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Zhang H, Sun B, Wu W, Li Y, Yin Z, Lu C, Zhao H, Kong L, Ding X. The MYB transcription factor OsMYBxoc1 regulates resistance to Xoc by directly repressing transcription of the iron transport gene OsNRAMP5 in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100859. [PMID: 38444161 PMCID: PMC11211514 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial leaf streak caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) is a continuous threat to rice cultivation, leading to substantial yield losses with socioeconomic implications. Iron ions are essential mineral nutrients for plant growth, but little information is available on how they influence mechanisms of rice immunity against Xoc. Here, we investigated the role of the myeloblastosis-related (MYB) transcriptional repressor OsMYBxoc1 in modulation of rice resistance through control of iron ion transport. Overexpression of OsMYBxoc1 significantly increased rice resistance, whereas OsMYBxoc1 RNA-interference lines and knockout mutants showed the opposite result. Suppression of OsMYBxoc1 expression dampened the immune response induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns. We demonstrated that OsMYBxoc1 binds specifically to the OsNRAMP5 promoter and represses transcription of OsNRAMP5. OsNRAMP5, a negative regulator of rice resistance to bacterial leaf streak, possesses metal ion transport activity, and inhibition of OsMYBxoc1 expression increased the iron ion content in rice. Activity of the ion-dependent H2O2 scavenging enzyme catalase was increased in plants with suppressed expression of OsMYBxoc1 or overexpression of OsNRAMP5. We found that iron ions promoted Xoc infection and interfered with the production of reactive oxygen species induced by Xoc. The type III effector XopAK directly inhibited OsMYBxoc1 transcription, indicating that the pathogen may promote its own proliferation by relieving restriction of iron ion transport in plants. In addition, iron complemented the pathogenicity defects of the RS105_ΔXopAK mutant strain, further confirming that iron utilization by Xoc may be dependent upon XopAK. In conclusion, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which OsMYBxoc1 modulates rice resistance by regulating iron accumulation and demonstrates that Xoc can accumulate iron ions by secreting the effector XopAK to promote its own infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Baolong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Ziyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Chongchong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Haipeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Lingguang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
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Gong M, Bai N, Su J, Wang Y, Wei Y, Zhang Q. Transcriptome analysis of Gossypium reveals the molecular mechanisms of Ca 2+ signaling pathway on arsenic tolerance induced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1362296. [PMID: 38591035 PMCID: PMC11000422 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1362296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been demonstrated their ability to enhance the arsenic (As) tolerance of host plants, and making the utilization of mycorrhizal plants a promising and practical approach for remediating As-contaminated soils. However, comprehensive transcriptome analysis to reveal the molecular mechanism of As tolerance in the symbiotic process between AMF and host plants is still limited. Methods In this study, transcriptomic analysis of Gossypium seedlings was conducted with four treatments: non-inoculated Gossypium under non-As stress (CK0), non-inoculated Gossypium under As stress (CK100), F. mosseae-inoculated Gossypium under non-As stress (FM0), and F. mosseae-inoculated Gossypium under As stress (FM100). Results Our results showed that inoculation with F. mosseae led to a reduction in net fluxes of Ca2+, while increasing Ca2+ contents in the roots and leaves of Gossypium under the same As level in soil. Notably, 199 and 3129 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were specially regulated by F. mosseae inoculation under As stress and non-As stress, respectively. Through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation and enrichment analyses, we found that under As stress, F. mosseae inoculation up-regulated a significant number of genes related to the Ca2+ signaling pathway genes, involved in cellular process, membrane part, and signal transduction. This suggests a potential role in mitigating As tolerance in Gossypium seedlings. Furthermore, our analysis identified specific DEGs in transcription factor families, including ERF, MYB, NAC, and WRKY, that were upregulated by F. mosseae inoculation. Conversely, MYB and HB-other were down-regulated. The ERF and MYB families exhibited the highest number of up- and down-regulated DEGs, respectively, which were speculated to play an important role in alleviating the As toxicity of Gossypium. Discussion Our findings provided valuable insights into the molecular theoretical basis of the Ca2+ signaling pathway in improving As tolerance of mycorrhizal plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggui Gong
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Na Bai
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiajie Su
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yanan Wei
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qiaoming Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Yang X, Yan S, Li Y, Li G, Sun S, Li J, Cui Z, Huo J, Sun Y, Wang X, Liu F. Comparison of Transcriptome between Tolerant and Susceptible Rice Cultivar Reveals Positive and Negative Regulators of Response to Rhizoctonia solani in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14310. [PMID: 37762614 PMCID: PMC10532033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the world's most crucial food crops, as it currently supports more than half of the world's population. However, the presence of sheath blight (SB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani has become a significant issue for rice agriculture. This disease is responsible for causing severe yield losses each year and is a threat to global food security. The breeding of SB-resistant rice varieties requires a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved and the exploration of immune genes in rice. To this end, we conducted a screening of rice cultivars for resistance to SB and compared the transcriptome based on RNA-seq between the most tolerant and susceptible cultivars. Our study revealed significant transcriptomic differences between the tolerant cultivar ZhengDao 22 (ZD) and the most susceptible cultivar XinZhi No.1 (XZ) in response to R. solani invasion. Specifically, the tolerant cultivar showed 7066 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while the susceptible cultivar showed only 60 DEGs. In further analysis, we observed clear differences in gene category between up- and down-regulated expression of genes (uDEGs and dDEGs) based on Gene Ontology (GO) classes in response to infection in the tolerant cultivar ZD, and then identified uDEGs related to cell surface pattern recognition receptors, the Ca2+ ion signaling pathway, and the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade that play a positive role against R. solani. In addition, DEGs of the jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling pathways were mainly positively regulated, whereas DEGs of the auxin signaling pathway were mainly negatively regulated. Transcription factors were involved in the immune response as either positive or negative regulators of the response to this pathogen. Furthermore, our results showed that chloroplasts play a crucial role and that reduced photosynthetic capacity is a critical feature of this response. The results of this research have important implications for better characterization of the molecular mechanism of SB resistance and for the development of resistant cultivars through molecular breeding methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shuangyong Yan
