effect on cancer progression, miR-34a should play crucial roles in clinical diagnosis and cancer therapy.
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21
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MicroRNA-34 family: a potential tumor suppressor and therapeutic candidate in cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:53. [PMID: 30717802 PMCID: PMC6360685 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-34 (miR-34) has been reported to be dysregulated in various human cancers and regarded as a tumor suppressive microRNA because of its synergistic effect with the well-known tumor suppressor p53. Along with the application of MRX34, the first tumor-targeted microRNA drug which based on miR-34a mimics, on phase I clinical trial (NCT01829971), the significance of miR-34 is increasingly recognized. miR-34 plays a crucial role on repressing tumor progression by involving in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via EMT- transcription factors, p53 and some important signal pathways. Not only that, numerous preclinical researches revealed the giant potential of miR-34a on cancer therapy through diversiform nano-scaled delivery systems. Here, we provide an overview about the function of miR-34 in various cancers and the mechanism of miR-34 in tumor-associated EMT. Furthermore, its potential role as a microRNA therapeutic candidate is also discussed. Notwithstanding some obstacles existed, the extensive application prospect of miR-34 on oncotherapy cannot be neglected.
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22
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Mäkitie RE, Hackl M, Niinimäki R, Kakko S, Grillari J, Mäkitie O. Altered MicroRNA Profile in Osteoporosis Caused by Impaired WNT Signaling. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:1985-1996. [PMID: 29506076 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-02585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT WNT signaling is fundamental to bone health, and its aberrant activation leads to skeletal pathologies. The heterozygous missense mutation p.C218G in WNT1, a key WNT pathway ligand, leads to severe early-onset and progressive osteoporosis with multiple peripheral and spinal fractures. Despite the severe skeletal manifestations, conventional bone turnover markers are normal in mutation-positive patients. OBJECTIVE This study sought to explore the circulating microRNA (miRNA) pattern in patients with impaired WNT signaling. DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional cohort study at a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS Altogether, 12 mutation-positive (MP) subjects (median age, 39 years; range, 11 to 76 years) and 12 mutation-negative (MN) subjects (35 years; range, 9 to 59 years) from two Finnish families with WNT1 osteoporosis due to the heterozygous p.C218G WNT1 mutation. METHODS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Serum samples were screened for 192 miRNAs using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Findings were compared between WNT1 MP and MN subjects. RESULTS The pattern of circulating miRNAs was significantly different in the MP subjects compared with the MN subjects, with two upregulated (miR-18a-3p and miR-223-3p) and six downregulated miRNAs (miR-22-3p, miR-31-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-143-5p, miR-423-5p, and miR-423-3p). Three of these (miR-22-3p, miR-34a-5p, and miR-31-5p) are known inhibitors of WNT signaling: miR-22-3p and miR-34a-5p target WNT1 messenger RNA, and miR-31-5p is predicted to bind to WNT1 3'UTR. CONCLUSIONS The circulating miRNA pattern reflects WNT1 mutation status. The findings suggest that the WNT1 mutation disrupts feedback regulation between these miRNAs and WNT1, providing insights into the pathogenesis of WNT-related bone disorders. These miRNAs may have potential in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka E Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sakari Kakko
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Zarkou V, Galaras A, Giakountis A, Hatzis P. Crosstalk mechanisms between the WNT signaling pathway and long non-coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA Res 2018; 3:42-53. [PMID: 30159439 PMCID: PMC6096407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway controls a plethora of biological processes throughout animal development and adult life. Because of its fundamental role during animal lifespan, the WNT pathway is subject to strict positive and negative multi-layered regulation, while its aberrant activity causes a wide range of pathologies, including cancer. At present, despite the inroads into the molecules involved in WNT-mediated transcriptional responses, the fine-tuning of WNT pathway activity and the totality of its target genes have not been fully elucidated. Over the past few years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), RNA transcripts longer that 200nt that do not code for proteins, have emerged as significant transcriptional regulators. Recent studies show that lncRNAs can modulate WNT pathway outcome by affecting gene expression through diversified mechanisms, from the transcriptional to post-translational level. In this review, we selectively discuss those lncRNA-mediated mechanisms we believe the most important to WNT pathway modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Zarkou
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center ‘Alexander Fleming’, 16672 Vari, Greece
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Galaras
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center ‘Alexander Fleming’, 16672 Vari, Greece
- Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Goudi, Greece
| | - Antonis Giakountis
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center ‘Alexander Fleming’, 16672 Vari, Greece
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Pantelis Hatzis
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center ‘Alexander Fleming’, 16672 Vari, Greece
- Corresponding author.
