1
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Zeng XL, Zhu LJ, Yang XD. Exploration of the complex origins of primary constipation. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:5476-5482. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i24.5476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty in passing stools. It can significantly affect an individual's quality of life and overall well-being. Understanding the causes of constipation is important for its effective management and treatment. In this paper, we have reviewed the primary causes of constipation or functional constipation. Primary constipation is a bowel disorder associated with colonic or anorectal sensorimotor or neuromuscular dysfunction. As per the literature, it is multifactorial and involves factors such as decreased interstitial cells of Cajal, altered colonic motility, enteric nervous system dysfunction, intestinal flora disturbances, and psychological influences. Clinical symptoms include difficulty in defecation, decreased frequency of defecation, or a feeling of incomplete evacuation. A comprehensive evaluation and management of constipation require an interdisciplinary approach incorporating dietary modifications, lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy, and psychological interventions. Further research is imperative to explain the intricate mechanisms underlying constipation and develop targeted therapies for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Lin Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lian-Jun Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Yang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu 610015, Sichuan Province, China
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2
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Yamamoto S, Ohashi W, Yamaguchi Y, Igari H, Koshino A, Sugiyama T, Nagao K, Tamura Y, Izawa S, Mano M, Ebi M, Usami J, Hamano K, Izumi J, Wakita Y, Funaki Y, Ogasawara N, Sasanabe R, Sasaki M, Maekawa M, Kasugai K. Factors Associated with Defecation Satisfaction among Japanese Adults with Chronic Constipation. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3216. [PMID: 38892926 PMCID: PMC11172833 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Constipation causes substantial morbidity worldwide. Methods: This survey assessed constipation-related factors in Japan using the Japanese version of the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life (IBS-QOL-J) instrument. We also examined the relationship among laxative type, Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) scores, and treatment cost. Finally, we examined differences in satisfaction scores according to laxative type, treatment type, treatment cost, and BSFS score. Results: IBS-QOL-J was higher among those taking salt and/or irritation laxatives. Those paying >JPY 5000 (USD 50.00) had the lowest IBS-QOL-J. IBS-QOL-J was significantly lower among those with a BSFS score of 1 or 2 (severe constipation). Conclusions: This study's findings suggest that a variety of factors, including treatment type and cost, are associated with defecation satisfaction. Those who had hard stools, used multiple laxatives, or spent more on treatment were less satisfied. Future strategies should target therapies that do not require multiple laxatives with lower treatment costs. Adequate defecation with a small number of appropriate laxatives at minimal cost appears to improve defecation satisfaction. It is desirable to identify appropriate laxatives and improve dietary habits and exercise routines. It is also necessary to stop blindly increasing laxative usage and properly diagnose constipation disorders such as anatomical abnormalities other than functional constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
- Division of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Wataru Ohashi
- Division of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Yamaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroki Igari
- Division of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Akira Koshino
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sugiyama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tamura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Shinya Izawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Mamiko Mano
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Masahide Ebi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Jun Usami
- Division of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Koichi Hamano
- Division of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Junko Izumi
- Division of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Wakita
- Division of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yasushi Funaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Naotaka Ogasawara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Ryujiro Sasanabe
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Masato Maekawa
- Division of General Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Kunio Kasugai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
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Andresen V, Becker G, Frieling T, Goebel-Stengel M, Gundling F, Herold A, Karaus M, Keller J, Kim M, Klose P, Krammer H, Kreis ME, Kuhlbusch-Zicklam R, Langhorst J, Layer P, Lenzen-Großimlinghaus R, Madisch A, Mönnikes H, Müller-Lissner S, Rubin D, Schemann M, Schwille-Kiuntke J, Stengel A, Storr M, van der Voort I, Voderholzer W, Wedel T, Wirz S, Witzigmann H, Pehl C. Aktualisierte S2k-Leitlinie chronische Obstipation der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurogastroenterologie & Motilität (DGNM) – April 2022 – AWMF-Registriernummer: 021–019. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2022; 60:1528-1572. [PMID: 36223785 DOI: 10.1055/a-1880-1928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Andresen
- Medizinische Klinik, Israelitisches Krankenhaus, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - G Becker
- Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - T Frieling
- Medizinische Klinik II, Helios-Klinikum Krefeld, Krefeld, Deutschland
