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Jin H, Lin Z, Pang T, Wu J, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Lei Y, Li Q, Yao X, Zhao M, Lu Q. Effects and mechanisms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in inflammatory skin diseases. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171492. [PMID: 38458465 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of multiple benzene rings. They are ubiquitously found in the natural environment, especially in environmental pollutants, including atmospheric particulate matter, cigarette smoke, barbecue smoke, among others. PAHs can influence human health through several mechanisms, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway, oxidative stress pathway, and epigenetic pathway. In recent years, the impact of PAHs on inflammatory skin diseases has garnered significant attention, yet many of their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We conducted a comprehensive review of articles focusing on the link between PAHs and several inflammatory skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, and acne. This review summarizes the effects and mechanisms of PAHs in these diseases and discusses the prospects and potential therapeutic implications of PAHs for inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyuan Lin
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyi Pang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingwen Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qilin Li
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Yao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, China; Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Dermatology, Nanjing, China.
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Rudyak SG, Usakin LA, Tverye EA, Robertson ED, Panteleyev AA. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor is regulated via multiple mechanisms in human keratinocytes. Toxicol Lett 2023:S0378-4274(23)00185-6. [PMID: 37217010 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor activated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of synthetic and natural origin. While a number of novel AhR ligands have been recently identified, little is known about their possible influence on AhR levels and stability. We used western blot, qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry to determine the effects of AhR ligands on AhR expression in N-TERT (N-TERT1) immortalized human keratinocytes, and immunohistochemistry to assess patterns of AhR expression in human and mouse skin and skin appendages. While AhR was highly expressed in cultured keratinocytes and in the skin, it was found primarily in the cytoplasm, but not in the nucleus, suggesting its inactivity. At the same time, treatment of N-TERT cells with proteasomal inhibitor MG132 and eventual inhibition of AhR degradation resulted in nuclear AhR accumulation. Treatment of keratinocytes with AhR ligands such as TCDD, FICZ, caused near-complete disappearance of AhR, and treatment with I3C resulted in substantially diminished level of AhR possibly due to ligand-induced AhR degradation. The AhR decay was blocked by proteasome inhibition, indicating degradation-based mechanism of regulation. Additionally, AhR decay was blocked by ligand-selective AhR antagonist CH223191, implying substrate-induced mechanism of degradation. Furthermore, degradation of AhR was blocked in N-TERT cells with knockdown of AhR dimerization partner ARNT (HIF1β), suggesting that ARNT is required for AhR proteolysis. However, addition of hypoxia mimetics (HIF1 pathway activators) CoCl2 and DMOG had only minor effects on degradation of AhR. Additionally, inhibition of HDACs with Trichostatin A resulted in enhanced expression of AhR in both untreated and ligand-treated cells. These results demonstrate that in immortalized epidermal keratinocytes AhR is primarily regulated post-translationally via proteasome-mediated degradation, and suggest potential means to manipulate AhR levels and signaling in the skin. Overall, the AhR is regulated via multiple mechanisms, including proteasomal ligand- and ARNT-dependent degradation, and transcriptional regulation by HDACs, implying complex system of balancing its expression and protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Rudyak
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - L A Usakin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Tverye
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A A Panteleyev
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia; A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
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3
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Carlson LM, Christensen K, Sagiv SK, Rajan P, Klocke CR, Lein PJ, Coffman E, Shaffer RM, Yost EE, Arzuaga X, Factor-Litvak P, Sergeev A, Toborek M, Bloom MS, Trgovcich J, Jusko TA, Robertson L, Meeker JD, Keating AF, Blain R, Silva RA, Snow S, Lin C, Shipkowski K, Ingle B, Lehmann GM. A systematic evidence map for the evaluation of noncancer health effects and exposures to polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115148. [PMID: 36580985 PMCID: PMC10013199 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Assessing health outcomes associated with exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is important given their persistent and ubiquitous nature. PCBs are classified as a Group 1 carcinogen, but the full range of potential noncancer health effects from exposure to PCBs has not been systematically summarized and evaluated. We used systematic review methods to identify and screen the literature using combined manual review and machine learning approaches. A protocol was developed that describes the literature search strategy and Populations, Exposures, Comparators, and Outcomes (PECO) criteria used to facilitate subsequent screening and categorization of literature into a systematic evidence map of PCB exposure and noncancer health endpoints across 15 organs/systems. A comprehensive literature search yielded 62,599 records. After electronic prioritization