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Orlando L, Savel KA, Madigan S, Colasanto M, Korczak DJ. Dietary patterns and internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2022; 56:617-641. [PMID: 34313455 PMCID: PMC9131419 DOI: 10.1177/00048674211031486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Studies of child and adolescent internalizing symptoms and dietary pattern have produced mixed results. OBJECTIVES To quantify the association between dietary patterns and internalizing symptoms, including depression, in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCES Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Cochrane up to March 2021. STUDY SELECTION Observational studies and randomized controlled trials with mean age ⩽ 18 years, reporting associations between diet patterns and internalizing symptoms. DATA EXTRACTION Mean effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were determined under a random-effects model. RESULTS Twenty-six studies were cross-sectional, 12 were prospective, and 1 used a case-control design. The total number of participants enrolled ranged from 73,726 to 116,546. Healthy dietary patterns were negatively associated with internalizing (r = -0.07, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [-0.12, 0.06]) and depressive symptoms (r = -0.10, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [-0.18, -0.08]). Effect sizes were larger for studies of healthy dietary patterns and internalizing and depressive symptoms using self-report versus parent-report measures, as well as in cross-sectional studies of healthy dietary patterns and depression compared to prospective studies. Unhealthy dietary patterns were positively associated with internalizing (r = 0.09, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [0.06, 0.14]) and depressive symptoms (r = 0.10, p < 0.01, 95% CI [0.05, 0.17]). Larger effect sizes were observed for studies of unhealthy dietary patterns and internalizing and depressive symptoms using self-report versus parent-report measures. LIMITATIONS A lack of studies including clinical samples and/or physician diagnosis, and a paucity of studies in which anxiety symptoms were the primary mental health outcome. CONCLUSION Greater depression and internalizing symptoms are associated with greater unhealthy dietary patterns and with lower healthy dietary intake among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Orlando
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katarina A Savel
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marlena Colasanto
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daphne J Korczak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada,Daphne J Korczak, Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, 1145 Burton Wing, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
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The timing and duration of depressive symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood and young adults' NEET status: the role of educational attainment. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:83-93. [PMID: 34389885 PMCID: PMC8761151 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depressive symptoms are negatively associated with labour market outcomes but whether the timing and duration of depressive symptoms or educational attainment (EA) affect NEET (Neither in Employment, Education, nor Training) is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of timing and duration of depressive symptoms in adolescence and the moderating and mediating role of EA on NEET in young adulthood. METHODS Data were used from 1512 participants in the Vestliv Study, a Danish prospective cohort study. Depressive symptoms were measured at age 14, 18 and 21. EA at age 21 and NEET at age 23 were derived from national registers. Logistic regression analyses and a 4-way decomposition approach were applied. RESULTS Among boys, depressive symptoms at ages 14 and 21 increased the risk of NEET (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.00-2.74 and OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.37-3.53). Among girls, this regarded depressive symptoms at ages 18 and 21 (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.26-2.46 and OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.13-2.22). For the duration of depressive symptoms, among boys any depressive symptoms increased the risk of NEET. Among girls, only persistent depressive symptoms increased the risk of NEET. EA did not mediate or moderate the association between depressive symptoms and NEET. CONCLUSION The timing and duration of depressive symptoms in adolescence matter for the association with NEET in young adulthood, with a double burden for those with both depressive symptoms and low EA. The results emphasize the importance of support for those who experience depressive symptoms in the school-to-work transition.
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Mulia N, Ye Y, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Li L, Kerr WC, Greenfield TK. The Great Recession, behavioral health, and self-rated health: An examination of racial/ethnic differences in the US. Addict Behav 2021; 118:106873. [PMID: 33652334 PMCID: PMC8483811 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The Great Recession has been associated with racial/ethnic disparities in economic loss, alcohol-related problems and mental health in the US. In this study, we examine its effect on overall health, the role of heavy drinking and mental health, and whether these relationships vary by race/ethnicity. Using US National Alcohol Survey data collected from White, African American and Latino individuals between June 2009 and March 2010 (N = 4656), we conducted gender-stratified simultaneous path modeling to test racial/ethnic differences in hypothesized paths from recession-related hardships to overall self-rated health through current depressive symptoms and heavy drinking. Recession impacts were measured using an index of job-related, financial and housing hardships. Models accounted for demographic characteristics and heavy drinking, health conditions and alcohol-related health harms occurring prior to the Great Recession. We found that in men and women of each racial/ethnic group, more accumulated recession hardships were associated with greater depressive symptoms and more frequent heavy drinking, and depressive symptoms were associated with poorer self-rated health. Further, heavy drinking was related to poorer self-rated health in Black men and depressive symptoms in Latino men, and for Black and Latina women, prior heavy drinking was associated with current depressive symptoms. Findings highlight adverse, behavioral and overall health consequences of a severe recession for men and women of diverse racial/ethnic groups, as well as unique risks for Black and Latino men and women. Findings suggest the need for behavioral health interventions alongside multisector strategies to bolster the labor market and social safety net during severe economic downturns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mulia
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
| | - Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | | | - Libo Li
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - William C Kerr
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Thomas K Greenfield
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, 6001 Shellmound St., Suite 450, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
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Huang P, O'Keeffe M, Elia C, Karamanos A, Goff LM, Maynard M, Cruickshank JK, Harding S. Fruit and vegetable consumption and mental health across adolescence: evidence from a diverse urban British cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:19. [PMID: 30736801 PMCID: PMC6368762 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0780-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption (FV) and mental health in adolescence is sparse and inconsistent. Social determinants of FV include ethnicity, family environments and economic disadvantage. We investigated the relationship between FV and mental health in the British multi-ethnic Determinants of Adolescents (now young Adult) Social well-being and Health (DASH) longitudinal study. METHODS A longitudinal study of 4683 adolescents living in London at age 11-13 years and followed up at 14-16 years. FV was measured using validated questions on the number of portions consumed daily. Mental health was measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as mean Total Difficulties Score (TDS) and by classification as a 'probable clinical case' (TDS > 17). Social measures included ethnicity, parenting and socioeconomic circumstances. Multilevel modelling was used to investigate the association between FV and mental health throughout adolescence. RESULTS Low FV was common among adolescents, with approximately 60-70% of adolescents reporting < 5 portions/day and 20-30% reporting < 1 portion/day. In late adolescence, most ethnic minority groups reported lower FV than their White peers. In fully adjusted models, < 1 portion/day remained a significant correlate with mean TDS (Coef: 0.55, 0.29-0.81, P < 0.001) and TDS > 17 (Odds Ratio: 1.43, 1.11-1.85, P = 0.007). Gender- or ethnic-specific effects were not observed. Low parental care partly attenuated the association between FV and mental health. CONCLUSIONS Low FV is a longitudinal correlate of poor mental health across adolescence. A focus on FV in parenting interventions could yield interrelated benefits across developmental outcomes given its importance to both physical and socioemotional health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Huang
- Department of Nutrition Science, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.,Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Majella O'Keeffe
- Department of Nutrition Science, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Christelle Elia
- Department of Nutrition Science, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Alexis Karamanos
- Department Epidemiology and Health, ESRC International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Louise M Goff
- Department of Nutrition Science, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Maria Maynard
- School of Clinical & Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, CL 1014 Calverley Building, City Campus, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK
| | - J Kennedy Cruickshank
- Department of Nutrition Science, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Seeromanie Harding
- Department of Nutrition Science, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK. .,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Addison House, Guy's, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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