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Guangsheng Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shuqin Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Junling Li
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Zhongqiu Cui
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jianfei Huo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Fangzhou Liu
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
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Liu X, Wang X, Yang C, Wang G, Fan B, Shang Y, Dang C, Xie C, Wang Z. Genome-wide identification of TaCIPK gene family members in wheat and their roles in host response to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125691. [PMID: 37422244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive disease affecting wheat crops worldwide. Functional genes can be activated in response to Bgt inoculations. Calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) together with CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) forms the CBL-CIPK protein complex that participates in Ca2+ sensor kinase-related signaling pathways responding to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, we performed a genome-wide screening and identified 27 CIPK subfamilies (123 CIPK transcripts, TaCIPKs) including 55 new and 47 updated TaCIPKs in wheat. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 123 TaCIPKs could be divided into four groups. Segmental duplications and tandem repeats promoted the expansion of the TaCIPK family. Gene function was further evidenced by differences in gene structure, cis-elements, and protein domains. TaCIPK15-4A was cloned in this study. TaCIPK15-4A contained 17 serine, seven tyrosine, and 15 threonine phosphorylation sites and localized in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. TaCIPK15-4A expression was induced after Bgt inoculation. Virus-induced gene silencing and overexpression experiments indicated that TaCIPK15-4A could play a positive role in wheat disease resistance to Bgt. Overall, these results provide insights into the role of the TaCIPK gene family in wheat resistance and could be beneficial for further research to prevent Bgt infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Chenxiao Yang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Baoli Fan
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Yuntao Shang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Chen Dang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chaojie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenying Wang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China.
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Bhar A, Chakraborty A, Roy A. The captivating role of calcium in plant-microbe interaction. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1138252. [PMID: 36938033 PMCID: PMC10020633 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1138252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant immune response is fascinating due to the complete absence of a humoral system. The adaptive immune response in plants relies on the intracellular orchestration of signalling molecules or intermediates associated with transcriptional reprogramming. Plant disease response phenomena largely depend on pathogen recognition, signal perception, and intracellular signal transduction. The pathogens possess specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) or microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMP), which are first identified by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of host plants for successful infection. After successful pathogen recognition, the defence response is initiated within plants. The first line of non-specific defence response is called PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI), followed by the specific robust signalling is called effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Calcium plays a crucial role in both PTI and ETI. The biphasic induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is inevitable in any plant-microbe interaction. Calcium ions play crucial roles in the initial oxidative burst and ROS induction. Different pathogens can induce calcium accumulation in the cytosol ([Ca2+]Cyt), called calcium signatures. These calcium signatures further control the diverse defence-responsive proteins in the intracellular milieu. These calcium signatures then activate calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), calcium calmodulins (CaMs), calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), etc., to impart intricate defence signalling within the cell. Decoding this calcium ionic map is imperative to unveil any plant microbe interplay and modulate defence-responsive pathways. Hence, the present review is unique in developing concepts of calcium signature in plants and their subsequent decoding mechanism. This review also intends to articulate early sensing of calcium oscillation, signalling events, and comprehensive mechanistic roles of calcium within plants during pathogenic ingression. This will accumulate and summarize the exciting roles of calcium ions in plant immunity and provide the foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Bhar
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
| | - Amrita Chakraborty
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Amit Roy