| | | | - F Gundling
- Medizinische Klinik II (Gastroenterologie, Gastroenterologische Onkologie, Hepatologie, Diabetologie, Stoffwechsel, Infektiologie), Klinikum am Bruderwald, Bamberg, Deutschland
| | - A Herold
- Sozialstiftung Bamberg, End- und Dickdarm-Zentrum Mannheim, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | - M Karaus
- Abt. Innere Medizin, Evang. Krankenhaus Göttingen-Weende, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - J Keller
- Medizinische Klinik, Israelitisches Krankenhaus, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - M Kim
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Transplantations-, Gefäß- und Kinderchirurgie (Chirurgische Klinik I) des Universitätsklinikums, Zentrum Operative Medizin (ZOM), Würzburg, Deutschland
| | - P Klose
- Universität Duisburg-Essen, Medizinische Fakultät, Essen, Deutschland
| | - H Krammer
- Sozialstiftung Bamberg, End- und Dickdarm-Zentrum Mannheim, Mannheim, Deutschland
| | - M E Kreis
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Gefäßchirurgie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | | | - J Langhorst
- Knappschafts-Krankenhaus, Essen, Deutschland
| | - P Layer
- Medizinische Klinik, Israelitisches Krankenhaus, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | | | - A Madisch
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, interventionelle Endoskopie und Diabetologie, Klinikum Siloah-Oststadt-Heidehaus, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - H Mönnikes
- Klinik für Innere Medizin, Martin-Luther-Krankenhaus, Berlin, Deutschland
| | | | - D Rubin
- Klinik für Innere Medizin Schwerpunkt Gastroenterologie, DRK Kliniken Berlin Mitte, Berlin, Deutschland.,Klinik für Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Gastroenterologie, Vivantes Klinikum Spandau, Spandau, Deutschland
| | - M Schemann
- Lehrstuhl für Humanbiologie, TU München, Freising, Deutschland
| | - J Schwille-Kiuntke
- Innere Medizin VI Psychosomat. Medizin u. Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland.,Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Versorgungsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - A Stengel
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Psychosomatik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Storr
- Zentrum für Endoskopie, Starnberg, Deutschland
| | - I van der Voort
- Klinik für Innere Medizin Gastroenterologie und Diabetologie, Jüdisches Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | | | - T Wedel
- Anatomisches Institut, Universität Kiel, Kiel, Deutschland
| | - S Wirz
- Cura Krankenhaus Bad Honnef, Bad Honnef, Deutschland
| | - H Witzigmann
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Krankenhaus Dresden-Friedrichstadt, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - C Pehl
- Medizinische Klinik, Krankenhaus Vilsbiburg, Vilsbiburg, Deutschland
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Yang S, Li SZ, Guo FZ, Zhou DX, Sun XF, Tai JD. Association of sleep duration with chronic constipation among adult men and women: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2010). Front Neurol 2022; 13:903273. [PMID: 36034289 PMCID: PMC9399653 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.903273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggested that unhealthy sleep patterns were closely associated with gastrointestinal diseases, but the impact of unhealthy sleep duration on chronic constipation has not been well studied until now. In this study, we aim to explore the association between sleep duration and constipation among males and females. Methods We utilized the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys data from 2005 to 2010, and adults (≥20 years old) who completed the sleep and bowel health questionnaires were enrolled in this observational study. Sleep duration was categorized into four groups: very short sleep (<5 h/night), short sleep (5-6 h/night), normal sleep (7-8 h/night), and long sleep (≥9 h/night). Chronic constipation was defined as Bristol Stool Scale Type 1(separate hard lumps, like nuts) or Type 2(sausage-like but lumpy). Controlling demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors, the logistic regression model in Generalized Linear Model (GLM) function was used to estimate the correlation of sleep duration with constipation among men and women. Results Of the 11,785 individuals (51.2% males and 48.8% females), 4.3% of men and 10.2% of women had constipation, respectively. More than half of patients with constipation did not adopt the recommended sleep duration. Compared with normal individuals, male participants with constipation had a higher proportion of shorter sleep duration (41.0 vs. 32.3% in the short sleep group and 6.3 vs. 4.7% in the very short sleep group), and female individuals with constipation had a higher proportion of long sleep duration (12.7 vs. 8.2%). After covariates adjustment, men with short sleep duration (5-6 h/night) correlated with increased odds for constipation (OR:1.54, 95%CI:1.05-2.25), and women with long sleep duration (≥9 h/night) linked to the higher constipation risk (OR:1.58, 95%CI:1.10-2.29). Excessive sleep duration in males or insufficient sleep duration in females was neither linked to increased nor decreased constipation risk. Conclusions In this observational study of a nationally representative sample of adults, we demonstrate a differential impact of unhealthy sleep duration on constipation among men and women. Short sleep duration poses a higher risk of constipation in men, and excessive sleep duration correlates with higher constipation risk in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shou-Zhen Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fu-Zheng Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong-Xu Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian-Dong Tai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Matsumoto Y, Nadatani Y, Otani K, Higashimori A, Ominami M, Fukunaga S, Hosomi S, Kamata N, Kimura T, Fukumoto S, Tanaka F, Taira K, Nagami Y, Watanabe T, Fujiwara Y. Prevalence and risk factor for chronic diarrhea in participants of a Japanese medical checkup. JGH Open 2022; 6:69-75. [PMID: 35071791 PMCID: PMC8762620 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although chronic diarrhea is a major digestive disorder, it has not been well studied. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic diarrhea in the Japanese population and to assess the relationship between stool type and frequency and symptoms related to chronic diarrhea. METHOD A total of 13 668 adults who underwent a medical checkup at MedCity21 were enrolled, and 9540 who met the inclusion criteria participated in the study. Participants with chronic diarrhea were defined as those who typically had a Bristol Stool Form Scale of type 6 or 7. RESULTS The prevalence of chronic diarrhea was 3.0%. The risk factors for chronic diarrhea were younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.984, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.972-0.996), male sex (OR = 2.270, CI = 1.730-2.960), alcohol intake on ≥5 days per week (OR = 2.390, CI = 1.860-3.060), not getting adequate sleep (OR = 0.712, CI = 0.559-0.907), skipping breakfast ≥3 times a week (OR = 1.490, CI = 1.120-1.980), and absence of diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.384, CI = 0.179-0.824). Only 23.5% of the participants in the diarrhea group had ≥3 bowel movements per day. Chronic diarrhea was significantly associated with heartburn, nausea, stomach ache, abdominal bloating and distension, and feeling of stress. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that chronic diarrhea is common in Japan with a prevalence of 3.0%; unique risk factors related to gender, age, and irregular lifestyle were identified. An understanding of bowel habit in the healthy population is helpful for the assessment of change in bowel habit associated with gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Matsumoto
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yuji Nadatani
- Premier Preventive MedicineOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Koji Otani
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Akira Higashimori
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Masaki Ominami
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Shusei Fukunaga
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Shuhei Hosomi
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Noriko Kamata
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Tatsuo Kimura
- Premier Preventive MedicineOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Shinya Fukumoto
- Premier Preventive MedicineOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Fumio Tanaka
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Koichi Taira
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yasuaki Nagami
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Toshio Watanabe
- Premier Preventive MedicineOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- Department of GastroenterologyOsaka City University Graduate School of MedicineOsakaJapan
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6
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Punj P, Agrawal S, Regmi MC, Pandey P. Prevalence and risk factors of striae gravidarum in a cohort of multiracial postpartum Nepalese population. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:1559-1569. [PMID: 34051042 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Striae gravidarum (SG), popularly called as stretch marks, is a common pregnancy-related asymptomatic skin condition, but is a cosmetic concern for females. A few epidemiological studies have been reported from Asian countries. However, no such study has been done in Nepal. AIMS This study was aimed to know the prevalence and risk factors associated with SG in a cohort of multi-ethnic postpartum Nepalese women who had delivered after completion of 36 weeks. PATIENTS/METHOD A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among 420 postpartum females who had delivered after completion of 36 weeks of gestation. Data were collected in the form of a questionnaire and relevant physical examination was done. The severity of SG was assessed by using Davey's scoring. RESULT Out of 420 females, 260 (62%) had SG while 160 (38%) did not. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, young age (<25 years), large abdominal circumference (>100 cm), increased weight gain during pregnancy (>15 kg), presence of family history of SG, gestational diabetes mellitus, altered bowel movement, and presence of striae on the breasts, thighs, and buttocks were found to be independent risk factors for SG. CONCLUSIONS Future expectant mothers must be informed about the risk factors of SG development. They need to be made aware that SG can be prevented by considering the modifiable risk factors, such as excessive weight gain. They should also be informed that SG is permanent and currently there is no definite treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Punj
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Sudha Agrawal
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Mohan Chandra Regmi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Prajwal Pandey
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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7
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Mark EB, Al-Saadi S, Olesen SS, Drewes AM, Krogh K, Frøkjær JB. Colorectal dimensions in the general population: impact of age and gender. Surg Radiol Anat 2021; 43:1431-1435. [PMID: 33903948 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-021-02756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Constipation is among the most common gastrointestinal disorders, although, there is no generally accepted objective diagnostic criteria thereof. It has been proposed that colorectal dimensions assessed with Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may support the diagnosis, but normative data are lacking. The aim of this study was to describe colorectal dimensions in a sample of the general population and to investigate whether the dimensions were under influence by age and gender. METHODS The maximum diameters and cross-sectional areas of the ascending