1
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Thomaidou S, Munoz Garcia A, de Lange S, Gan J, van der Slik AR, Hoeben RC, Roep BO, Carlotti F, Zaldumbide A. IFNɣ but not IFNα increases recognition of insulin defective ribosomal product-derived antigen to amplify islet autoimmunity. Diabetologia 2023; 66:2075-2086. [PMID: 37581620 PMCID: PMC10542729 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The inflammatory milieu characteristic of insulitis affects translation fidelity and generates defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) that participate in autoimmune beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes. Here, we studied the role of early innate cytokines (IFNα) and late immune adaptive events (IFNɣ) in insulin DRiP-derived peptide presentation to diabetogenic CD8+ T cells. METHODS Single-cell transcriptomics of human pancreatic islets was used to study the composition of the (immuno)proteasome. Specific inhibition of the immunoproteasome catalytic subunits was achieved using siRNA, and antigenic peptide presentation at the cell surface of the human beta cell line EndoC-βH1 was monitored using peptide-specific CD8 T cells. RESULTS We found that IFNγ induces the expression of the PSMB10 transcript encoding the β2i catalytic subunit of the immunoproteasome in endocrine beta cells, revealing a critical role in insulin DRiP-derived peptide presentation to T cells. Moreover, we showed that PSMB10 is upregulated in a beta cell subset that is preferentially destroyed in the pancreases of individuals with type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data highlight the role of the degradation machinery in beta cell immunogenicity and emphasise the need for evaluation of targeted immunoproteasome inhibitors to limit beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes. DATA AVAILABILITY The single-cell RNA-seq dataset is available from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) using the accession number GSE218316 ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE218316 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Thomaidou
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Amadeo Munoz Garcia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine de Lange
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jin Gan
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arno R van der Slik
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rob C Hoeben
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bart O Roep
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Françoise Carlotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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2
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Derr AG, Arowosegbe A, Satish B, Redick SD, Qaisar N, Guo Z, Vanderleeden E, Trombly MI, Baer CE, Harlan DM, Greiner DL, Garber M, Wang JP. An Early Islet Transcriptional Signature Is Associated With Local Inflammation in Autoimmune Diabetes. Diabetes 2023; 72:261-274. [PMID: 36346618 PMCID: PMC9871196 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the early islet cellular processes of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) in humans is challenging given the absence of symptoms during this period and the inaccessibility of the pancreas for sampling. In this article, we study temporal events in pancreatic islets in LEW.1WR1 rats, in which autoimmune diabetes can be induced with virus infection, by performing transcriptional analysis of islets harvested during the prediabetic period. Single-cell RNA-sequencing and differential expression analyses of islets from prediabetic rats reveal subsets of β- and α-cells under stress as evidenced by heightened expression, over time, of a transcriptional signature characterized by interferon-stimulated genes, chemokines including Cxcl10, major histocompatibility class I, and genes for the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Mononuclear phagocytes show increased expression of inflammatory markers. RNA-in situ hybridization of rat pancreatic tissue defines the spatial distribution of Cxcl10+ β- and α-cells and their association with CD8+ T cell infiltration, a hallmark of insulitis and islet destruction. Our studies define early islet transcriptional events during immune cell recruitment to islets and reveal spatial associations between stressed β- and α-cells and immune cells. Insights into such early processes can assist in the development of therapeutic and prevention strategies for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan G. Derr
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Adediwura Arowosegbe
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Basanthi Satish
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Sambra D. Redick
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Natasha Qaisar
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Zhiru Guo
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Emma Vanderleeden
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Melanie I. Trombly
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Christina E. Baer
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - David M. Harlan
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Dale L. Greiner
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Manuel Garber
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Jennifer P. Wang
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA
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3
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Haberecht-Müller S, Krüger E, Fielitz J. Out of Control: The Role of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System in Skeletal Muscle during Inflammation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091327. [PMID: 34572540 PMCID: PMC8468834 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of critically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients with severe sepsis develop ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW) characterized by loss of muscle mass, reduction in myofiber size and decreased muscle strength leading to persisting physical impairment. This phenotype results from a dysregulated protein homeostasis with increased protein degradation and decreased protein synthesis, eventually causing a decrease in muscle structural proteins. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the predominant protein-degrading system in muscle that is activated during diverse muscle atrophy conditions, e.g., inflammation. The specificity of UPS-mediated protein degradation is assured by E3 ubiquitin ligases, such as atrogin-1 and MuRF1, which target structural and contractile proteins, proteins involved in energy metabolism and transcription factors for UPS-dependent degradation. Although the regulation of activity and function of E3 ubiquitin ligases in inflammation-induced muscle atrophy is well perceived, the contribution of the proteasome to muscle atrophy during inflammation is still elusive. During inflammation, a shift from standard- to immunoproteasome was described; however, to which extent this contributes to muscle wasting and whether this changes targeting of specific muscular proteins is not well described. This review summarizes the function of the main proinflammatory cytokines and acute phase response proteins and their signaling pathways in inflammation-induced muscle atrophy with a focus on UPS-mediated protein degradation in muscle during sepsis. The regulation and target-specificity of the main E3 ubiquitin ligases in muscle atrophy and their mode of action on myofibrillar proteins will be reported. The function of the standard- and immunoproteasome in inflammation-induced muscle atrophy will be described and the effects of proteasome-inhibitors as treatment strategies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Haberecht-Müller
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Elke Krüger
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (J.F.)
