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González-Arostegui LG, Muñoz-Prieto A, Rubio CP, Cerón JJ, Bernal L, Rubić I, Mrljak V, González-Sánchez JC, Tvarijonaviciute A. Changes of the salivary and serum proteome in canine hypothyroidism. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2024; 86:106825. [PMID: 37980820 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, changes in salivary and serum proteome of dogs with hypothyroidism were studied using tandem mass tags (TMT) labelling and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Saliva and serum proteome from 10 dogs with hypothyroidism were compared with 10 healthy dogs. In saliva, a total of seven proteins showed significant changes between the two groups, being six downregulated and one upregulated, meanwhile, in serum, a total of six proteins showed significant changes, being five downregulated and one upregulated. The altered proteins reflected metabolic and immunologic changes, as well as, skin and coagulation alterations, and these proteins were not affected by gender. One of the proteins that were downregulated in saliva, lactate dehydrognease (LDH), was measured by a spectrophotometric assay in saliva samples from 42 dogs with hypothyroidism, 42 dogs with non-thyroid diseases and 46 healthy dogs. The activity of LDH was lower in the saliva of hypothyroid dogs when compared to non-thyroid diseased dogs and healthy controls. This study indicates that canine hypothyroidism can produce changes in the proteome of saliva and serum. These two sample types showed different variations in their proteins reflecting physiopathological changes that occur in this disease, mainly related to the immune system, metabolism, skin and coagulation. In addition, some of the proteins identified in this study, specially LDH in saliva, should be further explored as potential biomarkers of canine hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G González-Arostegui
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Muñoz-Prieto
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - C P Rubio
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - J J Cerón
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - L Bernal
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - I Rubić
- Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Mrljak
- Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J C González-Sánchez
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Tvarijonaviciute
- Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Cheng CW, Fang WF, Lin JD. Associations of serum keratin 1 with thyroid function and immunity in Graves' disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289345. [PMID: 38019813 PMCID: PMC10686460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) can cause enormous health burdens; however, trustworthy biomarkers in identifying the onset and progression of AITD are limited. In this study, we attempted to discover new potential serum biomarkers to discriminate AITD using mass spectrometry (MS). METHODS In the biomarker study cohort, 20 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 20 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and 20 healthy controls were enrolled for a liquid chromatographic-tandem MS assessment. A novel biomarker, keratin 1 (KRT1), was selected for further evaluation in the validation cohort, including 125 patients with GD, 34 patients with HT, and 77 controls. Relationships of serum KRT1 with AITD-related immunomodulatory cytokines were also analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). RESULTS In the MS analysis, KRT1 was the single marker overexpressed in GD, while it was underexpressed in HT. In the ELISA analysis of the validation cohort, KRT1 was consistently upregulated in GD, while it was not downregulated in HT. There were significant associations of KRT1 levels with thyroid function in GD, AITD, and overall subjects. Additionally, a significant association of KRT1 levels with thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TSHRAb) levels was observed. Moreover, there were significant associations of KRT1 with osteopontin (OPN) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) levels in GD. CONCLUSIONS Serum KRT1 levels were upregulated in GD and were associated with thyroid function and TSHRAb levels. Moreover, KRT1 was correlated with the BAFF and OPN levels in GD patients. Further molecular-based research to elucidate the role of KRT1 in the pathogenesis of AITD is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herb Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jiunn-Diann Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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3
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Kumari P, Kumar A, Yadav A, Gupta G, Gupta G, Shivagan DD, Bapna K. Chitosan-Based Highly Sensitive Viable Humidity Sensor for Human Health Monitoring. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:39511-39522. [PMID: 37901485 PMCID: PMC10601044 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a sustainable resistive-type humidity sensor based on chitosan (CS) film deposited on an interdigitated Ti/Au electrode coated SiO2 substrate using a simple drop cast approach for human health monitoring. The sensor revealed remarkably high sensitivity (5.8 MΩ/%RH), fast response/recovery time (21 s/25 s), low hysteresis (∼9.3%), excellent reversibility, wide detecting range (11-95% RH), and high selectivity toward water vapor. The calculated associated uncertainty at different %RH indicates the excellent repeatability and stable performance of the sensor. The developed sensor is tested for different human breath patterns, and it is found that the sensor can clearly distinguish between the variations in rate and depth of respiration patterns during normal, fast, deep, and nasal breathing and can monitor for apnea-like situations. The sensor is also utilized to perform noncontact skin humidity sensing. Overall, the developed CS film humidity sensor provides a viable approach for the detection of respiratory disorders and human health issues, detected by skin moisture, in a noninvasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvesh Kumari
- Temperature
and Humidity Metrology, CSIR- National Physical
Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Temperature
and Humidity Metrology, CSIR- National Physical
Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Aditya Yadav
- Sensor
Devices and Metrology, CSIR- National Physical
Laboratory, Dr. K. S.
Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Govind Gupta
- Sensor
Devices and Metrology, CSIR- National Physical
Laboratory, Dr. K. S.
Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Temperature
and Humidity Metrology, CSIR- National Physical
Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Dilip D. Shivagan
- Temperature
and Humidity Metrology, CSIR- National Physical
Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Komal Bapna
- Temperature
and Humidity Metrology, CSIR- National Physical
Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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4
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Amin MF, Zubair MS, Ammar M. A short review on the role of thyroxine in fast wound healing and tissue regeneration. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102115. [PMID: 37244096 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a multiplex interaction process that involves extracellular matrix, blood vessels, proteases, cytokines, and chemokine. So far, a number of studies have been performed to understand the basis of the wound-healing process and multiple wound-healing products have been designed. However, significant morbidity and mortality incidents still occurred due to poor wound healing. Thus, there is a dire need to understand the effects of topical applications of various therapeutic options that lead to fast wound healing. Thyroxine is one great panacea for wound healing that has been vigorously mooted throughout the years but a conclusive result regarding its effectiveness is still not achieved. This review is intended to find a rational basis for its positive role in wound healing. To accomplish the objective, this review highlights the different aspects of thyroxine's role in wound healing like keratin synthesis, skin thickening, and pro-angiogenesis, the basis of controversy on its wound healing ability and its potential to be used as a wound healing agent. This study will be helpful for researchers and surgeons to assess the importance of thyroxine as a candidate to comprehensively research to develop a potent, effective, and affordable wound healing drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Ammar
- Princess Royal University Hospital, King College Hospital Trust, United Kingdom.
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5
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Cohen B, Cadesky A, Jaggi S. Dermatologic manifestations of thyroid disease: a literature review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1167890. [PMID: 37251685 PMCID: PMC10214500 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thyroid hormone is considered one of the key regulatory hormones for skin homeostasis. Multiple organs are affected by the release of peripheral thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) further regulating various functions at a cellular level. Specifically, skin is considered an important target organ in which the thyroid hormone has a significant impact. Multiple skin diseases are associated with thyroid hormone dysregulation. However, other striking dermatologic manifestations are seen in nails and hair as well. Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid cancer can have an array of cutaneous manifestations, and we present the recent updates in this field. Methods A PubMed search was performed for updates in any new skin disease findings and treatments between 2010 and 2022. Research published in the past decade and previously known foundational skin findings associated with thyroid disease were presented in this review. Conclusion Cutaneous manifestations of thyroid disease is one of the first notable signs of thyroid hormone dysregulation. This article reviews the recent updates on the thyroid and skin interplay, and it further discusses overt visible findings and various available treatment modalities.
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6
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Heim M, Nixon IJ, Emmerson E, Callanan A. From hormone replacement therapy to regenerative scaffolds: A review of current and novel primary hypothyroidism therapeutics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:997288. [PMID: 36277721 PMCID: PMC9581390 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.997288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hypothyroidism severely impacts the quality of life of patients through a decrease in the production of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4, leading to symptoms affecting cardiovascular, neurological, cognitive, and metabolic function. The incidence rate of primary hypothyroidism is expected to increase in the near future, partially due to increasing survival of patients that have undergone radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, which induces this disease in over half of those treated. The current standard of care encompasses thyroid hormone replacement therapy, traditionally in the form of synthetic T4. However, there is mounting evidence that this is unable to restore thyroid hormone signaling in all tissues due to often persistent symptoms. Additional complications are also present in the form of dosage difficulties, extensive drug interactions and poor patience compliance. The alternative therapeutic approach employed in the past is combination therapy, which consists of administration of both T3 and T4, either synthetic or in the form of desiccated thyroid extract. Here, issues are present regarding the lack of regulation concerning formulation and lack of data regarding safety and efficacy of these treatment methods. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have been applied in conjunction with each other to restore function of various tissues. Recently, these techniques have been adapted for thyroid tissue, primarily through the fabrication of regenerative scaffolds. Those currently under investigation are composed of either biopolymers or native decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) in conjunction with either primary thyrocytes or stem cells which have undergone directed thyroid differentiation. Multiple of these scaffolds have successfully restored an athyroid phenotype in vivo. However, further work is needed until clinical translation can be achieved. This is proposed in the form of exploration and combination of materials used to fabricate these scaffolds, the addition of peptides which can aid restoration of tissue homeostasis and additional in vivo experimentation providing data on safety and efficacy of these implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Heim