colon, descending colon and rectum were determined from 119 CT scans of trauma patients (age groups from 15 to 70 years, 84 men and 35 women). A regression model was applied to explore the impact of age and gender on colorectal dimensions. RESULTS Overall, great variations were found for all colorectal diameters and cross-sectional areas (median diameter (5% percentiles; 95% percentiles): ascending 46 (26; 63) mm; descending 29 (16; 48) mm; rectum 39 (22; 67) mm. Women had larger rectal cross-sectional areas, reflecting more rectal content, compared to men (p = 0.003). Age did not affect colorectal diameters or cross-sectional areas (all p > 0.10). CONCLUSION Great variations of colorectal dimensions were found. Larger rectal cross-sectional areas in women could likely reflect the fact that women have increased prevalence of constipation. Future studies should take gender into consideration when evaluating colorectal dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esben Bolvig Mark
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, P.O. Box 365, 9100, Aalborg, Denmark. .,Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Sahar Al-Saadi
- Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren Schou Olesen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, P.O. Box 365, 9100, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Asbjørn Mohr Drewes
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, P.O. Box 365, 9100, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Klaus Krogh
- Neurogastroenterology Unit, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Brøndum Frøkjær
- Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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8
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Xiong W, Jiang Y, Yu T, Zheng Y, Jiang L, Shen X, Tang Y, Lin L. Estrogen-regulated expression of SK3 channel in rat colonic smooth muscle contraction. Life Sci 2020; 263:118549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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9
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Dantas AAG, Barbosa IR, Castro SSD, Ferreira CWS, Camara SMAD, Dantas DDS. PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTIPATION IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: A COMMUNITY-BASED STUDY. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2020; 57:188-192. [PMID: 32609161 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.202000000-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal constipation is characterized by problems related to evacuation, and presents high prevalence in the female gender. This condition has demonstrated negative effects on the development of daily activities, causing damage to the physical and emotional well-being of individuals who are diagnosed with it. Studies that investigate what health impairments intestinal constipation can cause are scarce in the literature. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to verify the prevalence and factors associated with intestinal constipation in premenopausal women living in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS It is a cross-sectional study. This was carried out in the northeast of Brazil. Participated 195 women, adult and middle age. Social conditions, habits and lifestyle, clinical aspects and obstetric history were investigated. Constipation was diagnosed using the Rome III Criteria. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Poisson Regression with robust variance to analyze the relationship between intestinal constipation and independent variables. A statistical significance level of P<0.05 was considered. RESULTS Most of the women were between 25 and 39 years old (49.2%) and had an income of up to one minimum wage (79.5%). The intestinal constipation prevalence was 35.4%. In the final multivariate regression model, hemorrhoid clinical aspects (P=0.01), pain (P=0.001) and a burning sensation (P=0.01) on bowel movement, and sexual dysfunction (P=0.03) remained associated with constipation. CONCLUSION The present study found a significant prevalence of constipation among premenopausal women and clinical factors such as hemorrhoids, pain and a burning sensation, and sexual dysfunction were associated with intestinal constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Almeida Gomes Dantas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde de Trairi (FACISA), Santa Cruz, RN, Brasil
| | - Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde de Trairi (FACISA), Santa Cruz, RN, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Diego de Sousa Dantas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde de Trairi (FACISA), Santa Cruz, RN, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
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10
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Lazebnik LB, Turkina SV, Golovanova EV, Ardatskaya MD, Ostroumova OD, Komissarenko IA, Korochanskaya NV, Kozlova IV, Uspensky YP, Fominykh YA, Levchenko SV, Loranskaya ID, Tkachenko EI, Sitkin SI, Bakulin IG, Bakulina NV, Shemerovsky KA. Constipation in adults. EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY 2020:10-33. [DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-175-3-10-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. B. Lazebnik
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A. I. Evdokimov
| | | | - E. V. Golovanova
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A. I. Evdokimov
| | - M. D. Ardatskaya
- Medical Center of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation
| | - O. D. Ostroumova
- Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology (RCRCG) of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; All-Russia public organization “Russian Association of Gerontologists and Geriatrics”
| | - I. A. Komissarenko
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A. I. Evdokimov
| | | | - I. V. Kozlova
- “Saratov State Medical University n. a. V. I. Razumovsky”
| | | | | | - S. V. Levchenko
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A. I. Evdokimov
| | | | | | - S. I. Sitkin
