1
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Ghosh S, Isma J, Mazzeo L, Toniolo A, Simon C, Dotto GP. Nuclear lamin A/C phosphorylation by loss of Androgen Receptor is a global determinant of cancer-associated fibroblast activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.28.546870. [PMID: 37425957 PMCID: PMC10327063 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.28.546870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of nuclear structure and function, and associated impact on gene transcription, are a hallmark of cancer cells. Little is known of these alterations in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), a key component of the tumor stroma. Here we show that loss of androgen receptor (AR), which triggers early steps of CAF activation in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), leads to nuclear membrane alterations and increased micronuclei formation, which are unlinked from induction of cellular senescence. Similar alterations occur in fully established CAFs, which are overcome by restored AR function. AR associates with nuclear lamin A/C and loss of AR results in a substantially increased lamin A/C nucleoplasmic redistribution. Mechanistically, AR functions as a bridge between lamin A/C with the protein phosphatase PPP1. In parallel with a decreased lamin-PPP1 association, AR loss results in a marked increase of lamin A/C phosphorylation at Ser 301, which is also a feature of CAFs. Phosphorylated lamin A/C at Ser 301 binds to the transcription promoter regulatory region of several CAF effector genes, which are upregulated due to the loss of AR. More directly, expression of a lamin A/C Ser301 phosphomimetic mutant alone is sufficient to convert normal fibroblasts into tumor-promoting CAFs of the myofibroblast subtype, without an impact on senescence. These findings highlight the pivotal role of the AR-lamin A/C-PPP1 axis and lamin A/C phosphorylation at Ser 301 in driving CAF activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Ghosh
- Personalised Cancer Prevention Unit, ORL service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Jovan Isma
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Mazzeo
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Annagiada Toniolo
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Christian Simon
- Personalised Cancer Prevention Unit, ORL service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Cancer Prevention Institute, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - G. Paolo Dotto
- Personalised Cancer Prevention Unit, ORL service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
- International Cancer Prevention Institute, Epalinges, Switzerland
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2
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Wu G, Tian Q, Liu J, Zhou Q, Zou D, Chen Z, Wu T, Wang W, Xia H, Zhou J. Comprehensive analysis of expression and prognosis for LMNB family genes in human sarcoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28933. [PMID: 35356902 PMCID: PMC10513290 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Previous studies indicated that lamin proteins were thought to be related to gene expression, chromatin structure, and unclear stability. There are 2 types of vertebrate lamins, including A and B. The 2 B type proteins are encoded by lamin B1 (LMNB1) and lamin B2 (LMNB2). The LMNBs factor has been found to be associated with the development of multiple tumors, but its association with sarcoma has been barely mentioned.The transcription levels of LMNBs were analyzed via Oncomine database. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) dataset was adopted to analyze the differential expression of LMNBs in sarcoma. Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia dataset was used to explore the expression of LMNBs in sarcoma cell line. We analyzed the prognostic value of LMNBs in GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Oncomine and GEPIA datasets were also used to detect the relationship between LMNBs and their co-expressed genes. We used the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery to conduct the Gene Ontology analysis of LMNBs and their co-expressed genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes was also used to analyze the pathway of LMNBs.LMNB1 and LMNB2 were reported to be hyperexpressed in sarcoma. The expression of LMNBs was elevated in various sarcoma cell lines. According to the results, we observed that LMNBs were connected to the poor overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and disease-free survival of sarcoma patients.This study indicated that hyperexpression of LMNBs was significantly related to worse outcome of sarcoma, LMNB1 and LMNB2 were expected to become potential biomarkers for human.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Xia
- * Correspondence: Hong Xia, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, China (e-mail: ); Jian Zhou,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China (e-mail: ).
| | - Jian Zhou
- * Correspondence: Hong Xia, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, China (e-mail: ); Jian Zhou,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China (e-mail: ).