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Liu S, Wang T, Meng G, Liu J, Lu D, Liu X, Zeng Y. Cytological observation and transcriptome analysis reveal dynamic changes of Rhizoctonia solani colonization on leaf sheath and different genes recruited between the resistant and susceptible genotypes in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1055277. [PMID: 36407598 PMCID: PMC9669801 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1055277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is a big threat to the global rice production. To characterize the early development of R. solani on rice leaf and leaf sheath, two genotypes, GD66 (a resistant genotype) and Lemont (a susceptible genotype), were observed using four cytological techniques: the whole-mount eosin B-staining confocal laser scanning microscopy (WE-CLSM), stereoscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and plastic semi-thin sectioning after in vitro inoculation. WE-CLSM observation showed that, at 12 h post-inoculation (hpi), the amount of hyphae increased dramatically on leaf and sheath surface, the infection cushions occurred and maintained at a huge number from about 18 to 36 hpi, and then the infection cushions disappeared gradually from about 42 to 72 hpi. Interestingly, R. solani could not only colonize on the abaxial surfaces of leaf sheath but also invade the paraxial side of the leaf sheath, which shows a different behavior from that of leaf. RNA sequencing detected 6,234 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for Lemont and 7,784 DEGs for GD66 at 24 hpi, and 2,523 DEGs for Lemont and 2,719 DEGs for GD66 at 48 hpi, suggesting that GD66 is recruiting more genes in fighting against the pathogen. Among DEGs, resistant genes, such as OsRLCK5, Xa21, and Pid2, displayed higher expression in the resistant genotype than the susceptible genotype at both 24 and 48 hpi, which were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Our results indicated that the resistance phenotype of GD66 was the consequence of recruiting a series of resistance genes involved in different regulatory pathways. WE-CLSM is a powerful technique for uncovering the mechanism of R. solani invading rice and for detecting rice sheath blight-resistant germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianya Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoxian Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dibai Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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Molecular and expression analysis indicate the role of CBL interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) in abiotic stress signaling and development in chickpea. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16862. [PMID: 36207429 PMCID: PMC9546895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBL)-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) regulate the developmental processes, hormone signal transduction and stress responses in plants. Although the genome sequence of chickpea is available, information related to the CIPK gene family is missing in this important crop plant. Here, a total of 22 CIPK genes were identified and characterized in chickpea. We found a high degree of structural and evolutionary conservation in the chickpea CIPK family. Our analysis showed that chickpea CIPKs have evolved with dicots such as Arabidopsis and soybean, and extensive gene duplication events have played an important role in the evolution and expansion of the CIPK gene family in chickpea. The three-dimensional structure of chickpea CIPKs was described by protein homology modelling. Most CIPK proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus, as predicted by subcellular localization analysis. Promoter analysis revealed various cis-regulatory elements related to plant development, hormone signaling, and abiotic stresses. RNA-seq expression analysis indicated that CIPKs are significantly expressed through a spectrum of developmental stages, tissue/organs that hinted at their important role in plant development. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that several CaCIPK genes had specific and overlapping expressions in different abiotic stresses like drought, salt, and ABA, suggesting the important role of this gene family in abiotic stress signaling in chickpea. Thus, this study provides an avenue for detailed functional characterization of the CIPK gene family in chickpea and other legume crops.
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Le Boulch P, Poëssel JL, Roux D, Lugan R. Molecular mechanisms of resistance to Myzus persicae conferred by the peach Rm2 gene: A multi-omics view. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:992544. [PMID: 36275570 PMCID: PMC9581297 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.992544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of peach to Myzus persicae infestation were studied in Rubira, an accession carrying the major resistance gene Rm2 causing antixenosis, and GF305, a susceptible accession. Transcriptome and metabolome showed both a massive reconfiguration in Rubira 48 hours after infestation while GF305 displayed very limited changes. The Rubira immune system was massively stimulated, with simultaneous activation of genes encoding cell surface receptors involved in pattern-triggered immunity and cytoplasmic NLRs (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing proteins) involved in effector-triggered immunity. Hypersensitive reaction featured by necrotic lesions surrounding stylet punctures was supported by the induction of cell death stimulating NLRs/helpers couples, as well as the activation of H2O2-generating metabolic pathways: photorespiratory glyoxylate synthesis and activation of the futile P5C/proline cycle. The triggering of systemic acquired resistance was suggested by the activation of pipecolate pathway and accumulation of this defense hormone together with salicylate. Important reduction in carbon, nitrogen and sulphur metabolic pools and the repression of many genes related to cell division and growth, consistent with reduced apices elongation, suggested a decline in the nutritional value of apices. Finally, the accumulation of caffeic acid conjugates pointed toward their contribution as deterrent and/or toxic compounds in the mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Roux
- UMR Qualisud, Avignon Université, Avignon, France
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Campo S, Sánchez‐Sanuy F, Camargo‐Ramírez R, Gómez‐Ariza J, Baldrich P, Campos‐Soriano L, Soto‐Suárez M, San Segundo B. A novel Transposable element-derived microRNA participates in plant immunity to rice blast disease. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:1798-1811. [PMID: 33780108 PMCID: PMC8428829 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that direct post-transcriptional gene silencing in plant development and stress responses through cleavage or translational repression of target mRNAs. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of a new member of the miR812 family in rice (named as miR812w) involved in disease resistance. miR812w is present in cultivated Oryza species, both japonica and indica subspecies, and wild rice species within the Oryza genus, but not in dicotyledonous species. miR812w is a 24nt-long that requires DCL3 for its biogenesis and is loaded into AGO4 proteins. Whereas overexpression of miR812w increased resistance to infection by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated MIR812w editing enhances disease susceptibility, supporting that miR812w plays a role in blast resistance. We show that miR812w derives from the Stowaway type of rice MITEs (Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements). Moreover, miR812w directs DNA methylation in trans at target genes that have integrated a Stowaway MITE copy into their 3' or 5' untranslated region (ACO3, CIPK10, LRR genes), as well as in cis at the MIR812w locus. The target genes of miR812 were found to be hypo-methylated around the miR812 recognition site, their expression being up-regulated in transgene-free CRISPR/Cas9-edited miR812 plants. These findings further support that, in addition to post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, miRNAs can exert their regulatory function at the transcriptional level. This relationship between miR812w and Stowaway MITEs integrated into multiple coding genes might eventually create a network for miR812w-mediated regulation of gene expression with implications in rice immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Campo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)C/ de la Vall Moronta, CRAG BuildingBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Ferran Sánchez‐Sanuy