- “North-West State Medical University n. a. I. I. Mechnikov”
| | - I. G. Bakulin
- “North-West State Medical University n. a. I. I. Mechnikov”
| | - N. V. Bakulina
- “North-West State Medical University n. a. I. I. Mechnikov”
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11
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Constipation and diarrhea during the menopause transition and early postmenopause: observations from the Seattle Midlife Women's Health Study. Menopause 2019; 25:615-624. [PMID: 29381667 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship of constipation and diarrhea severity during the menopause transition (MT) with age, MT stage, reproductive biomarkers, stress-related biomarkers, and stress-related perceptions. METHODS From 1990 to 1992, women aged 35 to 55 years were recruited from the greater Seattle area; 291 of them consented to ongoing (1990-2013) annual data collection by daily menstrual calendar, health diary, and annual health questionnaire. A subset (n = 131) provided a first morning voided urine specimen (1997-2013). These were assayed for levels of E1G, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, cortisol, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Mixed-effects modeling was used to identify how changes in constipation and diarrhea severity over time related to age, MT stage, reproductive biomarkers, stress-related biomarkers, and stress-related perceptions. RESULTS In a univariate model, age, late reproductive (LR) stage, tension, and anxiety were all significantly and positively related to constipation severity, whereas cortisol was significantly and negatively associated. In a multivariate model, only tension and cortisol remained significant predictors of constipation severity (P < 0.05). In a univariate model, age, LR stage, and estrone glucuronide were significantly and negatively associated with diarrhea severity, whereas tension, anxiety, and perceived stress were significantly and positively related. In a multivariate model, only tension and age remained significant predictors of diarrhea severity. CONCLUSIONS Key reproductive hormones do not play a significant role in constipation or diarrhea severity in the MT. In contrast, stress perception, tension, anxiety, and cortisol do. These factors should be evaluated in further research involving constipation and diarrhea.
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12
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Hamano H, Mitsui M, Zamami Y, Takechi K, Nimura T, Okada N, Fukushima K, Imanishi M, Chuma M, Horinouchi Y, Izawa-Ishizawa Y, Kirino Y, Nakamura T, Teraoka K, Ikeda Y, Fujino H, Yanagawa H, Tamaki T, Ishizawa K. Irinotecan-induced neutropenia is reduced by oral alkalization drugs: analysis using retrospective chart reviews and the spontaneous reporting database. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:849-856. [PMID: 30062585 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE SN-38, an active metabolite of irinotecan, is reabsorbed by the intestinal tract during excretion, causing diarrhoea and neutropenia. In addition, the association between blood levels of SN-38 and neutropenia has been reported previously, and the rapid excretion of SN-38 from the intestinal tract is considered to prevent neutropenia. Oral alkalization drugs are used as prophylactic agents for suppressing SN-38 reabsorption. The relationship between oral alkalization drugs and neutropenia, however, has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral alkalization drugs and neutropenia in irinotecan-treated patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with cervical or ovarian cancer were administered irinotecan and investigated by medical chart reviews to determine whether oral alkalization drugs were effective at ameliorating irinotecan-induced neutropenia. The drug combination in the oral alkalization drugs-ursodeoxycholic acid, magnesium oxide, and sodium hydrogen carbonate-significantly improved neutrophil counts and reduced dose intensity compared with those of non-users. In the large-scale Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database, the reporting odds ratio of irinotecan-induced neutropenia was significantly lower when irinotecan had been given in combination with oral alkalization drugs. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that oral alkalization drugs may reduce the frequency of neutropenia caused by irinotecan administration, making it possible to increase the dose safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Hamano
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Marin Mitsui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoshito Zamami
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Kenshi Takechi
- Clinical Trial Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nimura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naoto Okada
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keijo Fukushima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masaki Imanishi
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Chuma
- Clinical Trial Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuya Horinouchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Izawa-Ishizawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kirino
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshimi Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Teraoka
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujino
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yanagawa
- Clinical Trial Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tamaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ishizawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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13
