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Prado GHJD, Sardeli AV, Lord JM, Cavaglieri CR. The effects of ageing, BMI and physical activity on blood IL-15 levels: A systematic review and meta-analyses. Exp Gerontol 2022; 168:111933. [PMID: 36007720 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of the study was to test the effect of ageing, BMI, physical activity and chronic exercise on IL-15 blood concentration by meta-analyses of the literature. METHODS The search was performed on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase and Cochrane databases. First meta-analysis compared blood IL-15 of healthy adults across three age groups (<35 years, 35-65 years, and >65 years), considering BMI as confounding factor; the second compared IL-15 levels between physically active and non-physically active individuals (cross-sectional studies); and the third tested the effect of chronic exercise interventions on blood IL-15 levels on participants of any age, sex, and health condition. RESULTS From 2582 studies retrieved, 67 were selected for the three meta-analyses (age effect: 59; physical activity cross-sectional effect: 5; chronic exercise effect: 14). Older adults had lower blood IL-15 than young and middle-aged adults (5.30 pg/ml [4.76; 5.83]; 7.11 pg/ml [6.33; 7.88]; 7.10 pg/ml [5.55; 8.65], respectively). However, the subgroup of overweight older adults had higher IL-15 than young and middle aged overweight adults; Habitual physical activity did not affect blood IL-15 (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.61 [-0.65; 1.88], p = 0.34); Chronic exercise reduced blood IL-15 in short-term interventions (<16 weeks) (SMD -0.14 [-0.27; -0.01], p = 0.04), but not studies of >16 weeks of intervention (SMD 0.44 [-0.26; 1.15], p = 0.22). CONCLUSION The present meta-analyses highlight the complex interaction of age, BMI and physical activity on blood IL-15 and emphasize the need to take these factors into account when considering the role of this myokine in health throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Veiga Sardeli
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Gerontology Program, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Janet Mary Lord
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cláudia Regina Cavaglieri
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Gerontology Program, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Jafarzadeh A, Jafarzadeh S, Sharifi I, Aminizadeh N, Nozari P, Nemati M. The importance of T cell-derived cytokines in post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Cytokine 2020; 147:155321. [PMID: 33039255 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Infection with the same species of Leishmania (L)donovani causes different manifestations including visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), indicating that the host-related immunological parameters perform a decisive role in the pathogenesis of diseases. As PKDL is a reservoir of the parasite, a better understanding of the host immune responses is necessary to restrict the L. donovani transmission. The proper local production of Th1 cell-related cytokines (including IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-12), Th17 cell-derived cytokines (such as IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22), and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-derived IFN-γ are protective against PKDL. However, dominant production of regulatory CD4+ T cell-derived cytokines (such as IL-10 and TGF-β), Th2 cell-derived cytokines (such as IL-4/IL-13), M2 macrophage-derived cytokines (such as IL-4 and IL-10), keratinocyte-derived IL-10, regulatory CD8+ T cell-derived IL-10, and dendritic cell-derived IL-10, IL-27 and IL-21 can contribute to the parasite persistence and PKDL development. Understanding of the T cell-related cytokine network within PKDL lesions gives rise to novel insights concerning the role of each cytokine in the protection or susceptibility to disease. Manipulation of the cytokine network can be considered as an interesting immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of L. donovani-mediated PKDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Najmeh Aminizadeh
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Branch of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Parvin Nozari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Haematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Kariyawasam R, Lau R, Valencia BM, Llanos-Cuentas A, Boggild AK. Leishmania RNA Virus 1 (LRV-1) in Leishmania ( Viannia) braziliensis Isolates from Peru: A Description of Demographic and Clinical Correlates. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 102:280-285. [PMID: 31837129 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA virus 1-1 (LRV-1-1) is a dsRNA virus identified in isolates of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and thought to advance localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) to mucocutaneous or mucosal leishmaniasis (MCL/ML). We examined the prevalence of LRV-1 and its correlation to phenotypes of American tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by L. (V.) braziliensis from Peru to better understand its epidemiology. Clinical isolates of L. (V.) braziliensis were screened for LRV-1 by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and stratified according to the phenotype: LCL (< 4 ulcers in number) MCL/ML; inflammatory ulcers (erythematous, purulent, painful ulcers with or without lymphatic involvement) or multifocal ulcers (≥ 4 in ≥ 2 anatomic sites). Proportionate LRV-1 positivity was compared across phenotypes. Of 78 L. (V.) braziliensis isolates, 26 (54.2%) had an inflammatory phenotype, 22 (28%) had the MCL/ML phenotype, whereas 30 (38.5%) had LCL. Mucocutaneous or mucosal leishmaniasis was found exclusively in adult male enrollees. Leishmania RNA virus 1 positivity by phenotype was as follows: 9/22 (41%) with MCL/ML; 5/26 (19%) with an inflammatory/multifocal cutaneous leishmaniasis phenotype; and 7/30 (23%) with LCL (P = 0.19). Leishmania RNA virus 1 positivity was not associated with age (P = 0.55) or gender (P = 0.49). Relative LRV-1 copy number was greater in those with MCL/ML than those with inflammatory/multifocal CL (P = 0.02). A direct association between LRV-1 status and clinical phenotype was not demonstrated; however, relative LRV-1 copy number was highest in those with MCL/ML. Future analyses to understand the relationship between viral burden and pathogenesis are required to determine if LRV-1 is truly a contributor to the MCL/ML phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Lau