steps, 17,037 studies were manually screened at the title and abstract level. An additional 900 studies identified by experts or supplemental searches were also included. After full-text screening of 3889 references, 1586 studies met the PECO criteria. Relevant study details such as the endpoints assessed, exposure duration, and species were extracted into literature summary tables. This review compiles and organizes the human and mammalian studies from these tables into an evidence map for noncancer health endpoints and PCB mixture exposure to identify areas of robust research as well as areas of uncertainty that would benefit from future investigation. Summary data are available online as interactive visuals with downloadable metadata. Sufficient research is available to inform PCB hazard assessments for most organs/systems, but the amount of data to inform associations with specific endpoints differs. Furthermore, despite many years of research, sparse data exist for inhalation and dermal exposures, which are highly relevant human exposure routes. This evidence map provides a foundation for future systematic reviews and noncancer hazard assessments of PCB mixtures and for strategic planning of research to inform areas of greater uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Carlson
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
| | - Krista Christensen
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
| | - Sharon K Sagiv
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | | | - Carolyn R Klocke
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Evan Coffman
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
| | - Rachel M Shaffer
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
| | - Erin E Yost
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
| | - Xabier Arzuaga
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Todd A Jusko
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | | | | | - Aileen F Keating
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Kelly Shipkowski
- ICF, Fairfax, VA, Currently at National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, USA.
| | - Brandall Ingle
- ICF, Fairfax, VA, Currently at US Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
| | - Geniece M Lehmann
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, USA.
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Zouboulis CC, Coenye T, He L, Kabashima K, Kobayashi T, Niemann C, Nomura T, Oláh A, Picardo M, Quist SR, Sasano H, Schneider MR, Törőcsik D, Wong SY. Sebaceous immunobiology - skin homeostasis, pathophysiology, coordination of innate immunity and inflammatory response and disease associations. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1029818. [PMID: 36439142 PMCID: PMC9686445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1029818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents several aspects of the innovative concept of sebaceous immunobiology, which summarizes the numerous activities of the sebaceous gland including its classical physiological and pathophysiological tasks, namely sebum production and the development of seborrhea and acne. Sebaceous lipids, which represent 90% of the skin surface lipids in adolescents and adults, are markedly involved in the skin barrier function and perifollicular and dermal innate immune processes, leading to inflammatory skin diseases. Innovative experimental techniques using stem cell and sebocyte models have clarified the roles of distinct stem cells in sebaceous gland physiology and sebocyte function control mechanisms. The sebaceous gland represents an integral part of the pilosebaceous unit and its status is connected to hair follicle morphogenesis. Interestingly, professional inflammatory cells contribute to sebocyte differentiation and homeostasis, whereas the regulation of sebaceous gland function by immune cells is antigen-independent. Inflammation is involved in the very earliest differentiation changes of the pilosebaceous unit in acne. Sebocytes behave as potent immune regulators, integrating into the innate immune responses of the skin. Expressing inflammatory mediators, sebocytes also contribute to the polarization of cutaneous T cells towards the Th17 phenotype. In addition, the immune response of the perifollicular infiltrate depends on factors produced by the sebaceous glands, mostly sebaceous lipids. Human sebocytes in vitro express functional pattern recognition receptors, which are likely to interact with bacteria in acne pathogenesis. Sex steroids, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands, neuropeptides, endocannabinoids and a selective apoptotic process contribute to a complex regulation of sebocyte-induced immunological reaction in numerous acquired and congenital skin diseases, including hair diseases and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Dessau, Germany
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Innate Immune Systems, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Catherin Niemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, CMMC Research Institute, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Attila Oláh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mauro Picardo
- San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sven R. Quist
- Department of Dermatology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Marlon R. Schneider
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Törőcsik
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen and ELKH-DE Allergology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sunny Y. Wong