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Huang T, Ning Z, Hu D, Zhang M, Zhao L, Lin C, Zhong LLD, Yang Z, Xu H, Bian Z. Uncovering the Mechanisms of Chinese Herbal Medicine (MaZiRenWan) for Functional Constipation by Focused Network Pharmacology Approach. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:270. [PMID: 29632490 PMCID: PMC5879454 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MaZiRenWan (MZRW, also known as Hemp Seed Pill) is a Chinese Herbal Medicine which has been demonstrated to safely and effectively alleviate functional constipation (FC) in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study with 120 subjects. However, the underlying pharmacological actions of MZRW for FC, are still largely unknown. We systematically analyzed the bioactive compounds of MZRW and mechanism-of-action biological targets through a novel approach called “focused network pharmacology.” Among the 97 compounds identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS in MZRW extract, 34 were found in rat plasma, while 10 were found in rat feces. Hierarchical clustering analysis suggest that these compounds can be classified into component groups, in which compounds are highly similar to each other and most of them are from the same herb. Emodin, amygdalin, albiflorin, honokiol, and naringin were selected as representative compounds of corresponding component groups. All of them were shown to induce spontaneous contractions of rat colonic smooth muscle in vitro. Network analysis revealed that biological targets in acetylcholine-, estrogen-, prostaglandin-, cannabinoid-, and purine signaling pathways are able to explain the prokinetic effects of representative compounds and corresponding component groups. In conclusion, MZRW active components enhance colonic motility, possibly by acting on multiple targets and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Ziwan Ning
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Dongdong Hu
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.,Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Chengyuan Lin
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.,YMU-HKBU Joint Laboratory of Traditional Natural Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
| | - Linda L D Zhong
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhijun Yang
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Lab of Brain and Gut Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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14
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Li Y, Yu Y, Li S, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Shi Y, Zhang S. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification-based proteomic analysis that reveals the roles of progesterone receptor, inflammation, and fibrosis for slow-transit constipation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:385-392. [PMID: 28699285 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Progesterone receptor, inflammation, neurotransmitter expression, and fibrosis are involved in slow-transit constipation. The aim of the present study was to examine whether patients with slow-transit constipation have an overexpression of progesterone receptor and serotonin, which may impair the fibrosis of muscularis propria in colorectal wall. METHODS High-resolution colon manometry was used to record the colorectal peristaltic contractions of the proximal ascending and sigmoid colon in patients. Protein samples prepared from frozen sigmoid colon tissue and the proximal margin of the ascending colon of four female patients were compared using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification labeling technique coupled to 2D liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Immunohistochemical staining of progesterone receptor, serotonin, and fibronectin was performed in paraffin-embedded sigmoid colon tissues and the proximal margin of the ascending colon or ileum from 43 patients with slow-transit constipation. RESULTS Among these differentially regulated proteins based on isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, 56 proteins involved in the response to progesterone, inflammation, matrix remodeling, fibrosis, and muscle metabolism. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that there was significantly higher expression of progesterone receptor (t = 19.19, P = 0.000) and serotonin (t = 13.52, P = 0.004) in sigmoid colon than in the proximal margin of the ascending colon and ileum. Progesterone receptor and fibronectin expression in the outer layer of muscularis propria were higher than in the middle layer. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that progesterone receptor, along with inflammation and fibrosis, may take part in slow-transit constipation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjun Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyuan Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingqing Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xipeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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15
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Peptide YY producing strumal carcinoid tumor of the ovary in a postmenopausal woman: a rare cause of chronic constipation. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2017; 60:602-607. [PMID: 29184871 PMCID: PMC5694737 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2017.60.6.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Strumal carcinoid tumor of the ovary is a rare subtype of ovarian carcinoid tumors; it is characterized by an intimate mixture of thyroid and carcinoid tissues. We present a case of a 64-year-old woman who presented with the chief complaint of persistent, severe constipation for over 5 years; she was later found to have an ovarian strumal carcinoid tumor. Computed tomography showed a well-defined solid mass measuring 6.4 cm at the right adnexa. The patient underwent right salpingo-oophorectomy and was histopathologically diagnosed as having a strumal carcinoid tumor. Immunohistochemical examination showed immunoreactivity for peptide YY (PYY), which exerts an inhibitory effect on the peristaltic actions of the distal intestine. After surgery, the patient's constipation resolved rapidly, suggesting a correlation between PYY producing ovarian carcinoid tumor and constipation. This is the first case report of PYY producing primary strumal carcinoid tumor of the ovary associated with persistent, severe constipation from Korea.
