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Xu T, Shi Y, Zheng G, Zhang G. Diagnostic Potential of Two Novel Biomarkers for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Multiple Sclerosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091572. [PMID: 37174963 PMCID: PMC10178292 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, no tests can definitively diagnose and distinguish neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) from multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS Initially, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics were employed to uncover the novel biomarkers that differentiate NMOSD from MS into cohorts of 10 MS and 10 NMOSD patients. Subsequently, screening biomarkers were validated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and CSF and serum samples from 20 MS patients, 20 NMOSD patients, 20 non-inflammatory neurological controls, and 20 healthy controls. RESULTS In study cohort, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 (LAMP2) were screened. In validation cohort, serum and CSF IGFBP7 not only exhibited higher levels in MS and NMOSD patients than controls, but also had greatest area under the curve (AUC, above or equal to 0.8) in MS and NMOSD diagnoses. Serum IGFBP7 (0.945) and CSF IGFBP7 (0.890) also had the greatest AUCs for predicting MS progression, while serum LAMP2 had a moderate curve (0.720). CONCLUSIONS IGFBP7 was superior in diagnosing MS and NMOSD, and IGFBP7 and serum LAMP2 performed exceptionally well in predicting the MS progression. These results offered reasons for further investigations into the functions of IGFBP7 and LAMP2 in MS and NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of In Vitro Diagnostics, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents Clinical Research, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yijun Shi
- Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of In Vitro Diagnostics, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents Clinical Research, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Guanghui Zheng
- Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of In Vitro Diagnostics, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents Clinical Research, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Laboratory of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of In Vitro Diagnostics, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Immunological Reagents Clinical Research, Beijing 100070, China
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2
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Proteomics in Multiple Sclerosis: The Perspective of the Clinician. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095162. [PMID: 35563559 PMCID: PMC9100097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects approximately 2.8 million people worldwide. In the last decade, a new era was heralded in by a new phenotypic classification, a new diagnostic protocol and the first ever therapeutic guideline, making personalized medicine the aim of MS management. However, despite this great evolution, there are still many aspects of the disease that are unknown and need to be further researched. A hallmark of these research are molecular biomarkers that could help in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of the disease. Proteomics, a rapidly evolving discipline of molecular biology may fulfill this dire need for the discovery of molecular biomarkers. In this review, we aimed to give a comprehensive summary on the utility of proteomics in the field of MS research. We reviewed the published results of the method in case of the pathogenesis of the disease and for biomarkers of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, conversion of disease courses, disease activity, progression and immunological therapy. We found proteomics to be a highly effective emerging tool that has been providing important findings in the research of MS.
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3
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Jafari A, Babajani A, Rezaei-Tavirani M. Multiple Sclerosis Biomarker Discoveries by Proteomics and Metabolomics Approaches. Biomark Insights 2021; 16:11772719211013352. [PMID: 34017167 PMCID: PMC8114757 DOI: 10.1177/11772719211013352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) resulting in demyelination and axonal loss in the brain and spinal cord. The precise pathogenesis and etiology of this complex disease are still a mystery. Despite many studies that have been aimed to identify biomarkers, no protein marker has yet been approved for MS. There is urgently needed for biomarkers, which could clarify pathology, monitor disease progression, response to treatment, and prognosis in MS. Proteomics and metabolomics analysis are powerful tools to identify putative and novel candidate biomarkers. Different human compartments analysis using proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics approaches has generated new information for further clarification of MS pathology, elucidating the mechanisms of the disease, finding new targets, and monitoring treatment response. Overall, omics approaches can develop different therapeutic and diagnostic aspects of complex disorders such as multiple sclerosis, from biomarker discovery to personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Thoman ME, McKarns SC. Metabolomic Profiling in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Biomarker Discovery. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090374. [PMID: 32961928 PMCID: PMC7570337 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no specific test for diagnosing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a disabling autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Instead, diagnosis relies on ruling out other related disorders with overlapping clinical symptoms. An urgency for NMOSD biomarker discovery is underscored by adverse responses to treatment following misdiagnosis and poor prognosis following the delayed onset of treatment. Pathogenic autoantibiotics that target the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) contribute to NMOSD pathology. The importance of early diagnosis between AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD, MOG-Ab+ NMOSD, AQP4-Ab− MOG-Ab− NMOSD, and related disorders cannot be overemphasized. Here, we provide a comprehensive data collection and analysis of the currently known metabolomic perturbations and related proteomic outcomes of NMOSD. We highlight short chain fatty acids, lipoproteins, amino acids, and lactate as candidate diagnostic biomarkers. Although the application of metabolomic profiling to individual NMOSD patient care shows promise, more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxton E. Thoman
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
- Laboratory of TGF-β Biology, Epigenetics, and Cytokine Regulation, Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Susan C. McKarns
