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Hernández-Hernández I, De La Rosa JV, Martín-Rodríguez P, Díaz-Sarmiento M, Recio C, Guerra B, Fernández-Pérez L, León TE, Torres R, Font-Díaz J, Roig A, de Mora F, Boscá L, Díaz M, Valledor AF, Castrillo A, Tabraue C. Endogenous LXR signaling controls pulmonary surfactant homeostasis and prevents lung inflammation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:287. [PMID: 38970705 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Lung type 2 pneumocytes (T2Ps) and alveolar macrophages (AMs) play crucial roles in the synthesis, recycling and catabolism of surfactant material, a lipid/protein fluid essential for respiratory function. The liver X receptors (LXR), LXRα and LXRβ, are transcription factors important for lipid metabolism and inflammation. While LXR activation exerts anti-inflammatory actions in lung injury caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other inflammatory stimuli, the full extent of the endogenous LXR transcriptional activity in pulmonary homeostasis is incompletely understood. Here, using mice lacking LXRα and LXRβ as experimental models, we describe how the loss of LXRs causes pulmonary lipidosis, pulmonary congestion, fibrosis and chronic inflammation due to defective de novo synthesis and recycling of surfactant material by T2Ps and defective phagocytosis and degradation of excess surfactant by AMs. LXR-deficient T2Ps display aberrant lamellar bodies and decreased expression of genes encoding for surfactant proteins and enzymes involved in cholesterol, fatty acids, and phospholipid metabolism. Moreover, LXR-deficient lungs accumulate foamy AMs with aberrant expression of cholesterol and phospholipid metabolism genes. Using a house dust mite aeroallergen-induced mouse model of asthma, we show that LXR-deficient mice exhibit a more pronounced airway reactivity to a methacholine challenge and greater pulmonary infiltration, indicating an altered physiology of LXR-deficient lungs. Moreover, pretreatment with LXR agonists ameliorated the airway reactivity in WT mice sensitized to house dust mite extracts, confirming that LXR plays an important role in lung physiology and suggesting that agonist pharmacology could be used to treat inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Hernández-Hernández
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Juan V De La Rosa
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fisiología, Genética e Inmunología, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Patricia Martín-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Departamento de Morfología, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Mercedes Díaz-Sarmiento
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carlota Recio
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Borja Guerra
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Leandro Fernández-Pérez
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Theresa E León
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Torres
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Font-Díaz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Roig
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fernando de Mora
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, P-11, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Mario Díaz
- Laboratory of Membrane Physiology and Biophysics, School of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Annabel F Valledor
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (IIBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Carlos Tabraue
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
- Departamento de Morfología, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
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Arikoglu T, Tokmeci N, Demirhan A, Kont Ozhan A, Yalaki AI, Akbey V, Kuyucu S. Evaluation of different protocols for classification of pediatric hypersensitivity reactions to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Children with underlying allergic disease should be a separate subgroup. Allergy Asthma Proc 2024; 45:14-23. [PMID: 38151729 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2024.45.230081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Different recommendations for the classification of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity reactions (NSHSR) in children have been reported but a shortage still exists. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the inclusivity of two European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) position paper classifications and to characterize the factors that underlie classification discordance in children. Methods: Patients with a history of NSHSR were evaluated with a standardized diagnostic protocol according to EAACI/ European Network for Drug Allergy (ENDA) recommendations. Children were classified and compared according to the EAACI 2013 and the pediatric EAACI/ENDA 2018 classifications. Subjects who were unclassified and those who were classified were compared. Results: Of 232 patients (median [interquartile range] age 6 years (4-11 years) with a history of NSHSR, 52 (22.4%) were confirmed with diagnostic tests. Thirty-six (69.2%) were classified as having cross-intolerance, whereas 16 patients (30.8%) were classified as selective responders. Eleven of the confirmed cases (21.2%) could not be categorized according to the 2013 EAACI classification, whereas this number was six adolescents (11.5%) when the 2018 EAACI/ENDA pediatric classification was used. Patients who were unclassified and who were all cross-intolerant were more likely to have atopic sensitization (p = 0.001) and asthma as an underlying disease (p = 0.03), higher serum eosinophil count (p = 0.022), and total immunoglobulin E levels (p = 0.007) compared with those who fit well into the classification. In multivariate regression analysis, the presence of atopic sensitization (adjusted odds ratio 20.36 [95% confidence interval, 2.14-193.48]; p = 0.009) was found to be the only significant underlying factor for an unclassified and/or blended phenotype. Conclusion: The 2013 EAACI classification resulted in a high rate of subjects who were unclassified. Despite better clinical utility, the recent pediatric EAACI/ENDA classification system still has shortcomings in terms of inclusivity for adolescents. Mostly, children with underlying allergic diseases could not be classified by the current guidelines. We propose to classify them as a separate pediatric cross-intolerance subgroup because the underlying mechanism may involve more than cyclooxygenase 1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Arikoglu
- From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Nazan Tokmeci
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Adıyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey, and
| | - Ali Demirhan
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Mersin City Training and Research Hospital, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Aylin Kont Ozhan
- From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Aysu Ilhan Yalaki
- From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Veysi Akbey
- From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Semanur Kuyucu
- From the Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Abstract
Mast cells originate from the CD34+/CD117+ hematopoietic progenitors in the bone marrow, migrate into circulation, and ultimately mature and reside in peripheral tissues. Microbiota/metabolites and certain immune cells (e.g., Treg cells) play a key role in maintaining immune tolerance. Cross-linking of allergen-specific IgE on mast cells activates the high-affinity membrane-bound receptor FcεRI, thereby initiating an intracellular signal cascade, leading to degranulation and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. The intracellular signal transduction is intricately regulated by various kinases, transcription factors, and cytokines. Importantly, multiple signal components in the FcεRI-mast cell–mediated allergic cascade can be targeted for therapeutic purposes. Pharmacological interventions that include therapeutic antibodies against IgE, FcεRI, and cytokines as well as inhibitors/activators of several key intracellular signaling molecues have been used to inhibit allergic reactions. Other factors that are not part of the signal pathway but can enhance an individual’s susceptibility to allergen stimulation are referred to as cofactors. Herein, we provide a mechanistic overview of the FcεRI-mast cell–mediated allergic signaling. This will broaden our scope and visions on specific preventive and therapeutic strategies for the clinical management of mast cell–associated hypersensitivity reactions.