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24
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Fasihi A, M. Soltani B, Atashi A, Nasiri S. Introduction of
hsa‐miR‐103a
and
hsa‐miR‐1827
and
hsa‐miR‐137
as new regulators of Wnt signaling pathway and their relation to colorectal carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5104-5117. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fasihi
- Molecular Genetics DepartmentFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Bahram M. Soltani
- Molecular Genetics DepartmentFaculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Amir Atashi
- Hematology DepartmentFaculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Shirzad Nasiri
- Tehran University of Medical SciencesShariati HospitalTehranIran
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25
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Expression Level of miR-34a in Tumor Tissue from Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2018; 50:304-307. [DOI: 10.1007/s12029-018-0060-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Abdul AURM, De Silva B, Gary RK. The GSK3 kinase inhibitor lithium produces unexpected hyperphosphorylation of β-catenin, a GSK3 substrate, in human glioblastoma cells. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.030874. [PMID: 29212798 PMCID: PMC5829510 DOI: 10.1242/bio.030874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium salt is a classic glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor. Beryllium is a structurally related inhibitor that is more potent but relatively uncharacterized. This study examined the effects of these inhibitors on the phosphorylation of endogenous GSK3 substrates. In NIH-3T3 cells, both salts caused a decrease in phosphorylated glycogen synthase, as expected. GSK3 inhibitors produce enhanced phosphorylation of Ser9 of GSK3β via a positive feedback mechanism, and both salts elicited this enhancement. Another GSK3 substrate is β-catenin, which has a central role in Wnt signaling. In A172 human glioblastoma cells, lithium treatment caused a surprising increase in phospho-Ser33/Ser37-β-catenin, which was quantified using an antibody-coupled capillary electrophoresis method. The β-catenin hyperphosphorylation was unaffected by p53 RNAi knockdown, indicating that p53 is not involved in the mechanism of this response. Lithium caused a decrease in the abundance of axin, a component of the β-catenin destruction complex that has a role in coordinating β-catenin ubiquitination and protein turnover. The axin and phospho-β-catenin results were reproduced in U251 and U87MG glioblastoma cell lines. These observations run contrary to the conventional view of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, in which a GSK3 inhibitor would be expected to decrease, not increase, phospho-β-catenin levels. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: GSK3 inhibitors have potential use against Alzheimer's disease and other conditions. In this study, a classic inhibitor produced unexpected molecular effects on key components of the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhagya De Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Ronald K Gary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
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27
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Ji H, Xu L, Wang Z, Fan X, Wu L. Differential microRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex of mouse offspring induced by glyphosate exposure during pregnancy and lactation. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:2457-2467. [PMID: 29467848 PMCID: PMC5792815 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate is the active ingredient in numerous herbicide formulations. The role of glyphosate in neurotoxicity has been reported in human and animal models. However, the detailed mechanism of the role of glyphosate in neuronal development remains unknown. Recently, several studies have reported evidence linking neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) with gestational glyphosate exposure. The current group previously identified microRNAs (miRNAs) that are associated with the etiology of NDDs, but their expression levels in the developing brain following glyphosate exposure have not been characterized. In the present study, miRNA expression patterns were evaluated in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of 28 postnatal day mouse offspring following glyphosate exposure during pregnancy and lactation. An miRNA microarray detected 55 upregulated and 19 downregulated miRNAs in the PFC of mouse offspring, and 20 selected deregulated miRNAs were further evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 11 targets of these selected deregulated miRNAs were analyzed using bioinformatics. Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with the relevant miRNAs included neurogenesis (GO:0050769), neuron differentiation (GO:0030182) and brain development (GO:0007420). The genes Cdkn1a, Numbl, Notch1, Fosl1 and Lef1 are involved in the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways, which are closely associated with neural development. PCR arrays for the mouse Wnt and Notch signaling pathways were used to validate the effects of glyphosate on the expression pattern of genes involved in the Wnt and Notch pathways. Nr4a2 and Wnt7b were downregulated, while Dkk1, Dixdc1, Runx1, Shh, Lef-1 and Axin2 were upregulated in the PFC of mice offspring following glyphosate exposure during pregnancy and lactation. These results indicated abnormalities of the Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways. These findings may be of particular interest for understanding the mechanism of glyphosate-induced neurotoxicity, as well as helping to clarify the association between glyphosate and NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ji
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Linhao Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Xinli Fan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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28
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Fang C, Qiu S, Sun F, Li W, Wang Z, Yue B, Wu X, Yan D. Long non-coding RNA HNF1A-AS1 mediated repression of miR-34a/SIRT1/p53 feedback loop promotes the metastatic progression of colon cancer by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA. Cancer Lett 2017; 410:50-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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Bai C, Gao Y, Zhang X, Yang W, Guan W. MicroRNA-34c acts as a bidirectional switch in the maturation of insulin-producing cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:106844-106857. [PMID: 29290993 PMCID: PMC5739778 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs regulate insulin secretion, pancreatic development, and beta-cell differentiation. However, their function in the differentiation of IPCs from MSCs is poorly understood. In this study, to screen for miRNAs and their targets that function during the formation of IPCs from MSCs, we examined the miRNA expression profiles of MSCs and IPCs using RNA-seq and qPCR to confirm the above results. We found that miR-34c exhibited transient upregulation at an early stage of the formation of IPCs derived from MSCs. Next, we analyzed the biological function of miR-34c by predicting its targets using bioinformatic tools. Combining our data with those from previous reports, we found that miR-34c and its targets play an important role in the formation of IPCs. Therefore, we overexpressed miR-34c and expressed small interfering RNAs of its targets in MSCs to investigate their functions in IPC formation. We found that miR-34c acts as a bidirectional switch in the formation of IPCs derived from MSCs by regulating the expression of targets to affect insulin synthesis and secretion. miR-34c was shown to downregulate its targets, including PDE7B, PDGFRA, and MAP2K1, to increase proinsulin synthesis, but when miR-34c continually dysregulated such expression, it suppressed the expression of other targets, namely ACSL4 and SAR1A, weakening insulin secretion in IPCs. These results suggest that endogenous miRNAs involved in the formation of IPCs from stem cells should be considered in the development of effective cell transplant therapy for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, PR China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuhua Gao