- Departments of Dermatology and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Lucas A, Herrmann S, Lucas M. The role of endocrine-disrupting phthalates and bisphenols in cardiometabolic disease: the evidence is mounting. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2022; 29:87-94. [PMID: 35034036 PMCID: PMC8915988 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is substantive and accumulating evidence that endemic exposure to plastic-associated chemicals (PACs) contribute to the pathophysiology of metabolic conditions, like obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. The consequences of this endemic exposure in inducing a pro-inflammatory state in adipose tissues as a critical link between exposure and disease is reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS In general, PACs are classified as nonpersistent in vivo because of their rapid metabolism to easily excreted forms. The parental chemicals, however, are typically lipophilic, with the potential to bioaccumulate. Recent data from selected association studies suggest exposure to PACs drive predisease states like obesity and inflammation of the adipose tissues. A range of experimental studies are discussed with a focus on biological mechanisms that are susceptible to the influence of PACs and which may promote metabolic disease, the detection of PACs within susceptible tissues and biological effects that are detectable at doses that correspond to real-life exposures to these chemicals. SUMMARY If we hypothesize the toxic pressure from chronic exposure to PACs will progress disease processes, then individuals with comprehensively characterized indicators of premetabolic disease could undergo trials of quantifiable interventions to reduce exposure to PACs to test if the trajectory of disease-associated analytes, is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michaela Lucas
- Medical School, University of Western Australia
- Department of Immunology, PathWest and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
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Passeron T, Krutmann J, Andersen ML, Katta R, Zouboulis CC. Clinical and biological impact of the exposome on the skin. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 34 Suppl 4:4-25. [PMID: 32677068 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The skin exposome is defined as the totality of environmental exposures over the life course that can induce or modify various skin conditions. Here, we review the impact on the skin of solar exposure, air pollution, hormones, nutrition and psychological factors. Photoageing, photocarcinogenesis and pigmentary changes are well-established consequences of chronic exposure of the skin to solar radiation. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution contributes to skin ageing. Particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide cause skin pigmentation/lentigines, while ozone causes wrinkles and has an impact on atopic eczema. Human skin is a major target of hormones, and they exhibit a wide range of biological activities on the skin. Hormones decline with advancing age influencing skin ageing. Nutrition has an impact on numerous biochemical processes, including oxidation, inflammation and glycation, which may result in clinical effects, including modification of the course of skin ageing and photoageing. Stress and lack of sleep are known to contribute to a pro-inflammatory state, which, in turn, affects the integrity of extracellular matrix proteins, in particular collagen. Hormone dysregulation, malnutrition and stress may contribute to inflammatory skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne and rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Passeron
- Côte d'Azur University, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Centre Nice, Nice, France.,Côte d'Azur University, INSERM U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - J Krutmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Medical faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M L Andersen
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)/Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Katta
- Volunteer Clinical Faculty, Baylor College of Medicine, McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Dessau, Germany
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Ma Y, Cao X, Zhang L, Zhang JY, Qiao ZS, Feng WL. Neuropathy and chloracne induced by 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-ol sodium: Report of three cases. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:1079-1086. [PMID: 33644170 PMCID: PMC7896668 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i5.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloracne is a rare skin condition that is caused by systemic exposure to halogenated aromatic compounds. The main characteristic of chloracne is blackhead, and in severe cases, it can be accompanied by systemic symptoms. Sodium 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-ol (STCP) is a necessary precursor compound for the production of chlorpyrifos and triclopyr, which are extensively used as a pesticide and herbicide, respectively. STCP is also a chlorophenol that has been associated with chloracne. STCP poisoning could induce mild myelin sheath damage. We herein report three cases with chloracne due to exposure to STCP.
CASE SUMMARY Three young men, aged 29, 33, and 26 years, respectively, in the same workplace had polymorphic skin lesions, characterized mainly by comedones and cysts, and one of them also had acne like lesions in the genital area. These clinical manifestations appeared when they were exposed to STCP for 3 d, 1 wk, and 2 wk, respectively. Among them, polyneuropathy and liver damage occurred. We performed dermoscopy and clinical and laboratory tests on these patients. Additionally, histopathology was used for further diagnosis in the serious patient. These patients were diagnosed with chloracne and separated from STCP. The patients were prescribed oral viaminate capsules, topical adapalene gel, and regular hematologic follow-up for aspartate transaminase and lipids. They are still under follow-up. There was no new lesions and the laboratory tests returned to normal in two patients. Pigmentation and shallow scars remained in the original areas of papules. However, in the most serious patient, new papules still appeared intermittently. All these remind us that the treatment of chloracne caused by STCP is difficult, and we should attach great importance to this new compound related with the neuropathy and chloracne.