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)C/ de la Vall Moronta, CRAG BuildingBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Rosany Camargo‐Ramírez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)C/ de la Vall Moronta, CRAG BuildingBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Jorge Gómez‐Ariza
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)C/ de la Vall Moronta, CRAG BuildingBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Patricia Baldrich
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)C/ de la Vall Moronta, CRAG BuildingBarcelona08193Spain
- Present address:
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center975 N Warson RoadSt. LouisMO63132USA
| | - Lidia Campos‐Soriano
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)C/ de la Vall Moronta, CRAG BuildingBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Mauricio Soto‐Suárez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)C/ de la Vall Moronta, CRAG BuildingBarcelona08193Spain
- Present address:
Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria. AGROSAVIAKm 14 vía Mosquera‐BogotáMosquera250047Colombia
| | - Blanca San Segundo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG)CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)C/ de la Vall Moronta, CRAG BuildingBarcelona08193Spain
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Aslam M, Fakher B, Anandhan S, Pande V, Ahmed Z, Qin Y. Ectopic Expression of Cold Responsive LlaCIPK Gene Enhances Cold Stress Tolerance in Nicotiana tabacum. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E446. [PMID: 31212842 PMCID: PMC6627969 DOI: 10.3390/genes10060446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature stress severely affects the growth, development, and geographical distribution of various crop plants, resulting in significant economic loss to producers. In a quest to identify cold-regulated genes, we constructed a cDNA suppression subtractive library from a high altitude adapted ecotype of Lepidium. We cloned a cold-induced gene LlaCIPK from the subtracted cDNA library which gave homology to Arabidopsis CIPK15 gene. The predicted 3D structure of LlaCIPK protein also showed homology with Arabidopsis CIPK protein. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis in Lepidium seedlings exposed to 6 h of cold stress shows a 3-fold increase in the expression of LlaCIPK transcript. The expression of LlaCIPK was also differentially regulated by ethylene, CaCl2, ABA, and SA treatments. Ethylene and CaCl2 treatments up regulated LlaCIPK expression, whereas ABA and SA treatments down regulated the LlaCIPK expression. Transgenic plants overexpressing LlaCIPK gene under constitutive promoter show an increased level of proline and cell membrane stability. Taken together, our results suggest that the LlaCIPK contributes to the cold-response pathway in Lepidium plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Beenish Fakher
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | | | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaon University Bhimtal Campus, Bhimtal 263136, India.
| | - Zakwan Ahmed
- Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research, Goraparao, Haldwani 263139, India.
| | - Yuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Xia D, Zhao Q, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Qiu Z, Shen D, Lu C. Label-free proteomic analysis of silkworm midgut infected by Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J Proteomics 2019; 200:40-50. [PMID: 30904731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) is the most damaging virus for the production of silkworm cocoons. Antivirus research continues to be an important aspect of the silkworm industry. Two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry have been applied for analyzing the midgut proteome of BmNPV-infected silkworms. In recent years, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) method has frequently been used when studying interaction between BmNPV and Bombyx mori, and useful information has been obtained. In this study, midgut proteins of BmNPV-infected silkworms were extracted from silkworm variety NIL·LVR with anti-BmNPV activity at 48 h, and proteome analysis was carried out using the label-free method. 2196 proteins were identified. Among them, there were 85 differentially expressed proteins, 45 upregulated proteins (immune-activated proteins), 28 downregulated proteins, and six proteins were specific for the BmNPV group and another six specific for control group. Many of the immune-activated proteins have been reported to have innate immune functions, and the downregulated proteins are involved in apoptosis or abnormal cell viability. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for host defense against BmNPV infection by both innate immunity and apoptosis, revealing the potential function of the midgut after oral infection of BmNPV in Bombyx mori. SIGNIFICANCE: Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) has a great impact on the sericulture industry. However, the mechanism of resistance to BmNPV has not been fully elucidated. The silkworm midgut is not only the major organ for food digestion and nutrient absorption but also an immune organ serving as the first line of defense against microbial invasion and proliferation. Here we combined label-free quantitative proteomic, bioinformatics, quantitative real-time PCR and SDS-PAGE analyses and found that BmNPV invasion causes complex protein alterations in the larval midgut of NIL·LVR with anti-BmNPV activity. The results showed that many upregulated differentially expressed proteins have been reported to have innate immune functions and the downregulation proteins are involved in apoptosis or abnormal cell viability. These findings provide evidence for host defense against BmNPV infection by both innate immunity and apoptosis, and reveals the potential function of the midgut after infection of BmNPV in Bombyx mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Silkworm and Mulberry, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Dingguo Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Silkworm and Mulberry, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China.