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Nixon
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Emmerson
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Callanan
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Anthony Callanan,
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7
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Sampaio RAG, Riet-Correa F, Barbosa FMS, de Gois DD, Lima RC, da Silva IG, da Silva VM, Oliveira AM, Simões SVD, Lucena RB. Diffuse Alopecia and Thyroid Atrophy in Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123530. [PMID: 34944304 PMCID: PMC8698121 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Thyroid dysfunction substantially affects quality of life, causing disturbances in different organs. A low intake of selenium and zinc can predispose to thyroid changes, resulting in hypothyroidism. A deficiency of selenium and zinc causes thyroid dysfunction and skin lesions. This paper describes natural cases of diffuse alopecia and thyroid abnormalities in sheep with selenium and zinc deficiency. The sheep had severe alopecia, and the thyroid hormones serum concentrations were below the reference values for the species. Zinc and Se concentrations were low in the serum and liver, and the thyroid gland was smaller than normal size. The present study is important as it is the first study examining zinc and Se deficiencies causing hypothyroidism in sheep. Furthermore, thyroid disorders affect the quality of life of humans and animals, and are associated with many organ-specific and non-organ-specific disorders. Abstract Thyroid dysfunction substantially affects the quality of life due to its association with various disorders in different organs. A low intake of selenium and zinc can predispose to thyroid alterations, resulting in hypothyroidism. A deficiency of selenium and zinc causes direct and indirect skin lesions, both by the action of free radicals on the skin and by thyroid dysfunction. The aim of this study was to describe natural cases of diffuse alopecia and thyroid abnormalities in sheep with selenium and zinc deficiency. Five adult sheep presented marked and diffuse alopecia, and the residual hairs were dry and brittle. The skin was thick and crusty, with marked peeling. The triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) serum concentrations were below reference values for the species. Zinc and Se concentrations were low in both the serum and liver. During necropsy, cachexia associated with serous fat atrophy was observed, and the thyroid glands showed marked atrophy. Microscopically, the thyroid presented multifocal to coalescent atrophy, with atrophied and dilated follicles, macrophage infiltration, and the presence of fibrous connective tissue. The skin revealed hyperkeratosis and edema. It is concluded that thyroid atrophy, alopecia, and hyperkeratosis are associated with low serum and liver concentrations of zinc and selenium in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubia Avlade Guedes Sampaio
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
| | - Franklin Riet-Correa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
- Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil
| | - Francisca Maria Sousa Barbosa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
| | - Daniela Dantas de Gois
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
| | - Raquel Costa Lima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
| | - Iara Geovana da Silva
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
| | - Vitória Maria da Silva
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
| | - Alexandra Melo Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
| | - Sara Vilar Dantas Simões
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
| | - Ricardo Barbosa Lucena
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (R.A.G.S.); (F.R.-C.); (F.M.S.B.); (A.M.O.); (S.V.D.S.)
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil; (D.D.d.G.); (R.C.L.); (I.G.d.S.); (V.M.d.S.)
- Correspondence: or
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8
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Lephart ED. Phytoestrogens (Resveratrol and Equol) for Estrogen-Deficient Skin-Controversies/Misinformation versus Anti-Aging In Vitro and Clinical Evidence via Nutraceutical-Cosmetics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11218. [PMID: 34681876 PMCID: PMC8538984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The overarching theme for this review is perspective. Superfoods (a marketing term for fruits and vegetables, etc.) have a positive connotation, while many superfoods contain phytoestrogens, a term that is alarming to the public and has a negative connotation because phytoestrogens are endocrine-disruptors, even though they are strong antioxidants that have many health benefits. To understand phytoestrogens, this paper provides a brief summary of the characteristics of: (a) estrogens, (b) estrogen receptors (ER), (c) estrogen-deficient