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3
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Rahman MM, Ferdous KS, Ahmed M, Islam MT, Khan MR, Perveen A, Ashraf GM, Uddin MS. Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome: An Overview of the Molecular Mechanism, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Approach. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 21:216-229. [PMID: 33655857 DOI: 10.2174/1566523221666210303100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lamin A/C encoded by the LMNA gene is an essential component for maintaining the nuclear structure. Mutation in the lamin A/C leads to a group of inherited disorders is known as laminopathies. In the human body, there are several mutations in the LMNA gene that have been identified. It can affect diverse organs or tissues or can be systemic, causing different diseases. In this review, we mainly focused on one of the most severe laminopathies, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). HGPS is an immensely uncommon, deadly, metameric ill-timed laminopathies caused by the abnormal splicing of the LMNA gene and production of an aberrant protein known as progerin. Here, we also presented the currently available data on the molecular mechanism, pathophysiology, available treatment, and future approaches to this deadly disease. Due to the production of progerin, an abnormal protein leads to an abnormality in nuclear structure, defects in DNA repair, shortening of telomere, and impairment in gene regulation which ultimately results in aging in the early stage of life. Now some treatment options are available for this disease, but a proper understanding of the molecular mechanism of this disease will help to develop a more appropriate treatment which makes it an emerging area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Sayma Ferdous
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Robin Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Perveen
- Glocal School of Life Sciences, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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4
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Patil S, Sengupta K. Role of A- and B-type lamins in nuclear structure-function relationships. Biol Cell 2021; 113:295-310. [PMID: 33638183 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear lamins are type V intermediate filament proteins that form a filamentous meshwork beneath the inner nuclear membrane. Additionally, a sub-population of A- and B-type lamins localizes in the nuclear interior. The nuclear lamina protects the nucleus from mechanical stress and mediates nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling. Lamins form a scaffold that partially tethers chromatin at the nuclear envelope. The nuclear lamina also stabilises protein-protein interactions involved in gene regulation and DNA repair. The lamin-based protein sub-complexes are implicated in both nuclear and cytoskeletal organisation, the mechanical stability of the nucleus, genome organisation, transcriptional regulation, genome stability and cellular differentiation. Here, we review recent research on nuclear lamins and unique roles of A- and B-type lamins in modulating various nuclear processes and their impact on cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka Patil
- Biology, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Kundan Sengupta
- Biology, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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5
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Huang Y, Rodriguez-Granados NY, Latrasse D, Raynaud C, Benhamed M, Ramirez-Prado JS. The matrix revolutions: towards the decoding of the plant chromatin three-dimensional reality. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:5129-5147. [PMID: 32639553 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, we have witnessed a significant increase in studies addressing the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin organization of the plant nucleus. Important advances in chromatin conformation capture (3C)-derived and related techniques have allowed the exploration of the nuclear topology of plants with large and complex genomes, including various crops. In addition, the increase in their resolution has permitted the depiction of chromatin compartmentalization and interactions at the gene scale. These studies have revealed the highly complex mechanisms governing plant nuclear architecture and the remarkable knowledge gaps in this field. Here we discuss the state-of-the-art in plant chromosome architecture, including our knowledge of the hierarchical organization of the genome in 3D space and regarding other nuclear components. Furthermore, we highlight the existence in plants of topologically associated domain (TAD)-like structures that display striking differences from their mammalian counterparts, proposing the concept of ICONS-intergenic condensed spacers. Similarly, we explore recent advances in the study of chromatin loops and R-loops, and their implication in the regulation of gene activity. Finally, we address the impact that polyploidization has had on the chromatin topology of modern crops, and how this is related to phenomena such as subgenome dominance and biased gene retention in these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris of Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Orsay, France
| | - Natalia Yaneth Rodriguez-Granados
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris of Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Orsay, France
| | - David Latrasse
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris of Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Orsay, France
| | - Cecile Raynaud
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris of Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Orsay, France
| | - Moussa Benhamed
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris of Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Orsay, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
| | - Juan Sebastian Ramirez-Prado
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris of Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Orsay, France
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6
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Crasto S, My I, Di Pasquale E. The Broad Spectrum of LMNA Cardiac Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Phenotype. Front Physiol 2020; 11:761. [PMID: 32719615 PMCID: PMC7349320 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of Lamin A/C gene (LMNA) cause laminopathies, a group of disorders associated with a wide spectrum of clinically distinct phenotypes, affecting different tissues and organs. Heart involvement is frequent and leads to cardiolaminopathy LMNA-dependent cardiomyopathy (LMNA-CMP), a form of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) typically associated with conduction disorders and arrhythmias, that can manifest either as an isolated event or as part of a multisystem phenotype. Despite the recent clinical and molecular developments in the field, there is still lack of knowledge linking specific LMNA gene mutations to the distinct clinical manifestations. Indeed, the severity and progression of the disease have marked interindividual variability, even amongst members of the same family. Studies conducted so far have described Lamin A/C proteins involved in diverse biological processes, that span from a structural role in the nucleus to the regulation of response to mechanical stress and gene expression, proposing various mechanistic hypotheses. However, none of those is per se able to fully justify functional and clinical phenotypes of LMNA-CMP; therefore, the role of Lamin A/C in cardiac pathophysiology still represents an open question. In this review we provide an update on the state-of-the-art studies on cardiolaminopathy, in the attempt to draw a line connecting molecular mechanisms to clinical manifestations. While investigators in this field still wonder about a clear genotype/phenotype correlation in LMNA-CMP, our intent here is to recapitulate common mechanistic hypotheses that link different mutations to similar clinical presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Crasto