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, PR China.,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, PR China
| | - Wancai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology of Shandong Higher Education, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, PR China.,Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Weijun Guan
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
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30
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McCubrey JA, Fitzgerald TL, Yang LV, Lertpiriyapong K, Steelman LS, Abrams SL, Montalto G, Cervello M, Neri LM, Cocco L, Martelli AM, Laidler P, Dulińska-Litewka J, Rakus D, Gizak A, Nicoletti F, Falzone L, Candido S, Libra M. Roles of GSK-3 and microRNAs on epithelial mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14221-14250. [PMID: 27999207 PMCID: PMC5355173 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Various signaling pathways exert critical roles in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The Wnt/beta-catenin, PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, hedgehog (Hh), Notch and TP53 pathways elicit essential regulatory influences on cancer initiation, EMT and progression. A common kinase involved in all these pathways is moon-lighting kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). These pathways are also regulated by micro-RNAs (miRs). TP53 and components of these pathways can regulate the expression of miRs. Targeting members of these pathways may improve cancer therapy in those malignancies that display their abnormal regulation. This review will discuss the interactions of the multi-functional GSK-3 enzyme in the Wnt/beta-catenin, PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, Hh, Notch and TP53 pathways. The regulation of these pathways by miRs and their effects on CSC generation, EMT, invasion and metastasis will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Timothy L Fitzgerald
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Li V Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Kvin Lertpiriyapong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Linda S Steelman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Stephen L Abrams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piotr Laidler
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Oncological, Clinical and General Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Falzone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Oncological, Clinical and General Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Oncological, Clinical and General Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Oncological, Clinical and General Pathology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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31
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Peng Y, Zhang X, Feng X, Fan X, Jin Z. The crosstalk between microRNAs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14089-14106. [PMID: 27793042 PMCID: PMC5355165 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence has indicated microRNA (miR) dysregulation and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway jointly drive carcinogenesis, cancer metastasis, and drug-resistance. The current review will focus on the role of the crosstalk between miRs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cancer development. MiRs were found to activate or inhibit the canonical Wnt pathway at various steps. On the other hand, Wnt activation increases expression of miR by directly binding to its promoter and activating transcription. Moreover, there are mutual feedback loops between some miRs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Clinical trials of miR-based therapeutic agents are investigated for solid and hematological tumors, however, challenges concerning low bioavailability and possible side effects must be overcome before the final clinical application. This review will describe current understanding of miR crosstalk with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. Better understanding of the regulatory network will provide insight into miR-based therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Tumors, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianling Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmim Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Pathology, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micromolecule Innovatal Drugs, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Tumors, The Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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32
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Coding and small non-coding transcriptional landscape of tuberous sclerosis complex cortical tubers: implications for pathophysiology and treatment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8089. [PMID: 28808237 PMCID: PMC5556011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder that results from a mutation in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes leading to constitutive activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). TSC is associated with autism, intellectual disability and severe epilepsy. Cortical tubers are believed to represent the neuropathological substrates of these disabling manifestations in TSC. In the presented study we used high-throughput RNA sequencing in combination with systems-based computational approaches to investigate the complexity of the TSC molecular network. Overall we detected 438 differentially expressed genes and 991 differentially expressed small non-coding RNAs in cortical tubers compared to autopsy control brain tissue. We observed increased expression of genes associated with inflammatory, innate and adaptive immune responses. In contrast, we observed a down-regulation of genes associated with neurogenesis and glutamate receptor signaling. MicroRNAs represented the largest class of over-expressed small non-coding RNA species in tubers. In particular, our analysis revealed that the miR-34 family (including miR-34a, miR-34b and miR-34c) was significantly over-expressed. Functional studies demonstrated the ability of miR-34b to modulate neurite outgrowth in mouse primary hippocampal neuronal cultures. This study provides new insights into the TSC transcriptomic network along with the identification of potential new treatment targets.
