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de Oliveira J, Alevi KCC, Almeida CE, Olaia N, Cacini GL, Galvão C, Herrera HM, Santos FM, Rosa JAD. Exploring the Hidden World of Vectors of Chagas Disease: A Fascinating Look at the Taxonomic Aspects of the Psammolestes Genus (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051081. [PMID: 37240726 DOI: 10.3390/life13051081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected illness affecting approximately seven million individuals, with vector transmission occurring via triatomine bugs. The Rhodniini tribe comprises 24 species, grouped into the Rhodnius and Psammolestes genera. Given the importance of accurately identifying CD vectors, the taxonomy of Psammolestes spp. was revisited using morphological and morphometric data. Specimens of P. tertius, P. coreodes, and P. arthuri were collected, and the morphological characteristics of the head, thorax, abdomen, and eggs were analyzed. Morphometric studies of eggs were also conducted. Dichotomous keys allowing for the differentiation of Psammolestes spp. were elaborated based on adult insect and egg morphological characteristics. Through these studies, it was possible to differentiate the three Psammolestes species and confirm that this genus should not be classified under the Rhodnius genus, contributing to Rhodniini taxonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jader de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brasil 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, sala 505, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Almeida
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nicoly Olaia
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Lázari Cacini
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brasil 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, sala 505, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Heitor Miraglia Herrera
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agrícola, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-010, MS, Brazil
| | - Filipe Martins Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agrícola, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-010, MS, Brazil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
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Hernández C, Alvarado M, Salgado-Roa FC, Ballesteros N, Rueda-M N, Oliveira J, Alevi KCC, da Rosa JA, Urbano P, Salazar C, Ramírez JD. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary patterns of the genus Psammolestes Bergroth, 1911 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:30. [PMID: 35279099 PMCID: PMC8918316 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-022-01987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evolutionary history of biodiversity in South America has been poorly studied in the seasonal dry tropical forest (SDTF). Species diversification in this ecosystem may have a twofold explanation. First, intermittent connections in the middle and late Pleistocene promoted species dispersal and/or genetic connectivity between lineages isolated in disjunct patches of forest. Second, allopatric speciation proceeded immediately after the formation and colonization of the SDTF in the Neogene. Here we studied the diversification of Psammolestes, a genus endemic of the SDTF and naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi (agent of Chagas disease), using a combination of phylogenetic, population genetics and niche model methods, and evaluated the reliability of the three morphospecies currently recognized. RESULTS Our multilocus analyses recovered P. coreodes and P. tertius in a monophyletic clade sister to P. arthuri. Species delimitation tests recovered these lineages as different species despite the shared genetic variation observed between P. coreodes and P. tertius in five genes. Also, genetic variation of the genus clustered in three groups that were consistent with the three morphospecies. Our demographic model predicted a scenario of divergence in absence of gene flow, suggesting that mixed haplotypes may be the result of shared ancestral variation since the divergence of the subtropical-temperate species P. coreodes and P. tertius. In contrast, the tropical species P. arthuri was highly differentiated from the other two in all tests of genetic structure, and consistently, the Monmonier's algorithm identified a clear geographical barrier that separates this species from P. coreodes and P. tertius. CONCLUSIONS We found three genetically structured lineages within Psammolestes that diverged in absence of gene flow in the late Miocene. This result supports a scenario of species formation driven by geographical isolation rather than by divergence in the face of gene flow associated with climatic oscillations in the Pleistocene. Also, we identified the Amazon basin as a climatic barrier that separates tropical from subtropical-temperate species, thus promoting allopatric speciation after long range dispersion. Finally, each species of Psammolestes occupies different climatic niches suggesting that niche conservatism is not crucial for species differentiation. These findings influence the current vector surveillance programs of Chagas disease in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMIBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mateo Alvarado
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMIBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fabian C Salgado-Roa
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva y Filogeografía, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.,School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nathalia Ballesteros
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMIBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nicol Rueda-M
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva y Filogeografía, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jader Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 01000, Brazil.,Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 01000, Brazil
| | - Joao Aristeu da Rosa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, 01000, Brazil
| | - Plutarco Urbano
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biológicas de la Orinoquia, Universidad Internacional del Trópico Americano (Unitrópico), Yopal, Colombia
| | - Camilo Salazar
- Grupo de Genética Evolutiva y Filogeografía, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMIBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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de Oliveira J, da Rosa JA, Fontes FM, Andrade DC, Madi RR, de Melo CM. Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg, 1965 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): first report in Sergipe State, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2021; 54:e0708-2020. [PMID: 33759924 PMCID: PMC8008867 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0708-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study reports the first occurrence of Psammolestes tertius (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. METHODS In 2020, 95 specimens were collected from the municipality of Porto da Folha, Sergipe, Brazil. RESULTS This finding expands the geographical distribution of the species from 15 states in Brazil to 16 and increases the biodiversity of triatomines in the state of Sergipe. CONCLUSIONS The presence of P. tertius in the state of Sergipe demonstrated a wider distribution of this species in northeastern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jader de Oliveira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Felipe Mendes Fontes
- Universidade Tiradentes, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - David Campos Andrade
- Universidade Tiradentes, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Rubens Riscala Madi
- Universidade Tiradentes, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Laboratório de Biologia Tropical, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Moura de Melo
- Universidade Tiradentes, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
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Oliveira J, Alevi KCC, Ravazi A, Herrera HM, Santos FM, Azeredo-Oliveira MTVD, Rosa JAD. New Evidence of the Monophyletic Relationship of the Genus Psammolestes Bergroth, 1911 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 99:1485-1488. [PMID: 30328409 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Psammolestes within the subfamily Triatominae and tribe Rhodniini comprises the species Psammolestes arthuri, Psammolestes coreodes, and Psammolestes tertius, all potential vectors of Chagas disease. A feature of Psammolestes is their close association with birds, which makes them an interesting model for evolutionary studies. We analyzed cytogenetically Psammolestes spp., with the aim of contributing to the genetic and evolutionary knowledge of these vectors. All species of the Psammolestes showed the same chromosomal characteristics: chromocenter formed only by sex chromosomes X and Y, karyotype 2n = 22 and constitutive heterochromatin, and AT base pairs restricted to the sex chromosome Y. These results corroborate the monophyly of the genus and lead to the hypothesis that during the derivation of P. tertius, P. coreodes, and P. arthuri from their common ancestor, there was no reorganization in the number or structure of chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jader Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ravazi
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - João Aristeu da Rosa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Araraquara, Brazil
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