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - UOS of Milan, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria My
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisa Di Pasquale
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB) - UOS of Milan, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
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7
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Li W, Li X, Li X, Li M, Yang P, Wang X, Li L, Yang B. Lamin B1 Overexpresses in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Promotes Proliferation in Lung Cancer Cells via AKT Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:3129-3139. [PMID: 32346296 PMCID: PMC7167283 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s229997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the biological effect and molecular mechanism of Lamin B1(LMNB1) in lung cancer cells and its significance for the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) patients. METHODS In this study, Bioinformatics was performed to analyze the expression at mRNA level and prognosis effect of LMNB1 in LUAD from TCGA dataset. The immunohistochemistry(IHC) assay was conducted to analyzed the expression of LMNB1 at the protein level in LUAD tissues. The correlation between the expression of LMNB1 and the clinical factors in patients with LUAD was analyzed. Next, LMNB1 transfected into LUAD cell lines (A549 and PC-9) which was proved by Western blot. CCK8 assay, cloning formation assay, and xenograft assay were conducted to explore the effect and mechanism of LMNB1 on the proliferation of LUAD cell lines in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The results of the present study demonstrated that LMNB1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues and related to tumor stage. High LMNB1 expression was related with more advanced clinicopathological factors such as low degree of differentiation (P=0.02), large tumor size (P<0.01), lymph node metastasis (P<0.01) and higher tumor stage (P<0.01). After knocking down LMNB1, the cell growth rate (P<0.01) and the number of colonies (P<0.01) were significantly reduced, and the level of the proliferating marker Ki67 (P<0.01) was significantly decreased. At the same time, in vivo experiments showed that the tumor volume and tumor of the mice were significantly reduced (P<0.01). Moreover, we found that knockdown LMNB1 can inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells by inhibiting AKT phosphorylation by Western blot. CONCLUSION In summary, LMNB1 play an of vital roles in the growth of LUAD cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Tianjin300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Poleshko A, Smith CL, Nguyen SC, Sivaramakrishnan P, Wong KG, Murray JI, Lakadamyali M, Joyce EF, Jain R, Epstein JA. H3K9me2 orchestrates inheritance of spatial positioning of peripheral heterochromatin through mitosis. eLife 2019; 8:49278. [PMID: 31573510 PMCID: PMC6795522 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-type-specific 3D organization of the genome is unrecognizable during mitosis. It remains unclear how essential positional information is transmitted through cell division such that a daughter cell recapitulates the spatial genome organization of the parent. Lamina-associated domains (LADs) are regions of repressive heterochromatin positioned at the nuclear periphery that vary by cell type and contribute to cell-specific gene expression and identity. Here we show that histone 3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) is an evolutionarily conserved, specific mark of nuclear peripheral heterochromatin and that it is retained through mitosis. During mitosis, phosphorylation of histone 3 serine 10 temporarily shields the H3K9me2 mark allowing for dissociation of chromatin from the nuclear lamina. Using high-resolution 3D immuno-oligoFISH, we demonstrate that H3K9me2-enriched genomic regions, which are positioned at the nuclear lamina in interphase cells prior to mitosis, re-associate with the forming nuclear lamina before mitotic exit. The H3K9me2 modification of peripheral heterochromatin ensures that positional information is safeguarded through cell division such that individual LADs are re-established at the nuclear periphery in daughter nuclei. Thus, H3K9me2 acts as a 3D architectural mitotic guidepost. Our data establish a mechanism for epigenetic memory and inheritance of spatial organization of the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Poleshko
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Cheryl L Smith
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Son C Nguyen
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Priya Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Karen G Wong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - John Isaac Murray
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Melike Lakadamyali
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Eric F Joyce
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Rajan Jain
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Penn Cardiovascular Institute and Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Jonathan A Epstein
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Penn Cardiovascular Institute and Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
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9