| | - Qiaoling Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Silkworm and Mulberry, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Guozheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Silkworm and Mulberry, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Yeshun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Silkworm and Mulberry, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Zhiyong Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Silkworm and Mulberry, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Dongxu Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Silkworm and Mulberry, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericulture Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Sericulture and System Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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12
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Hake K, Romeis T. Protein kinase-mediated signalling in priming: Immune signal initiation, propagation, and establishment of long-term pathogen resistance in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:904-917. [PMID: 30151921 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
"Priming" in plant phytopathology describes a phenomenon where the "experience" of primary infection by microbial pathogens leads to enhanced and beneficial protection of the plant against secondary infection. The plant is able to establish an immune memory, a state of systemic acquired resistance (SAR), in which the information of "having been attacked" is integrated with the action of "being prepared to defend when it happens again." Accordingly, primed plants are often characterized by faster and stronger activation of immune reactions that ultimately result in a reduction of pathogen spread and growth. Prerequisites for SAR are (a) the initiation of immune signalling subsequent to pathogen recognition, (b) a rapid defence signal propagation from a primary infected local site to uninfected distal parts of the plant, and (c) a switch into an immune signal-dependent establishment and subsequent long-lasting maintenance of phytohormone salicylic acid-based systemic immunity. Here, we provide a summary on protein kinases that contribute to these three conceptual aspects of "priming" in plant phytopathology, complemented by data addressing the role of protein kinases crucial for immune signal initiation also for signal propagation and SAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hake
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tina Romeis
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Yan Y, He X, Hu W, Liu G, Wang P, He C, Shi H. Functional analysis of MeCIPK23 and MeCBL1/9 in cassava defense response against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:887-900. [PMID: 29523964 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE MeCIPK23 interacts with MeCBL1/9, and they confer improved defense response, providing potential genes for further genetic breeding in cassava. Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important food crop in tropical area, but its production is largely affected by cassava bacterial blight. However, the information of defense-related genes in cassava is very limited. Calcium ions play essential roles in plant development and stress signaling pathways. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are crucial components of calcium signals. In this study, systematic expression profile of 25MeCIPKs in response to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) infection was examined, by which seven candidate MeCIPKs were chosen for functional investigation. Through transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, we found that six MeCIPKs (MeCIPK5, MeCIPK8, MeCIPK12, MeCIPK22, MeCIPK23 and MeCIPK24) conferred improved defense response, via regulating the transcripts of several defense-related genes. Notably, we found that MeCIPK23 interacted with MeCBL1 and MeCBL9, and overexpression of these genes conferred improved defense response. On the contrary, virus-induced gene silencing of either MeCIPK23 or MeCBL1/9 or both genes resulted in disease sensitive in cassava. To our knowledge, this is the first study identifying MeCIPK23 as well as MeCBL1 and MeCBL9 that confer enhanced defense response against Xam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xinyi He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Xueyuan Road 4, Haikou, 571101, Hainan Province, China
| | - Guoyin Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chaozu He
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources and College of Biology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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14
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Peng Y, van Wersch R, Zhang Y. Convergent and Divergent Signaling in PAMP-Triggered Immunity and Effector-Triggered Immunity. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2018; 31:403-409. [PMID: 29135338 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-06-17-0145-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants use diverse immune receptors to sense pathogen attacks. Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors localized on the plasma membrane leads to PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). Detection of pathogen effectors by intracellular or plasma membrane-localized immune receptors results in effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Despite the large variations in the magnitude and duration of immune responses triggered by different PAMPs or pathogen effectors during PTI and ETI, plasma membrane-localized immune receptors activate similar downstream molecular events such as mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, oxidative burst, ion influx, and increased biosynthesis of plant defense hormones, indicating that defense signals initiated at the plasma membrane converge at later points. On the other hand, activation of ETI by immune receptors localized to the nucleus appears to be more directly associated with transcriptional regulation of defense gene expression. Here, we review recent progress in signal transductions downstream of different groups of plant immune receptors, highlighting the converging and diverging molecular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Peng
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Rowan van Wersch
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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15
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Lu YC, Zhang JJ, Luo F, Huang MT, Yang H. RNA-sequencing Oryza sativa transcriptome in response to herbicide isoprotruon and characterization of genes involved in IPU detoxification. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25986j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and UPLC-MS/MS in rice was performed to explore the regulatory mechanism of mRNA level and chemical metabolism in response to herbicide isoproturon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Jing Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Fang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Meng Tian Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
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16
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Meena MK, Ghawana S, Sardar A, Dwivedi V, Khandal H, Roy R, Chattopadhyay D. Investigation of genes encoding calcineurin B-like protein family in legumes and their expression analyses in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123640. [PMID: 25853855 PMCID: PMC4390317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger that transmits various internal and external signals including stresses and, therefore, is important for plants’ response process. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are one of the plant calcium sensors, which sense and convey the changes in cytosolic Ca2+-concentration for response process. A search in four leguminous plant (soybean, Medicago truncatula, common bean and chickpea) genomes identified 9 to 15 genes in each species that encode CBL proteins. Sequence analyses of CBL peptides and coding sequences (CDS) suggested that there are nine original CBL genes in these legumes and some of them were multiplied during whole genome or local gene duplication. Coding sequences of chickpea CBL genes (CaCBL) were cloned from their cDNAs and sequenced, and their annotations in the genome assemblies were corrected accordingly. Analyses of protein sequences and gene structures of CBL family in plant kingdom indicated its diverse origin but showed a remarkable conservation in overall protein structure with appearance of complex gene structure in the course of evolution. Expression of CaCBL genes in different tissues and in response to different stress and hormone treatment were studied. Most of the CaCBL genes exhibited high expression in flowers. Expression profile of CaCBL genes in response to different abiotic stresses and hormones related to development and stresses (ABA, auxin, cytokinin, SA and JA) at different time intervals suggests their diverse roles in development and plant defence in addition to abiotic stress tolerance. These data not only contribute to a better understanding of the complex regulation of chickpea CBL gene family, but also provide valuable information for further research in chickpea functional genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Meena
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sanjay Ghawana
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Atish Sardar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Vikas Dwivedi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Hitaishi Khandal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Riti Roy
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Debasis Chattopadhyay
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- * E-mail:
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17
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Seybold H, Trempel F, Ranf S, Scheel D, Romeis T, Lee J. Ca2+ signalling in plant immune response: from pattern recognition receptors to Ca2+ decoding mechanisms. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 204:782-90. [PMID: 25539002 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a ubiquitous second messenger for cellular signalling in various stresses and developmental processes. Here, we summarize current developments in the roles of Ca2+ during plant immunity responses. We discuss the early perception events preceding and necessary for triggering cellular Ca2+ fluxes, the potential Ca2+-permeable channels, the decoding of Ca2+ signals predominantly via Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation events and transcriptional reprogramming. To highlight the complexity of the cellular signal network, we briefly touch on the interplay between Ca2+-dependent signalling and selected major signalling mechanisms--with special emphasis on reactive oxygen species at local and systemic levels.
