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Asghar L, Sahar A, Khan MI, Shahid M. Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan and Gelatin-Based Antimicrobial Films Incorporated with Different Essential Oils. Foods 2024; 13:1796. [PMID: 38928738 PMCID: PMC11202491 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to check the effect of different essential oils on chitosan and gelatin-based antimicrobial films. Films prepared from biopolymers contain better mechanical strength but lack in moisture barrier properties. In order to increase the moisture barrier properties of chitosan and gelatin-based films in the current research work, different essential oils, i.e., thyme, cinnamon, basil, ginger, and cumin, at varying concentrations (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%) were incorporated. Moreover, the concentrations of glycerol (plasticizer) and emulsifier (Tween 20) were kept constant to maintain homogeneity in the research. Antimicrobial films composed of gelatin and chitosan infused with essential oils were evaluated for their physicochemical (emulsion stability, particle size, and viscosity), FT-IR, microstructural (scanning electron microscopy), moisture barrier (water vapor permeability), and antimicrobial properties (E. coli, Salmonella, and S. aureus). Study outcomes elucidated significant variations (p < 0.05) as the concentration of essential oil was increased in the film solutions. An increased concentration of essential oil (2.0%) significantly enhanced the moisture barrier properties (1.12 ± 0.03 g.mm/kPa.h.m2). Nevertheless, the tensile strength decreased (38.60 ± 1.4 to 31.50 ± 1.5 MPa) from 1 to 2%. The increase in essential oil concentration in the emulsion-based films also influenced their physicochemical characteristics, such as droplet size, viscosity, and emulsion stability. At lower concentrations (1.0%), films exhibited a uniform microstructure but lacked moisture barrier properties. Antimicrobial properties against E. coli, Salmonella, and S. aureus showed an increased inhibition effect as the concentration of essential oil was increased. Of the essential oil-based films, ginger- and basil-based films showed greater inhibition effects as compared to the other essential oils. Overall, antimicrobial films containing a 1.5% concentration of ginger and basil oil showed better results as compared to the other treatments for mechanical, moisture barrier, and antimicrobial properties, while films with a 2.0% oil concentration showed better antimicrobial and moisture barrier properties but lacked in mechanical properties. Essential oil-based antimicrobial films have prospective applications in foods, specifically in fresh and processed food items such as seafood, meat, chicken, and sausages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiba Asghar
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sahar
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Hleba L, Hlebová M, Charousová I. In Vitro Evaluation of Synergistic Essential Oils Combination for Enhanced Antifungal Activity against Candida spp. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:693. [PMID: 38929677 PMCID: PMC11204509 DOI: 10.3390/life14060693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a significant number of infections have been attributed to non-albicidal Candida species (NAC), mainly due to the increasing resistance of NAC to antifungal agents. As only a few antifungal agents are available (azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, allylamines and nucleoside analogues), it is very important to look for possible alternatives to inhibit resistant fungi. One possibility could be essential oils (EOs), which have been shown to have significant antifungal and antibacterial activity. Therefore, in this study, the efficacy of 12 EOs and their combinations was evaluated against four yeasts of the genus Candida (C. albicas, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis). GC-MS and GC-MS FID techniques were used for the chemical analysis of all EOs. VITEK-2XL was used to determine the antifungal susceptibility of the tested Candida spp. strains. The agar disc diffusion method was used for primary screening of the efficacy of the tested EOs. The broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the most potent EOs. After MIC cultivation, the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined on Petri dishes (60 mm). The synergistic effect of combined EOs was evaluated using the checkerboard method and expressed as a fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The results showed that ginger > ho-sho > absinth > dill > fennel > star anise > and cardamom were the most effective EOs. For all Candida species tested, the synergy was mainly observed in these combinations: ginger/fennel for C. albicans FICI 0.25 and C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis FICI 0.5 and absinth/fennel for C. albicans FICI 0.3125, C. tropicalis FICI 0.3125 and C. parapsilosis FICI 0.375. Our results suggest that the resistance of fungal pathogens to available antifungals could be reduced by combining appropriate EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Hleba