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Borroni AP, Emanuelli A, Shah PA, Ilić N, Apel-Sarid L, Paolini B, Manikoth Ayyathan D, Koganti P, Levy-Cohen G, Blank M. Smurf2 regulates stability and the autophagic-lysosomal turnover of lamin A and its disease-associated form progerin. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29405587 PMCID: PMC5847874 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A‐lamins, encoded by the LMNA gene, are major structural components of the nuclear lamina coordinating essential cellular processes. Mutations in the LMNA gene and/or alterations in its expression levels have been linked to a distinct subset of human disorders, collectively known as laminopathies, and to cancer. Mechanisms regulating A‐lamins are mostly obscure. Here, we identified E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf2 as a physiological regulator of lamin A and its disease‐associated mutant form progerin (LAΔ50), whose expression underlies the development of Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a devastating premature aging syndrome. We show that Smurf2 directly binds, ubiquitinates, and negatively regulates the expression of lamin A and progerin in Smurf2 dose‐ and E3 ligase‐dependent manners. Overexpression of catalytically active Smurf2 promotes the autophagic–lysosomal breakdown of lamin A and progerin, whereas Smurf2 depletion increases lamin A levels. Remarkably, acute overexpression of Smurf2 in progeria fibroblasts was able to significantly reduce the nuclear deformability. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the reciprocal relationship between Smurf2 and A‐lamins is preserved in different types of mouse and human normal and cancer tissues. These findings establish Smurf2 as an essential regulator of lamin A and progerin and lay a foundation for evaluating the efficiency of progerin clearance by Smurf2 in HGPS, and targeting of the Smurf2–lamin A axis in age‐related diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Paola Borroni
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine; Bar-Ilan University; Safed Israel
| | - Andrea Emanuelli
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine; Bar-Ilan University; Safed Israel
| | - Pooja Anil Shah
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine; Bar-Ilan University; Safed Israel
| | - Nataša Ilić
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine; Bar-Ilan University; Safed Israel
| | - Liat Apel-Sarid
- Department of Pathology; The Galilee Medical Center; Nahariya Israel
| | - Biagio Paolini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; IRCCS Fondazione; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori; Milan Italy
| | - Dhanoop Manikoth Ayyathan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine; Bar-Ilan University; Safed Israel
| | - Praveen Koganti
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine; Bar-Ilan University; Safed Israel
| | - Gal Levy-Cohen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine; Bar-Ilan University; Safed Israel
| | - Michael Blank
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine; Bar-Ilan University; Safed Israel
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10
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Stephens AD, Liu PZ, Banigan EJ, Almassalha LM, Backman V, Adam SA, Goldman RD, Marko JF. Chromatin histone modifications and rigidity affect nuclear morphology independent of lamins. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:220-233. [PMID: 29142071 PMCID: PMC5909933 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-06-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear shape and architecture influence gene localization, mechanotransduction, transcription, and cell function. Abnormal nuclear morphology and protrusions termed "blebs" are diagnostic markers for many human afflictions including heart disease, aging, progeria, and cancer. Nuclear blebs are associated with both lamin and chromatin alterations. A number of prior studies suggest that lamins dictate nuclear morphology, but the contributions of altered chromatin compaction remain unclear. We show that chromatin histone modification state dictates nuclear rigidity, and modulating it is sufficient to both induce and suppress nuclear blebs. Treatment of mammalian cells with histone deacetylase inhibitors to increase euchromatin or histone methyltransferase inhibitors to decrease heterochromatin results in a softer nucleus and nuclear blebbing, without perturbing lamins. Conversely, treatment with histone demethylase inhibitors increases heterochromatin and chromatin nuclear rigidity, which results in reduced nuclear blebbing in lamin B1 null nuclei. Notably, increased heterochromatin also rescues nuclear morphology in a model cell line for the accelerated aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome caused by mutant lamin A, as well as cells from patients with the disease. Thus, chromatin histone modification state is a major determinant of nuclear blebbing and morphology via its contribution to nuclear rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Stephens
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Patrick Z Liu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Edward J Banigan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Luay M Almassalha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Vadim Backman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Stephen A Adam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Robert D Goldman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - John F Marko
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
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11
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Abstract
The cell nucleus houses, protects, and arranges the genome within the cell. Therefore, nuclear mechanics and morphology are important for dictating gene regulation, and these properties are perturbed in many human diseases, such as cancers and progerias. The field of nuclear mechanics has long been dominated by studies of the nuclear lamina, the intermediate filament shell residing just beneath the nuclear membrane. However, a growing body of work shows that chromatin and chromatin-related factors within the nucleus are an essential part of the mechanical response of the cell nucleus to forces. Recently, our group demonstrated that chromatin and the lamina provide distinct mechanical contributions to nuclear mechanical response. The lamina is indeed important for robust response to large, whole-nucleus stresses, but chromatin dominates the short-extension response. These findings offer a clarifying perspective on varied nuclear mechanics measurements and observations, and they suggest several new exciting possibilities for understanding nuclear morphology, organization, and mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Stephens
- a Department of Molecular Biosciences , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois , USA
| | - Edward J Banigan
- b Department of Physics and Astronomy , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois , USA.,c Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts
| | - John F Marko
- a Department of Molecular Biosciences , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois , USA.,b Department of Physics and Astronomy , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois , USA
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12
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Schoen I, Aires L, Ries J, Vogel V. Nanoscale invaginations of the nuclear envelope: Shedding new light on wormholes with elusive function. Nucleus 2017; 8:506-514. [PMID: 28686487 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2017.1337621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in fluorescence microscopy have opened up new possibilities to investigate chromosomal and nuclear 3D organization on the nanoscale. We here discuss their potential for elucidating topographical details of the nuclear lamina. Single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) in combination with immunostainings of lamina proteins readily reveals tube-like invaginations with a diameter of 100-500 nm. Although these invaginations have been established as a frequent and general feature of interphase nuclei across different cell types, their formation mechanism and function have remained largely elusive. We critically review the current state of research, propose possible connections to lamina associated domains (LADs), and revisit the discussion about the potential role of these invaginations for accelerating mRNA nuclear export. Illustrative studies using 3D super-resolution imaging are shown and will be instrumental to decipher the physiological role of these nanoscale invaginations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Schoen