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33
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FZD8, a target of p53, promotes bone metastasis in prostate cancer by activating canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cancer Lett 2017; 402:166-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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34
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Rodriguez-Blanco J, Pednekar L, Penas C, Li B, Martin V, Long J, Lee E, Weiss WA, Rodriguez C, Mehrdad N, Nguyen DM, Ayad NG, Rai P, Capobianco AJ, Robbins DJ. Inhibition of WNT signaling attenuates self-renewal of SHH-subgroup medulloblastoma. Oncogene 2017; 36:6306-6314. [PMID: 28714964 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The SMOOTHENED inhibitor vismodegib is FDA approved for advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and shows promise in clinical trials for SONIC HEDGEHOG (SHH)-subgroup medulloblastoma (MB) patients. Clinical experience with BCC patients shows that continuous exposure to vismodegib is necessary to prevent tumor recurrence, suggesting the existence of a vismodegib-resistant reservoir of tumor-propagating cells. We isolated such tumor-propagating cells from a mouse model of SHH-subgroup MB and grew them as sphere cultures. These cultures were enriched for the MB progenitor marker SOX2 and formed tumors in vivo. Moreover, while their ability to self-renew was resistant to SHH inhibitors, as has been previously suggested, this self-renewal was instead WNT-dependent. We show here that loss of Trp53 activates canonical WNT signaling in these SOX2-enriched cultures. Importantly, a small molecule WNT inhibitor was able to reduce the propagation and growth of SHH-subgroup MB in vivo, in an on-target manner, leading to increased survival. Our results imply that the tumor-propagating cells driving the growth of bulk SHH-dependent MB are themselves WNT dependent. Further, our data suggest combination therapy with WNT and SHH inhibitors as a therapeutic strategy in patients with SHH-subgroup MB, in order to decrease the tumor recurrence commonly observed in patients treated with vismodegib.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rodriguez-Blanco
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - L Pednekar
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C Penas
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - B Li
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - V Martin
- Morphology and Cell Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - J Long
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - E Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - W A Weiss
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Rodriguez
- Morphology and Cell Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - N Mehrdad
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - D M Nguyen
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - N G Ayad
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - P Rai
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A J Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - D J Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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35
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Jafari N, Abediankenari S. MicroRNA-34 dysregulation in gastric cancer and gastric cancer stem cell. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317701652. [PMID: 28468587 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317701652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide, with a low survival rate for patients with advanced forms of the disease. Over the recent decades, the investigation of the pathophysiological mechanisms of tumourigenesis has opened promising avenues to understand some of the complexities of cancer treatment. However, tumour regeneration and metastasis impose great difficulty for gastric cancer cure. In recent years, cancer stem cells - a small subset of tumour cells in many cancers - have become a major focus of cancer research. Cancer stem cells are capable of self-renewal and are known to be responsible for tumour initiation, metastasis, therapy resistance and cancer recurrence. Recent studies have revealed the key role of microRNAs - small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression - in these processes. MicroRNAs play crucial roles in the regulation of a wide range of biological processes in a post-transcriptional manner, though their expression is dysregulated in most malignancies, including gastric cancer. In this article, we review the consequences of aberrant expression of microRNA-34 in cancer and cancer stem cells, with a specific focus on the miR-34 dysregulation in gastric cancer and gastric cancer stem cells. We address the critical effects of the aberrant expression of miR-34 and its target genes in maintaining cancer stem cell properties. Information collection and discussion about the advancements in gastric cancer stem cells and microRNAs can be useful for providing novel insights into patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Jafari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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36
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Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in tumor progression. Med Oncol 2017; 34:122. [PMID: 28560682 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-0980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process in which a non-motile epithelial cell changes to a mesenchymal state with invasive capacities. However, the EMT program is involved in both physiological and pathological processes. Cancer-associated EMT is known to contribute to increase invasiveness and metastasis, resistance to therapies, and generation of cell populations with stem cell-like characteristics and therefore is deeply involved in tumor progression. This process is finely orchestrated by multiple signaling pathways and regulatory transcriptional networks. The hallmark of EMT is the loss of epithelial surface markers, mainly E-cadherin, and the acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype. These events can be mediated by EMT transcription factors which can cooperate with several enzymes to repress the E-cadherin expression and regulate EMT at the epigenetic and post-translational level. A growing body of evidence indicates that cancer cells can reside in various phenotypic states along the EMT spectrum, where cells can jointly retain epithelial traits with mesenchymal ones. This type of phenotypic plasticity endows cancer cells with tumor-initiating potential. The identification of the signaling pathways and modulators that lead to activation of EMT programs during these disease processes is providing new insights into the plasticity of cellular phenotypes and possible therapeutic interventions.