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Hlebová
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Charousová
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Unilabs Slovensko, s.r.o., J. Bellu 66, SK-03495 Likavka, Slovakia
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He J, Hadidi M, Yang S, Khan MR, Zhang W, Cong X. Natural food preservation with ginger essential oil: Biological properties and delivery systems. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113221. [PMID: 37803539 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the increasing demand from consumers for preservative-free or naturally preserved foods has forced the food industry to turn to natural herbal and plant-derived preservatives rather than synthetic preservatives to produce safe foods. Essential oils derived from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) are widely known for their putative health-promoting bioactivities, and this paper covers their extraction methods, chemical composition, and antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Especially, the paper reviews their potential applications in food preservation, including nanoemulsions, emulsions, solid particle encapsulation, and biodegradable food packaging films/coatings. The conclusion drawn is that ginger essential oil can be used not only for direct food preservation but also encapsulated using various delivery forms such as nanoemulsions, Pickering emulsions, and solid particle encapsulation to improve its release control ability. The film of encapsulated ginger essential oil has been proven to be superior to traditional methods in preserving foods such as bread, meat, fish, and fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinman He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Milad Hadidi
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Siyuan Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Mohammad Rizwan Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wanli Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Xinli Cong
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
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Secondary Metabolites of Endophytes Associated with the Zingiberaceae Family and Their Pharmacological Activities. Sci Pharm 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm91010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingiberaceae is commonly known as the ginger family and has been extensively studied in the last decades for its pharmacological purposes. The study of ginger includes microorganisms known as endophytes, which raise interest for the research community because they can produce a wide range of secondary metabolites. This review discusses the secondary metabolites of endophytes from the Zingiberaceae family and their pharmacological activities. We detail the group of secondary metabolites, updated for its absolute structures, source and part origins, and, especially, pharmacological divided properties. Zingiberaceae endophytes have 106 volatile compounds and 52 isolated constituents, including 17 polyketides, five nonribosomal peptides, five aromatic compounds, three alkaloids, and 21 terpene-alkaloids. They have antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Secondary metabolites from plant endophytes of the Zingiberaceae family have the potential to be therapeutic drugs in the future. Research on endophytic bacteria or fungi has been little performed. Therefore, this study supports a new drug discovery from Zingiberaceae endophytes and compares them for future drug development.
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Galgano M, Capozza P, Pellegrini F, Cordisco M, Sposato A, Sblano S, Camero M, Lanave G, Fracchiolla G, Corrente M, Cirone F, Trotta A, Tempesta M, Buonavoglia D, Pratelli A. Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils Evaluated In Vitro against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070979. [PMID: 35884233 PMCID: PMC9311876 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has caused a reduction in antibiotic effectiveness and an increase in mortality rates. Essential oils (EOs), known for their therapeutic efficacy, can be configured as novel broad-spectrum biocides. Accordingly, the bacteriostatic–bactericidal activity of Citrus Lemon (LEO), Pinus Sylvestris (PEO), Foeniculum Vulgaris (FEO), Ocimum Basilicum (BEO), Melissa Officinalis (MEO), Thymus Vulgaris (TEO), and Zingiber Officinalis Rosc. (GEO), at concentrations ranging from 1.25 to 40% (v/v), were tested in vitro against different E. coli and S. aureus strains using minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). The chemical compositions of the EOs were analyzed using GC/MS. The