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Olaniyi TD. Antiplasmodial evaluation of aqueous extract of Blighia sapida K.D. Koenig leaves in Plasmodium berghei (NK65)-infected mice. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The study was designed to screen aqueous extract of Bilghia sapida leaves for its phytochemical constituents, in vivo antiplasmodial activity and biochemical changes in Plasmodium berghei (NK65)-infected female mice. Phytochemical screening was done using standard methods. In the acute toxicity test, three groups of mice received 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/Kg/day of the extract respectively, and were observed for signs of toxicity, especially mortality for 24 h. Forty-eight mice were assigned into six groups of eight animals each. The uninfected group A (control) was administered distilled water, while groups B, C, D, E and F were inoculated intraperitoneally with about 107 parasitized erythrocytes and received distilled water, chloroquine (5 mg/Kg/day), 125, 250 and 500 mg/Kg/day of extract, respectively. The antiplasmodial activity was evaluated using Peter’s 4 days suppressive test. Haematological indices, selected biochemical parameters and liver histology were evaluated.
Results
Screening revealed the presence of six phytochemicals in the aqueous extract of B. sapida leaves. Median lethal dose of the extract is > 5,000 mg/Kg/day. The aqueous extract of the leaves significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the level of parasitaemia dose-dependently with chemosuppression of 74.09% at 500 mg/Kg/day. The extract significantly (P < 0.05) prevented P. berghei infection-associated reduction in red blood cell indices. The significant (P < 0.05) P. berghei-induced alterations in liver function indices were improved in extract-treated mice. There were no visible lesions in the livers of animals that received 125 mg/Kg/day of extract.
Conclusion
The aqueous extract of B. sapida leaves has in vivo antiplasmodial activity and justifies its folkloric use in malarial treatment.
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Maroyi A. A Review of Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Markhamia tomentosa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.04.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Oviposition Deterrent Efficacy and Characteristics of a Botanical Natural Product, Ocimum gratissimum (L.) Oil-Alginate Beads, against Aedes aegypti (L.). ScientificWorldJournal 2018; 2018:3127214. [PMID: 30154681 PMCID: PMC6093078 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3127214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the oviposition deterrent activity of Ocimum gratissimum (L.) essential oil (O. gratissimum oil) and its product, Ocimum gratissimum (L.)- alginate beads (beads), against Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) mosquitoes. Chemical analysis of O. gratissimum oil obtained by hydrodistillation, using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy techniques, presented eugenol (67.38%) and Z-β-ocimene (14.95 %) as major constituents. Good characteristics of beads were obtained by the orifice-ionic gelation method with calcium chloride as hardening agent and Tween®20 as emulsifier. The beads exhibited a good spherical shape and good hardness and flexibility with an average size of 1.49 ± 1.36 mm. The oil content, the yield percentage, and the entrapping efficiency were also examined. The beads (formulation code, F2) could prolong the essential oil release until the 10th d. This beads provided a remarkably longer oviposition deterrence activity against gravid Ae. aegypti with high percentage for 27 d, whereas free O. gratissimum oil showed a short period of time (8 d) in this activity. The stability study showed the stability of oil content and its compositions in storage condition. These results are very affordable approaches to control the dengue fever.
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Ibrahim MB, Sowemimo AA, Sofidiya MO, Badmos KB, Fageyinbo MS, Abdulkareem FB, Odukoya OA. Sub-acute and chronic toxicity profiles of Markhamia tomentosa ethanolic leaf extract in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:68-75. [PMID: 27426507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum Ex Engl. (Bignoniaceae) is used in traditional African medicine for the treatment of diarrhoea, oedema, pain and malaria. The leaf extract was reported to show no visible sign of toxicity on acute exposure. This present study investigates the sub-acute and chronic toxicity effects of Markhamia tomentosa in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals (n=6/group) were treated daily with the extract at doses of 40, 200 and 1000mg/kg orally for 28 and 90 days. Control rats received distilled water and all animals were weighed at 7 days interval. The haematological, biochemical and histological parameters were determined. RESULTS The extract showed non-significant changes in body weight gain of treated compared to control rats in both studies. Extract significantly decreased red blood cell (RBC), mean cell haemoglobin concentration and increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) parameters after the 28 day study. In the 90 day study, a significant increase in white blood cell, RBC, platelets and decrease in MCV and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) parameters were observed. Biochemical parameters were significantly changed in both studies; triglycerides, total protein, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and albumin showed significant increase while creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid levels showed significant decrease. Significant increase in liver weight with no treatment-related histological changes was observed in all harvested vital organs. CONCLUSION Markhamia tomentosa extract elicited non-toxic effect in the liver and kidney function parameters in rats. Thus, the extract is safe when administered orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutiat B Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, College of Medicine Campus, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abimbola A Sowemimo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, College of Medicine Campus, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Margaret O Sofidiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, College of Medicine Campus, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Kabir B Badmos
- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, College of Medicine Campus, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Muyiwa S Fageyinbo
- Departrment of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, College of Medicine Campus, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fatimah B Abdulkareem
- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lagos, College of Medicine Campus, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olukemi A Odukoya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, College of Medicine Campus, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Bankole AE, Adekunle AA, Sowemimo AA, Umebese CE, Abiodun O, Gbotosho GO. Phytochemical screening and in vivo antimalarial activity of extracts from three medicinal plants used in malaria treatment in Nigeria. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:299-305. [PMID: 26391173 PMCID: PMC4700078 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4747-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of plant to meet health-care needs has greatly increased worldwide in the recent times. The search for new plant-derived bioactive agents that can be explored for the treatment of drug-resistant malaria infection is urgently needed. Thus, we evaluated the antimalarial activity of three medicinal plants used in Nigerian folklore for the treatment of malaria infection. A modified Peter's 4-day suppressive test was used to evaluate the antimalarial activity of the plant extracts in a mouse model of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain. Animals were treated with 250, 500, or 800 mg/kg of aqueous extract. It was observed that of all the three plants studied, Markhamia tomentosa showed the highest chemosuppression of parasites of 73 % followed by Polyalthia longifolia (53 %) at day 4. All the doses tested were well tolerated. Percentage suppression of parasite growth on day 4 post-infection ranged from 1 to 73 % in mice infected with P. berghei and treated with extracts when compared with chloroquine diphosphate, the standard reference drug which had a chemosuppression of 90 %. The percentage survival of mice that received extract ranged from 0 to 60 % (increased as the dose increases to 800 mg/kg). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds in all the three plants tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Bankole
- Bankole A. E., Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, P. M. B. 1029 Unilag Post office Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - A A Adekunle
- Bankole A. E., Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, P. M. B. 1029 Unilag Post office Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A A Sowemimo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - C E Umebese
- Bankole A. E., Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, P. M. B. 1029 Unilag Post office Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O Abiodun
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - G O Gbotosho
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Sofidiya MO, Agunbiade FO, Koorbanally NA, Sowemimo A, Soesan D, Familusi T. Antiulcer activity of the ethanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves of Markhamia tomentosa in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 157:1-6. [PMID: 25240588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves of Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum. Ex Engl. (Bignoniaceae) are used traditionally in the treatment of skin afflictions, sores, ulcers and inflammation. The aim of the study was to investigate the antiulcer activity of the crude ethanolic extract from the leaves of Markhamia tomentosa, determine the active fraction(s) of the extract and identify the chemical constituents in the active fraction by LC-MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antiulcer activity of the crude extract (50, 100 and 150mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated in ethanol and indomethacin-induced models while the solvent fractions (150mg/kg) were screened using ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. Furthermore, anti-ulcer activity of the active fraction (50, 100 and 150mg/kg, p.o.) was performed using indomethacin and pylorus ligation models. Parameters such as gastric volume, pH and acidity were determined in the pylorus ligation model. LC-ESI-MS analysis was used to identify the components in the active fraction. RESULTS The extract at the dose of 50, 100 and 150mg/kg caused a significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of ulcer in the ethanol and indomethacin-induced ulcer models, respectively. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed the most potent antiulcer activity from all the fractions tested. This fraction produced 72% and 92% inhibition of indomethacin and pylorus-induced ulcer at a dose of 150mg/kg respectively. Acteoside, luteolin, luteolin-7-rutinoside, Luteolin-3',7-di-O-glucoside, carnosol, dilapachone, tormentic acid, oxo-pomolic acid and ajugol were detected in the EtOAc fraction. CONCLUSION Our data provide a rational base for the folkloric use of Markhamia tormentosa in the treatment of ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret O Sofidiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Foluso O Agunbiade
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Neil A Koorbanally
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Abimbola Sowemimo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Dapo Soesan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Titi Familusi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
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Adebajo AC, Famuyiwa FG, Aliyu FA. Properties for sourcing Nigerian larvicidal plants. Molecules 2014; 19:8363-72. [PMID: 24950440 PMCID: PMC6271722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19068363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of chikungunya, yellow and dengue fevers. Dengue fever is the major cause of child morbidity and hospitalisation in some Asian and African countries, while yellow fever is prevalent in Nigeria. The development of resistance to the available insecticides has necessitated the continued search for safer ones from plants. Eighteen plant extracts with ethnomedical claims of or demonstrated febrifuge, antimalarial, insecticidal and insect repellent biological activities were tested for activity against the fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. About 61% of the eighteen extracts demonstrated high to moderate larvicidal activity. Extracts of Piper nigrum and Abrus precatorius seeds were the most active and the larvicidal constituent(s) of the latter should be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleke Clement Adebajo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Funmilayo Gladys Famuyiwa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Fatima Abosede Aliyu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Osun State, Nigeria.
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