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Rujitharanawong C, Yoodee S, Sueksakit K, Peerapen P, Tuchinda P, Kulthanan K, Thongboonkerd V. Systematic comparisons of various markers for mast cell activation in RBL-2H3 cells. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 390:413-428. [PMID: 36125550 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03687-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mast cell activation plays a key role in various allergic diseases and anaphylaxis. Several methods/techniques can be used for detection of mast cell activation. However, there was no previous systematic evaluation to compare the efficacy of each method/technique. The present study thus systematically compared various markers for mast cell activation induced by IgE cross-linking. The widely used RBL-2H3 mast cells were sensitized with anti-DNP (dinitrophenyl) IgE overnight and activated with DNP-BSA (bovine serum albumin) for up to 4 h. The untreated cells and those with anti-DNP IgE sensitization but without DNP-BSA activation served as the controls. Intracellular calcium level gradually increased to ~2-fold at 1 h, reached its peak (~5-fold) at 2 h, and returned to the basal level at 3-h post-activation. The increases in cellular tryptase level (by Western blotting) (~0.3- to 0.4-fold) and average cell size (~2.5-fold) and decrease of nucleus/cytoplasm ratio (~0.4- to 0.5-fold) were marginal at all time-points. By contrast, β-hexosaminidase release and CD63 expression (by both flow cytometry and immunofluorescence detection/localization), secreted tryptase level (by Western blotting), and tryptase expression (by immunofluorescence detection/localization) stably and obviously increased (~10-fold as compared with the untreated control and sensitized-only cells or detectable only after activation). Based on these data, the stably obvious increases (by ≥ 10-fold) in β-hexosaminidase release, CD63 expression (by both flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining), secreted tryptase level (by Western blotting), and tryptase expression (by immunofluorescence staining) are recommended as the markers of choice for the in vitro study of mast cell activation using RBL-2H3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuda Rujitharanawong
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunisa Yoodee
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Sueksakit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Papapit Tuchinda
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanokvalai Kulthanan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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Kawakami T, Kasakura K, Kawakami Y, Ando T. Immunoglobulin E-Dependent Activation of Immune Cells in Rhinovirus-Induced Asthma Exacerbation. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:835748. [PMID: 35386658 PMCID: PMC8974681 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.835748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute exacerbation is the major cause of asthma morbidity, mortality, and health-care costs. Respiratory viral infections, particularly rhinovirus (RV) infections, are associated with the majority of asthma exacerbations. The risk for bronchoconstriction with RV is associated with allergic sensitization and type 2 airway inflammation. The efficacy of the humanized anti-IgE monoclonal antibody omalizumab in treating asthma and reducing the frequency and severity of RV-induced asthma exacerbation is well-known. Despite these clinical data, mechanistic details of omalizumab's effects on RV-induced asthma exacerbation have not been well-defined for years due to the lack of appropriate animal models. In this Perspective, we discuss potential IgE-dependent roles of mast cells and dendritic cells in asthma exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Kawakami
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Toshiaki Kawakami
| | - Kazumi Kasakura
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yu Kawakami
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Urbano A, Plaza J, Turon S, Pujol A, Costa‐Farré C, Marco A, Picado C, Torres R, Mora F. Transgenic mice overexpressing the PGE 2 receptor EP 2 on mast cells exhibit a protective phenotype in a model of allergic asthma. Allergy 2021; 76:3196-3199. [PMID: 34173237 DOI: 10.1111/all.14988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Urbano
- Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics and Toxicology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Judith Plaza
- Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics and Toxicology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Sandra Turon
- Transgenic Animal Unit Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Anna Pujol
- Transgenic Animal Unit Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - Cristina Costa‐Farré
- Department of Surgery and Animals Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Alberto Marco
- Department of Surgery and Animals Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - César Picado
- Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Allergy Hospital Clínic IDIBAPS (Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBERES (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias) Barcelona Spain
| | - Rosa Torres
- Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics and Toxicology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Fernando Mora
- Department of Pharmacology Therapeutics and Toxicology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