major components of all seven tested oils were limonene, α-pinene, anethole, estragole, citral, thymol, and zingiberene, respectively. We found that the bacteriostatic–bactericidal activity of the EOs was related to their chemotypes and concentrations, as well as the strain of the bacteria. A dose–effect correlation was found when testing GEO against S. aureus strains, whilst FEO was found to have no activity regardless of concentration. PEO, MEO, and BEO were found to have bactericidal effect with a MIC and MBC of 1.25% (v/v) against S. aureus strains, and LEO was found to have values of 1.25% (v/v) and 5% (v/v) against ATCC and clinical isolate, respectively. Interestingly, the antimicrobial activity of TEO was not related to oil concentration and the complete inhibition of growth across all E. coli and S. aureus was observed. Although preliminary, our data demonstrate the efficacy of EOs and pave the way for further investigations on their potential synergistic use with traditional drugs in the human and veterinary fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Galgano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Paolo Capozza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Francesco Pellegrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Marco Cordisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Alessio Sposato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Sabina Sblano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Marialaura Corrente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Francesco Cirone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Adriana Trotta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Maria Tempesta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Domenico Buonavoglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Annamaria Pratelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.G.); (P.C.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (M.C.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (A.T.); (M.T.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-4679835
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Ginger Essential Oil as an Active Addition to Composite Chitosan Films: Development and Characterization. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060327. [PMID: 35735671 PMCID: PMC9222789 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent interest in food biopackaging is showing an increasing trend, especially in the development of antimicrobial coatings and films. The focus of this study is to assess the potential application of ginger (Zingiber officinale) essential oil (GEO) to polysaccharide films based on chitosan (CHf) and their utilization as an active edible packaging. The films were characterized by different instrumental techniques, and data indicated significant differences (p < 0.05) in the chemical composition of the samples. Forty-seven active compounds from ginger rhizomes were identified in the examined essential oil by gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Fourier transforms infrared spectra (FT-IR) confirmed an interaction between the hydroxyl groups of the phenolic compounds of the essential oil and the amine groups of the bioactive matrix, as shown by the peaks at wavenumbers 1639 cm−1 and 1558 cm−1. X-ray diffraction data suggested a lower crystallinity in the CHf due to the addition of GEO. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis revealed that the CHf possessed high thermal stability, especially when different concentrations of GEO were added. The bioactive CHf showed distinct activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, thus improving the antimicrobial activity to these films. The results provide a comprehensive insight into the importance of films with incorporated EOs as novel types of active food packaging. Antimicrobial food packaging is one of the most promising kinds of active packaging, and acts to reduce, inhibit, or retard any microorganism growth that could contaminate packaged food items.
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Miranda M, Sun X, Marín A, Dos Santos LC, Plotto A, Bai J, Benedito Garrido Assis O, David Ferreira M, Baldwin E. Nano- and micro-sized carnauba wax emulsions-based coatings incorporated with ginger essential oil and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose on papaya: Preservation of quality and delay of post-harvest fruit decay. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100249. [PMID: 35499002 PMCID: PMC9040031 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoemulsion with 18% carnauba wax maintained papaya quality by retarding firmness loss, color changes, and reducing respiration rates, resulting in delayed ripening. Changes in flavor was not perceived by the panel in tasting samples. Coatings protection level was dependent on the storage conditions. GEO associated with carnauba nano-emulsions, showed a positive effect in reducing natural diseases.