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37
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Han W, He L, Cao B, Zhao X, Zhang K, Li Y, Beck P, Zhou Z, Tian Y, Cheng S, Wang H. Differential expression of LEF1/TCFs family members in colonic carcinogenesis. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2372-2381. [PMID: 27433921 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Longmei He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bangrong Cao
- Department of etiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Basic Research, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kaitai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of etiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Beck
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zhixiang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yantao Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of etiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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38
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A MicroRNA Screen Identifies the Wnt Signaling Pathway as a Regulator of the Interferon Response during Flavivirus Infection. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.02388-16. [PMID: 28148804 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02388-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of mosquito-borne flavivirus infections worldwide is significant, and many critical aspects of these viruses' biology, including virus-host interactions, host cell requirements for replication, and how virus-host interactions impact pathology, remain to be fully understood. The recent reemergence and spread of flaviviruses, including dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Zika virus (ZIKV), highlight the importance of performing basic research on this important group of pathogens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that modulate gene expression posttranscriptionally and have been demonstrated to regulate a broad range of cellular processes. Our research is focused on identifying pro- and antiflaviviral miRNAs as a means of characterizing cellular pathways that support or limit viral replication. We have screened a library of known human miRNA mimics for their effect on the replication of three flaviviruses, DENV, WNV, and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), using a high-content immunofluorescence screen. Several families of miRNAs were identified as inhibiting multiple flaviviruses, including the miRNA miR-34, miR-15, and miR-517 families. Members of the miR-34 family, which have been extensively characterized for their ability to repress Wnt/β-catenin signaling, demonstrated strong antiflaviviral effects, and this inhibitory activity extended to other viruses, including ZIKV, alphaviruses, and herpesviruses. Previous research suggested a possible link between the Wnt and type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathways. Therefore, we investigated the role of type I IFN induction in the antiviral effects of the miR-34 family and confirmed that these miRNAs potentiate interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation and translocation to the nucleus, the induction of IFN-responsive genes, and the release of type I IFN from transfected cells. We further demonstrate that the intersection between the Wnt and IFN signaling pathways occurs at the point of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)-TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) binding, inducing TBK1 to phosphorylate IRF3 and initiate downstream IFN signaling. In this way, we have identified a novel cellular signaling network with a critical role in regulating the replication of multiple virus families. These findings highlight the opportunities for using miRNAs as tools to discover and characterize unique cellular factors involved in supporting or limiting virus replication, opening up new avenues for antiviral research.IMPORTANCE MicroRNAs are a class of small regulatory RNAs that modulate cellular processes through the posttranscriptional repression of multiple transcripts. We hypothesized that individual miRNAs may be capable of inhibiting viral replication through their effects on host proteins or pathways. To test this, we performed a high-content screen for miRNAs that inhibit the replication of three medically relevant members of the flavivirus family: West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and dengue virus 2. The results of this screen identify multiple miRNAs that inhibit one or more of these viruses. Extensive follow-up on members of the miR-34 family of miRNAs, which are active against all three viruses as well as the closely related Zika virus, demonstrated that miR-34 functions through increasing the infected cell's ability to respond to infection through the interferon-based innate immune pathway. Our results not only add to the knowledge of how viruses interact with cellular pathways but also provide a basis for more extensive data mining by providing a comprehensive list of miRNAs capable of inhibiting flavivirus replication. Finally, the miRNAs themselves or cellular pathways identified as modulating virus infection may prove to be novel candidates for the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Zhou X, Xian D, Xia J, Tang Y, Li W, Chen X, Zhou Z, Lu D, Feng X. MicroRNA-34c is regulated by p53 and is involved in sevoflurane-induced apoptosis in the developing rat brain potentially via the mitochondrial pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2204-2212. [PMID: 28259954 PMCID: PMC5364873 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The commonly used inhalation anesthetic, sevoflurane, has been previously demonstrated to induce apoptosis in the developing brain; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve important roles in multiple physiological/pathological processes, such as cell death and survival. In the present study, the miRNA sequence that was most closely associated with sevoflurane‑induced apoptosis in the hippocampus of neonatal rat brains was identified. Seven‑day‑old Sprague Dawley rats were first exposed to 2.3% sevoflurane for 6 h. Hippocampal brain tissues were harvested at 6 h following sevoflurane exposure. Cleaved caspase‑3 levels were examined using an immunofluorescence assay. Alterations in miRNA expression were assessed by microarray analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of p53, phosphorylated (p)‑p53, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bax were assessed by western blot analysis. Sevoflurane exposure significantly increased the levels of cleaved caspase‑3 in the hippocampus. In addition, among the 688 miRNAs that were observed to be expressed in the hippocampus, sevoflurane exposure altered the expression levels of 266 miRNAs. Among these differentially expressed miRNAs, eight were significantly upregulated and one (miRNA‑34c) was significantly downregulated following sevoflurane exposure. Bioinformatics analyses indicated the miRNA‑34c was a direct downstream target of p53. Sevoflurane exposure induced significant alterations in the level of p‑p53, Bcl‑2 and Bax in the hippocampus of neonatal rats. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that miRNA‑34c may be regulated by p53 and is involved in sevoflurane‑induced neural apoptosis in the hippocampus of developing rat brains, potentially via the mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Dongfeng Xian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jiehua Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Anatomy, Zhong Shan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wenda Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Dihan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xia Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Fang Y, Zhang L, Li Z, Li Y, Huang C, Lu X. MicroRNAs in DNA Damage Response, Carcinogenesis, and Chemoresistance. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 333:1-49. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Cui L, Song J, Wu L, Cheng L, Chen A, Wang Y, Huang Y, Huang L. Role of Annexin A2 in the EGF-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human CaSki cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:377-383. [PMID: 28123570 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) signaling pathway is thought to have an important role in the development and progression of several carcinomas, as it is associated with cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Activation of EGF-R signaling regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated invasion and migration in normal and malignant epithelial cells. However, the specific mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. The present study utilized wound healing assays, western blotting, flow cytometry and MTT assays to demonstrate that Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a key regulatory factor in EGF-induced EMT in CaSki cervical cancer cells. Moreover, the increased expression levels of ANXA2 promoted cell viability and migration in human CaSki cells. It was also found that silencing ANXA2 partially reverses EGF-induced EMT and inhibits cell viability and migration in CaSki cells. These findings suggest that ANXA2 is a key regulator of EGF-induced EMT in CaSki cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Liting Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Luhui Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Yingdi Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Liming Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
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WNT1 Gene from WNT Signaling Pathway Is a Direct Target of miR-122 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:884-897. [PMID: 27687586 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an invasive form of hepatic cancer arising from the accumulation of multiple genetic alterations. In this study, the causal role of disturbed canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway was approved, and some of HCC-driven important gene candidates were determined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are the key regulators of important cancer genes, and their participation in tumorigenesis has been shown. By reviewing literature, WNT1 gene with functional significance was selected to approve miRNAs as new subjects for targeted therapy.For proper and fast miRNA detection and also confirmation of the role of bioinformatics in obtaining practical data, we benefited from different bioinformatics tools such as TargetScan, miRanda, and DIANA. In order to use an HCC model, we used HepG2 cell line. Luciferase assay was applied to assess the ability of the selected miRNAs in targeting WNT1 3'-UTR. To overexpress the selected miRNA in HepG2 cell line, viral construct was prepared. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to evaluate selected miRNA and target gene expression levels. miR-122 was selected according to data concerning various bioinformatics tools.miR-122 was downregulated and WNT1 gene expression was upregulated in HepG2 cell line. After viral construct transduction, miR-122 expression was elevated and WNT1 expression was notably declined. Finally, we introduced WNT1 gene as one of the important genes in HCC, and also, we showed that miR-122 can regulate WNT1 gene expression.Moreover, our study determines the potential of bioinformatics analyses in providing accurate and reliable data for miRNA: messenger RNA (mRNA) prediction.
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McCubrey JA, Rakus D, Gizak A, Steelman LS, Abrams SL, Lertpiriyapong K, Fitzgerald TL, Yang LV, Montalto G, Cervello M, Libra M, Nicoletti F, Scalisi A, Torino F, Fenga C, Neri LM, Marmiroli S, Cocco L, Martelli AM. Effects of mutations in Wnt/β-catenin, hedgehog, Notch and PI3K pathways on GSK-3 activity-Diverse effects on cell growth, metabolism and cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2942-2976. [PMID: 27612668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase that participates in an array of critical cellular processes. GSK-3 was first characterized as an enzyme that phosphorylated and inactivated glycogen synthase. However, subsequent studies have revealed that this moon-lighting protein is involved in numerous signaling pathways that regulate not only metabolism but also have roles in: apoptosis, cell cycle progression, cell renewal, differentiation, embryogenesis, migration, regulation of gene transcription, stem cell biology and survival. In this review, we will discuss the roles that GSK-3 plays in various diseases as well as how this pivotal kinase interacts with multiple signaling pathways such as: PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, Wnt/beta-catenin, hedgehog, Notch and TP53. Mutations that occur in these and other pathways can alter the effects that natural GSK-3 activity has on regulating these signaling circuits that can lead to cancer as well as other diseases. The novel roles that microRNAs play in regulation of the effects of GSK-3 will also be evaluated. Targeting GSK-3 and these other pathways may improve therapy and overcome therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
| | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Linda S Steelman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Steve L Abrams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Kvin Lertpiriyapong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Timothy L Fitzgerald
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Li V Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Aurora Scalisi
- Unit of Oncologic Diseases, ASP-Catania, Catania 95100, Italy
| | - Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Medical Oncology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section - Policlinico "G. Martino" - University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Park GB, Chung YH, Gong JH, Jin DH, Kim D. GSK-3β-mediated fatty acid synthesis enhances epithelial to mesenchymal transition of TLR4-activated colorectal cancer cells through regulation of TAp63. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2163-2172. [PMID: 27599658 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in cancer cells is a critical regulatory component of both cellular metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes via regulation of the β-catenin/E-cadherin and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. Lipogenesis of cancer cells also plays a critical role in survival and metastasis. We investigated the role of GSK-3β-mediated intracellular fatty acid synthesis to control EMT in TLR4-activated colorectal cancer cells and the underlying regulatory mechanism. Engagement of TLR4 with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in colon cancer cells promoted the induction of phosphorylated GSK-3β and related lipogenic enzymes as well as the expression of CD74, CD44 and macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF), but decreased expression of transcriptionally active p63 (TAp63). In addition, targeted inhibition of GSK-3β using SB216763 was accompanied by decreased intracellular fatty acid synthesis and blockage of CD74 and CD44 expression, whereas it reversed the level of TAp63. Although TAp63 overexpression had no effect on the expression of CD74 and CD44 in LPS-treated colon cancer cells, GSK-3β-dependent fatty acid synthesis and invasive activity were significantly suppressed. Notably, inhibition of CD44 or CD74 by siRNA not only attenuated de novo lipogenesis and migratory activity but also restored the expression of TAp63 in LPS-activated colon cancer cells. These results suggest that TAp63-mediated GSK-3β activation induced by TLR4 stimulation triggers migration and invasion of colon cancer cells through the regulation of lipid synthesis and GSK-3β-mediated CD74/CD44 expression could be a target to control fatty acid-related EMT process through the modulation of TAp63 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Bin Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Chung
- Department of Anatomy, Chung‑Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Gong
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Jin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
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45
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Wu CW, Peng ML, Yeh KT, Tsai YY, Chiang CC, Cheng YW. Inactivation of p53 in pterygium influence miR-200a expression resulting in ZEB1/ZEB2 up-regulation and EMT processing. Exp Eye Res 2016; 146:206-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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46
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Larrea E, Sole C, Manterola L, Goicoechea I, Armesto M, Arestin M, Caffarel MM, Araujo AM, Araiz M, Fernandez-Mercado M, Lawrie CH. New Concepts in Cancer Biomarkers: Circulating miRNAs in Liquid Biopsies. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050627. [PMID: 27128908 PMCID: PMC4881453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective and efficient management of cancer patients relies upon early diagnosis and/or the monitoring of treatment, something that is often difficult to achieve using standard tissue biopsy techniques. Biological fluids such as blood hold great possibilities as a source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers that can act as surrogate markers to biopsy-based sampling. The non-invasive nature of these “liquid biopsies” ultimately means that cancer detection may be earlier and that the ability to monitor disease progression and/or treatment response represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of cancer patients. Below, we review one of the most promising classes of circulating cancer biomarkers: microRNAs (miRNAs). In particular, we will consider their history, the controversy surrounding their origin and biology, and, most importantly, the hurdles that remain to be overcome if they are really to become part of future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Larrea
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Carla Sole
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Lorea Manterola
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Ibai Goicoechea
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Armesto
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Arestin
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María M Caffarel
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Angela M Araujo
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Araiz
- Hematology Department, Donostia Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | | | - Charles H Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
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Shi H, Xiao L, Duan W, He H, Ma L, Da M, Duan Y, Wang Q, Wu H, Song X, Hou Y. ANXA2 enhances the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via remodeling the cell motility associated structures. Micron 2016; 85:26-33. [PMID: 27060670 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the fifth most common malignancy worldwide. The detailed mechanism of signal regulation for HCC progression is still not known, and the high motility of cancer cells is known as a core property for cancer progression maintenance. Annexin A2 (ANXA2), a calcium-dependent phospholipids binding protein is highly expressed in HCC. To study the roles the excessively expressed ANXA2 during the progression of HCC, we inhibited the ANXA2 expression in SMMC-7721 cells using RNAi, followed by the analysis of cell growth, apoptosis and cell motility. To explore the relationship between the cell behaviors and its structures, the microstructure changes were observed under fluorescence microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. Our findings demonstrated that down-regulation of ANXA2 results in decreased the cell proliferation and motility, enhanced apoptosis, suppressed cell pseudopodia/filopodia, inhibited expression of F-actin and β-tubulin, and inhibited or depolymerized Lamin B. The cell contact inhibition was also analyzed in the paper. Take together, our results indicate that ANXA2 plays an important role to enhance the malignant behaviors of HCC cells, and the enhancement is closely based on its remodeling to cell structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Shi
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Huimin He
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Lele Ma
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Miaomiao Da
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Yan Duan
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Huayi Wu
- The High School Affiliated to Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xigui Song
- The High School Affiliated to Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yingchun Hou
- Co-Innovation Center for Qinba Region's Sustainable Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China.