| | - Jens Fielitz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (J.F.)
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4
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Morozov AV, Karpov VL. Proteasomes and Several Aspects of Their Heterogeneity Relevant to Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:761. [PMID: 31456945 PMCID: PMC6700291 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The life of every organism is dependent on the fine-tuned mechanisms of protein synthesis and breakdown. The degradation of most intracellular proteins is performed by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). Proteasomes are central elements of the UPS and represent large multisubunit protein complexes directly responsible for the protein degradation. Accumulating data indicate that there is an intriguing diversity of cellular proteasomes. Different proteasome forms, containing different subunits and attached regulators have been described. In addition, proteasomes specific for a particular tissue were identified. Cancer cells are highly dependent on the proper functioning of the UPS in general, and proteasomes in particular. At the same time, the information regarding the role of different proteasome forms in cancer is limited. This review describes the functional and structural heterogeneity of proteasomes, their association with cancer as well as several established and novel proteasome-directed therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Morozov
- Laboratory of Regulation of Intracellular Proteolysis, W.A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Coomans de Brachène A, Dos Santos RS, Marroqui L, Colli ML, Marselli L, Mirmira RG, Marchetti P, Eizirik DL. IFN-α induces a preferential long-lasting expression of MHC class I in human pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2018; 61:636-640. [PMID: 29305625 PMCID: PMC6241216 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS IFN-α, a cytokine expressed in human islets from individuals affected by type 1 diabetes, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes by upregulating inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and MHC class I overexpression, three hallmarks of islet histology in early type 1 diabetes. We tested whether expression of these mediators of beta cell loss is reversible upon IFN-α withdrawal or IFN-α pathway inhibition. METHODS IFN-α-induced MHC class I overexpression, ER stress and inflammation were evaluated by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and real-time PCR in human EndoC-βH1 cells or human islets exposed to IFN-α with or without the presence of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. Protein expression was evaluated by western blot. RESULTS IFN-α-induced expression of inflammatory and ER stress markers returned to baseline after 24-48 h following cytokine removal. In contrast, MHC class I overexpression at the cell surface persisted for at least 7 days. Treatment with JAK inhibitors, when added with IFN-α, prevented MHC class I overexpression, but when added 24 h after IFN-α exposure these inhibitors failed to accelerate MHC class I return to baseline. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION IFN-α mediates a long-lasting and preferential MHC class I overexpression in human beta cells, which is not affected by the subsequent addition of JAK inhibitors. These observations suggest that IFN-α-stimulated long-lasting MHC class I expression may amplify beta cell antigen presentation during the early phase of type 1 diabetes and that IFN-α inhibitors might need to be used at very early stages of the disease to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Coomans de Brachène
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Reinaldo S Dos Santos
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Marroqui
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maikel L Colli
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Department of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Physiology, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Campus Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808-CP618, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium.
