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Nuwabaine L, Kawuki J, Kamoga L, Sserwanja Q, Gatasi G, Donkor E, Mutisya LM, Asiimwe JB. Factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women in Rwanda: an analysis of the Rwanda demographic and health survey of 2020. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:328. [PMID: 38678175 PMCID: PMC11055334 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06528-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia in pregnancy is associated with several adverse outcomes for mothers and newborns, as well as their families. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of anaemia and the associated factors among pregnant women in Rwanda. METHODS Secondary data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) was used. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select 435 pregnant women included in the study. Anaemia among pregnant women was defined as a haemoglobin value < 11 g/dL. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the associated factors with anaemia in pregnancy, using SPSS (version 26). RESULTS Of the 435 pregnant women, 24.6% (95%CI: 21.1-29.3) were anaemic (1 in 4 pregnant women). Not working (AOR = 2.45; 95%CI: 1.14-5.26), being unmarried (AOR = 1.23; 95%CI: 1.24-3.57), low wealth index (AOR = 9.19; 95%CI: 1.64-51.56), having difficulty accessing a nearby health facility (AOR = 5.40; 95%CI: 2.21-13.23), and normal body mass index (AOR = 3.33; 95%CI: 1.46-7.59) were associated with higher odds of being anaemic. However, not taking iron supplements (AOR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04-0.67), having no exposure to television (AOR = 0.35; 95%CI: 0.14-0.91), being from the southern region (AOR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.03-0.66), and low husband/partner's education (AOR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.59) were associated with lower odds of being anaemic. CONCLUSIONS The study findings indicate a high prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy, which was associated with several socio-demographics. There is a need for setting up mobile clinics and health facilities in hard-to-reach areas for easy accessibility to early anaemia screening services. Conducting mass screening for anaemia targeting pregnant women who are not working, the unmarried, and those with a low wealth index would also be beneficial. The intake of locally available iron rich foods and/ or bio-fortified foods is also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Nuwabaine
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Joseph Kawuki
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Livingstone Kamoga
- Department of Nursing, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Makerere, Uganda
| | | | - Ghislaine Gatasi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Elorm Donkor
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linet M Mutisya
- Maternal and Child Health Project, Swedish Organization for Global Health, Mayuge, Uganda
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Petermann-Rocha F, Ho FK. Vegetarians: Past, Present, and Future Regarding Their Diet Quality and Nutritional Status. Nutrients 2023; 15:3587. [PMID: 37630777 PMCID: PMC10459486 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The term "vegetarian" usually refers to individuals who exclude meat, fish, poultry and/or their derived products from their diet [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Petermann-Rocha
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago 8370068, Chile
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Frederick K. Ho
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TB, UK;
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Kindie E, Getachew M, Abebaw A, Yihunie W, Biyazin Y, Tegegne BA, Abebe D, Akalu TY, Atnaf A. Magnitude of anemia and associated factors among adult patients at Baso Liben District: a cross-sectional study. Expert Rev Hematol 2023; 16:75-80. [PMID: 36382572 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2023.2147499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the fact that anemia is a common health problem with many consequences, its magnitude among adults and the different contributing factors have not been documented in the study setting. Hence, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of anemia and associated factors among adult patients of Baso Liben District. METHODS A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 December 2019, to February 30, 2020. A total of 347 adult patients attending Yejubie Hospital were enrolled in the study. Socio-demographic data were collected through face-to-face interview. Patients' hemoglobin level was determined by a Mindray BC-5800 CBC hematology analyzer. The presence of intestinal parasites and malaria infection were assessed. RESULTS The overall magnitude of anemia was 25.94% with moderate severity according to the WHO anemia classification. The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe anemia was 13.54%, 8.36%, and 4.03%, respectively. Anemia was associated with age range ≥55 years (AOR = 31.66), large family size (AOR = 6.62), being married (AOR = 0.24), intestinal parasite infections (AOR = 4.05), malaria infection (AOR = 4.61), and pregnancy (AOR = 4.09). CONCLUSION The prevalence of anemia was moderate. Intestinal parasitic infection, age, malaria, family size, and pregnancy were associated factors with anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyew Kindie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Melese Getachew
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Abtie Abebaw
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Wubetu Yihunie
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Yalemgeta Biyazin
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Bantayehu Addis Tegegne
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Dehnnet Abebe
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Yirga Akalu