- a ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Lina Aires
- a ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Jonas Ries
- b European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Viola Vogel
- a ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology , Zurich , Switzerland
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13
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Wang X, Zabell A, Koh W, Tang WHW. Lamin A/C Cardiomyopathies: Current Understanding and Novel Treatment Strategies. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2017; 19:21. [PMID: 28299614 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-017-0520-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the third leading cause of heart failure in the USA. A major gene associated with DCM with cardiac conduction system disease is lamin A/C (LMNA) gene. Lamins are type V filaments that serve a variety of roles, including nuclear structure support, DNA repair, cell signaling pathway mediation, and chromatin organization. In 1999, LMNA was found responsible for Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) and, since then, has been found in association with a wide spectrum of diseases termed laminopathies, including LMNA cardiomyopathy. Patients with LMNA mutations have a poor prognosis and a higher risk for sudden cardiac death, along with other cardiac effects like dysrhythmias, development of congestive heart failure, and potential need of a pacemaker or ICD. As of now, there is no specific treatment for laminopathies, including LMNA cardiomyopathy, because the mechanism of LMNA mutations in humans is still unclear. This review discusses LMNA mutations and how they relate to DCM, the necessity for further investigation to better understand LMNA mutations, and potential treatment options ranging from clinical and therapeutic to cellular and molecular techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Allyson Zabell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wonshill Koh
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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14
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Pantic I, Nesic D, Basailovic M, Cetkovic M, Mazic S, Suzic-Lazic J, Popevic M. Chromatin Fractal Organization, Textural Patterns, and Circularity of Nuclear Envelope in Adrenal Zona Fasciculata Cells. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2016; 22:1120-1127. [PMID: 27821221 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616011910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite previous research efforts in the fields of histology and cell physiology, the relationship between chromatin structural organization and nuclear shape remains unclear. The aim of this research was to test the existence and strength of correlations between mathematical parameters of chromatin microarchitecture and roundness of the nuclear envelope. On a sample of 240 nuclei of adrenal zona fasciculata cells stained using the DNA-specific Feulgen method, we quantified fractal parameters such as fractal dimension and lacunarity, as well as textural parameters such as angular second moment (ASM), entropy, inverse difference moment, contrast, and variance. Circularity of the nuclear envelope was determined from the nuclear area and perimeter. The results indicate that there is a statistically significant negative correlation between chromatin ASM and circularity. Moreover, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between chromatin fractal dimension and envelope circularity. This is the first study to demonstrate these relationships in adrenal tissue, and also one of the first studies to test the connection between circularity and fractal and gray-level co-occurrence matrix parameters in DNA-specific Feulgen stain. The results could be useful both as an addition to the current knowledge on chromatin/nuclear envelope interactions, and for design of future computer-assisted research software for evaluation of nuclear morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pantic
- 1Laboratory for Cellular Physiology,School of Medicine,Institute of Medical physiology,University of Belgrade,Visegradska 26/II,RS-11129 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Dejan Nesic
- 2School of Medicine,Institute of Medical physiology,University of Belgrade,Visegradska 26/II,RS-11129 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Milos Basailovic
- 3School of Medicine,University of Belgrade,Visegradska 26/II,RS-11129 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Mila Cetkovic
- 4School of Medicine,Institute of Histology and Embryology,University of Belgrade,Visegradska 26/II,RS-11129 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Sanja Mazic
- 2School of Medicine,Institute of Medical physiology,University of Belgrade,Visegradska 26/II,RS-11129 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Jelena Suzic-Lazic
- 5School of Medicine,University Clinical Centre "Dr Dragiša Mišović - Dedinje",University of Belgrade,Heroja Milana Tepica 1,11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Martin Popevic
- 6School of Medicine,Serbian Institute for Occupational Health,University of Belgrade,Deligradska 29,11000 Belgrade,Serbia
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15
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Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an extremely rare premature aging disease presenting many features resembling the normal aging process. HGPS patients die before the age of 20 years due to cardiovascular problems and heart failure. HGPS is linked to mutations in the LMNA gene encoding the intermediate filament protein lamin A. Lamin A is a major component of the nuclear lamina, a scaffold structure at the nuclear envelope that defines mechanochemical properties of the nucleus and is involved in chromatin organization and epigenetic regulation. Lamin A is also present in the nuclear interior where it fulfills lamina-independent functions in cell signaling and gene regulation. The most common LMNA mutation linked to HGPS leads to mis-splicing of the LMNA mRNA and produces a mutant lamin A protein called progerin that tightly associates with the inner nuclear membrane and affects the dynamic properties of lamins. Progerin expression impairs many important cellular processes providing insight into potential disease mechanisms. These include changes in mechanosignaling, altered chromatin organization and impaired genome stability, and changes in signaling pathways, leading to impaired regulation of adult stem cells, defective extracellular matrix production and premature cell senescence. In this review, we discuss these pathways and their potential contribution to the disease pathologies as well as therapeutic approaches used in preclinical and clinical tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Vidak