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Toronto, Canada
| | - Braulio M Valencia
- Viral Immunology Systems Program, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Andrea K Boggild
- Public Health Ontario Laboratory, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Tropical Disease Unit, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Association of IL13 genetic polymorphisms with atopic dermatitis: Fine mapping and haplotype analysis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:287-293. [PMID: 32371243 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous studies had reported an important role of interleukin 13 (IL13) and its genetic polymorphisms in atopic dermatitis (AD), many of these previous reports focused on the missense variant rs20541 (Gln144Arg) without fine mapping of the gene region. OBJECTIVE To analyze the potential associations of other IL13 variants and their haplotypes with AD and assess total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. METHODS We performed fine mapping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IL13 gene in a pilot study of 495 children with AD and 444 healthy controls. Then, we conducted a replication study of 757 children with AD and 1620 healthy controls to evaluate the association between the rs20541 variant of IL13 and AD. RESULTS In the pilot study, the rs20541 and rs1295685 SNPs in the 3'-untranslated region of IL13 had significant associations with AD (P < .001 and .01, respectively). In addition, 2 haplotypes (BL2_ht1 and BL2_ht2), which harbored the significant rs20541 and rs1295685 SNPs, had an association with AD (minimum P = .006). BL2_ht1 and BL2_ht2 had nominal signals associated with the total serum IgE levels (P < .05) but not with the severity of AD (P > .05). In the replication study, rs20541 was associated with the total serum IgE levels but not with the severity of AD. CONCLUSION An additional IL13 gene SNP, rs1295685, has a strong linkage disequilibrium with rs20541, and its haplotypes are associated with AD and the total serum IgE levels.
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Morishima R, Motojima S, Tsuneishi D, Kimura T, Nakashita T, Fudouji J, Ichikawa S, Ito H, Nishino H. Anisakis is a major cause of anaphylaxis in seaside areas: An epidemiological study in Japan. Allergy 2020; 75:441-444. [PMID: 31315145 DOI: 10.1111/all.13987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Morishima
- Department of Neurology Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital Fuchu Japan
- Department of Medicine Awa Regional Medical Center Tateyama Japan
| | - Shinji Motojima
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Japan
| | - Daiki Tsuneishi
- Department of Medicine Awa Regional Medical Center Tateyama Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Medicine Awa Regional Medical Center Tateyama Japan
- Department of Pediatrics Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Japan
- Department of Pediatrics Awa Regional Medical Center Tateyama Japan
| | - Tamao Nakashita
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Japan
| | - Junmei Fudouji
- Department of Emergency Medicine Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Japan
| | - Shigeki Ichikawa
- Department of Pediatrics Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Japan
- Department of Pediatrics Awa Regional Medical Center Tateyama Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ito
- Department of Pediatrics Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Department of Medicine Awa Regional Medical Center Tateyama Japan
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Factors Associated with Atopic Dermatitis and Allergic Rhinitis among Residents of Two Municipal Areas in South Korea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55050131. [PMID: 31083640 PMCID: PMC6572473 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55050131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The growing burden and deleterious health consequences of allergic diseases, especially of allergic rhinitis (AR) and atopic dermatitis (AD), in developed countries remains an important public health issue. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence and to identify the risk factors of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis among residents of Pohang-Si and Yeongdeok-Gun, two municipal areas in South Korea. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in both municipal areas between 12 November and 13 December 2017. A total of 302 subjects were recruited from 100 households (25 apartments and 25 houses in each municipality), by system extraction according to district code numbers. Data were collected using International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Standard Questionnaires for children and a health questionnaire for adults. Risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 302 study participants, 12.9% and 25.5% had AD and AR, respectively. The significant factors associated with AD by multivariate logistic regression analysis were age ≥19 years (aOR (adjusted odds ratio) 6.9; 95% CI (confidence interval) (2.9–16.37)), residence in Pohang-Si (aOR 2.5; 95% CI (1.18–5.53)), and family history of allergic disease (aOR 2.3; 95% CI (1.09–4.9)). Similarly, the significant factors associated with AR were male gender (aOR 2.3; 95% CI (1.24–4.42)), age ≥19 years (aOR 4.4; 95% CI (2.28–8.48)), residence in Pohang-Si (aOR 2.8; 95% CI (1.51–5.37)), and family history of allergic disease (aOR 6.7; 95% CI (3.50–12.82)). Conclusion: The present study shows that age ≥19 years, residence in Pohang-Si, and family history of allergic disease are risk factors for AD and AR, and that, additionally, male gender is a risk factor of AR. Understanding the risk factors of allergic diseases can aid the design and implementation of evidence-specific strategies to reduce the long-standing problems associated with allergic disease.