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MiR-3162-3p Is a Novel MicroRNA That Exacerbates Asthma by Regulating β-Catenin. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149257. [PMID: 26959414 PMCID: PMC4784915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease. In a previous study, we found several circulating microRNA signatures associated with childhood asthma and selected miR-3162-3p for subsequent studies. Since the target proteins and underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-3162-3p in asthma etiopathogenesis are not well characterized, we designed this study to clarify its role. We employed bioinformatics and quantitative PCR methods as a first step to determine the target of miR-3162-3p, and we elucidated β-catenin. Luciferase assays and western blot analysis confirmed β-catenin as a direct target of miR-3162-3p as the 3'-untranslated region of β-catenin mRNA possesses a specific miR-3162-3p pairing site. The correlation between the expression levels of miR-3162-3p and β-catenin is confirmed by quantitative PCR and western blot studies in A549, Beas-2B and H1299 cell lines and OVA-induced asthma mouse model. Of note, upregulation of the endogenous miR-3162-3p level is concomitant with the reduction of β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels. MiR-3162-3p antagomir treatment antagonizes the endogenous miR-3162-3p and effectively rescues the attenuation of endogenous β-catenin in OVA-induced asthmatic mice, which alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness and ameliorates airway inflammation. Collectively, our findings suggest a novel relationship between miR-3162-3p and β-catenin and clarify their mechanistic role in asthma etiopathogenesis.
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49
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Taylor S, Ominsky MS, Hu R, Pacheco E, He YD, Brown DL, Aguirre JI, Wronski TJ, Buntich S, Afshari CA, Pyrah I, Nioi P, Boyce RW. Time-dependent cellular and transcriptional changes in the osteoblast lineage associated with sclerostin antibody treatment in ovariectomized rats. Bone 2016; 84:148-159. [PMID: 26721737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of sclerostin with sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) has been shown to stimulate bone formation, decrease bone resorption, and increase bone mass in both animals and humans. To obtain insight into the temporal cellular and transcriptional changes in the osteoblast (OB) lineage associated with long-term Scl-Ab treatment, stereological and transcriptional analyses of the OB lineage were performed on lumbar vertebrae from aged ovariectomized rats. Animals were administered Scl-Ab 3 or 50mg/kg/wk or vehicle (VEH) for up to 26weeks (d183), followed by a treatment-free period (TFP). At 50mg/kg/wk, bone volume (BV/total volume [TV]) increased through d183 and declined during the TFP. Bone formation rate (BFR/bone surface [BS]) and total OB number increased through d29, then progressively declined, coincident with a decrease in total osteoprogenitor (OP) numbers from d29 through d183. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from microarray analysis of mRNA isolated from laser capture microdissection samples enriched for OB, lining cells, and osteocytes (OCy) revealed modules of genes that correlated with BFR/BS, BV/TV, and osteoblastic surface (Ob.S)/BS. Expression change of canonical Wnt target genes was similar in all three cell types at d8, including upregulation of Twist1 and Wisp1. At d29, the pattern of Wnt target gene expression changed in the OCy, with Twist1 returning to VEH level, sustained upregulation of Wisp1, and upregulation of several other Wnt targets that continued into the TFP. Predicted activation of pathways recognized to integrate with and regulate canonical Wnt signaling were also activated at d29 in the OCy. The most significantly affected pathways represented transcription factor signaling known to inhibit cell cycle progression (notably p53) and mitogenesis (notably c-Myc). These changes occurred at the time of peak BFR/BS and continued as BFR/BS declined during treatment, then trended toward VEH level in the TFP. Concurrent with this transcriptional switch was a reduction in OP numbers, an effect that would ultimately limit bone formation. This study confirms that the initial transcriptional response in response to Scl-Ab is activation of canonical Wnt signaling and the data demonstrate that there is induction of additional regulatory pathways in OCy with long-term treatment. The interactions between Wnt and p53/c-Myc signaling may be key in limiting OP populations, thus contributing to self-regulation of bone formation with continued Scl-Ab administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Taylor
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Michael S Ominsky
- Department of CardioMetabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Efrain Pacheco
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Yudong D He
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | | | - J Ignacio Aguirre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas J Wronski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sabina Buntich
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia A Afshari
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Ian Pyrah
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Paul Nioi
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Rogely Waite Boyce
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
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50
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Zhu MY, Zhang W, Yang T. Diverse microRNAs with convergent functions regulate tumorigenesis. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:915-920. [PMID: 26893668 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.4020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate several biological processes, including tumorigenesis. In order to comprehend the roles of miRNAs in cancer, various screens were performed to investigate the changes in the expression levels of miRNAs that occur in different types of cancer. The present review focuses on the results of five recent screens, whereby a number of overlapping miRNAs were identified to be downregulated or differentially regulated, whereas no miRNAs were observed to be frequently upregulated. Furthermore, the majority of the miRNAs that were common to >1 screen were involved in signaling networks, including wingless-related integration site, receptor tyrosine kinase and transforming growth factor-β, or in cell cycle checkpoint control. The present review will discuss the aforementioned miRNAs implicated in cell cycle checkpoint control and signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yan Zhu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050200, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
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