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6
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Spencer CT, Bezbradica JS, Ramos MG, Arico CD, Conant SB, Gilchuk P, Gray JJ, Zheng M, Niu X, Hildebrand W, Link AJ, Joyce S. Viral infection causes a shift in the self peptide repertoire presented by human MHC class I molecules. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 9:1035-52. [PMID: 26768311 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE MHC class I presentation of peptides allows T cells to survey the cytoplasmic protein milieu of host cells. During infection, presentation of self peptides is, in part, replaced by presentation of microbial peptides. However, little is known about the self peptides presented during infection, despite the fact that microbial infections alter host cell gene expression patterns and protein metabolism. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The self peptide repertoire presented by HLA-A*01;01, HLA-A*02;01, HLA-B*07;02, HLA-B*35;01, and HLA-B*45;01 (where HLA is human leukocyte antigen) was determined by tandem MS before and after vaccinia virus infection. RESULTS We observed a profound alteration in the self peptide repertoire with hundreds of self peptides uniquely presented after infection for which we have coined the term "self peptidome shift." The fraction of novel self peptides presented following infection varied for different HLA class I molecules. A large part (approximately 40%) of the self peptidome shift arose from peptides derived from type I interferon-inducible genes, consistent with cellular responses to viral infection. Interestingly, approximately 12% of self peptides presented after infection showed allelic variation when searched against approximately 300 human genomes. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Self peptidome shift in a clinical transplant setting could result in alloreactivity by presenting new self peptides in the context of infection-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles T Spencer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jelena S Bezbradica
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mireya G Ramos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Chenoa D Arico
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Stephanie B Conant
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pavlo Gilchuk
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA.,Veterans Administration Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer J Gray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mu Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xinnan Niu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William Hildebrand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Centre, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Andrew J Link
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sebastian Joyce
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA.,Veterans Administration Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
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7
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Malek Abrahimians E, Vander Elst L, Carlier VA, Saint-Remy JM. Thioreductase-Containing Epitopes Inhibit the Development of Type 1 Diabetes in the NOD Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2016; 7:67. [PMID: 26973647 PMCID: PMC4773585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoreactive CD4+ T cells recognizing islet-derived antigens play a primary role in type 1 diabetes. Specific suppression of such cells therefore represents a strategic target for the cure of the disease. We have developed a methodology by which CD4+ T cells acquire apoptosis-inducing properties on antigen-presenting cells after cognate recognition of natural sequence epitopes. We describe here that inclusion of a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase (thioreductase) motif within the flanking residues of a single MHC class II-restricted GAD65 epitope induces GAD65-specific cytolytic CD4+ T cells (cCD4+ T). The latter, obtained either in vitro or by active immunization, acquire an effector memory phenotype and lyse APCs by a Fas–FasL interaction. Furthermore, cCD4+ T cells eliminate by apoptosis activated bystander CD4+ T cells recognizing alternative epitopes processed by the same APC. Active immunization with a GAD65 class II-restricted thioreductase-containing T cell epitope protects mice from diabetes and abrogates insulitis. Passive transfer of in vitro-elicited cCD4+ T cells establishes that such cells are efficient in suppressing autoimmunity. These findings provide strong evidence for a new vaccination strategy to prevent type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Malek Abrahimians
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; ImCyse SA, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Vander Elst
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; ImCyse SA, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vincent A Carlier
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; ImCyse SA, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Saint-Remy
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; ImCyse SA, Leuven, Belgium
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8
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Sjakste T, Paramonova N, Osina K, Dokane K, Sokolovska J, Sjakste N. Genetic variations in the PSMA3, PSMA6 and PSMC6 genes are associated with type 1 diabetes in Latvians and with expression level of number of UPS-related and T1DM-susceptible genes in HapMap individuals. Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 291:891-903. [PMID: 26661414 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-1153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), a key player of proteostasis network in the body, was implicated in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pathogenesis. Polymorphisms in genes encoding proteasome subunits may potentially affect system efficiency. However, data in this field are still limited. To fulfil this gap, single nucleotide polymorphisms in the PSMB5 (rs11543947), PSMA6 (rs2277460, rs1048990), PSMC6 (rs2295826, rs2295827) and PSMA3 (rs2348071) genes were genotyped on susceptibility to T1DM in Latvians. The rs11543947 was found to be neutral and other loci manifested disease susceptibility, with rs1048990 and rs2348071 being the most significantly associated (P < 0.001; OR 2.042 [1.376-3.032] and OR 2.096 [1.415-3.107], respectively). Risk effect was associated with female phenotype for rs2277460 and family history for rs2277460, rs2295826 and rs2295827. Five-locus genotypes being at risk simultaneously at any two or more loci showed strong (P < 0.0001) T1DM association. The T1DM protective effects (P < 0.001) were shown for five-locus genotype and haplotype homozygous on common alleles and composed of common alleles, respectively. Using SNPexp data set, correlations have been revealed between the rs1048990, rs2295826, rs2295827 and rs2348071 T1DM risk genotypes and expression levels of 14 genes related to the UPS and 42 T1DM-susceptible genes encoding proteins involved in innate and adaptive immunity, antiviral response, insulin signalling, glucose-energy metabolism and other pathways implicated in T1DM pathogenesis. Genotype-phenotype and genotype-genotype clusterings support genotyping results. Our results provide evidence on new T1DM-susceptible loci in the PSMA3, PSMA6 and PSMC6 proteasome genes and give a new insight into the T1DM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Sjakste
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia.
