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Amar Y, Rogner D, Silva RL, Foesel BU, Ud-Dean M, Lagkouvardos I, Steimle-Grauer SA, Niedermeier S, Kublik S, Jargosch M, Heinig M, Thomas J, Eyerich S, Wikström JD, Schloter M, Eyerich K, Biedermann T, Köberle M. Darier's disease exhibits a unique cutaneous microbial dysbiosis associated with inflammation and body malodour. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:162. [PMID: 37496039 PMCID: PMC10369845 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Darier's disease (DD) is a genodermatosis caused by mutations of the ATP2A2 gene leading to disrupted keratinocyte adhesion. Recurrent episodes of skin inflammation and infections with a typical malodour in DD indicate a role for microbial dysbiosis. Here, for the first time, we investigated the DD skin microbiome using a metabarcoding approach of 115 skin swabs from 14 patients and 14 healthy volunteers. Furthermore, we analyzed its changes in the context of DD malodour and the cutaneous DD transcriptome. RESULTS We identified a disease-specific cutaneous microbiome with a loss of microbial diversity and of potentially beneficial commensals. Expansion of inflammation-associated microbes such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus warneri strongly correlated with disease severity. DD dysbiosis was further characterized by abundant species belonging to Corynebacteria, Staphylococci and Streptococci groups displaying strong associations with malodour intensity. Transcriptome analyses showed marked upregulation of epidermal repair, inflammatory and immune defence pathways reflecting epithelial and immune response mechanisms to DD dysbiotic microbiome. In contrast, barrier genes including claudin-4 and cadherin-4 were downregulated. CONCLUSIONS These findings allow a better understanding of Darier exacerbations, highlighting the role of cutaneous dysbiosis in DD inflammation and associated malodour. Our data also suggest potential biomarkers and targets of intervention for DD. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacine Amar
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Danielle Rogner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Rafaela L Silva
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Bärbel U Foesel
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum Für Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Minhaz Ud-Dean
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Ilias Lagkouvardos
- Core Facility Microbiome, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Susanne A Steimle-Grauer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Niedermeier
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Kublik
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum Für Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Manja Jargosch
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Heinig
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Jenny Thomas
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jakob D Wikström
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum Für Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.
| | - Martin Köberle
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
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Review-Current Concepts in Inflammatory Skin Diseases Evolved by Transcriptome Analysis: In-Depth Analysis of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030699. [PMID: 31973112 PMCID: PMC7037913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, high-throughput assessment of gene expression in patient tissues using microarray technology or RNA-Seq took center stage in clinical research. Insights into the diversity and frequency of transcripts in healthy and diseased conditions provide valuable information on the cellular status in the respective tissues. Growing with the technique, the bioinformatic analysis toolkit reveals biologically relevant pathways which assist in understanding basic pathophysiological mechanisms. Conventional classification systems of inflammatory skin diseases rely on descriptive assessments by pathologists. In contrast to this, molecular profiling may uncover previously unknown disease classifying features. Thereby, treatments and prognostics of patients may be improved. Furthermore, disease models in basic research in comparison to the human disease can be directly validated. The aim of this article is not only to provide the reader with information on the opportunities of these techniques, but to outline potential pitfalls and technical limitations as well. Major published findings are briefly discussed to provide a broad overview on the current findings in transcriptomics in inflammatory skin diseases.
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