skin, (d) how perspective(s) get off track, (e) phytoestrogen food sources, and (f) misconceptions of phytoestrogens and food safety, in general, that influence person(s) away from what is true. Finally, a brief history of cosmetics to nutraceuticals is covered plus the characteristics of phytoestrogens, resveratrol and equol on: (g) estrogen receptor binding, (h) topical and oral dosing, and (i) in vitro, molecular mechanisms and select clinical evidence, where both phytoestrogens (resveratrol and equol) demonstrate promising applications to improve skin health is presented along with future directions of nutraceuticals. Perspective is paramount in understanding the controversies associated with superfoods, phytoestrogens, and endocrine-disruptors because they have both positive and negative connotations. Everyone is exposed to and consumes these molecules everyday regardless of age, gender, or geographic location around the world, and how we understand this is a matter of perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin D Lephart
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and The Neuroscience Center, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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9
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Landaeta-Hernández AJ, Zambrano-Nava S, Verde O, Pinto-Santini L, Montero-Urdaneta M, Hernández-Fonseca JP, Fuenmayor-Morales C, Sonstegard TS, Huson HJ, Olson TA. Heat stress response in slick vs normal-haired Criollo Limonero heifers in a tropical environment. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:445. [PMID: 34427775 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To assess the effect of hair type on the heat stress response, 20 Criollo Limonero heifers with slick (n = 11) or normal hair (n = 9) were studied. Under a high temperature-humidity index (THI) environment, heat stress response was assessed through physiological variables that included respiration rate (RR), heart rate (HR), ruminal frequency (RMF), rectal temperature (RT), saliva pH (SPH), and lymphocyte count (LC) in the morning (5:00 AM, 27.4 °C, 64% relative humidity, THI = 77) and afternoon (1:00 PM, 34.5 °C, 70% relative humidity, THI = 88). A case-control study using a split plot design was used. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (PROC MIXED SAS 2010) and a statistical model comprising the fixed effects of hair length, sampling hour, interaction of hair length by sampling hour, and the random effect of animal nested within hair type on physiological variables associated with heat stress response. Sampling hour influenced (P < 0.0001) RR, RT, and (P < 0.003) SPH. Hair length influenced RR (P < 0.01) and RT (P < 0.04) and tended to influence LC (P < 0.07). The interaction of sampling hour by hair influenced RR (P < 0.04), RT (P < 0.0002), and both SPH and LC (P < 0.05). During afternoon hours, slick-haired heifers had lower values for RR (81 ± 4.2 vs 102 ± 4.7 bpm; P < 0.01), RT (39.5 ± 0.1 vs 40.3 ± 0.1 C°; P < 0.002), and LC (60 ± 3.2 vs 72.3 ± 3.6; P < 0.09) than normal-haired heifers. In normal-haired heifers, SPH increased during afternoon compared to morning-hours (8.66 ± 0.1 vs 9.11 ± 0.1; P < 0.04). It was concluded that slick-coated heifers exhibited an enhanced capability to cope with heat stress compared to normal-haired heifers likely due to an enhanced capacity for heat dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Landaeta-Hernández
- Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Unidad de Investigaciones Zootécnicas (UNIZ), Maracaibo, Venezuela.
| | - S Zambrano-Nava
- Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Unidad de Investigaciones Zootécnicas (UNIZ), Maracaibo, Venezuela.,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (INIA), Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - O Verde
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela
| | - L Pinto-Santini
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Montero-Urdaneta
- Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Unidad de Investigaciones Zootécnicas (UNIZ), Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - J P Hernández-Fonseca
- Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigaciones Clínicas Dr. Américo Negrette, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - C Fuenmayor-Morales
- Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Unidad de Investigaciones Zootécnicas (UNIZ), Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - T S Sonstegard
- Acceligen of Recombinetics Inc, 3388 Mike Collins Drive, Eagan, MN, USA
| | - H J Huson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Cornell, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - T A Olson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110920, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0910, USA
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10
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Newton H. Using emollients to promote safe and effective skin care for patients. Nurs Stand 2021; 36:77-82. [PMID: 34369116 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2021.e11687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The role of emollients in the treatment of dry skin conditions is often underestimated. Emollients promote optimal skin health and prevent skin breakdown, and their use can improve patients' quality of life. However, when advising patients on emollient use, nurses must consider the challenges involved such as the extensive choice of products and the necessity of regular applications. This article explores the development of dry skin conditions and outlines the role of emollients in maintaining the skin barrier function. The author also details optimal nursing practice in areas such as emollient prescribing and application.