| | - Natalia Paramonova
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia
| | - Kristine Osina
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia
| | - Kristine Dokane
- Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia
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9
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Marroqui L, Dos Santos RS, Fløyel T, Grieco FA, Santin I, Op de Beeck A, Marselli L, Marchetti P, Pociot F, Eizirik DL. TYK2, a Candidate Gene for Type 1 Diabetes, Modulates Apoptosis and the Innate Immune Response in Human Pancreatic β-Cells. Diabetes 2015; 64:3808-17. [PMID: 26239055 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells are destroyed by an autoimmune attack in type 1 diabetes. Linkage and genome-wide association studies point to >50 loci that are associated with the disease in the human genome. Pathway analysis of candidate genes expressed in human islets identified a central role for interferon (IFN)-regulated pathways and tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2). Polymorphisms in the TYK2 gene predicted to decrease function are associated with a decreased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. We presently evaluated whether TYK2 plays a role in human pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and production of proinflammatory mediators. TYK2-silenced human β-cells exposed to polyinosinic-polycitidilic acid (PIC) (a mimick of double-stranded RNA produced during viral infection) showed less type I IFN pathway activation and lower production of IFNα and CXCL10. These cells also had decreased expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins, a hallmark of early β-cell inflammation in type 1 diabetes. Importantly, TYK2 inhibition prevented PIC-induced β-cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway of cell death. The present findings suggest that TYK2 regulates apoptotic and proinflammatory pathways in pancreatic β-cells via modulation of IFNα signaling, subsequent increase in MHC class I protein, and modulation of chemokines such as CXCL10 that are important for recruitment of T cells to the islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marroqui
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Tina Fløyel
- Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Fabio A Grieco
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Izortze Santin
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute and Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Anne Op de Beeck
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pancreatic Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pancreatic Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Nasheri N, Ning Z, Figeys D, Yao S, Goto NK, Pezacki JP. Activity-based profiling of the proteasome pathway during hepatitis C virus infection. Proteomics 2015; 15:3815-25. [PMID: 26314548 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection often leads to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The stability of the HCV proteins is controlled by ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent proteasome pathways. Many viruses modulate proteasome function for their propagation. To examine the interrelationship between HCV and the proteasome pathways we employed a quantitative activity-based protein profiling method. Using this approach we were able to quantify the changes in the activity of several proteasome subunits and found that proteasome activity is drastically reduced by HCV replication. The results imply a link between the direct downregulation of the activity of this pathway and chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Nasheri
- Life Sciences Division, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Zhibin Ning
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Daniel Figeys
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natalie K Goto
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - John Paul Pezacki
- Life Sciences Division, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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11
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McCarthy MK, Weinberg JB. The immunoproteasome and viral infection: a complex regulator of inflammation. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:21. [PMID: 25688236 PMCID: PMC4310299 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During viral infection, proper regulation of immune responses is necessary to ensure successful viral clearance with minimal host tissue damage. Proteasomes play a crucial role in the generation of antigenic peptides for presentation on MHC class I molecules, and thus activation of CD8 T cells, as well as activation of the NF-κB pathway. A specialized type of proteasome called the immunoproteasome is constitutively expressed in hematopoietic cells and induced in non-immune cells during viral infection by interferon signaling. The immunoproteasome regulates CD8 T cell responses to many viral epitopes during infection. Accumulating evidence suggests that the immunoproteasome may also contribute to regulation of proinflammatory cytokine production, activation of the NF-κB pathway, and management of oxidative stress. Many viruses have mechanisms of interfering with immunoproteasome function, including prevention of transcriptional upregulation of immunoproteasome components as well as direct interaction of viral proteins with immunoproteasome subunits. A better understanding of the role of the immunoproteasome in different cell types, tissues, and hosts has the potential to improve vaccine design and facilitate the development of effective treatment strategies for viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K McCarthy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jason B Weinberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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