CONCLUSION STCP is becoming a new chemical product to induce chloracne, which should attract the attention of all medical professionals, especially dermatologists. Due to the lack of knowledge on the new chemical, the diagnosis of chloracne cannot be made in time. Chloracne still deserves our attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jin-Yu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Zu-Sha Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Li Feng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
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8
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Zouboulis CC. Endocrinology and immunology of acne: Two sides of the same coin. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:840-859. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology Dessau Medical Center Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg Dessau Germany
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Acne in the first three decades of life: An update of a disorder with profound implications for all decades of life. Dis Mon 2020; 67:101103. [PMID: 33041056 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2020.101103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a chronic, inflammatory, skin condition that involves the pilosebaceous follicles and is influenced by a variety of factors including genetics, androgen-stimulation of sebaceous glands with abnormal keratinization, colonization with Cutibacterium acnes (previously called Propionibacterium acnes), and pathological immune response to inflammation. Acne can occur at all ages and this discussion focuses on the first three decades of life. Conditions that are part of the differential diagnosis and/or are co-morbid with acne vulgaris are also considered. Acne in the first year of life includes neonatal acne (acne neonatorum) that presents in the first four weeks of life and infantile acne that usually presents between 3 and 6 months of the first year of life with a range of 3 to 16 months after birth. Acne rosacea is a chronic, inflammatory, skin condition that is distinct from acne vulgaris, typically presents in adults, and has four main types: erythemato-telangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous and ocular. Treatment options for acne vulgaris include topical retinoids, topical benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics (topical, oral), oral contraceptive pills, isotretinoin, and others. Management must consider the increasing impact of antibiotic resistance in the 21st century. Psychological impact of acne can be quite severe and treatment of acne includes awareness of the potential emotional toll this disease may bring to the person with acne as well as assiduous attention to known side effects of various anti-acne medications (topical and systemic). Efforts should be directed at preventing acne-caused scars and depigmentation on the skin as well as emotional scars within the person suffering from acne.
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Yang J, Yang H, Xu A, He L. A Review of Advancement on Influencing Factors of Acne: An Emphasis on Environment Characteristics. Front Public Health 2020; 8:450. [PMID: 33042936 PMCID: PMC7527424 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acne vulgaris is known as a commonly-seen skin disease with a considerable impact on the quality of life. At present, there have been a growing number of epidemiological, medical, demographic and sociological researches focusing on various influencing factors in the occurrence of acne. Nevertheless, the correlation between environmental factors and acne has yet to be fully investigated. Objective: To assess the impacts of individual, natural and social environmental factors on acne and to construct a framework for the potential impact of built environment on acne. Methods: A thorough review was conducted into the published social demographical, epidemiological, and environmental studies on acne through PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science, with reference made to the relevant literature. Results: The influencing factors in acne are classed into four major categories. The first one includes individual socio-economic and biological factors, for example, gender, age, economic level, heredity, obesity, skin type, menstrual cycle (for females), diet, smoking, cosmetics products, electronic products, sleep quality and psychological factors. The second one includes such natural environmental factors as temperature, humidity, sun exposure, air pollution and chloracne. The third one relates to social environment, including social network and social media. The last one includes built environmental factors, for example, population density, food stores, green spaces, as well as other built environment characteristics for transport. Acne can be affected negatively by family history, overweight, obesity, oily or mixed skin, irregular menstrual cycles, sugary food, greasy food, dairy products, smoking, the improper use of cosmetics, the long-term use of electronics, the poor quality of sleep, stress, high temperature, sun exposure, air pollution, mineral oils and halogenated hydrocarbons. Apart from that, there are also potential links between built environment and acne. Conclusions: It is necessary to determine the correlation between the built environment and acne based on the understanding of the impact of traditional factors (sociology of population and environment) on acne gained by multidisciplinary research teams. Moreover, more empirical studies are required to reveal the specific relationship between built environment and acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Yang
- The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haoran Yang
- The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aie Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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11
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The Henna pigment Lawsone activates the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and impacts skin homeostasis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10878. [PMID: 31350436 PMCID: PMC6659674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a first host barrier, the skin is constantly exposed to environmental insults that perturb its integrity. Tight regulation of skin homeostasis is largely controlled by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Here, we demonstrate that Henna and its major pigment, the naphthoquinone Lawsone activate AhR, both in vitro and in vivo. In human keratinocytes and epidermis equivalents, Lawsone exposure enhances the production of late epidermal proteins, impacts keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation, and regulates skin inflammation. To determine the potential use of Lawsone for therapeutic application, we harnessed human, murine and zebrafish models. In skin regeneration models, Lawsone interferes with physiological tissue regeneration and inhibits wound healing. Conversely, in a human acute dermatitis model, topical application of a Lawsone-containing cream ameliorates skin irritation. Altogether, our study reveals how a widely used natural plant pigment is sensed by the host receptor AhR, and how the physiopathological context determines beneficial and detrimental outcomes.