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), Department of Medical Biochemistry, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Medical University Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/3, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Foisner
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), Department of Medical Biochemistry, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Medical University Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/3, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Lund EG, Duband-Goulet I, Oldenburg A, Buendia B, Collas P. Distinct features of lamin A-interacting chromatin domains mapped by ChIP-sequencing from sonicated or micrococcal nuclease-digested chromatin. Nucleus 2015; 6:30-9. [PMID: 25602132 DOI: 10.4161/19491034.2014.990855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina has been shown to interact with the genome through lamina-associated domains (LADs). LADs have been identified by DamID, a proximity labeling assay, and more recently by chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) of A- and B-type lamins. LADs form megabase-size domains at the nuclear periphery, they are gene-poor and mostly heterochromatic. Here, we show that the mode of chromatin fragmentation for ChIP, namely bath sonication or digestion with micrococcal nuclease (MNase), leads to the discovery of common but also distinct sets of lamin-interacting domains, or LiDs. Using ChIP-seq, we show the existence of lamin A/C (LMNA) LiDs with distinct gene contents, histone composition enrichment and relationships to lamin B1-interacting domains. The extent of genome coverage of lamin A/C (LMNA) LiDs in sonicated or MNase-digested chromatin is similar (∼730 megabases); however over half of these domains are uniquely detected in sonicated or MNase-digested chromatin. Sonication-specific LMNA LiDs are gene-poor and devoid of a broad panel of histone modifications, while MNase-specific LMNA LiDs are of higher gene density and are enriched in H3K9me3, H3K27me3 and in histone variant H2A.Z. LMNB1 LiDs are gene-poor and show no or little enrichment in these marks. Comparison of published LMNB1 DamID LADs with LMNB1 and LMNA LiDs identified here by ChIP-seq further shows that LMNA can associate with 'open' chromatin domains displaying euchromatin characteristics, and which are not associated with LMNB1. The differential genomic and epigenetic properties of lamin-interacting domains reflect the existence of distinct LiD populations identifiable in different chromatin contexts, including nuclease-accessible regions presumably localized in the nuclear interior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eivind G Lund
- a Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences ; University of Oslo, and Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research , Oslo , Norway
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17
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Krause M, Wolf K. Cancer cell migration in 3D tissue: negotiating space by proteolysis and nuclear deformability. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 9:357-66. [PMID: 26301444 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2015.1061173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient tumor cell invasion into the surrounding desmoplastic stroma is a hallmark of cancer progression and involves the navigation through available small tissue spaces existent within the dense stromal network. Such navigation includes the reciprocal adaptation of the moving tumor cell, including the nucleus as largest and stiffest organelle, to pre-existent or de-novo generated extracellular matrix (ECM) gaps, pores and trails within stromal compartments. Within the context of migration, we briefly summarize physiological and tumor-related changes in ECM geometries as well as tissue proteolysis. We then focus on mechanisms that ensure the successful translocation of a nucleus through a confining pore by cytoskeleton-mediated coupling, as well as regulators of cell and nuclear deformability such as chromatin organization and nuclear lamina expression. In summary, understanding dynamic nuclear mechanics during migration in response to confined space will add to a better conceptual appreciation of cancer invasion and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Krause
- a Department of Cell Biology ; Radboud University Medical Center ; Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Katarina Wolf
- a Department of Cell Biology ; Radboud University Medical Center ; Nijmegen , The Netherlands
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18
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Depreux FF, Puckelwartz MJ, Augustynowicz A, Wolfgeher D, Labno CM, Pierre-Louis D, Cicka D, Kron SJ, Holaska J, McNally EM. Disruption of the lamin A and matrin-3 interaction by myopathic LMNA mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:4284-95. [PMID: 25948554 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear face of the nuclear membrane is enriched with the intermediate filament protein lamin A. Mutations in LMNA, the gene encoding lamin A, lead to a diverse set of inherited conditions including myopathies that affect both the heart and skeletal muscle. To gain insight about lamin A protein interactions, binding proteins associated with the tail of lamin A were characterized. Of 130 nuclear proteins found associated with the lamin A tail, 17 (13%) were previously described lamin A binding partners. One protein not previously linked to lamin A, matrin-3, was selected for further study, because like LMNA mutations, matrin-3 has also been implicated in inherited myopathy. Matrin-3 binds RNA and DNA and is a nucleoplasmic protein originally identified from the insoluble nuclear fraction, referred to as the nuclear matrix. Anti-matrin-3 antibodies were found to co-immunoprecipitate lamin A, and the lamin-A binding domain was mapped to the carboxy-terminal half of matrin-3. Three-dimensional mapping of the lamin A-matrin-3 interface showed that the LMNA truncating mutation Δ303, which lacks the matrin-3 binding domain, was associated with an increased distance between lamin A and matrin-3. LMNA mutant cells are known to have altered biophysical properties and the matrin-3-lamin A interface is positioned to contribute to these defects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan J Puckelwartz
- Department of Medicine, Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | | | - Don Wolfgeher
- Department of Molecular of Genetics and Cell Biology, Proteomics Core Facility
| | - Christine M Labno
- Integrated Microscopy Facility, Office of Shared Research Facilities
| | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth M McNally
- Department of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA and Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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19