Carnauba wax nano and micro-sized emulsions and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose coatings, alone or combined with ginger essential oils (GEO) were applied on papayas and evaluated under several storage conditions. In a first experiment, storage parameters were: 6 days at 22 °C, and 9 days at 13 °C followed by 5 days at 22 °C. In a second experiment, storage was: 5 days at 22 °C, and 10 days at 16 °C followed by 3 days at 22 °C. Coating effects were dependent on storage conditions. While fruits were in cold storage, there were few changes; however, at 22 °C, the differences between coatings became more evident. Nanoemulsions maintained papaya quality during storage by retarding firmness loss, color changes, and reducing respiration rates, resulting in delayed ripening. GEO exhibited some positive effect on fungal disease control. Nanoemulsion-based coatings improved shelf life by reducing weight loss, color development, and slowing ripening of papaya fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Miranda
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - ARS, Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL, USA.,São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Xiuxiu Sun
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - ARS, Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL, USA.,USDA-ARS, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Anna Marín
- Jaume I University, Castelló de la Plana, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Anne Plotto
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - ARS, Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Jinhe Bai
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - ARS, Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL, USA
| | | | - Marcos David Ferreira
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Instrumentação, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Baldwin
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - ARS, Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL, USA
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Marzlan AA, Hussin ASM, Bourke P, Chaple S, Barroug S, Muhialdin BJ. Combination of Green Extraction Techniques and Essential Oils to Develop Active Packaging for Improving the Quality and Shelf Life for Chicken Meat. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2013499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Asyila Marzlan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Paula Bourke
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biological Science, Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Sonal Chaple
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Soukaina Barroug
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Belal J Muhialdin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Rehman A, Qunyi T, Sharif HR, Korma SA, Karim A, Manzoor MF, Mehmood A, Iqbal MW, Raza H, Ali A, Mehmood T. Biopolymer based nanoemulsion delivery system: An effective approach to boost the antioxidant potential of essential oil in food products. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Pengemas Kertas Aktif Dengan Penambahan Minyak Atsiri Jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc). JURNAL APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI PANGAN 2021. [DOI: 10.17728/jatp.5040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kertas aktif merupakan salah satu pengemas ramah lingkungan yang mampu memperpanjang umur simpan produk. Bahan aktif yang bisa ditambahkan kedalamnya ialah minyak atsiri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan minyak atsiri jahe terhadap sifat fisik, sensoris, antioksidan, dan antimikrobia. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan konsentrasi minyak atsiri jahe 0%, 0,1%, 0,3%, dan 0,5%. Pembuatan kertas aktif diawali dengan membuat larutan aktif yang diformulasi dengan minyak atsiri jahe. Kemudian disemprotkan pada kertas saring sehingga diperoleh kertas aktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan minyak atsiri jahe berpengaruh nyata pada laju transmisi uap air (WVTR) kertas aktif terhadap kontrol. Semakin meningkat konsentrasi minyak atsiri menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap ketebalan kertas aktif. Penambahan minyak atsiri jahe berpengaruh nyata terhadap intensitas aroma. Penambahan minyak atsiri jahe berpengaruh nyata terhadap antioksidan dan antimikroba kertas aktif. Aktivitas antioksidan dalam kertas aktif mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan penambahan konsentrasi minyak atsiri jahe. Perlakuan penambahan minyak atsiri jahe 0,5% memiliki WVTR 10,15 g/m2/jam, ketebalan 0,366 mm, intensitas aroma sedang, aktivitas antioksidan 22,62% dan menghasilkan zona hambat antimikroba 8,27 mm.
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Khan BA, Ullah S, Khan MK, Uzair B, Menaa F, Braga VA. Fabrication, Physical Characterizations, and In Vitro, In Vivo Evaluation of Ginger Extract-Loaded Gelatin/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogel Films Against Burn Wound Healing in Animal Model. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:323. [PMID: 33200249 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Crude ginger has been used to treat wounds since ancient times till nowadays. The present study aimed at designing and characterizing topical hydrogel films loaded with ginger extract for wound healing in animal model. The hydrogel films were prepared using PVA and gelatin. The prepared films were evaluated for FTIR analysis, surface morphology, pH, swelling behavior, in vitro release, and % drug content. The wound-healing activity of the extract-loaded hydrogel films was compared with commercially available Silver Sulfadiazine® cream. The drug was compatible with the selected polymers and indicated the suitability of the selected polymers for preparation of topical hydrogel films. The SEM images clearly indicated porous structure of the prepared hydrogel films. Slight changes were observed in pH, ranging from 4.98 ± 0.079 in the beginning of the study to 4.9 ± 0.58 in the end. The swelling percentage after 8 h was 257.7%. The films released 78.7 ± 1.7% of the drug in 250 min. The percent drug content was 97.78 ± 5% which did not change significantly during the storage period. The hydrogel films showed similar wound-healing activity as compared to the commercial product (p > 0.05; ANOVA), while greater wound-healing activity as compared to the control group (p < 0.05; ANOVA) evidenced by intensive collagen formation in histopathological analysis.
