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Dias RFG, Bento LO, Tavares C, Ranes Filho H, Silva MACD, Moraes LC, Freitas-Vilela AA, Moreli ML, Cardoso LPV. Epidemiological and clinical profile of HIV-infected patients from Southwestern Goias State, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2018; 60:e34. [PMID: 30043938 PMCID: PMC6056885 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201860034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about epidemiological distribution patterns of HIV infection in different geographic regions is relevant to understand the dynamics of the disease in Brazil. This study aims to characterize the epidemiological and clinical profile of HIV-infected patients from Southwestern Goias State, from 2005 to 2015. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect clinical-epidemiological, virological, and immunological data from the medical records of all HIV-infected patients (n=539) who were followed at the regional reference center of Jatai, Goias State, Brazil, from 2005 to 2015. We detected the prevalence of male patients and the heterosexual route of transmission, as well as an expressive number of young women infected with HIV. The HIV infection was more prevalent in reproductive ages (55.3%). Most patients presented clinical manifestations related to HIV infection at the time of diagnosis. Twenty-four patients presented coinfection with hepatitis C virus, syphilis, hepatitis B virus, leprosy or Chagas disease. Pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii was the most common opportunistic infection, followed by neurotoxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, and neurocryptococcosis. Combined antiretroviral therapy improved CD4+ T-cell counts: the mean CD4+ T-cell counts after treatment was twice as high as those found at the first medical appointment; and highly active antiretroviral therapy promoted viral suppression in a significant number of patients. Considering the increasing distribution of HIV infection to the interior of Brazil, this descriptive study outlines the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of HIV infection in Southwestern Goias and contributes to develop local prevention strategies and public service plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regyane Ferreira Guimarães Dias
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.,Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Serviço de Assistência Especializada, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Oliveira Bento
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.,Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Serviço de Assistência Especializada, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Camila Tavares
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Hélio Ranes Filho
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.,Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Serviço de Assistência Especializada, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Goiás, Curso de Medicina, Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Ciências da Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Amélia Freitas-Vilela
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Curso de Medicina, Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Ciências da Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcos Lázaro Moreli
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ludimila Paula Vaz Cardoso
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Goiás, Curso de Medicina, Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Ciências da Saúde, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia da Relação Parasito-Hospedeiro, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Dos Santos Ferreira R, de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães R, Jardim Cury Pontes ER, Aragão do Nascimento V, Aiko Hiane P. The Effectiveness of a Bioactive Food Compound in the Lipid Control of Individuals with HIV/AIDS. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8100598. [PMID: 27740592 PMCID: PMC5083986 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular events due to decompensated lipid metabolism are commonly found in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients using anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the effect of a bioactive food compound (BFC) containing functional foods on individuals with HIV undergoing HAART. Particularly, this study aims to verify the clinical outcome in the change of the lipid profile due to the use of this compound. This study includes 115 individuals with HIV on HAART. All patients received dietary guidelines; however, sixty-one consumed BFC while fifty-one did not (NO BFC). Biochemical examinations and socio-demographic and clinical profiles were evaluated. As result, in patients using hypolipidemic and/or hypoglycemic drugs, there was 28.6% decrease in triglyceride levels (p < 0.001) in the NO BFC group, and 18.3% reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.001) in the BFC group. In patients who did not use hypolipidemic and/or hypoglycemic drugs in the NO BFC group, there was 30.6% increase in triglycerides, 11.3% total cholesterol and 15.3% LDL-C levels (p < 0.001) while for the BFC group there was 4.5% reduction in total cholesterol (p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study evidenced that the dietary intervention containing BFC positively affected in lipid control, since these HIV/AIDS patients using HAART are more vulnerable to lipid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosângela Dos Santos Ferreira
- Nutrition Service, University Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Elenir Rose Jardim Cury Pontes
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil.
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Galisteu KJ, Cardoso LV, Furini AADC, Schiesari Júnior A, Cesarino CB, Franco C, Baptista ARDS, Machado RLD. Opportunistic infections among individuals with HIV-1/AIDS in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era at a Quaternary Level Care Teaching Hospital. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2016; 48:149-56. [PMID: 25992928 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0299-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, clinical-laboratory and epidemiological characteristics are described for a group of 700 individuals with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) in the ART (antiretroviral therapy) era at a teaching hospital that provides a quaternary level of care, with an emphasis on opportunistic infections (OIs), co-infections and immune profile. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study of AIDS cases was conducted from 1998 to 2008 by reviewing medical records from the Base Hospital/FUNFARME (Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS The individuals were 14 to 75 years of age, and 458 were males. Heterosexuals accounted for 31.1% of all patients. Eighty-three percent were on ART, and 33.8% of those presented difficulties with treatment adherence. OIs were analyzed from medical records, and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia was the most prevalent, regardless of the LTCD4+ (TCD4+ Lymphocytes) levels. Individuals whose viral loads were ≥10,000 showed a 90% greater chance of neurotoxoplasmosis. For P. jiroveci pneumonia, neurotoxoplasmosis, esophageal candidiasis, pulmonary tuberculosis and neurocryptococcosis, the chances of infection were higher among patients with LTCD4+ levels below 200 cells/mm3. HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infections were significantly associated with death. CONCLUSIONS OIs remain frequent in the ART era even in populations where the access to medical care is considered satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Jaira Galisteu
- Centro de Investigação de Microrganismos, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Ventura Cardoso
- Centro de Investigação de Microrganismos, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Antônia da Cruz Furini
- Centro de Investigação de Microrganismos, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Bernardi Cesarino
- Centro de Investigação de Microrganismos, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célia Franco
- Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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