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12
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Puschner B, Gallego SM. Chemical hazards associated with milk and dairy. CHEMICAL HAZARDS IN FOODS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/978-90-8686-877-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Puschner
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 149 Briggs Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Steven M. Gallego
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Animal Health and Food Safety Services, 2135 Civic Center Drive, Redding, CA 96001, USA
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13
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Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): Environmental Fate, Challenges and Bioremediation. MICROORGANISMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7462-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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14
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Leijs MM, Esser A, Amann PM, Schettgen T, Gube M, Merk HF, Kraus T, Baron JM. Hyperpigmentation and higher incidence of cutaneous malignancies in moderate-high PCB- and dioxin exposed individuals. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 164:221-228. [PMID: 29501832 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are well known persistent and toxic environmental pollutants. Our aim was to identify effects of moderate-high exposure to dioxin-like (dl) and non-dioxin-like (ndl)-PCBs on the skin in order to provide more insight in the pathophysiological effects of these compounds. We performed a dermatological examination on 92 former workers from a transformer recycling company with known elevated serum PCB and/or dioxin (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furan (PCDD/F)) levels. In addition, we performed a skin cancer screening over a period of seven years (2010-2016) on resp. 268, 271, 210, 149, 92, 129 and 79 participants. We found a higher incidence of acne and malignancies of the skin (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and mycosis fungoides) in the workers compared to normal population. The probability of having hyperpigmentation on the skin was statistically significantly higher in workers with higher sumPCBs- (OR:1.09(1.12-2.17)), dioxin-like (dl)-PCBs- (OR:1.56(1.12-2.17)) and dioxin (PCDD/Fs) (OR:1.09(1.02-1.16)) levels. Age was a confounding factor in this model. Formation of hyperpigmentation could be an indicator for (moderate-high) exposure to toxic compounds like PCBs. The higher incidence of cutaneous malignancies found in the workers might be associated with PCB- and dioxin exposure, warranting further investigation on larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marike M Leijs
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - André Esser
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Philipp M Amann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, SLK Hospital Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Thomas Schettgen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Monika Gube
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans F Merk
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Kraus
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jens M Baron
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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15
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Hardesty JE, Al-Eryani L, Wahlang B, Falkner KC, Shi H, Jin J, Vivace BJ, Ceresa BP, Prough RA, Cave MC. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Disruption by Endocrine and Metabolic Disrupting Chemicals. Toxicol Sci 2018; 162:622-634. [PMID: 29329451 PMCID: PMC5888991 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify an environmentally relevant shared receptor target for endocrine and metabolism disrupting chemical pollutants. A feature of the tested chemicals was that they induced Cyp2b10 in vivo implicating activation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Recent studies suggest that these compounds could be indirect CAR activators via epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition. Assays included a CAR activity reporter assay, EGF endocytosis assay, and EGFR phosphorylation assay. Docking simulations were used to identify putative binding sites for environmental chemicals on the EGFR. Whole-weight and lipid-adjusted serum mean pollutant exposures were determined using data from the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) and compared with the IC50 values determined in vitro. Chlordane, trans-nonachlor, PCB-126, PCB-153, and atrazine were the most potent EGFR inhibitors tested. PCB-126, PCB-153, and trans-nonachlor appeared to be competitive EGFR antagonists as they displaced bound EGF from EGFR. However, atrazine acted through a different mechanism and could be an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. EGFR inhibition relative effect potencies were determined for these compounds. In NHANES, serum concentrations of trans-nonachlor, PCB-126, and PCB-153 greatly exceeded their calculated IC50 values. A common mechanism of action through EGFR inhibition for three diverse classes of metabolic disrupting chemicals was characterized by measuring inhibition of EGFR phosphorylation and EGF-EGFR endocytosis. Based on NHANES data, EGFR inhibition may be an environmentally relevant mode of action for some PCBs, pesticides, and herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Banrida Wahlang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - K Cameron Falkner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | | | - Jian Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