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11
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Silva TS, Faro GBDA, Cortes MGB, Rego VRPDA. Primary hypothyroidism with exuberant dermatological manifestations. An Bras Dermatol 2020; 95:721-723. [PMID: 32482552 PMCID: PMC7672398 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone has effects on the skin. Patients with hypothyroidism have changes such as dry, scaly and rough skin. Increase carotene in the dermis becomes a yellowish tone to the skin of the patient with hypothyroidism. There is an increase in capillary cycle (anagen phase) and nail growth and a reduction in eccrine gland secretion. It is a case of primary hypothyroidism with nail manifestations associated with dermatologic disorders and successful treatment with levothyroxine. Receptors for thyroid hormone have already been found in keratinocytes, fibroblasts, hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Genes responsive to thyroid hormones and elements of the hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis were identified on the skin. This report highlights the importance of cutaneous manifestations as markers of thyroid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thadeu Santos Silva
- Dermatology Service, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | | | - Márcia Gabrielle Bonfim Cortes
- Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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12
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Ozmen O, Topsakal S. Examination of skin lesions in rats with induced hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Biotech Histochem 2020; 95:438-444. [PMID: 32064941 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1714731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the pathogenesis of skin lesions due to hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in rats. We used 30 rats allocated into hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and control groups. Blood samples were evaluated for levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Skin samples were examined for melan-A, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1 (LYVE1), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), calretinin, chromogranin, synaptophysin and pancytokeratin. Histopathological examination of the skin sections revealed thickened epidermis in the hyperthyroidism group due to an increased number of cells, and a decreased number of hair follicles and epithelial cell rows in the epidermis with an increased number of fat cells in the dermis of the rats in the hypothyroidism group. No significant difference was observed in the immunoreactions of pancytokeratin, PGP9.5, CD31 and synaptophysin among the groups. The hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism groups exhibited a marked increase in melan-A immunoreaction. Expression of LYVE-1, chromogranin and calretinin was increased in the hyperthyroidism group and decreased in the hypothyroidism group. We found that melan-A, LYVE-1, chromogenin and calretinin play an important role in the pathogenesis of skin lesions caused by thyroid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University , Istiklal Yerleskesi, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - S Topsakal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical Faculty, Pamukkale University, Kinikli Yerleskesi , 20070, Denizli, Turkey
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Ito A, Kamata A, Nozaki A, Ando T, Kawakami A. HYPOTHYROIDISM COULD BE A POTENTIAL FACTOR TO PROLONG SUBCUTANEOUS NODULES OF EXENATIDE ONCE WEEKLY: A CASE REPORT. AACE Clin Case Rep 2020; 5:e197-e200. [PMID: 31967033 DOI: 10.4158/accr-2018-0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Exenatide once weekly (ExeOW) is one of the long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists. Embedding exenatide in poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres enables the once-weekly subcutaneous injection of exenatide as a treatment for diabetes. We report a case of a patient with type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism who developed long-standing subcutaneous nodules after treatment by ExeOW injection. Methods Case report and review of the literature. A 57-year-old Japanese man with type 2 diabetes treated with ExeOW and primary hypothyroidism. Results We observed multiple subcutaneous nodules remaining at the ExeOW injection site for >10 weeks. As the patient's thyroid hormone levels normalized, these nodules decreased and disappeared, and his hemoglobin A1c levels improved. Conclusion The patient's clinical course suggests that the hydrolysis of ExeOW at the site of injection may be inhibited by concomitant hypothyroidism, in which glycosaminoglycans including hyaluronic acid are known to accumulate (including in the skin). This case may indicate that hypothyroidism prolongs the existence of subcutaneous nodules from ExeOW treatment.
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Kheradmand M, Afshari M, Damiani G, Abediankenari S, Moosazadeh M. Melasma and thyroid disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:1231-1238. [PMID: 31149743 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones may play a key role in melasma; however, melasma link with thyroid disorders remains controversial. OBJECTIVES To compare the serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), T4, T3, anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and antithyroglobulin between patients with melasma and control group using meta-analysis. METHODS We screened 10 databanks and search engines, searched mesh and nonmesh terms. The identified evidences were reviewed and quality assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The heterogeneity between the primary results was investigated using Cochrane and I-square indices. Random effect model was applied to combine the standardized mean differences of thyroid function indicators between patients with and without melasma. P values meta-analysis was used to investigate the association between anti-TPO and melasma. RESULTS We included seven studies, 473 cases, and 379 controls that had been investigated. The total standardized mean differences (95% confidence intervals) of TSH, T3, T4, and antithyroglobulin antibody between cases and controls were estimated to be 0.33 (0.18, 0.47), -0.01 (-0.20, 0.19), -1.50 (-2.96, -0.04), and 0.62 (0.14, 1.11), respectively. The corresponding figures among women were 0.35 (0.17, 0.52), 0.10 (-0.17, 0.38), -2.75 (-6.30, 0.81), and 0.99 (0.14, 1.83), respectively. P value of meta-analysis showed a significant relationship between anti-TPO serum level and melasma (Fisher = 26.80, P = 0.020). CONCLUSION Serum levels of TSH, anti-TPO, and antithyroglobulin antibody were significantly higher in patients with melasma than those without melasma. Moreover, these differences were more severe among women with melasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahhareh Kheradmand
- Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Giovanni Damiani
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Unità Operativa di Dermatologia, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.,Young Dermatologists Italian Network (YDIN), GISED, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunogenetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Sofronescu AG, Zhu Y. Severe hot flashes and hospitalization after supposed niacin flushing in a woman undergoing pre-employment urine drug testing. Clin Biochem 2019; 68:55-57. [PMID: 30974097 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina G Sofronescu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Yusheng Zhu
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, PennState University, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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Takkar B, Saxena H, Rathi A, Singh R. Autoimmune thyroiditis and central serous chorioretinopathy may have a relation. Med Hypotheses 2018; 121:180-182. [PMID: 30396476 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) is an important cause of hypothyroidism, and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is an independent disease of the choroid and retina that leads to accumulation of fluid beneath the retina. While AT has been associated with multiple antibodies, CSCR is still regarded as idiopathic despite extensive research. We hypothesize a causative association between these 2 conditions on the basis of our experience of a case where both CSCR and AT presented simultaneously and depicted a parallel course. CSCR was documented with retinal imaging while AT was documented with serum antibody titers. Further, we discuss the possible mechanisms that may be involved in this intriguing association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Takkar
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, India.
| | - Harsha Saxena
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, India
| | - Anubha Rathi
- Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Rekha Singh
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, India.