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Aytenew Atnaf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Tagliabue M, D'Ecclesiis O, De Berardinis R, Gaeta A, Martinoli C, Piana AF, Maffini F, Gandini S, Ansarin M, Chiocca S. The prognostic role of sex and hemoglobin levels in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1018886. [PMID: 36457509 PMCID: PMC9706199 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1018886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Women and men differ genetically, biologically (sex) and by social construct (gender), possibly impacting on prognostic factors in predicting cancer survival. Hemoglobin levels and immune system activation are players acting in this scenario which could play a role in partly determining prognosis between patients of different sex/gender (S/G). Here, we investigate these factors in patients affected by tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Methods This is an observational retrospective cohort study. We collected tongue cancer patients' clinical data, including hemoglobin levels and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between women and men considering confounding and prognostic factors in multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Stratified analyses were also conducted by sex and tumor stage. Result 576 patients, 39.9% women and 60.1% men, were found eligible for the analysis. Men were more often smokers (p<0.001), alcohol consumers (p<0.001), overweight or obese (p<0.001) and undergoing radiotherapy (p=0.002). In multivariate models for stage I-II, men showed half risk of death and relapse compared to women (HR=0.44; 95%CI 0.24-0.81, p=0.009; HR=0.55; 95%CI 0.34-0.87, p=0.01, for OS and DFS respectively). Moreover, low hemoglobin levels appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for women but not for men in terms of both OS and DFS. Specifically, women with low hemoglobin levels showed a worse tumor outcome (HR=2.66; 95%CI 1.50-4.70; HR=2.09; 95%CI 1.24-3.53, for OS and DFS respectively). Low hemoglobin levels appeared to be a poor OS prognostic factor for women at stage I-II (p<0.004) but not for men (p=0.10). Women with advanced stage tumors, NLR>2.37, who did not performed Radiotherapy and with depth of invasion (DOI)> 10 were associated with a significant increase in relapse and death (all p<0.05). Conclusion In our cohort of patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, men present better OS and DFS than women with early stages tumors. Low hemoglobin level was an independent prognostic factor for women, especially at early-stage tumors. For advanced stages (III-IV), sex is not a significant factor related to patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tagliabue
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Oriana D'Ecclesiis
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Rita De Berardinis
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Aurora Gaeta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Martinoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Fausto Piana
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fausto Maffini
- Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Mohssen Ansarin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Chiocca
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
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Purnamasari SD, Hsu CY, Chen YT, Kurniawan AL, Lee HA, Chao JCJ. Combined Low Plant and High Animal Dietary Pattern Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Anemia among Dyslipidemic Adult Women in Taiwan: A Retrospective Study from 2001 to 2015. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:6231. [PMID: 35627766 PMCID: PMC9141060 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Anemia and dyslipidemia often occurs in premenopausal women. This study investigated the association between dietary patterns and anemia among dyslipidemic women in Taiwan. This study recruited 22,631 dyslipidemic women aged 20-45 years between 2001 and 2015. The dietary assessment was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. The biochemical data including blood lipids, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were retrieved from the database. Women with a combined high plant diet (HP) and low animal diet (LA) were associated with a lower prevalence of obesity (11.7%), central obesity (16.0%), high total cholesterol (16.4%), and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (11.9%), and had lower hemoglobin (12.9 ± 1.4 g/dL), hematocrit (38.8 ± 3.6%), and CRP levels (20.6 ± 31.4 nmol/L). The low plant diet (LP) + high animal diet (HA) pattern was negatively associated with moderate to severe anemia (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.64-0.92, p = 0.004) compared to the low plant diet (LP) + low animal diet (LA) pattern. However, the HP + LA pattern was positively correlated with moderate to severe anemia (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.43, p = 0.015). In conclusion, a low plant and high animal diet plays a role in preventing anemia development among dyslipidemic women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sintha Dewi Purnamasari
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.D.P.); (A.L.K.)
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Alma Ata, Yogyakarta 55183, Indonesia
- Alma Ata Center for Healthy Life and Foods (ACHEAF), Universitas Alma Ata, Yogyakarta 55183, Indonesia
| | - Chien-Yeh Hsu
- Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Ming-Te Road, Peitou District, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Master Program in Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tien Chen
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Adi Lukas Kurniawan
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.D.P.); (A.L.K.)
- Research Center for Healthcare Industry Innovation, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Ming-Te Road, Peitou District, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-An Lee
- National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan;
| | - Jane C.-J. Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (S.D.P.); (A.L.K.)