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12
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Abdullahi A, Khairulmazmi A, Yasmeen S, Ismail I, Norhayu A, Sulaiman M, Ahmed O, Ismail M. Phytochemical profiling and antimicrobial activity of ginger (Zingiber officinale) essential oils against important phytopathogens. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Baldin VP, Bertin de Lima Scodro R, Mariano Fernandez CM, Ieque AL, Caleffi-Ferracioli KR, Dias Siqueira VL, de Almeida AL, Gonçalves JE, Garcia Cortez DA, Cardoso RF. Ginger essential oil and fractions against Mycobacterium spp. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 244:112095. [PMID: 31325601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zingiber officinale (ginger) is a perennial herbaceous plant native in tropical Asia and generally cultivated in most American tropical countries with widespread use in popular medicine. Ginger essential oil (GEO) has been reported to exhibit several biological activities, such as antimicrobial. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to determine the composition and the property of GEO and related fractions against Mtb and NTM, as well as their cytotoxicity. METHODS AND MATERIALS GEO was obtained by hydrodistillation and fractionation was performed. Chemical characterization of GEO and fractions were carried out by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The antimycobacterial activity was evaluated by resazurin microtiter assay plate and broth microdilution method for Mtb and NTM, respectively. The cytotoxicity in Vero cells was assessed by MTT colorimetric assay. RESULTS The analyses showed 63 compounds in the GEO sample, characterized by a high number of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. GEO fractionation rendered 11 fractions (FR1 to FR11). GEO and fractions minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 31.25 to >250 μg/mL against Mtb and from 15.6 to >250 μg/mL against NTM. GEO showed better activity against NTM, M. chelonae, and M. abscessus sub. massiliense, than the semi-pure fractions. One fraction (FR5), containing γ-eudesmol as the main compound, was the most active against Mtb and NTM. The GEO and semi-pure fractions cytotoxicity assay showed CC50 63.3 μg/mL, and 36.3-312.5 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In general, GEO showed a mix of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes and a better antimycobacterial activity than the semi-pure fractions. Cytotoxic effects of GEO and its fractions should be better investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Pietrowski Baldin
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
| | - Regiane Bertin de Lima Scodro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Andressa Lorena Ieque
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Katiany Rizzieri Caleffi-Ferracioli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Dias Siqueira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Aryadne Larissa de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Gonçalves
- Instituto Cesumar de Ciências, Tecnologia e Inovação - ICETI, Av. Guedner, 1610, 87050-390, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Diógenes Aparício Garcia Cortez
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Rosilene Fressatti Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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Shelf Life Assessment of Fresh Poultry Meat Packaged in Novel Bionanocomposite of Chitosan/Montmorillonite Incorporated with Ginger Essential Oil. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8050177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Active packaging incorporated with natural extracts is a promising technology to extend shelf life of perishable food. Therefore, this study aimed to produce a bionanocomposite based on chitosan reinforced with sodium montmorillonite (MMT) and incorporated with ginger essential oil (GEO). In vitro activity was assessed through migration assay and antimicrobial study against foodborne bacteria. Phenolic compounds were diffused within 48 h of contact, and retained some of their antioxidant activity. Films demonstrated antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria tested. The effect on the shelf life of fresh poultry meat was determined on samples wrapped in the biopolymers and stored under refrigeration for 15 days, through physicochemical and microbiological analyses. Compared to unwrapped poultry meat, samples wrapped in the bionanocomposites showed a reduction in microorganisms count of 1.2–2.6 log CFU/g, maintained color and pH values and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) index increased at a lower rate, extending fresh poultry meat shelf life. The incorporation of GEO enhanced the biopolymer activity, by reducing lipid oxidation and microbiological growth of the poultry meat. In contrast, reinforcement with MMT imprisoned the active compounds in the polymeric chain, hindering its activity. In conclusion, the bionanocomposites tested represent promising substitutes to commercial and unsustainable plastic films.
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