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18
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Giong HK, Moon S, Jung KH. A systematic view of the rice calcineurin B-like protein interacting protein kinase family. Genes Genomics 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-014-0229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Zhou Q, Jia J, Huang X, Yan X, Cheng L, Chen S, Li X, Peng X, Liu G. The large-scale investigation of gene expression in Leymus chinensis stigmas provides a valuable resource for understanding the mechanisms of poaceae self-incompatibility. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:399. [PMID: 24886329 PMCID: PMC4045969 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many Poaceae species show a gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system, which is controlled by at least two independent and multiallelic loci, S and Z. Until currently, the gene products for S and Z were unknown. Grass SI plant stigmas discriminate between pollen grains that land on its surface and support compatible pollen tube growth and penetration into the stigma, whereas recognizing incompatible pollen and thus inhibiting pollination behaviors. Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. (sheepgrass) is a Poaceae SI species. A comprehensive analysis of sheepgrass stigma transcriptome may provide valuable information for understanding the mechanism of pollen-stigma interactions and grass SI. RESULTS The transcript abundance profiles of mature stigmas, mature ovaries and leaves were examined using high-throughput next generation sequencing technology. A comparative transcriptomic analysis of these tissues identified 1,025 specifically or preferentially expressed genes in sheepgrass stigmas. These genes contained a significant proportion of genes predicted to function in cell-cell communication and signal transduction. We identified 111 putative transcription factors (TFs) genes and the most abundant groups were MYB, C2H2, C3H, FAR1, MADS. Comparative analysis of the sheepgrass, rice and Arabidopsis stigma-specific or preferential datasets showed broad similarities and some differences in the proportion of genes in the Gene Ontology (GO) functional categories. Potential SI candidate genes identified in other grasses were also detected in the sheepgrass stigma-specific or preferential dataset. Quantitative real-time PCR experiments validated the expression pattern of stigma preferential genes including homologous grass SI candidate genes. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first large-scale investigation of gene expression in the stigmas of an SI grass species. We uncovered many notable genes that are potentially involved in pollen-stigma interactions and SI mechanisms, including genes encoding receptor-like protein kinases (RLK), CBL (calcineurin B-like proteins) interacting protein kinases, calcium-dependent protein kinase, expansins, pectinesterase, peroxidases and various transcription factors. The availability of a pool of stigma-specific or preferential genes for L. chinensis offers an opportunity to elucidate the mechanisms of SI in Poaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Zhou
- />Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093 China
| | - Junting Jia
- />Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093 China
| | - Xing Huang
- />Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093 China
| | | | - Liqin Cheng
- />Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093 China
| | - Shuangyan Chen
- />Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093 China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- />Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093 China
| | - Xianjun Peng
- />Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093 China
| | - Gongshe Liu
- />Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093 China
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20
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Zhang L, Du L, Poovaiah B. Calcium signaling and biotic defense responses in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2014; 9:e973818. [PMID: 25482778 PMCID: PMC4623097 DOI: 10.4161/15592324.2014.973818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca(2+)) acts as an important second messenger in plant cells. Cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration in plant cells changes rapidly and dynamically in response to various endogenous or environmental cues. Elevation in calcium concentration in plant cells is an essential early event during plant defense responses. Alterations in the Ca(2+) concentration are sensed by Ca(2+)-binding proteins, including calmodulin, calcium-dependent protein kinases and calcineurin B-like proteins, which relay or decode the encoded Ca(2+) signals into specific cellular and physiological responses in order to survive challenges by pathogens. Genetic and functional studies have revealed that Ca(2+) signaling plays both positive and negative roles in regulating the establishment of defense responses. Furthermore, recent studies revealed that actions of Ca(2+)-mediated signaling could be regulated by other cell signaling systems such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system to mount precise and prompt plant defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Graduate Program in Molecular Plant Sciences; Washington State University; Pullman, WA USA
- Department of Horticulture; Washington State University; Pullman, WA USA
- Current Address: Department of Plant Pathology; Washington State University; Pullman, WA USA
| | - Liqun Du
- Department of Horticulture; Washington State University; Pullman, WA USA
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - B.W. Poovaiah
- Graduate Program in Molecular Plant Sciences; Washington State University; Pullman, WA USA
- Department of Horticulture; Washington State University; Pullman, WA USA
- Correspondence to: B.W. Poovaiah;
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21
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Steinhorst L, Kudla J. Calcium and reactive oxygen species rule the waves of signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 163:471-85. [PMID: 23898042 PMCID: PMC3793029 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.222950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling and reactive oxygen species signaling are directly connected, and both contribute to cell-to-cell signal propagation in plants.