- Master Program in Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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6
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Abd Rahman R, Idris IB, Isa ZM, Rahman RA, Mahdy ZA. The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia Among Pregnant Women in Malaysia: A Systematic Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847693. [PMID: 35495961 PMCID: PMC9051477 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anemia in pregnancy is defined as a hemoglobin level of <11 g/dl, and is commonly due to iron deficiency. This systematic review was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of anemia and iron deficiency among pregnant women in Malaysia. A systematic literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. Eight studies comprising a total number of 2,638 pregnant women were included in this review. Only two studies focused on iron deficiency, whereas the other six investigated anemia in pregnancy without specifying iron deficiency or any other nutritional cause for the anemia, signifying the lack of published literature on this important public health nutritional issue in Malaysia. The overall prevalence of anemia in pregnancy ranged from 19.3 to 57.4%, while the prevalence of iron deficiency was 31.6 to 34.6%. Factors that were significantly associated with anemia in pregnancy were extremes of reproductive age, late antenatal booking, non-compliance to hematinics, Indian ethnicity, being in the second or third trimester, low maternal educational level, low family income, and unemployment. The prevalence of anemia in pregnancy was found to be higher in rural compared to urban areas. Meanwhile, in terms of iron deficiency anemia, grandmultiparity, late antenatal booking and Indian ethnicity were significant determinants. It is certainly plausible that the anemia in pregnancy reported in these studies is not entirely secondary to iron deficiency and may be attributable to other nutritional deficiencies, emphasizing the importance of researching deeper into this subject. Nevertheless, in the meantime, focusing on iron supplementation in high-risk mothers with emphasis on compliance, seems to be the best option, in view of the high prevalence of iron deficiency found in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raudah Abd Rahman
- Public Health Division, Health Department of Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur & Putrajaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Idayu Badilla Idris
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Idayu Badilla Idris
| | - Zaleha Md Isa
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
| | - Rahana Abdul Rahman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
| | - Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
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Mohamed HJJ, Loy SL, Mitra AK, Kaur S, Teoh AN, Rahman SHA, Amarra MS. Maternal diet, nutritional status and infant birth weight in Malaysia: a scoping review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:294. [PMID: 35387600 PMCID: PMC8988411 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women's diet and nutritional status during pregnancy are important in influencing birth outcomes. We conducted a systematic scoping review of the best available evidence regarding dietary intake of Malaysian pregnant women, and the associations of maternal diet, anthropometry, and nutrition-related co-morbidities with the infant's birth weight (IBW). The study objectives were to examine: (1) the adequacy of micronutrient intake among pregnant women; and (2) the association of maternal factors (anthropometry, diet, plasma glucose and blood pressure) during pregnancy with IBW. METHODS Eleven search engines such as Proquest, EbscoHost, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, MyJournal, BookSC and Inter Library Loan with Medical Library Group were extensively searched to identify the primary articles. Three reviewers independently screened the abstracts and full articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Extracted data included details about the population characteristics, study methods and key findings related to the review objectives. Seventeen studies published from 1972 to 2021 were included, following the PRISMA-ScR guideline. RESULTS Studies showed that maternal micronutrient intakes including calcium, iron, vitamin D, folic acid, and niacin fell short of the national recommendations. Increased maternal fruit intake was also associated with increased birth weight. Factors associated with fetal macrosomia included high pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), excess gestational weight gain (GWG) and high blood glucose levels. Low pre-pregnancy BMI, inadequate GWG, intake of confectioneries and condiments, and high blood pressure were associated with low birth weight. CONCLUSION This review identified several factors such as the mother's food habits, comorbidities, BMI and gestational weight gain as the determinants of low birth weight. This implies that emphasis should be given on maternal health and nutrition for the birth outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - See Ling Loy
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Amal K Mitra
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA
| | - Satvinder Kaur
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ai Ni Teoh
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Hamizah Abd Rahman
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Maria Sofia Amarra
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines.,School of Nutrition, Philippine Women's University, Taft Avenue, Manila, 1004, Philippines
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Jain R, Larsuphrom P, Degremont A, Latunde‐Dada GO, Philippou E. Association between vegetarian and vegan diets and depression: A systematic review. NUTR BULL 2022; 47:27-49. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Jain
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics School of Life Course and Population Sciences King's College London London UK
| | - Phureephat Larsuphrom
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics School of Life Course and Population Sciences King's College London London UK
| | - Alexia Degremont
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics School of Life Course and Population Sciences King's College London London UK
| | | | - Elena Philippou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics School of Life Course and Population Sciences King's College London London UK