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Narla S, Silverberg JI. Association between atopic dermatitis and autoimmune disorders in US adults and children: A cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 80:382-389. [PMID: 30287311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the risk and predictors of autoimmune diseases in children and adults. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence, predictors, and excess costs of autoimmune disease in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. METHODS Cross-sectional study of the 2002-2012 National Inpatient Sample, which includes a ∼20% sample of all US hospitalizations (n = 87,053,155 adults and children). RESULTS The prevalence of autoimmune disease was higher in adults with AD (7.9%, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 7.3-8.5%) than without AD (5.7%, 95% CI 5.7%-5.8%) and higher in children with AD (2.0%, 95% CI 1.7%-2.3%) than without AD (1.0%, 95% CI 0.9%-1.1%). In multivariable logistic regression models controlling for sociodemographics, adult (adjusted odds ratio 1.45, 95% CI 1.32-1.58) and pediatric (adjusted odds ratio 2.08, 95% CI 1.73-2.50) AD were associated with any autoimmune disorder. In particular, AD was associated with 18 of 32 autoimmune disorders examined in adults and 13 of 24 examined in children, including disorders of the skin, endocrine, gastrointestinal, hematologic, and musculoskeletal systems. AD patients hospitalized with any autoimmune disorder had a higher cost of inpatient care, with $2.5-$50 million excess annual costs. CONCLUSIONS Adults and children with AD had increased cutaneous and extracutaneous autoimmune disorders, which were associated with a considerable cost burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Narla
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Northwestern Medicine Multidisciplinary Eczema Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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8
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To KKW, Lu L, Fong CHY, Wu AKL, Mok KY, Yip CCY, Ke YH, Sze KH, Lau SKP, Hung IFN, Yuen KY. Rhinovirus respiratory tract infection in hospitalized adult patients is associated with T H2 response irrespective of asthma. J Infect 2018; 76:465-474. [PMID: 29454786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed the immunological response of hospitalized adult patients with rhinovirus infection, including critically-ill patients. METHODS The differential white blood cell (WBC) count and the levels of 29 plasma cytokines/chemokines were compared between 50 adult hospitalized patients with rhinovirus infection and 100 age-matched controls with influenza virus infection. RESULTS The demographics and comorbidities were similar between rhinovirus and influenza patients, but severe disease was more common for the rhinovirus cohort. Rhinovirus patients had significantly higher WBC counts than influenza patients, especially for eosinophil (P = 3.1 × 10-8). The level of the TH2 cytokine IL-5 was significantly higher among rhinovirus patients, while the levels of 9 other cytokines/chemokines were significantly lower among rhinovirus patients. The levels of CXCL-10 (IP-10), CCL-2 (MCP-1), IFN-α2, IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-15 remained significantly lower among rhinovirus patients after correction for multiple comparisons. Notably, CXCL-10 had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in differentiating rhinovirus from influenza patients (AUC, 0.918). In the patient subgroup without asthma, the difference in the WBC count and cytokine/chemokine levels between rhinovirus and influenza patients remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Rhinovirus infection was characterized by a prominent TH2 response, even in patients without asthma. CXCL-10 (IP-10) is a potential biomarker in differentiating rhinovirus from influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin K W To
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carol H Y Fong
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alan K L Wu
- Department of Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Yi Mok
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cyril C Y Yip
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Hong Ke
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kong-Hung Sze
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Susanna K P Lau
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivan F N Hung
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
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Masi A, Breen EJ, Alvares GA, Glozier N, Hickie IB, Hunt A, Hui J, Beilby J, Ravine D, Wray J, Whitehouse AJO, Guastella AJ. Cytokine levels and associations with symptom severity in male and female children with autism spectrum disorder. Mol Autism 2017; 8:63. [PMID: 29214007 PMCID: PMC5712192 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-017-0176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex, pervasive, and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions with varying trajectories, significant male bias and largely unknown etiology. However, an understanding of the biological mechanisms driving pathophysiology is evolving. Immune system aberrations, as identified through cytokine profiles, are believed to have a role in ASD. Altered cytokine levels may facilitate identification of ASD subtypes as well as provide biological markers of response to effective treatments. Research exploring the relationship between cytokine profiles and ASD symptoms