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22
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Yang B, Ruan R, Cantu D, Wang X, Ji W, Ronald PC, Dubcovsky J. A comparative approach expands the protein-protein interaction node of the immune receptor XA21 in wheat and rice. Genome 2013; 56:315-26. [PMID: 23957671 PMCID: PMC4873545 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2013-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The rice (Oryza sativa) OsXA21 receptor kinase is a well-studied immune receptor that initiates a signal transduction pathway leading to resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Two homologs of OsXA21 were identified in wheat (Triticum aestivum): TaXA21-like1 located in a syntenic region with OsXA21, and TaXA21-like2 located in a nonsyntenic region. Proteins encoded by these two wheat genes interact with four wheat orthologs of known OsXA21 interactors. In this study, we screened a wheat yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) library using the cytosolic portion of TaXA21-like1 as bait to identify additional interactors. Using full-length T. aestivum and T. monococcum proteins and Y2H assays we identified three novel TaXA21-like1 interactors (TaARG, TaPR2, TmSKL1) plus one previously known in rice (TaSGT1). An additional full-length wheat protein (TaCIPK14) interacted with TaXA21-like2 and OsXA21 but not with TaXA21-like1. The interactions of TaXA21-like1 with TmSKL1 and TaSGT1 were also observed in rice protoplasts using bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. We then cloned the rice homologs of the novel wheat interactors and confirmed that they all interact with OsXA21. This last result suggests that interspecific comparative interactome analyses can be used not only to transfer known interactions from rice to wheat, but also to identify novel interactions in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoju Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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23
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de la Torre F, Gutiérrez-Beltrán E, Pareja-Jaime Y, Chakravarthy S, Martin GB, del Pozo O. The tomato calcium sensor Cbl10 and its interacting protein kinase Cipk6 define a signaling pathway in plant immunity. THE PLANT CELL 2013; 25:2748-64. [PMID: 23903322 PMCID: PMC3753395 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.113530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+) signaling is an early and necessary event in plant immunity. The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) kinase Pto triggers localized programmed cell death (PCD) upon recognition of Pseudomonas syringae effectors AvrPto or AvrPtoB. In a virus-induced gene silencing screen in Nicotiana benthamiana, we independently identified two components of a Ca(2+)-signaling system, Cbl10 (for calcineurin B-like protein) and Cipk6 (for calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase), as their silencing inhibited Pto/AvrPto-elicited PCD. N. benthamiana Cbl10 and Cipk6 are also required for PCD triggered by other plant resistance genes and virus, oomycete, and nematode effectors and for host susceptibility to two P. syringae pathogens. Tomato Cipk6 interacts with Cbl10 and its in vitro kinase activity is enhanced in the presence of Cbl10 and Ca(2+), suggesting that tomato Cbl10 and Cipk6 constitute a Ca(2+)-regulated signaling module. Overexpression of tomato Cipk6 in N. benthamiana leaves causes accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which requires the respiratory burst homolog RbohB. Tomato Cbl10 and Cipk6 interact with RbohB at the plasma membrane. Finally, Cbl10 and Cipk6 contribute to ROS generated during effector-triggered immunity in the interaction of P. syringae pv tomato DC3000 and N. benthamiana. We identify a role for the Cbl/Cipk signaling module in PCD, establishing a mechanistic link between Ca(2+) and ROS signaling in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando de la Torre
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Emilio Gutiérrez-Beltrán
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Yolanda Pareja-Jaime
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Gregory B. Martin
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853
- Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
- Genomics and Biotechnology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olga del Pozo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Seville, Spain
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24
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Großkinsky DK, van der Graaff E, Roitsch T. Phytoalexin transgenics in crop protection--fairy tale with a happy end? PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 195:54-70. [PMID: 22920999 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Phytoalexins are pathogen induced low molecular weight compounds with antimicrobial activities derived from secondary metabolism. Following their identification, phytoalexins were directly incorporated into the network of plant defense responses. Due to their heterogeneity, the metabolic pathways involved in phytoalexin formation and in particular the regulatory mechanisms remained elusive. Consequently, research focus shifted to the characterization of other components of plant immunity such as defense signaling and resistance mechanisms, including components of systemic acquired and induced systemic resistance, effector and pathogen-associated molecular pattern triggered immunity as well as R-gene resistance. Despite the obtained knowledge on these immunity mechanisms, genetic engineering employing these mechanisms and classical breeding reached too low improvements in crop protection, probably because classical breeding focused on yield performance and taste, rather than pathogen resistance. The increasing demand for disease resistant crop species and the aim to reduce pesticide application therefore requires alternative approaches. Recent advances in the understanding of phytoalexin function, biosynthesis and regulation, in combination with novel methods of molecular engineering and advances in instrumental analysis, returned attention to phytoalexins as a potent target for improving crop protection. Based on this, the advantages as well as potential bottlenecks for molecular approaches of modulating inducible phytoalexins to improve crop protection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik K Großkinsky
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 51, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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25