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16
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Svensson E, Henderson VW, Borghammer P, Horváth-Puhó E, Sørensen HT. Constipation and risk of Parkinson’s disease: A Danish population-based cohort study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2016; 28:18-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Bábíčková J, Tóthová Ľ, Lengyelová E, Bartoňová A, Hodosy J, Gardlík R, Celec P. Sex Differences in Experimentally Induced Colitis in Mice: a Role for Estrogens. Inflammation 2016; 38:1996-2006. [PMID: 25962374 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences have been found in the incidence and progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The reported differences in observational studies are controversial, and the effects of sex hormones on the pathogenesis of IBD are not clear. The aim of this study was to analyze sex differences in the progression of experimentally induced colitis. Experimental colitis was induced in adult mice by adding 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) into drinking water. Male and female mice were used as intact, gonadectomized, and supplemented with either estradiol or testosterone. In comparison to males, female mice with induced colitis had significantly longer colon (p < 0.05), lower decrease in body weight (p < 0.001), and lower stool consistency score (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis showed less inflammatory infiltrates (p < 0.001) and crypt damage (p < 0.001) in female mice. Female mice with colitis had also lower concentration of TNF-α in colon homogenates (p < 0.01). Supplementation with estradiol in ovariectomized mice ameliorated the severity of colitis. Female mice are partially protected against chemically induced colitis. This protection seems to be mediated by estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Bábíčková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia,
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18
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Li Y, Xu J, Jiang F, Jiang Z, Liu C, Li L, Luo Y, Lu R, Mu Y, Liu Y, Xue B. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor is involved in modulating colonic motor function via nitric oxide release in C57BL/6 female mice. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28:432-42. [PMID: 26661936 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen may regulate gastrointestinal motor functions, but the mechanism(s) is not totally understood. Here, we investigated whether G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) was involved in regulating colonic motor functions and explored the underlying physiological mechanisms. METHODS Adult female C57BL/6 mice were used. The expression and localization of GPER were examined by RT-PCR, western blot, and immuno-labeling. The role of GPER in modulating colonic motor functions was assessed by the bead propulsion test in vivo and organ bath experiments in vitro. KEY RESULTS GPER was expressed in colonic myenteric neurons. The colonic transit time (CTT) in proestrus and estrus was significantly longer than that in diestrus. In vivo treatment with the selective GPER blocker G15 significantly shortened CTT in proestrus and estrus. In ovariectomized mice, acute estrogen supplementation increased CTT, which could be abolished by G15 co-administration. The GPER agonist G-1 caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of carbachol -induced circular muscle strips contraction, which was abolished by tetrodotoxin and the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitor N-propyl-l-arginine. G-1 stimulated NO production in isolated longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus and cultured myenteric neurons, which was dependent on nNOS. Immunofluorescence labeling showed co-localization of GPER with nNOS in the myenteric plexus. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES We suggest that activation of GPER exerts an inhibitory effect on colonic motility by promoting NO release from myenteric nitrergic nerves. These results raise a possibility that GPER may be involved in mediating the inhibitory effect of estrogen on colonic motor functions, via a non-genomic, neurogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - F Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Z Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - C Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - R Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Y Mu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - B Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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19
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Mukudai S, Ichi Matsuda K, Bando H, Takanami K, Nishio T, Sugiyama Y, Hisa Y, Kawata M. Expression of Sex Steroid Hormone Receptors in Vagal Motor Neurons Innervating the Trachea and Esophagus in Mouse. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2016; 49:37-46. [PMID: 27006520 PMCID: PMC4794553 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.15037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The medullary vagal motor nuclei, the nucleus ambiguus (NA) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), innervate the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. We conducted immunohistochemical analysis of expression of the androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor α (ERα), in relation to innervation of the trachea and esophagus via vagal motor nuclei in mice. AR and ERα were expressed in the rostral NA and in part of the DMV. Tracing experiments using cholera toxin B subunit demonstrated that neurons of vagal motor nuclei that innervate the trachea and esophagus express AR and ERα. There was no difference in expression of sex steroid hormone receptors between trachea- and esophagus-innervating neurons. These results suggest that sex steroid hormones may act on vagal motor nuclei via their receptors, thereby regulating functions of the trachea and esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyuki Mukudai
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Department of Otolaryngology-Bronchoesophagology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital
| | - Ken Ichi Matsuda
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Hideki Bando
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Keiko Takanami
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Ushimado Marine Institute, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Takeshi Nishio
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Yoichiro Sugiyama
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Yasuo Hisa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kyoto Gakuen University
| | - Mitsuhiro Kawata
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University
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20