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Ferrara SJ, Bourdette D, Scanlan TS. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis Perturbations in Male Mice by CNS-Penetrating Thyromimetics. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2733-2740. [PMID: 29846550 PMCID: PMC6457038 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thyromimetics represent a class of experimental drugs that can stimulate tissue-selective thyroid hormone action. As such, thyromimetics should have effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, but details of this action and the subsequent effects on systemic thyroid hormone levels have not been reported to date. Here, we compare the HPT-axis effects of sobetirome, a well-studied thyromimetic, with Sob-AM2, a newly developed prodrug of sobetirome that targets sobetirome distribution to the central nervous system (CNS). Similar to endogenous thyroid hormone, administration of sobetirome and Sob-AM2 suppress HPT-axis gene transcript levels in a manner that correlates to their specific tissue distribution properties (periphery vs CNS, respectively). Dosing male C57BL/6 mice with sobetirome and Sob-AM2 at concentrations ≥10 μg/kg/d for 29 days induces a state similar to central hypothyroidism characterized by depleted circulating T4 and T3 and normal TSH levels. However, despite the systemic T4 and T3 depletion, the sobetirome- and Sob-AM2-treated mice do not show signs of hypothyroidism, which may result from the presence of the thyromimetic in the thyroid hormone-depleted background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skylar J Ferrara
- Program in Chemical Biology, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Dennis Bourdette
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Thomas S Scanlan
- Program in Chemical Biology, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Correspondence: Thomas S. Scanlan, PhD, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Program in Chemical Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Road, L334, Portland, Oregon 97206. E-mail:
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Kruglikov IL, Scherer PE. Dermal Adipocytes: From Irrelevance to Metabolic Targets? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:1-10. [PMID: 26643658 PMCID: PMC4698208 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) has received little appreciation in the past as a distinct entity from the better recognized subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). However, recent work has established dWAT as an important contributor to a multitude of processes, including immune response, wound healing and scarring, hair follicle (HF) growth, and thermoregulation. Unique metabolic contributions have also been attributed to dWAT, at least in part due to its thermic insulation properties and response to cold exposure. Dermal adipocytes can also undergo an adipocyte-myofibroblast transition (AMT), a process that is suspected to have an important role in several pathophysiological processes within the skin. Here, we discuss emerging concepts regarding dWAT physiology and its significance to a variety of cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Genome-Wide Association Study of Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in a Community-Based Sample of Mexican-Americans in Starr County, Texas. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142130. [PMID: 26569114 PMCID: PMC4646511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the number one cause of hospital-acquired infections. Understanding host pathogen interactions is paramount to the development of more effective treatment and prevention strategies. Therefore, whole exome sequence and chip-based genotype data were used to conduct rare variant and genome-wide association analyses in a Mexican-American cohort from Starr County, Texas to identify genes and variants associated with S. aureus nasal carriage. Unlike most studies of S. aureus that are based on hospitalized populations, this study used a representative community sample. Two nasal swabs were collected from participants (n = 858) 11–17 days apart between October 2009 and December 2013, screened for the presence of S. aureus, and then classified as either persistent, intermittent, or non-carriers. The chip-based and exome sequence-based single variant association analyses identified 1 genome-wide significant region (KAT2B) for intermittent and 11 regions suggestively associated with persistent or intermittent S. aureus carriage. We also report top findings from gene-based burden analyses of rare functional variation. Notably, we observed marked differences between signals associated with persistent and intermittent carriage. In single variant analyses of persistent carriage, 7 of 9 genes in suggestively associated regions and all 5 top gene-based findings are associated with cell growth or tight junction integrity or are structural constituents of the cytoskeleton, suggesting that variation in genes associated with persistent carriage impact cellular integrity and morphology.