| | - Brad J Vivace
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | | | | | - Matthew C Cave
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- The Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40206
- The Jewish Hospital Liver Transplant Program, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
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16
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Dréno B, Bettoli V, Araviiskaia E, Sanchez Viera M, Bouloc A. The influence of exposome on acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:812-819. [PMID: 29377341 PMCID: PMC5947266 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is one of the main reasons for dermatological consultations. Severity and response to treatment may be impacted by various external factors or exposome. AIM To assess the impact of environmental factors on acne and to provide a comprehensive overview of the acne exposome. METHODS Two consensus meetings of five European dermatologists and a comprehensive literature search on exposome factors triggering acne served as a basis for this review. RESULTS Acne exposome was defined as the sum of all environmental factors influencing the occurrence, duration and severity of acne. Exposome factors impact on the response and the frequency of relapse to treatments by interacting with the skin barrier, sebaceous gland, innate immunity and cutaneous microbiota. They may be classified into the following six main categories: nutrition, psychological and lifestyle factors, occupational factors including cosmetics, as well as pollutants, medication and climatic factors. Moreover, practical considerations for the dermatologist's clinical practice are proposed. CONCLUSION Exposome factors including nutrition, medication, occupational factors, pollutants, climatic factors, and psychosocial and lifestyle factors may impact on the course and severity of acne and on treatment efficacy. Identifying and reducing the impact of exposome is important for an adequate acne disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Dréno
- Service de Dermatologie, CIC 1413, CRCINA Inserm 1232, University Hospital Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - V Bettoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Araviiskaia
- Department of Dermatology, First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Sanchez Viera
- Skin Health, Aging and Cancer, Institute for Dermatology, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Bouloc
- Laboratoires Vichy, Levallois Perret, France
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17
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Das DN, Panda PK, Sinha N, Mukhopadhyay S, Naik PP, Bhutia SK. DNA damage by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced p53-mediated apoptosis through activation of cytochrome P450/aryl hydrocarbon receptor. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 55:175-185. [PMID: 28886471 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) is a persistent and ubiquitous environmental contaminant that causes a wide variety of deleterious effects. In this study, the DNA damage and apoptotic activity induced by TCDD was examined using in silico and in vitro approaches. In silico study showed that conformational changes and energies involved in the binding of TCDD to cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) were crucial for its target proteins. Moreover, activated TCDD had high affinity to bind with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), with a binding energy of -564.7 Kcal/mol. Further, TCDD-CYP1B1 complex showed strong binding affinity for caspase 3, showing a binding energy of -518.5 Kcal/mol, and the docking of caspase inhibitors in the complex showed weak interaction with low binding energy as compared to TCDD-CYP1B1 caspase complexes. Interestingly, TCDD-induced apoptosis was significantly suppressed in Ac-DEVD-CMK-pretreated cells. The DNA damage activity of TCDD was quantified by comet tail formation and γ-H2AX foci formation in HaCaT cells. The role of CYP1B1 and AhR in DNA damage and apoptosis was demonstrated, and clotrimazole as well as knockdown of CYP1B1 and AhR could inhibit TCDD activation and suppress DNA damage followed by apoptosis in HaCaT cells. Moreover, TCDD increased expression of p53 and PUMA and our data showed that TCDD induced DNA damage followed by p53-mediated apoptosis. This study highlights the critical role of CYP1B1 and AhR in TCDD activity and proposes that inhibition of these key molecules might serve as a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of allergy and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Nandini Das
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Prashanta Kumar Panda
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika Sinha
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Subhadip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Prajna Parimita Naik
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Sujit K Bhutia
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India.