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Tyrak KE, Pajdzik K, Jakieła B, Kupryś-Lipińska I, Ćmiel A, Kacorzyk R, Trąd G, Kuna P, Sanak M, Mastalerz L. Biomarkers for predicting response to aspirin therapy in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1046-1056. [PMID: 33905579 PMCID: PMC9292205 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Aspirin desensitization followed by daily aspirin use is an effective treatment for aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). Objective To assess clinical features as well as genetic, immune, cytological and biochemical biomarkers that might predict a positive response to high‐dose aspirin therapy in AERD. Methods We enrolled 34 AERD patients with severe asthma who underwent aspirin desensitization followed by 52‐week aspirin treatment (650 mg/d). At baseline and at 52 weeks, clinical assessment was performed; phenotypes based on induced sputum cells were identified; eicosanoid, cytokine and chemokine levels in induced sputum supernatant were determined; and induced sputum expression of 94 genes was assessed. Responders to high‐dose aspirin were defined as patients with improvement in 5‐item Asthma Control Questionnaire score, 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) score and forced expiratory volume in 1 second at 52 weeks. Results There were 28 responders (82%). Positive baseline predictors of response included female sex (p = .002), higher SNOT‐22 score (p = .03), higher blood eosinophil count (p = .01), lower neutrophil percentage in induced sputum (p = .003), higher expression of the hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase gene, HPGD (p = .004) and lower expression of the proteoglycan 2 gene, PRG2 (p = .01). The best prediction model included Asthma Control Test and SNOT‐22 scores, blood eosinophils and total serum immunoglobulin E. Responders showed a marked decrease in sputum eosinophils but no changes in eicosanoid levels. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Female sex, high blood eosinophil count, low sputum neutrophil percentage, severe nasal symptoms, high HPGD expression and low PRG2 expression may predict a positive response to long‐term high‐dose aspirin therapy in patients with AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna E Tyrak
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Kinga Pajdzik
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Bogdan Jakieła
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Izabela Kupryś-Lipińska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adam Ćmiel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Radosław Kacorzyk
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Gabriela Trąd
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mastalerz
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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8
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Knuplez E, Sturm EM, Marsche G. Emerging Role of Phospholipase-Derived Cleavage Products in Regulating Eosinophil Activity: Focus on Lysophospholipids, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4356. [PMID: 33919453 PMCID: PMC8122506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are important effector cells involved in allergic inflammation. When stimulated, eosinophils release a variety of mediators initiating, propagating, and maintaining local inflammation. Both, the activity and concentration of secreted and cytosolic phospholipases (PLAs) are increased in allergic inflammation, promoting the cleavage of phospholipids and thus the production of reactive lipid mediators. Eosinophils express high levels of secreted phospholipase A2 compared to other leukocytes, indicating their direct involvement in the production of lipid mediators during allergic inflammation. On the other side, eosinophils have also been recognized as crucial mediators with regulatory and homeostatic roles in local immunity and repair. Thus, targeting the complex network of lipid mediators offer a unique opportunity to target the over-activation and 'pro-inflammatory' phenotype of eosinophils without compromising the survival and functions of tissue-resident and homeostatic eosinophils. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the critical role of phospholipase-derived lipid mediators in modulating eosinophil activity in health and disease. We focus on lysophospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and eicosanoids with exciting new perspectives for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gunther Marsche
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.K.); (E.M.S.)
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9
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Qu C, Mao C, Xiao P, Shen Q, Zhong YN, Yang F, Shen DD, Tao X, Zhang H, Yan X, Zhao RJ, He J, Guan Y, Zhang C, Hou G, Zhang PJ, Hou G, Li Z, Yu X, Chai RJ, Guan YF, Sun JP, Zhang Y. Ligand recognition, unconventional activation, and G protein coupling of the prostaglandin E 2 receptor EP2 subtype. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabf1268. [PMID: 33811074 PMCID: PMC11057787 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Selective modulation of the heterotrimeric G protein α S subunit-coupled prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor EP2 subtype is a promising therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis, ocular hypertension, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disorders. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the EP2-Gs complex with its endogenous agonist PGE2 and two synthesized agonists, taprenepag and evatanepag (CP-533536). These structures revealed distinct features of EP2 within the EP receptor family in terms of its unconventional receptor activation and G protein coupling mechanisms, including activation in the absence of a typical W6.48 "toggle switch" and coupling to Gs via helix 8. Moreover, inspection of the agonist-bound EP2 structures uncovered key motifs governing ligand selectivity. Our study provides important knowledge for agonist recognition and activation mechanisms of EP2 and will facilitate the rational design of drugs targeting the PGE2 signaling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxiu Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chunyou Mao
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qingya Shen
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ya-Ni Zhong
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Dan-Dan Shen
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaona Tao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Huibing Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ru-Jia Zhao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Junyan He
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Biomedical Isotope Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Peng-Ju Zhang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Guige Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ren-Jie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - You-Fei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases, Hangzhou 310058, China
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