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Tang YR, Yang WW, Wang Y, Gong YY, Jiang LQ, Lin L. Estrogen regulates the expression of small-conductance Ca-activated K+ channels in colonic smooth muscle cells. Digestion 2015; 91:187-96. [PMID: 25790748 DOI: 10.1159/000371544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to determine the effects of small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels in colonic relaxation and the regulation of SK channels by estrogen. METHODS The contractile activity of muscle strips from male rats was estimated, and drugs including vehicle (DMSO), 17β-estradiol (E2), or apamin (SK blocker) were added, respectively. In a further experiment, muscle strips were preincubated with apamin before exposure to E2. The levels of the SK2 and SK3 protein expression in the colonic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were detected. SMCs were treated with ICI 182780 (estrogen receptor [ER] antagonist) plus E2, BSA-E2, PPT (ERα agonist), or DPN (ERβ agonist). SK3 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected. RESULTS The muscle strips responded to E2 with a decrease and to apamin with a transient increase in tension. Preincubation with apamin partially prevented E2-induced relaxation. Two SK channel subtypes, SK2 and SK3, were coexpressed with α-actin in colonic SMCs. The quantitative ratio of the SK transcriptional expression in colonic SMCs was SK3 > SK2. The SK3 expression was upregulated by E2, and was downregulated by ICI 182780, but was not influenced by BSA-E2. Furthermore, the effect of PPT on the expression of SK3 was almost the same as that of E2, while DPN did not influence the protein expression of SK3. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that SK3 is involved in the E2-induced relaxing effect on rat colonic smooth muscle. Furthermore, E2 upregulates the expression of SK3 in rat SMCs, and that this effect is mediated via the ERα receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rong Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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21
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Rakha GMH, Abdl-Haleem MM, Farghali HAM, Abdel-Saeed H. Prevalence of common canine digestive problems compared with other health problems in teaching veterinary hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. Vet World 2015; 8:403-11. [PMID: 27047105 PMCID: PMC4774851 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.403-411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of common digestive problems compared to other health problems among dogs that were admitted to the teaching veterinary hospital, faculty of veterinary medicine, Cairo University, Egypt during 1 year period from January to December 2013. Also, study the effect of age, sex, breeds, and season on the distribution of digestive problems in dogs. Materials and Methods: A total of 3864 dogs included 1488 apparently healthy (included 816 males and 672 females) and 2376 diseased dogs (included 1542 males and 834 females) were registered for age, sex, breed, and the main complaint from their owners. A complete history and detailed clinical examination of each case were applied to the aids of radiographic, ultrasonographic, and endoscopic examination tools. Fecal examination was applied for each admitted case. Rapid tests for parvovirus and canine distemper virus detection were also performed. Results: A five digestive problems were commonly recorded including vomiting, diarrhea, concurrent vomiting with diarrhea, anorexia, and constipation with a prevalence (%) of 13.6, 19.1, 10.1, 13.1, and 0.5 respectively while that of dermatological, respiratory, urinary, neurological, cardiovascular, auditory, and ocular problems was 27.9, 10.5, 3.3, 0.84, 0.4, 0.25, and 0.17 (%) respectively. This prevalence was obtained on the basis of the diseased cases. Age and breed had a significant effect on the distribution of digestive problems in dogs (p<0.001). Gender had an effect on the distribution of digestive problems with significant (p≤0.01) while season had a non-significant effect (p>0.05) on the distribution of such problems. Conclusion: Digestive problems were the highest recorded problems among dogs, and this was the first records for such problems among dogs in Egypt. Age, gender, and breeds had a significant effect on the distribution of the digestive problems in dogs while season had a non-significant effect on the distribution of such problems. The present data enable veterinarians in Egypt to ascertain their needs for diagnostic tools and medication that must be present at any pet clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal M H Rakha
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mounir M Abdl-Haleem
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Haithem A M Farghali
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hitham Abdel-Saeed
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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22
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Correlation between the severity of coronary artery lesions and levels of estrogen, hs-CRP and MMP-9. Exp Ther Med 2014; 7:1177-1180. [PMID: 24940407 PMCID: PMC3991495 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the severity of coronary artery lesions in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and levels of estrogen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). A total of 65 patients with ACS, 33 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 36 healthy controls were randomly enrolled. Patients with ACS were subdivided into two groups: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI; n=30) and unstable angina pectoris (UAP; n=35). Serum levels of estrogen, hs-CRP and MMP-9 were detected in the four groups of subjects. Serum estrogen levels in patients with AMI, UAP and SAP were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Estrogen levels were also significantly different among the AMI, UAP and SAP groups (P<0.05), with a progressive increase across the three respective groups. Compared with healthy subjects, patients with AMI had the highest levels of hs-CRP and MMP-9, followed in descending order by those with UAP and SAP (P<0.05). Levels of hs-CRP and MMP-9 were also significantly different among the AMI, UAP and SAP groups (P<0.05). Serum estrogen levels were negatively correlated with hs-CRP and MMP-9 levels (r=−0.6634 and −0.6878, respectively; both P<0.05). hs-CRP and MMP-9 levels correlated positively (r=0.7208, P<0.05). The number of stenosed coronary vessels was negatively correlated with estrogen levels (r=−0.6467, P<0.05), and positively correlated with hs-CRP and MMP-9 levels (r=0.6519 and 0.6835, respectively; both P<0.05). In conclusion, serum estrogen, hs-CRP and MMP-9 levels were significantly correlated with the severity of coronary artery lesions. There was also a significant correlation between serum estrogen, hs-CRP and MMP-9 levels. These data indicate that serum estrogen, hs-CRP and MMP-9 have the potential to be used as biomarkers for evaluating the severity of coronary artery lesions and the stability of coronary artery plaques.
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