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18
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Liu Q, Wu J, Song J, Liang P, Zheng K, Xiao G, Liu L, Zouboulis CC, Lei T. Particulate matter 2.5 regulates lipid synthesis and inflammatory cytokine production in human SZ95 sebocytes. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1029-1036. [PMID: 28849137 PMCID: PMC5593471 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence indicates that particulate matter (PM)2.5 is associated with various negative effects on human health. However, the impact and molecular mechanism of PM2.5 on the skin have not been elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of two types of PM2.5 [water-soluble extracts (W-PM2.5) and non-water-soluble extracts (NW-PM2.5)] on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, lipid synthesis, and inflammatory cytokine production of human SZ95 sebocytes. The results demonstrated that NW-PM2.5 and W-PM2.5 exposure dose-dependently inhibited SZ95 sebocyte proliferation by inducing G1 cell arrest. Furthermore, NW-PM2.5 and W-PM2.5 significantly reduced sebaceous lipid synthesis and markedly promoted the production of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-6 and IL-8 in SZ95 sebocytes. Additionally, the expression of aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor (AhR), AhR nuclear translocator protein (ARNT), as well as cytochrome P450 1A1 were significantly increased following PM2.5 exposure. Thus, these findings indicate that PM2.5 exerts inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and lipid synthesis, and stimulatory effects on inflammatory cytokine production and AhR signaling activation in human SZ95 sebocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jiquan Song
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Pin Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Kaiping Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Guifeng Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Lanting Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Theodore Fontane Medical University of Brandenburg, Dessau D-06847, Germany
| | - Tiechi Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Crivellari I, Sticozzi C, Belmonte G, Muresan XM, Cervellati F, Pecorelli A, Cavicchio C, Maioli E, Zouboulis CC, Benedusi M, Cervellati C, Valacchi G. SRB1 as a new redox target of cigarette smoke in human sebocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 102:47-56. [PMID: 27865981 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
For its critical location, the skin represents the major interface between the body and the environment, therefore is one of the major biological barriers against the outdoor environmental stressors. Among the several oxidative environmental stressors, cigarette smoke (CS) has been associated with the development and worsening of many skin pathologies such as acne, dermatitis, delayed wound healing, aging and skin cancer. In our previous work we have demonstrated that CS is able to affect genes involved in skin cholesterol trafficking, among which SRB1, a receptor involved in the uptake of cholesterol from HDL, seems to be very susceptible to the oxidative stress induced by CS. In the present work we wanted to investigate the presence of SRB1 in human sebocytes and whether CS can affect cholesterol cellular uptake via the redox modulation of SRB1. By using a co-culture system of keratinocytes/sebocytes, we found that CS exposure induced a SRB1 protein loss without affecting sebocytes viability. The decrease of SRB1 levels was a consequence of SRB1/HNE adducts formation that leads to SRB1 ubiquitination and degradation. Moreover, the CS-induced loss of SRB1 induced an alteration of sebocytes lipid content, also demonstrated by cholesterol quantification in SRB1 siRNA experiments. In conclusion, exposure to CS, induced SRB1 post-translational modifications in sebocytes and this might affect sebocytes/skin functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Crivellari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudia Sticozzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ximena M Muresan
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Cavicchio
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Maioli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Dessau, Germany
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Caroline State University, NC Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
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Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous compounds that have the ability to disrupt the production and actions of hormones through direct or indirect interaction with hormone receptors, thus acting as agonists or antagonists. Human health is affected after either individual occupation or dietary and environmental exposure to EDCs. On the other hand, skin is one of the largest organs of the body and its main function is protection from noxious substances. EDCs perturb the endocrine system, and they are also carcinogenic, immunotoxic, and hepatotoxic to human skin. In addition, their effects on keratinocytes, melanocytes, sebocytes, inflammatory and immunological cells, and skin stem cells produce inflammatory and allergic skin diseases, chloracne, disorders of skin pigmentation, skin cancer, and skin aging. Mechanisms, which EDCs use to induce these skin disorders are complicated, and involve the interference of endogenous hormones and most importantly the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signal pathway. Further studies on EDCs and skin diseases are necessary to elucidate these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ju
- Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Auenweg 38, 06847, Dessau, Germany.
