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Coenzyme Q10 supplementation mitigates piroxicam-induced oxidative injury and apoptotic pathways in the stomach, liver, and kidney. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110627. [PMID: 34321156 PMCID: PMC7453214 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PM produced oxidative stress in gastric, liver, and kidney tissue. PM-induced toxicity was mediated by ROS and mitochondrial dysfunction. PM enhanced the activated caspase-3 expression. CoQ10 alleviates PM-induced gastropathy and hepato-renal damage. CoQ10 might be effective in COVID-19 treatment regimen.
Piroxicam (PM) is an oxicam-NSAID commonly recommended for various pain and associated inflammatory disorders. However, it is reported to have a gastric and hepato-renal toxic effect. Therefore, the current research was planned to investigate the possible mechanisms behind the mitigating action of the coenzyme (CoQ10), a natural, free radical scavenger, against PM tissue injury. Rats were assigned to five equal groups; Control, CoQ10 (10 mg/kg, orally), PM (7 mg/kg, i.p.), CoQ + PM L, and CoQ + PM H group. After 28 days, PM provoked severe gastric ulceration and marked liver and kidney damage indicated by an elevated gastric ulcer index and considerable alteration in liver and kidney biochemical tests. The toxic effects might be attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction and excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as indicated by enhanced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels along with decreased reduced-glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activity. Apoptotic cell death also was demonstrated by increased regulation of activated caspase-3 in the stomach, liver, and kidney tissues. Interestingly, external supplementation of CoQ10 attenuated the PM-inflicted deleterious oxidative harm and apoptosis. This ameliorative action was ascribed to the free radical scavenging activity of CoQ10.
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S. Hamed S, Abdel Sala S, F. El-Khad M, A. AL-Megr W, K. Hassan Z, M. Shuker E. Chlorpheniramine Maleate Induced Cardiotoxicity, Hepatotoxicity and Antioxidant Gene Expression Changes in Male Wistar Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2020. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2020.351.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ebaid H, Abdel-Salam B, Alhazza I, Al-Tamimi J, Hassan I, Rady A, Mashaly A, Mahmoud A, Sammour R. Samsum ant venom modulates the immune response and redox status at the acute toxic dose in vivo. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2019; 25:e20190020. [PMID: 31839800 PMCID: PMC6892565 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ant venoms express surface molecules that participate in antigen
presentation involving pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This work aims
to investigate the expression of MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on the
polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in rats injected with samsum ant venom
(SAV). Methods: Rats were divided into three groups - control, SAV-treated (intraperitoneal
route, 600 μg/kg), and SAV-treated (subcutaneous route, 600 μg/kg). After
five doses, animals were euthanized and samples collected for analysis. Results: The subcutaneous SAV-trated rats presented decreased levels of glutathione
with increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Intraperitoneal
SAV-treated animals displayed significantly reduced concentrations of both
IFN-γ and IL-17 in comparison with the control group. However,
intraperitoneal and subcutaneous SAV-treated rats were able to upregulate
the expressions of MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on PMNs in comparison with the
control respectively. The histological examination showed severe lymphocyte
depletion in the splenic white pulp of the intraperitoneal SAV-injected
rats. Conclusion: Stimulation of PMNs by SAV leads to upregulation of MHC-II, CD 80, and CD 86,
which plays critical roles in antigen presentation and consequently
proliferation of T-cells. Subcutaneous route was more efficient than
intraperitoneal by elevating MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 expression, disturbing
oxidative stability and increasing lipogram concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa Abdel-Salam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in El-Quwiaya, 11961, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alhazza
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Al-Tamimi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftekhar Hassan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Rady
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Mashaly
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda Sammour
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Nigatu TA, Afework M, Urga K, Ergete W, Makonnen E. Toxicological investigation of acute and chronic treatment with Gnidia stenophylla Gilg root extract on some blood parameters and histopathology of spleen, liver and kidney in mice. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:625. [PMID: 29183389 PMCID: PMC5704563 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2964-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In southeast Ethiopia, people locally use the roots of Gnidia stenophylla Gilg (Thymelaeaceae) to cure malaria and other diseases with no literature evidence substantiating its safety. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the safety of the aqueous root extract of G. stenophylla after acute (single dose) and repeated sub chronic oral administration in mice. Results A single oral administration of the extract at 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg body weight did not induce any behavioral change and mortality in both sexes. The oral LD50 of the extract was found to be above 6000 mg/kg body weight in mice. Chronic treatment with the extract for 13 weeks did not induce any sign of illness and/or death and had no adverse effect on the body weight. Dose-related elevations of erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, platelets and neutrophils differential and significant decrease in the number of lymphocyte were observed. Liver sections of mice treated with 800 mg/kg body weight, revealed mild inflammations around the portal triads and central veins; whereas the spleen and kidneys appeared normal with no detectable gross morphological and histopathological alteration at both doses. Conclusions The results of this study revealed that aqueous root extract of G. stenophylla Gilg at antimalarial dose is safe even when taken for a longer period. At a higher dose, the extract may have a potential to increase some hematological indices but may induce mild hepatotoxicity as a side effect. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-017-2964-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilahun Alemayehu Nigatu
- Anatomy Course Team, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, P.O.Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
| | - Mekbeb Afework
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kelbessa Urga
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Traditional and Modern Medicine, Vaccines Directorate, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wondwossen Ergete
- Department of Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Eyasu Makonnen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Zaulet M, Kevorkian SEM, Dinescu S, Cotoraci C, Suciu M, Herman H, Buburuzan L, Badulescu L, Ardelean A, Hermenean A. Protective effects of silymarin against bisphenol A-induced hepatotoxicity in mouse liver. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:821-828. [PMID: 28450905 PMCID: PMC5403334 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical released into the environment, with severe consequences for human health, including metabolic syndrome and associated pathological conditions. Due to limited information on BPA-induced hepatotoxicity, the present study focused on investigating the association between BPA-induced toxicity and inflammatory markers in the liver, and how these injuries may be alleviated using the natural agent silymarin, a flavonoid with antioxidant properties obtained from Silybum marianum. Administration of BPA to male CD-1 mice for 10 days caused a significant increase in the number of cells immunopositive for interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, pro-inflammatory cytokines that mediate the hepatic inflammatory response. Treatment with 200 mg/kg of silymarin concurrently with BPA for 10 days resulted in a diminished level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and in significantly reduced ultrastructural injuries. Additionally, silymarin was able to restore the significantly decreased glycogen deposits observed following BPA exposure to normal levels, thus favoring hepatic glycogenesis. This study represents the first report of silymarin ability to reduce hepatic lesions and to counteract inflammation caused by BPA in mice. A dose of 200 mg/kg silymarin was sufficient to induce a protective effect against structural and ultrastructural injuries induced by BPA and to lower the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines observed in murine liver tissue following exposure to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Zaulet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Steliana Elvira Maria Kevorkian
- Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Cotoraci
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Maria Suciu
- Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Hildegard Herman
- Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Laura Buburuzan
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Liliana Badulescu
- Department of Bioengineering of Horti-Viticultural System, University of Agronomical Science and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurel Ardelean
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Anca Hermenean
- Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania.,Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Vasile Goldiș' Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania
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Interleukin-18 Antagonism Improved Histopathological Conditions of Malaria Infection in Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2015; 10:389-401. [PMID: 26622294 PMCID: PMC4662739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin 18 (IL-18) exerts pleiotropic roles in many inflammatory-related diseases including parasitic infection. Previous studies have demonstrated the promising therapeutic potential of modulating IL-18 bioactivity in various pathological conditions. However, its involvement during malaria infection has yet to be established. In this study, we demonstrated the effect of modulating IL-18 on the histopathological conditions of malaria infected mice. METHODS Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in male ICR mice was used as a model for malaria infection. Modulation of IL-18 release was carried out by treatment of malarial mice with recombinant mouse IL-18 (rmIL-18) and recombinant mouse IL-18 Fc chimera (rmIL-18Fc) intravenously. Histopathological study and analysis were performed on major organs including brain, liver, spleen, lungs and kidney. RESULTS Treatment with rmIL-18Fc resulted in significant improvements on the histopathological conditions of the organs in malaria-infected mice. CONCLUSION IL-18 is an important mediator of malaria pathogenesis and targeting IL-18 could prove beneficial in malaria-infected host.