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Rostami Mogaddam M, Iranparvar Alamdari M, Maleki N, Safavi Ardabili N, Abedkouhi S. Evaluation of autoimmune thyroid disease in melasma. J Cosmet Dermatol 2015; 14:167-71. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Rostami Mogaddam
- Department of Dermatology; Imam Khomeini Hospital; Ardabil University of Medical Sciences; Ardabil Iran
| | | | - Nasrollah Maleki
- The Persian Gulf Marine Medicine Biotechnology Research Center; Department of Endocrinology; Bushehr University of Medical Sciences; Bushehr Iran
| | | | - Selma Abedkouhi
- Department of Dermatology; Imam Khomeini Hospital; Ardabil University of Medical Sciences; Ardabil Iran
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21
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Gensure RC. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide and the hair cycle - is it the agonists or the antagonists that cause hair growth? Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:865-7. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert C. Gensure
- Pediatric Endocrinology; Children's Hospital at Montefiore and Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx NY USA
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22
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Trevizan Pera D, Freitas Planello J, Cancino J, Polikarpov I, Zucolotto V, Retto da Silva de Avó L, Maria Ramos Germano C, Gusmão Melo D. Effects of 3,5,3′-Triiodothyroacetic Acid, Nanoencapsulated or Not, on Intact and Atrophic Skin in Rats. J Nanotechnol Eng Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4028695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate 3,5,3′-triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) effects on intact and atrophic skin induced by glucocorticoids (GCs) in rats and the effects induced by nanoencapsulation. The effects of TRIAC and nanoencapsulated TRIAC were evaluated on intact and atrophic skin in TRIAC experiment and nanoencapsulated TRIAC experiment, respectively. Both experiments had two phases: phase I, cutaneous atrophy was induced; phase II, TRIAC or nanoencapsulated TRIAC was administrated. Our results showed that topical use of TRIAC with or without nanoencapsulation was able to reverse cutaneous atrophy. Nanoencapsulated TRIAC showed less systemic changes than TRIAC; therefore, it is possibly a safer drug for topical administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Trevizan Pera
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (PPGBiotec), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil e-mail:
| | - Jéssica Freitas Planello
- Department of Medicine (DMed), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil e-mail:
| | - Juliana Cancino
- Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil e-mail:
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil e-mail:
| | - Valtencir Zucolotto
- Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil e-mail:
| | - Lucimar Retto da Silva de Avó
- Department of Medicine (DMed), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil e-mail:
| | - Carla Maria Ramos Germano
- Department of Medicine (DMed), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil e-mail:
| | - Débora Gusmão Melo
- Department of Medicine (DMed), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo CEP 13565-905, Brazil e-mail:
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Gnanaraj P, Dayalan H, Elango T, Malligarjunan H, Raghavan V, Rao R. Downregulation of involucrin in psoriatic lesions following therapy with propylthiouracil, an anti-thyroid thioureylene: immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:302-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Gnanaraj
- Department of Dermatology; Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) Medical College Hospital and Research Center; Kattankulathur Kancheepuram India
| | - Haripriya Dayalan
- Department of Medical Research; Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) Medical College Hospital and Research Center; Kattankulathur Kancheepuram India
| | - Tamilselvi Elango
- Department of Medical Research; Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) Medical College Hospital and Research Center; Kattankulathur Kancheepuram India
| | - Hemamalini Malligarjunan
- Department of Medical Research; Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) Medical College Hospital and Research Center; Kattankulathur Kancheepuram India
| | - Vijayashree Raghavan
- Department of Pathology; Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute; Kelambakkam Chennai India
| | - Ramesh Rao
- Department of Pathology; Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute; Kelambakkam Chennai India
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Hantoushzadeh S, Tara F, Salmanian B, Gharedaghi MH, Nasri K, Ganjizadeh M, Ghaffari SR, Tahmasebpour AR, Farrokhi B, Abdollahi A, Sheikh M, Javadian P. Correlation of nuchal translucency and thyroxine at 11-13 weeks of gestation. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013; 26:1586-9. [PMID: 23488768 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.784259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nuchal translucency (NT) thickness is one of the major screening markers during the first trimester that could be influenced by several factors. Here, we investigated the association between NT thickness and thyroid related hormones. METHODS NT thickness was measured with transabdominal ultrasound in 643 pregnant women between 11 and 13 weeks of gestation. Maternal thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine (fT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were evaluated. Bivariate correlations were assessed and thyroid profile was subcategorized with regard to the calculated reference ranges. RESULTS An inverse relation was found between serum levels of maternal T4 with NT thickness (r = -0.128, p = 0.001) and CRL (r = -0.168, p < 0.001). TSH and hCG were also found to be correlated (Spearman's correlation coefficient = -0.092, p = 0.019). Prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were 1.1% and 3.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION Thyroid function tests are found to independently influence NT measurements in the first trimester. Assessment of hormones such as thyroxine could optimize the interpretation of screening tests for pathological conditions during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh
- Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Research Center and Breast Feeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Murk AJ, Rijntjes E, Blaauboer BJ, Clewell R, Crofton KM, Dingemans MML, Furlow JD, Kavlock R, Köhrle J, Opitz R, Traas T, Visser TJ, Xia M, Gutleb AC. Mechanism-based testing strategy using in vitro approaches for identification of thyroid hormone disrupting chemicals. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:1320-46. [PMID: 23453986 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The thyroid hormone (TH) system is involved in several important physiological processes, including regulation of energy metabolism, growth and differentiation, development and maintenance of brain function, thermo-regulation, osmo-regulation, and axis of regulation of other endocrine systems, sexual behaviour and fertility and cardiovascular function. Therefore, concern about TH disruption (THD) has resulted in strategies being developed to identify THD chemicals (THDCs). Information on potential of chemicals causing THD is typically derived from animal studies. For the majority of chemicals, however, this information is either limited or unavailable. It is also unlikely that animal experiments will be performed for all THD relevant chemicals in the near future for ethical, financial and practical reasons. In addition, typical animal experiments often do not provide information on the mechanism of action of THDC, making it harder to extrapolate results across species. Relevant effects may not be identified in animal studies when the effects are delayed, life stage specific, not assessed by the experimental paradigm (e.g., behaviour) or only occur when an organism has to adapt to environmental factors by modulating TH levels. Therefore, in vitro and in silico alternatives to identify THDC and quantify their potency are needed. THDC have many potential mechanisms of action, including altered hormone production, transport, metabolism, receptor activation and disruption of several feed-back mechanisms. In vitro assays are available for many of these endpoints, and the application of modern '-omics' technologies, applicable for in vivo studies can help to reveal relevant and possibly new endpoints for inclusion in a targeted THDC in vitro test battery. Within the framework of the ASAT initiative (Assuring Safety without Animal Testing), an international group consisting of experts in the areas of thyroid endocrinology, toxicology of endocrine disruption, neurotoxicology, high-throughput screening, computational biology, and regulatory affairs has reviewed the state of science for (1) known mechanisms for THD plus examples of THDC; (2) in vitro THD tests currently available or under development related to these mechanisms; and (3) in silico methods for estimating the blood levels of THDC. Based on this scientific review, the panel has recommended a battery of test methods to be able to classify chemicals as of less or high concern for further hazard and risk assessment for THD. In addition, research gaps and needs are identified to be able to optimize and validate the targeted THD in vitro test battery for a mechanism-based strategy for a decision to opt out or to proceed with further testing for THD.
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Affiliation(s)
- AlberTinka J Murk
- Wageningen University, Sub-department of Toxicology, Tuinlaan 5, 6703 HE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Zhang B, Zhang A, Zhou X, Webb P, He W, Xia X. Thyroid Hormone Analogue Stimulates Keratinocyte Proliferation but Inhibits Cell Differentiation in Epidermis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2012; 25:859-69. [DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gross clinical manifestations of thyroid hormone (TH) imbalance are often first seen in the skin where TH plays an integral role in sustaining natural function. Although mounting evidence suggests that TH plays an important role in epidermal proliferation and wound healing, the physiologic role of thyroid hormone in skin is not well understood. In the current study, we investigated the effect of a natural thyroid hormone analogue-3, 3', 5-triiodo-thyroacetic acid (TRIAC) on regulating proliferation and differentiation and its possible molecular mechanism in normal human epidermal keratinocytes and C57BL/6 mice. We determined that TRIAC could stimulate epidermal thickening in mice and promote human keratinocyte proliferation by activating Cyclin D1 expression and promoting entrance into S phase. Moreover, TRIAC might inhibit cell differentiation through repressing the expression of Casein Kinase 1 (CK1), which is a key regulatory protein involved in the control of cell differentiation. Taken together, our data explored the physiologic effect of TRIAC on skin and the possible molecular mechanism of TRIAC, which might be an interesting compound for the treatment of hyperkeratotic skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Zhang
- Center for Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, TX, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - A. Zhang
- Center for Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, TX, USA
| | - X. Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical, Immunogenetics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, TX, USA
| | - P. Webb
- Center for Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, TX, USA
| | - W. He
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - X. Xia
- Center for Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, TX, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The diagnosis of many childhood endocrine disorders can be facilitated by an awareness of the associated dermatologic findings. In this review, we will survey examples of endocrine disorders in children that include a prominent or diagnostic dermatologic sign/symptom. RECENT FINDINGS A key concept is that skin findings often accompany hormonal conditions, both those of hormone excess and hormone deficiency/resistance. Some dermatologic signs may also represent the hallmark lesion, or provide the first clinical sign in childhood, for both familial tumoral and nontumoral syndromes. Moreover, skin as an endocrine organ itself may provide new avenues both to understand disease mechanisms as well as to provide targeted therapy. SUMMARY Early diagnosis, often aided by recognition of a keynote dermatologic lesion, may permit prompt, timely treatment that, in some cases, may even prove life saving. Conversely, when these associated signs go undetected or misdiagnosed, therapeutic intervention may be delayed unnecessarily.
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