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21
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Patterson AT, Tian FT, Elston DM, Kaffenberger BH. Occluded Cigarette Smoke Exposure Causing Localized Chloracne-Like Comedones. Dermatology 2015; 231:322-5. [PMID: 26360246 DOI: 10.1159/000439046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many environmental acne disorders, including chloracne and oil acne, were previously thought to occur predominantly in occupational settings following polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure. Cigarette smoke has also been shown to contain a large number of these toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon components and strictly correlates with noninflammatory acneiform lesion development in postadolescent patients. We report a case of localized open comedones associated with occluded cigarette smoke exposure near the nasal cavity due to infrequently changed gauze following rhinectomy. The dermal uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon components in cigarette smoke has the potential to function as a contributing factor in chloracne development. Several of these environmental and noninflammatory acne subtypes may share a common molecular propensity for enhanced comedogenesis originating from aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway effects in the skin. Additional studies are needed to further elucidate the exact mechanistic pathways through which tobacco smoke impacts the integumentary system.
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22
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Abstract
The Korean list of occupational skin diseases was amended in July 2013. The past list was constructed according to the causative agent and the target organ, and the items of that list had not been reviewed for a long period. The revised list was reconstructed to include diseases classified by the International Classification of Diseases (10th version). Therefore, the items of compensable occupational skin diseases in the amended list in Korea comprise contact dermatitis; chemical burns; Stevens-Johnson syndrome; tar-related skin diseases; infectious skin diseases; skin injury-induced cellulitis; and skin conditions resulting from physical factors such as heat, cold, sun exposure, and ionized radiation. This list will be more practical and convenient for physicians and workers because it follows a disease-based approach. The revised list is in accordance with the International Labor Organization list and is refined according to Korean worker's compensation and the actual occurrence of occupational skin diseases. However, this revised list does not perfectly reflect the actual status of skin diseases because of the few cases of occupational skin diseases, incomplete statistics of skin diseases, and insufficient scientific evidence. Thus, the list of occupational diseases should be modified periodically on the basis of recent evidence and statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Soo Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun-chul Ryou
- Teo Center of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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23
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Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is best known for its role in resistance to oxidant stress. In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Nrf2-prolonged genetic activation is shown with devastating effects on skin homeostasis. The study provides novel molecular insights into poison-induced chloracne and metabolizing acquired dioxin-induced skin hamartomas or MADISH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguan S Tan
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore
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24
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AhR signalling and dioxin toxicity. Toxicol Lett 2013; 230:225-33. [PMID: 24239782 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Dioxins are a family of molecules associated to several industrial accidents such as Ludwigshafen in 1953 or Seveso in 1976, to the Agent Orange used during the war of Vietnam, and more recently to the poisoning of the former president of Ukraine, Victor Yushchenko. These persistent organic pollutants are by-products of industrial activity and bind to an intracellular receptor, AhR, with a high potency. In humans, exposure to dioxins, in particular 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces a cutaneous syndrome known as chloracne, consisting in the development of many small skin lesions (hamartoma), lasting for 2-5 years. Although TCDD has been classified by the WHO as a human carcinogen, its carcinogenic potential to humans is not clearly demonstrated. It was first believed that AhR activation accounted for most, if not all, biological properties of dioxins. However, certain AhR agonists found in vegetables do not induce chloracne, and other chemicals, in particular certain therapeutic agents, may induce a chloracne-like syndrome without activating AhR. It is time to rethink the mechanism of dioxin toxicity and analyse in more details the biological events following exposure to these compounds and other AhR agonists, some of which have a very different chemical structure than TCDD. In particular various food-containing AhR agonists are non-toxic and may on the contrary have beneficial properties to human health.
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