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Abouzeinab NS. Antioxidant Effect of Silymarin on Cisplatin-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jpt.2015.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Alebachew M, Kinfu Y, Makonnen E, Bekuretsion Y, Urga K, Afework M. Toxicological evaluation of methanol leaves extract of Vernonia bipontini Vatke in blood, liver and kidney tissues of mice. Afr Health Sci 2014; 14:1012-24. [PMID: 25834514 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v14i4.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various medicinal plants have been studied using modern scientific approaches. These plants have a variety of properties and various biological components that can be used to treat various diseases. However, harmful effects of plants are common clinical occurrence. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate toxicological assessment of acute and chronic methanol leaf extract of Vernonia bipontini Vatke (V.bipontini V) on blood, liver and kidney tissues of mice. METHODS Lethal dose (LD) at which 50% of experimental mice died and long term toxicity of methanolic leaf extract of V. bipontini V were determined. Some hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Then, liver and kidney tissues of each animal were taken and processed for light microscopy. RESULTS Almost all mice treated with 800mg/kg methanol leaf extract of V. bipontini V showed swellings on the left part of abdominal region related to location of spleen, mild diarrhea and enlargement of spleen. The LD50 of the methanol leaf extract of V. bipontini V was 2130.6±1.5mg/kg. Treatment with 800mg/kg body weight of methanol leaf extract significantly decreased body, liver and kidney weights, red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (Hgb), mean cell haemoglobin (Mch), Mchc, platelet and significantly increased serum aspartate transferance (AST), vatanine tranferance(ALT) and alkaline phosphate (ALP) levels while 400mg/kg dose had no effect on these parameters. The reduced organ weights did not correlate with loss of body weight at 800mg/kg of methanol leaf extract of the plant. Light microscope observations of liver tissue of mice treated with 800mg/kg of the methanol leaf extract revealed dilated sinusoids, nuclear enlargement, lots of bi-nucleation of hepatocytes, peripheral cramped chromatin, shrinkages (single cell death) of hepatocytes, fragmentation of hepatocytes while no histopathological changes were observed in liver and kidney of mice treated at 400mg/kg. Kidney tissue sections of mice did not show significant histopathological changes at 400mg/kg. However, at 800mg/kg kidney sections showed increased cellularity of glomerulus, urinary space obliteration and enlarged macula densa. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the methanol leaf extract may have been phytotoxic to liver that resulted in a rise in serum AST, ALT and ALP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mebratu Alebachew
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yamrot Kinfu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Eyasu Makonnen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Bekuretsion
- Department of Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kelbesa Urga
- Department of Drug Research, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mekbeb Afework
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Antioxidant bioactivity of Samsum ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis) venom protects against CCL₄-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:763061. [PMID: 24803985 PMCID: PMC3997132 DOI: 10.1155/2014/763061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To assess whether SAV could influence the effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) exposure, mice were treated with SAV in doses of 100, 200, 300 and 400 μg/kg body weight and the effects on oxidative status and kidney function were studied. Serum levels of creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), and blood urea, together with renal and hepatic levels of MDA, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were quantified in order to evaluate antioxidant activity. Results showed that the group injected with CCL4 exhibited significantly higher levels of oxidative stress markers, MDA, and significantly lower concentrations of GSH, SOD and catalase. SAV was found to significantly improve these oxidative markers, occasionally, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, treatment with SAV was associated with the same behaviour in respect to kidney functions which had previously been impaired by CCL4. Histopathological examination demonstrated that SAV, in different groups, improved the renal tissue damage induced by CCL4 and histological scores confirmed that significant improvements were obtained after treatment with SAV, particularly with the lowest dose (100 μg/kg body weight). In conclusion, SAV has the potential capability to restore oxidative stability and to improve kidney functions after CCL4 acute injury.