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Yang S, Quaresma AJC, Nickerson JA, Green KM, Shaffer SA, Imbalzano AN, Martin-Buley LA, Lian JB, Stein JL, van Wijnen AJ, Stein GS. Subnuclear domain proteins in cancer cells support the functions of RUNX2 in the DNA damage response. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:728-40. [PMID: 25609707 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.160051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit modifications in nuclear architecture and transcriptional control. Tumor growth and metastasis are supported by RUNX family transcriptional scaffolding proteins, which mediate the assembly of nuclear-matrix-associated gene-regulatory hubs. We used proteomic analysis to identify RUNX2-dependent protein-protein interactions associated with the nuclear matrix in bone, breast and prostate tumor cell types and found that RUNX2 interacts with three distinct proteins that respond to DNA damage - RUVBL2, INTS3 and BAZ1B. Subnuclear foci containing these proteins change in intensity or number following UV irradiation. Furthermore, RUNX2, INTS3 and BAZ1B form UV-responsive complexes with the serine-139-phosphorylated isoform of H2AX (γH2AX). UV irradiation increases the interaction of BAZ1B with γH2AX and decreases histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation levels, which mark accessible chromatin. RUNX2 depletion prevents the BAZ1B-γH2AX interaction and attenuates loss of H3K9 and H3K56 acetylation. Our data are consistent with a model in which RUNX2 forms functional complexes with BAZ1B, RUVBL2 and INTS3 to mount an integrated response to DNA damage. This proposed cytoprotective function for RUNX2 in cancer cells might clarify its expression in chemotherapy-resistant and/or metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungchan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Alexandre J C Quaresma
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeffrey A Nickerson
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Karin M Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Anthony N Imbalzano
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Lori A Martin-Buley
- Department of Biochemistry & Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont Medical School, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jane B Lian
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA Department of Biochemistry & Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont Medical School, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Janet L Stein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA Department of Biochemistry & Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont Medical School, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA Departments of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street S.W., MSB 3-69, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA Department of Biochemistry & Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont Medical School, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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20
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Collas P, Lund EG, Oldenburg AR. Closing the (nuclear) envelope on the genome: how nuclear lamins interact with promoters and modulate gene expression. Bioessays 2013; 36:75-83. [PMID: 24272858 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201300138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear envelope shapes the functional organization of the nucleus. Increasing evidence indicates that one of its main components, the nuclear lamina, dynamically interacts with the genome, including the promoter region of specific genes. This seems to occur in a manner that accords developmental significance to these interactions. This essay addresses key issues raised by recent data on the association of nuclear lamins with the genome. We discuss how lamins interact with large chromatin domains and with spatially restricted regions on gene promoters. We address the relationship between these interactions, chromatin modifications and gene expression outcomes. Lamin-genome contacts are redistributed after cell division and during stem cell differentiation, with evidence of lineage specificity. Thus, we also speculate on a developmental role of lamin interactions with specific genes. Finally, we highlight how concepts arising from this recent work lay the foundations of future challenges and investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Collas
- Stem Cell Epigenetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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21
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Alsarraj J, Faraji F, Geiger TR, Mattaini KR, Williams M, Wu J, Ha NH, Merlino T, Walker RC, Bosley AD, Xiao Z, Andresson T, Esposito D, Smithers N, Lugo D, Prinjha R, Day A, Crawford NPS, Ozato K, Gardner K, Hunter KW. BRD4 short isoform interacts with RRP1B, SIPA1 and components of the LINC complex at the inner face of the nuclear membrane. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80746. [PMID: 24260471 PMCID: PMC3834312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that BET inhibitors are effective anti-cancer therapeutics. Here we show that BET inhibitors are effective against murine primary mammary tumors, but not pulmonary metastases. BRD4, a target of BET inhibitors, encodes two isoforms with opposite effects on tumor progression. To gain insights into why BET inhibition was ineffective against metastases the pro-metastatic short isoform of BRD4 was characterized using mass spectrometry and cellular fractionation. Our data show that the pro-metastatic short isoform interacts with the LINC complex and the metastasis-associated proteins RRP1B and SIPA1 at the inner face of the nuclear membrane. Furthermore, histone binding arrays revealed that the short isoform has a broader acetylated histone binding pattern relative to the long isoform. These differential biochemical and nuclear localization properties revealed in our study provide novel insights into the opposing roles of BRD4 isoforms in metastatic breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude Alsarraj
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Farhoud Faraji
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Thomas R. Geiger
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Katherine R. Mattaini
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mia Williams
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Josephine Wu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ngoc-Han Ha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tyler Merlino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Renard C. Walker
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Allen D. Bosley
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thorkell Andresson
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Smithers
- Epinova DPU and Quantitative Pharmacology, Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Dave Lugo
- Epinova DPU and Quantitative Pharmacology, Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Rab Prinjha
- Epinova DPU and Quantitative Pharmacology, Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Anup Day
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nigel P. S. Crawford
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Keiko Ozato
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kevin Gardner