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
- Laboratory of TGF-β Biology, Epigenetics, and Cytokine Regulation, Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Correspondence:
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5
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Bridel C, Eijlers AJC, van Wieringen WN, Koel-Simmelink M, Leurs CE, Schoonheim MM, Killestein J, Teunissen CE. No Plasmatic Proteomic Signature at Clinical Disease Onset Associated With 11 Year Clinical, Cognitive and MRI Outcomes in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:371. [PMID: 30429773 PMCID: PMC6220078 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The clinical course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is highly heterogeneous and prognostic biomarkers at time of diagnosis are lacking. Objective: We investigated the predictive value of the plasma proteome at time of diagnosis in RRMS patients. Methods: The plasma proteome was interrogated using a novel aptamer-based proteomics platform, which allows to measure the levels of a predefined set of 1310 proteins. Results: In 67 clinically and radiologically well characterized RRMS patients, we found no association between the plasma proteome at diagnosis and clinical, cognitive or MRI outcomes after 11 years. Conclusions: Proteomics studies on cerebrospinal fluid may be better suited to identify prognostic biomarkers in early RRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bridel
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anand J C Eijlers
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wessel N van Wieringen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Department of Mathematics, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marleen Koel-Simmelink
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cyra E Leurs
- Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Menno M Schoonheim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joep Killestein
- Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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6
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Matute-Blanch C, Montalban X, Comabella M. Multiple sclerosis, and other demyelinating and autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 146:67-84. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804279-3.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Cao J, Chen C, Gao Y, Hu L, Liang Y, Xiao J. Identification of a protein associated with the activity of cytokine-induced killer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6937-6942. [PMID: 29163711 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) adoptive immunotherapy for efficient antitumor ability is used clinically, but details regarding the proteins associated with CIK activity remain unclear. In the current study, the cytotoxicity of CIKs on hepatoma was identified to be significantly downregulated by 1.61-fold following gentamincin treatment. Further research revealed that a differentially expressed protein (P43) was significantly downregulated by 1.22-fold using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. Of these, the P43 was identified as human haptoglobin using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Western blotting demonstrated that the haptoglobin specifically reacted with rabbit anti-human-haptoglobin. Furthermore, western blotting results verified that the haptoglobin was significantly downregulated by 1.17-fold compared with the control group. In addition, the expression of haptoglobin mRNA was significantly downregulated by 1.73-fold following gentamincin treatment. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that the expression of haptoglobin protein was associated with the activity of CIKs, and the results will be beneficial to the further investigation of CIK activity-enhancement mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Cao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Cong Chen
- Laboratory Department, The Second Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Gao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Li Hu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Xiao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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8
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Bamm VV, Geist AM, Harauz G. Correlation of geographic distributions of haptoglobin alleles with prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) - a narrative literature review. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:19-34. [PMID: 27807673 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We have proposed that the myelin damage observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) may be partly mediated through the long-term release and degradation of extracellular hemoglobin (Hb) and the products of its oxidative degradation [Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 71, 1789-1798, 2014]. The protein haptoglobin (Hpt) binds extracellular Hb as a first line of defense, and can serve as a vascular antioxidant. Humans have two different Hpt alleles: Hpt1 and Hpt2, giving either homozygous Hpt1-1 or Hpt2-2 phenotypes, or a heterozygous Hpt1-2 phenotype. We questioned whether those geographic regions with higher frequency of the Hpt2 allele (conversely, lower frequency of Hpt1 allele) would correlate with an increased incidence of MS, because different Hpt phenotypes will have variable anti-oxidative potentials in protecting myelin from damage inflicted by extracellular Hb and its degradation products. To test this hypothesis, we undertook a systematic analysis of the literature on reported geographic distributions of Hpt alleles to compare them with data reported in the World Health Organization Atlas of worldwide MS prevalence. We found the frequency of the Hpt1 allele to be low in European and North American countries with a high prevalence of MS, consistent with our hypothesis. However, this correlation was not observed in China and India, countries with the lowest Hpt1 frequencies, yet low reported prevalence of MS. Nevertheless, this work shows the need for continued refinement of geographic patterns of MS prevalence, including data on ethnic or racial origin, and for new clinical studies to probe the observed correlation and evaluate Hpt phenotype as a predictor of disease variability and progression, severity, and/or comorbidity with cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Bamm
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Arielle M Geist