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Dkhil MA, Abdel-Baki AS, Al-Quraishy S, Abdel-Moneim AE. Hepatic oxidative stress in Mongolian gerbils experimentally infected with Babesia divergens. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2013; 4:346-51. [PMID: 23558234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate oxidative stress, DNA damage, and histopathological alterations in hepatic tissues of Mongolian gerbils experimentally infected with Babesia divergens. It was found that parasitaemia reached approximately 77% at day 5 post-infection. The liver became dark-brown and extremely friable, and hepatic sinusoids were dilated and contained macrophages and parasite-containing erythrocytes. Infection also induced inflammation and injury of the liver. This was illustrated by (1) an increase in inflammatory cellular infiltrations, (2) a decrease in total antioxidant capacity, as indicated by lowered glutathione and catalase levels, (3) increased production of nitric oxide-derived products (nitrite/nitrate) and malondialdehyde, and (4) increased lactic acid dehydrogenase activity and protein carbonyl content in the liver. Infection also interfered with the normal cell cycle of the hepatic tissue, as indicated by a significant increase in the percentage of liver cells at G0/G1 from approximately 86.2% to 97.5% and in S phases from 0.28% to 2.2%. Collectively, the present data suggest that B. divergens infection could induce cell-cycle alteration following oxidative stress and DNA damage in hepatic tissue. Further work is required to investigate the mechanism by which this hepatic tissue damage takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Dkhil
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Hayelom K, Mekbeb A, Eyasu M, Wondwossen E, Kelbesa U. Methanolic effect of Clerodendrum myricoides root extract on blood, liver and kidney tissues of mice. Afr Health Sci 2012; 12:489-97. [PMID: 23516113 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v12i4.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study deals with the toxicological investigations of chronic treatment with methanol root extract of Clerodendrum myricoides on body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters, and liver and kidney tissue sections. Mice treated with 100mg/kg bw/day of methanol extract showed no behavioral changes. However, there was a general reduction of activity in mice treated with 400mg/kg bw/day methanol extract and LD50 treated mice showed hypoactivity, grooming, prostration, piloroerection and irritation during administration towards the last days of the treatment period. The body weight gain difference in the 100mg/kg bw/day methanol extract treated group was not significant, while those of the others were significant as compared with the controls. Hematological results for the RBC count, HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC in methanol extract treated mice showed no significant changes at both doses of treatments as compared with the controls. However, the value of lymphocytes was found significantly increased at 100 and 400mg/kg bw/day methanol extract. Similarly, HGB was significantly increased at 100 and 400mg/kg bw/day of methanol extract treated groups. On the other hand, WBC and platelets count were significantly decreased after treatment with 400mg/kg bw/day methanol extract. ALT, ALP, AST and urea values were significantly increased respectively at 100mg/kg bw/day and 400mg/kg bw/day methanol extract. Several histopathological changes of liver and kidney were observed in the extract treated mice as compared to the controls. Such histopathological changes observed in both liver and kidneys were inflammations and hydropic degenerations of hepatocytes at both doses of methanol. In addition, in the LD50 treated mice of the extracts there were also hemorrhages and signs in congestion of glomeruli of the kidney. CONCLUSION chronic treatment with Clerodendrum myricoides extracts in mice causes reduction in body weight gain, damage to liver & kidney and changes in some hematological & biochemical parameters. It is therefore, suggested that further studies are needed for minimization of the observed side effects, while maintaining the claimed medicinal values of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hayelom
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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Ebaid H, Al-Khalifa M, Isa AM, Gadoa S. Bioactivity of Samsum ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis) venom against lipopolysaccharides through antioxidant and upregulation of Akt1 signaling in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2012; 11:93. [PMID: 22824368 PMCID: PMC3416678 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-11-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed at investigating the oxidative stress ameliorating effect, lipids profile restoration, and the anti-inflammatory effect of Samsum Ant Venom (SAV) in induced endotoxemic male rats, injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Results Results revealed that LPS significantly increased the oxidative stress indications in LPS-injected rats. A significant increase of both malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP), as well as a significant suppression of glutathione were all detected. Treatment with 100 μg/kg dose of SAV significantly restored the oxidative stress normal indications and increased the total glutathione levels. Treatment of the LPS-rats with 100 μg/kg dose of SAV showed a clear anti-inflammatory function; as the histological architecture of the hepatic tissue was partially recovered, along with a valuable decrease in the leukocytes infiltrated the hepatic tissues. Treatment of some rat groups with 600 μg/kg dose of SAV after LPS injection induced a severe endotoxemia that resulted in very high mortality rates. SAV versus the effects of LPS on AKT1, Fas, TNF-α and IFN-γ mRNA expression. SAV was found to significantly lower Fas gene expression comparing to the LPS group and restore the level of IFN-γ mRNA expression to that of the control group. Conclusion In conclusion, SAV, at the dose of 100 μg/kg body weight, maintained and restored the oxidative stability, the anti-inflammatory, and the hypolipidemic bioactivity in rats after induced disruption of these parameters by LPS injection. This improvement by SAV was mediated by upregulation of AKT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P,O,Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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