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Hamada H, Kurusu T, Okuma E, Nokajima H, Kiyoduka M, Koyano T, Sugiyama Y, Okada K, Koga J, Saji H, Miyao A, Hirochika H, Yamane H, Murata Y, Kuchitsu K. Regulation of a proteinaceous elicitor-induced Ca2+ influx and production of phytoalexins by a putative voltage-gated cation channel, OsTPC1, in cultured rice cells. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:9931-9939. [PMID: 22270358 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.337659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogen/microbe- or plant-derived signaling molecules (PAMPs/MAMPs/DAMPs) or elicitors induce increases in the cytosolic concentration of free Ca(2+) followed by a series of defense responses including biosynthesis of antimicrobial secondary metabolites called phytoalexins; however, the molecular links and regulatory mechanisms of the phytoalexin biosynthesis remains largely unknown. A putative voltage-gated cation channel, OsTPC1 has been shown to play a critical role in hypersensitive cell death induced by a fungal xylanase protein (TvX) in suspension-cultured rice cells. Here we show that TvX induced a prolonged increase in cytosolic Ca(2+), mainly due to a Ca(2+) influx through the plasma membrane. Membrane fractionation by two-phase partitioning and immunoblot analyses revealed that OsTPC1 is localized predominantly at the plasma membrane. In retrotransposon-insertional Ostpc1 knock-out cell lines harboring a Ca(2+)-sensitive photoprotein, aequorin, TvX-induced Ca(2+) elevation was significantly impaired, which was restored by expression of OsTPC1. TvX-induced production of major diterpenoid phytoalexins and the expression of a series of diterpene cyclase genes involved in phytoalexin biosynthesis were also impaired in the Ostpc1 cells. Whole cell patch clamp analyses of OsTPC1 heterologously expressed in HEK293T cells showed its voltage-dependent Ca(2+)-permeability. These results suggest that OsTPC1 plays a crucial role in TvX-induced Ca(2+) influx as a plasma membrane Ca(2+)-permeable channel consequently required for the regulation of phytoalexin biosynthesis in cultured rice cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruyasu Hamada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Kurusu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Research Institute for Science and Technology (RIST), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Eiji Okuma
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nokajima
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiyoduka
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoko Koyano
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Sugiyama
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunori Okada
- Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Jinichiro Koga
- Food Science Research Laboratories, Meiji Co., Ltd., 5-3-1, Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama 350-0289, Japan
| | - Hikaru Saji
- Environmental Biology Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506 Japan, and
| | - Akio Miyao
- Division of Genome and Biodiversity Research, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirochika
- Division of Genome and Biodiversity Research, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Yamane
- Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Research Institute for Science and Technology (RIST), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan,.
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26
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Kurusu T, Nishikawa D, Yamazaki Y, Gotoh M, Nakano M, Hamada H, Yamanaka T, Iida K, Nakagawa Y, Saji H, Shinozaki K, Iida H, Kuchitsu K. Plasma membrane protein OsMCA1 is involved in regulation of hypo-osmotic shock-induced Ca2+ influx and modulates generation of reactive oxygen species in cultured rice cells. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:11. [PMID: 22264357 PMCID: PMC3313898 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanosensing and its downstream responses are speculated to involve sensory complexes containing Ca2+-permeable mechanosensitive channels. On recognizing osmotic signals, plant cells initiate activation of a widespread signal transduction network that induces second messengers and triggers inducible defense responses. Characteristic early signaling events include Ca2+ influx, protein phosphorylation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pharmacological analyses show Ca2+ influx mediated by mechanosensitive Ca2+ channels to influence induction of osmotic signals, including ROS generation. However, molecular bases and regulatory mechanisms for early osmotic signaling events remain poorly elucidated. RESULTS We here identified and investigated OsMCA1, the sole rice homolog of putative Ca2+-permeable mechanosensitive channels in Arabidopsis (MCAs). OsMCA1 was specifically localized at the plasma membrane. A promoter-reporter assay suggested that OsMCA1 mRNA is widely expressed in seed embryos, proximal and apical regions of shoots, and mesophyll cells of leaves and roots in rice. Ca2+ uptake was enhanced in OsMCA1-overexpressing suspension-cultured cells, suggesting that OsMCA1 is involved in Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane. Hypo-osmotic shock-induced ROS generation mediated by NADPH oxidases was also enhanced in OsMCA1-overexpressing cells. We also generated and characterized OsMCA1-RNAi transgenic plants and cultured cells; OsMCA1-suppressed plants showed retarded growth and shortened rachises, while OsMCA1-suppressed cells carrying Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein aequorin showed partially impaired changes in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) induced by hypo-osmotic shock and trinitrophenol, an activator of mechanosensitive channels. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a sole MCA ortholog in the rice genome and developed both overexpression and suppression lines. Analyses of cultured cells with altered levels of this putative Ca2+-permeable mechanosensitive channel indicate that OsMCA1 is involved in regulation of plasma membrane Ca2+ influx and ROS generation induced by hypo-osmotic stress in cultured rice cells. These findings shed light on our understanding of mechanical sensing pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Kurusu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology (RIST), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nishikawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yukari Yamazaki
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Mariko Gotoh
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masataka Nakano
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Hamada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamanaka
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuko Iida
- Biomembrane Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakagawa
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan
| | - Hikaru Saji
- Environmental Biology Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Iida
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology (RIST), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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