- Genetic Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kent W. Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Steglich B, Filion GJ, van Steensel B, Ekwall K. The inner nuclear membrane proteins Man1 and Ima1 link to two different types of chromatin at the nuclear periphery in S. pombe. Nucleus 2012; 3:77-87. [PMID: 22156748 DOI: 10.4161/nucl.18825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metazoan chromatin at the nuclear periphery is generally characterized by lowly expressed genes and repressive chromatin marks and presents a sub-compartment with properties distinct from the nuclear interior. To test whether the S. pombe nuclear periphery behaves similarly, we used DNA adenine methyltransferase identification (DamID) to map the target loci of two inner nuclear membrane proteins, Ima1 and Man1. We found that peripheral chromatin shows low levels of RNA-Polymerase II and nucleosome occupancy, both characteristic of repressed chromatin regions. Consistently, lowly expressed genes preferentially associate with the periphery and highly expressed genes are depleted from it. When looking at peripheral intergenic regions (IGRs), we found that divergent IGRs are enriched compared with convergent IGRs, indicating that transcription preferentially points away from the periphery rather than toward it. Interestingly, we found that Ima1 and Man1 have common, but also separate target regions in the genome. Ima1-interacting loci were enriched for the RNAi components Dcr1 and Rdp1. This agrees with previous findings that Dcr1 is localized at the nuclear periphery. In contrast, Man1 target loci were bound by the heterochromatin protein Swi6, especially at subtelomeric regions. Subtelomeric chromatin was shown to form a unique chromatin type lacking both repressive and active chromatin features and containing low levels of the histone variant H2A.Z. Thus, we find that the fission yeast nuclear periphery shows similar properties to those of metazoan cells, despite the absence of a nuclear lamina. Our results point to a role of nuclear membrane proteins in organizing chromatin domains and loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babett Steglich
- Center for Biosciences, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
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23
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Building a nuclear envelope at the end of mitosis: coordinating membrane reorganization, nuclear pore complex assembly, and chromatin de-condensation. Chromosoma 2012; 121:539-54. [PMID: 23104094 PMCID: PMC3501164 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-012-0388-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The metazoan nucleus is disassembled and re-built at every mitotic cell division. The nuclear envelope, including nuclear pore complexes, breaks down at the beginning of mitosis to accommodate the capture of massively condensed chromosomes by the spindle apparatus. At the end of mitosis, a nuclear envelope is newly formed around each set of segregating and de-condensing chromatin. We review the current understanding of the membrane restructuring events involved in the formation of the nuclear membrane sheets of the envelope, the mechanisms governing nuclear pore complex assembly and integration in the nascent nuclear membranes, and the regulated coordination of these events with chromatin de-condensation.
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24
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Abstract
The nuclear envelope in eukaryotic cells has important roles in chromatin organization. The inner nuclear membrane contains over 60 transmembrane proteins. LEM [LAP2 (lamina-associated polypeptide 2)/emerin/MAN1] domain-containing proteins of the inner nuclear membrane are involved in tethering chromatin to the nuclear envelope and affect gene expression. They contain a common structural, bihelical motif, the so-called LEM domain, which mediates binding to a conserved chromatin protein, BAF (barrier to autointegration factor). Interestingly, this domain is highly related to other bihelical motifs, termed HeH (helix-extension-helix) and SAP {SAF (scaffold attachment factor)/acinus/PIAS [protein inhibitor of activated STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription)]} motifs, which are directly linked to DNA. In the present paper, we summarize evidence that the LEM motif evolved from the HeH and SAP domains concomitantly with BAF. In addition, we discuss the potential evolution of HeH/SAP and LEM domain-containing proteins and their role in chromatin tethering and gene regulation from unicellular eukaryotes to mammals.
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25
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Abstract
The lamins are the major architectural proteins of the animal cell nucleus. Lamins line the inside of the nuclear membrane, where they provide a platform for the binding of proteins and chromatin and confer mechanical stability. They have been implicated in a wide range of nuclear functions, including higher-order genome organization, chromatin regulation, transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair. The lamins are members of the intermediate filament (IF) family of proteins, which constitute a major component of the cytoskeleton. Lamins are the only nuclear IFs and are the ancestral founders of the IF protein superfamily. Lamins polymerize into fibers forming a complex protein meshwork in vivo and, like all IF proteins, have a tripartite structure with two globular head and tail domains flanking a central α-helical rod domain, which supports the formation of higher-order polymers. Mutations in lamins cause a large number of diverse human diseases, collectively known as the laminopathies, underscoring their functional importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis A Dittmer
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20896, USA.
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Kubben N, Voncken JW, Misteli T. Mapping of protein- and chromatin-interactions at the nuclear lamina. Nucleus 2010; 1:460-71. [PMID: 21327087 PMCID: PMC3027047 DOI: 10.4161/nucl.1.6.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear envelope and the lamina define the nuclear periphery and are implicated in many nuclear processes including chromatin organization, transcription and DNA replication. Mutations in lamin A proteins, major components of the lamina, interfere with these functions and cause a set of phenotypically diverse diseases referred to as laminopathies. The phenotypic diversity of laminopathies is thought to be the result of alterations in specific protein- and chromatin interactions due to lamin A mutations. Systematic identification of lamin A-protein and -chromatin interactions will be critical to uncover the molecular etiology of laminopathies. Here we summarize and critically discuss recent technology to analyze lamina-protein and-chromatin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nard Kubben
- Center for Heart Failure Research; Maastricht, The Netherlands
- National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Jan Willem Voncken
- Department of Molecular Genetics; Maastricht University Medical Center; Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Misteli
- National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA
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