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - George Harauz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Sengupta MB, Chakrabarti A, Saha S, Mukhopadhyay D. Clinical proteomics of enervated neurons. Clin Proteomics 2016; 13:10. [PMID: 27152104 PMCID: PMC4857373 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-016-9112-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic field of neurosciences entails ever increasing search for molecular mechanisms of disease states, especially in the domain of neurodegenerative disorders. The previous century heralded the techniques in proteomics when indexing of the human proteomes relating to various disease conditions became important. Early stage research in certain diseases or pathological conditions requires a more holistic approach of first discovering the proteins of interest for the condition. Despite its limitations, proteomics is one of the most powerful techniques available to us today to dissect the molecular scenario in a particular disease situation. In this review we will discuss about the current clinical research in neurodegenerative disorders that employ proteomics techniques. We will specifically focus on our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic spinal cord injury and neuromyelitis optica. Discussions will include ongoing worldwide research in these areas, research in India and specifically our laboratory in these domains of neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohor Biplab Sengupta
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064 India
| | - Arunabha Chakrabarti
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064 India
| | - Suparna Saha
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064 India
| | - Debashis Mukhopadhyay
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700064 India
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10
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Del Boccio P, Rossi C, di Ioia M, Cicalini I, Sacchetta P, Pieragostino D. Integration of metabolomics and proteomics in multiple sclerosis: From biomarkers discovery to personalized medicine. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:470-84. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Del Boccio
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Claudia Rossi
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Maria di Ioia
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Department of Neurosciences and Imaging; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Ilaria Cicalini
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Paolo Sacchetta
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
| | - Damiana Pieragostino
- Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti- Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Unit, Research Centre on Aging (Ce.S.I); University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
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The Urine Proteome Profile Is Different in Neuromyelitis Optica Compared to Multiple Sclerosis: A Clinical Proteome Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139659. [PMID: 26460890 PMCID: PMC4604198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS comprise a broad spectrum of diseases like neuromyelitis optica (NMO), NMO spectrum disorders (NMO-SD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite clear classification criteria, differentiation can be difficult. We hypothesized that the urine proteome may differentiate NMO from MS. Methods The proteins in urine samples from anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) seropositive NMO/NMO-SD patients (n = 32), patients with MS (n = 46) and healthy subjects (HS, n = 31) were examined by quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after trypsin digestion and iTRAQ labelling. Immunoglobulins (Ig) in the urine were validated by nephelometry in an independent cohort (n = 9–10 pr. groups). Results The analysis identified a total of 1112 different proteins of which 333 were shared by all 109 subjects. Cluster analysis revealed differences in the urine proteome of NMO/NMO-SD compared to HS and MS. Principal component analysis also suggested that the NMO/NMO-SD proteome profile was useful for classification. Multivariate regression analysis revealed a 3-protein profile for the NMO/NMO-SD versus HS discrimination, a 6-protein profile for NMO/NMO-SD versus MS discrimination and an 11-protein profile for MS versus HS discrimination. All protein panels yielded highly significant ROC curves (AUC in all cases >0.85, p≤0.0002). Nephelometry confirmed the presence of increased Ig-light chains in the urine of patients with NMO/NMO-SD. Conclusion The urine proteome profile of patients with NMO/NMO-SD is different from MS and HS. This may reflect differences in the pathogenesis of NMO/NMO-SD versus MS and suggests that urine may be a potential source of biomarkers differentiating NMO/NMO-SD from MS.
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12
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Teunissen CE, Malekzadeh A, Leurs C, Bridel C, Killestein J. Body fluid biomarkers for multiple sclerosis--the long road to clinical application. Nat Rev Neurol 2015; 11:585-96. [PMID: 26392381 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2015.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong unmet clinical need for objective body fluid biomarkers to assist early diagnosis and estimate long-term prognosis, monitor treatment response and predict potential adverse effects in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we review recent studies (focusing on 2012 to early 2015) on body fluid markers in MS from the perspective of their clinical utility. Because the first step towards clinical implementation of a newly discovered biomarker is independent replication, we focus on biomarkers that have been validated in at least two independent cohorts. We also discuss recent data challenging earlier findings, and biomarkers for which new clinical uses are suggested. For early MS diagnosis and prediction of conversion from clinically isolated syndrome to MS, several new B-cell-associated candidate blood biomarkers have emerged. For prognosis, several novel axonal damage markers should be adopted to biomarker panels. The number of disease-modifying treatments for MS has increased sharply, but biomarkers for treatment response monitoring and adverse effect prediction are scarce, and markers for subtyping and staging of MS are still lacking. In view of the availability and implementation of several standardized protocols to optimize biomarker studies, we expect biomarker development for MS to be improved and accelerated, with clinical implementation in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arjan Malekzadeh
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cyra Leurs
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Claire Bridel
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Unit of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Geneva University Hospital, Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joep Killestein
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
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