- Department of Life and Health Sciences University of Nicosia Nicosia Cyprus
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Galchenko A, Gapparova K, Sidorova E. The influence of vegetarian and vegan diets on the state of bone mineral density in humans. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:845-861. [PMID: 34723727 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1996330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There are so many literatures about vegetarians being less prone to chronic, noninfectious diseases, which are, however, the main cause of the decline in quality of life and mortality in developed countries.However, according to various scientific sources, vegetarian and especially vegan diets often contain less saturated fats, protein, calcium, vitamins D and B12, or long-chain ω-3 PUFAs. One of the most common pathology associated with a predominantly plant diet is osteopenia and osteoporosis. An analysis of 13 studies has shown that vegetarians and vegans are at a higher risk of reducing of bone mineral density, thereby increasing the incidence of fractures.At the same time, plant-based diets are usually richer in many other micronutrients important for bone health: vitamins C and K, carotenoids, potassium, magnesium, manganese, copper, or silicon. Moreover, with the deepening of our knowledge about the role of nutrients in the body and the features of the nutritional status of the population, the quality of vegetarian and vegan diets also increases. They are less and less prone to micronutrient deficiencies. Recent studies show that BMD, as well as the risk of osteoporotic fractures, at least in vegetarians, equaled these indicators in omnivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Galchenko
- Department of preventive diet therapy, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - K Gapparova
- Department of preventive diet therapy, Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - E Sidorova
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
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10
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Lee YP, Loh CH, Hwang MJ, Lin CP. Vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia in 140 Taiwanese female lacto-vegetarians. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 120:2003-2009. [PMID: 33906782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Lacto-vegetarians (LVs) tend to have vitamin B12 deficiency (B12D). This study assessed whether 140 female LVs, including 16 B12D/LVs and 124 non-B12D/LVs, had significantly higher frequencies of microcytosis, macrocytosis, and of blood hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), and serum vitamin B12 deficiencies than 140 healthy control subjects (HCSs). METHODS The complete blood count and serum vitamin B12 level in 140 female LVs and 140 female HCSs were measured and compared. RESULTS We found that 8.6%, 4.3%, 22.9%, 20.0%, and 11.4% of 140 LVs had microcytosis, macrocytosis, and blood Hb, RBC, and serum vitamin B12 deficiencies, respectively. The 140 LVs, 16 B12D/LVs, and 124 non-B12D/LVs had significantly higher frequencies of microcytosis as well as blood Hb and RBC deficiencies than 140 HCSs (all P-values < 0.005). Moreover, both 140 LVs and 124 non-B12D/LVs had significantly higher frequencies of macrocytosis than 140 HCSs. In this study, 32 (22.9%) of 140 LVs including 5 B12D/LVs and 27 non-B12D/LVs had anemia. Of the 5 anemic B12D/LVs, three had normocytic anemia, one had iron deficiency anemia (IDA), and one had thalassemia trait-induced anemia. Moreover, of the 27 anemic non-B12D/LVs, 18 had normocytic anemia, one had IDA, one had thalassemia trait-induced anemia, and 7 had microcytic anemia other than IDA and thalassemia trait-induced anemia. CONCLUSION LVs have significantly higher frequencies of microcytosis, macrocytosis, blood Hb, RBC, and serum vitamin B12 deficiencies than HCSs. Normocytic and microcytic anemias are the two most common types of anemia in our LVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pang Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Loh
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jay Hwang
- Department of Dentistry, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abdullah N, Ismail N, Abd Jalal N, Mohd Radin F, Othman R, Kamalul Arifin AS, Kamaruddin MA, Jamal R. Prevalence of anaemia and associated risk factors amongst The Malaysian Cohort participants. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:2521-2527. [PMID: 32975589 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04279-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of anaemia amongst the Malaysian Cohort participants and the associated risk factors. This was a cross-sectional study that involved 102,388 participants from The Malaysian Cohort (TMC) aged between 35 and 70 years old recruited from April 2006 to September 2012. Venous blood was taken for the full blood count. The prevalence of anaemia was 13.8% with majority having the microcytic-hypochromic type (59.7%). Comparison between the ethnic groups showed that Indians have the highest prevalence of anaemia (19.9%), followed by Malays (13.1%), and Chinese (12.0%). The prevalence of anaemia was substantially higher in females (20.1%) compared to males (4.9%). Amongst the female participants, the prevalence of anaemia was highest amongst those who were younger than 49 years old and decreased as the age increased. In contrast, the prevalence of anaemia in males increased with age. Gender, ethnicity, age, marital status, presence of platelet disorders and kidney disease were significant risk factors associated with anaemia and contributed to 14.9% of the risk of developing anaemia in this population. The prevalence of anaemia amongst the Malaysian Cohort participants is 13.8% with the majority having the microcytic and hypochromic type implying iron deficiency as the main cause. It is important that those who have anaemia be further investigated and treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraidatulakma Abdullah
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Ismail
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazihah Abd Jalal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farazela Mohd Radin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Raihannah Othman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azwa Shazwani Kamalul Arifin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Arman Kamaruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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