is, however, in its infancy. The objective of this study was to explore relationships between cytokine levels and the severity of ASD and other clinical traits. Methods Multiplex assay techniques were used to measure levels of 27 cytokines in plasma samples from a cohort of 144 children diagnosed with ASD. Results Overall, results showed a significant negative association between platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, and the severity of ASD symptoms. Furthermore, a significant interaction with sex suggested a different immune profile for females compared to males. ASD symptom severity was negatively associated with levels of 4 cytokines, IL-1β, IL-8, MIP-1β, and VEGF, in females, but not in males. Conclusions Results of the present study suggest that an altered cytokine response or profile is associated with the severity of ASD-related symptoms, with sex a potential modifier of this relationship. Further research in larger populations which recognizes the importance of sex comparisons and longitudinal assessments are now required to extend and further describe the role of the immune system in ASD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13229-017-0176-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Masi
- Autism Clinic for Translational Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 100 Mallett Street, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050 Australia
| | - Edmond J Breen
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gail A Alvares
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Long Pocket, Brisbane, Queensland Australia
| | - Nicholas Glozier
- Autism Clinic for Translational Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 100 Mallett Street, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050 Australia
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Autism Clinic for Translational Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 100 Mallett Street, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050 Australia
| | - Anna Hunt
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia
| | - Jennie Hui
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia Australia.,School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia.,School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia
| | - John Beilby
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia Australia.,School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia
| | - David Ravine
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia Australia.,School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia
| | - John Wray
- School of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia
| | - Andrew J O Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Long Pocket, Brisbane, Queensland Australia
| | - Adam J Guastella
- Autism Clinic for Translational Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, 100 Mallett Street, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050 Australia
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Lee HY, Kim IK, Yoon HK, Kwon SS, Rhee CK, Lee SY. Inhibitory Effects of Resveratrol on Airway Remodeling by Transforming Growth Factor-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Chronic Asthma Model. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2017; 9:25-34. [PMID: 27826959 PMCID: PMC5102832 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2017.9.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Asthma is a chronic airway disease characterized by airway remodeling, leading to a progressive decline in lung function. Therapeutic agents that attenuate airway remodeling can complement the limited effects of traditional glucocorticoids. In this study, we investigated the effect of resveratrol on allergic airway inflammation and remodeling in a murine model of chronic bronchial asthma. Methods Peribronchial smooth muscle thickening that developed in mice challenged with a 3-month repeated exposure to ovalbumin (OVA) was used to study airway remodeling. Oral resveratrol was administered daily during the OVA challenge. The expression of TGF-β1/Smad signaling proteins and downstream mesenchymal markers in the presence or absence of resveratrol was examined in bronchial epithelial cells. Results OVA sensitization and chronic challenge increased airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), and collagen deposition. Resveratrol effectively suppressed OVA-induced airway inflammation and remodeling. The expression of TGF-β1/phosphorylated Smad2/3 was increased in the lung tissues of OVA-challenged mice but effectively inhibited by resveratrol. In bronchial epithelial cells, the TGF-β1-induced expression of the mesenchymal markers snail, slug, vimentin, and α-SMA was suppressed by resveratrol treatment. Conclusions Resveratrol effectively ameliorated both airway inflammation and airway structural changes in a mouse model of bronchial asthma. These effects were mediated by decreased TGF-β1 expression, in turn suppressing TGF-β1/Smad signaling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. Our results demonstrate the potential benefits of resveratrol for the treatment of airway remodeling associated with bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Young Lee
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Kyoung Kim
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Yoon
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Suk Kwon
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sook Young Lee
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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