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Gao S, Feng Q. The Beneficial Effects of Geniposide on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3365-3383. [PMID: 36213380 PMCID: PMC9532263 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s378976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Geniposide is a naturally sourced active ingredient that has diverse pharmacological effects and great potential in improving or treating different kinds of diseases. In recent years, more and more studies have confirmed that geniposide can improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorder, which is an increasingly prevalent health problem causing various metabolic diseases globally. Our review aims to summarize basic information on the pharmacological effects of geniposide on glucolipid metabolism. Geniposide increases glucose utilization and insulin production, protects pancreatic islet β cells, inhibits insulin resistance and hepatic glucose production, and suppresses gluconeogenesis. While in the aspect of lipid metabolism, geniposide can promote lipolysis, inhibit lipogenesis, and regulate lipid transport. Geniposide ameliorates lipid and glucose metabolic disorders, improving the entire glycolipid metabolism network in a three-dimensional manner at the level of molecular mechanism. Growing evidence revealed that geniposide may serve as an effective drug to combat metabolic diseases for the time to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Gao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hepatopathy Building, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Feng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hepatopathy Building, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Lan X, Han J, Wang B, Sun M. Integrated analysis of transcriptome profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs in livers of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:86-97. [PMID: 35073196 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00105.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) influence the progression of almost all human diseases, but the participation of lncRNAs in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to systematically compare the transcriptome profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs in livers between T2DM patients and controls, to identify key genes associated with T2DM pathogenesis, and to predict the underlying molecular mechanisms. As a result, a total of 1,512 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 1,923 DE mRNAs were identified through microarray analysis. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that multiple metabolic processes were dysregulated such as small molecule, organic acid, lipid and branched chain amino acid metabolism. Protein-protein interaction network was constructed and 10 hub mRNAs were identified, including EHHADH, ATM, ACOX1, PIK3R1, EGFR, UQCRFS1, HMGCL, UQCRC2, NDUFS3 and F2. RT-qPCR was conducted to verify the validity of microarray results. Then, coding-noncoding co-expression network and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network were analyzed to predict the lncRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory patterns. Subsequently, 10 key intermediating miRNAs in ceRNA networks with a node degree > 80 were identified, including hsa-miR-5692a, hsa-miR-12136, hsa-miR-5680, hsa-miR-1305, hsa-miR-6833-5p, hsa-miR-7159-5p, hsa-miR-548as-3p, hsa-miR-6873-3p, hsa-miR-1290 and hsa-miR-4768-5p. In conclusion, the present study evaluated the transcriptome profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs in livers from T2DM patients, with a value for understanding the molecular mechanism of disease pathogenesis and identifying effective biomarkers in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, grid.43169.39Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Han
- Talent Highland and Center for Gut Microbiome Research of Med-X Institute, grid.452438.cFirst Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Binxian Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, grid.43169.39Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingzhu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, grid.452672.0Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Yang J, He Q, Wang Y, Pan Z, Zhang G, Liang J, Su L, Wang A, Zeng C, Luo H, Liu L, Li J, Rao Q, Wang B, Wang H, Chen P. Gegen Qinlian Decoction ameliorates type 2 diabetes osteoporosis via IGFBP3/MAPK/NFATc1 signaling pathway based on cytokine antibody array. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:153810. [PMID: 34798519 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis affects more than half the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Up to data, there is no effective clinical practice in managing type 2 diabetes osteoporosis (T2DOP) because of its complex pathogenesis. Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) has been used for the long-term management of T2DM. However, the underlying mechanism of GQD in the treatment of T2DOP remains unknown. PURPOSE To reveal the role of GQD in T2DOP and its potential therapeutic targets in the management of T2DOP. STUDY DESIGN The effect of GQD on T2DOP was observed in db/db mice in four groups: model group, GQD low-dose group (GQD-L), GQD high-dose group (GQD-H), and metformin (positive control) group. C57BL/6J mice were used as the negative control group. METHODS Quantitative phytochemical analysis of GQD was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Micro-CT and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining were used to evaluate bone histomorphometry. To screen for candidate targets of GQD, a cytokine antibody array was used, followed by bioinformatics analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting (WB) were used to determine expression levels. RESULTS The major active components of GQD were confirmed by HPLC. Micro-CT and H&E staining showed that bone mass was significantly increased in the GQD-H group compared with the model group. Antibody arrays revealed that the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) was elevated in the GQD-H group. The MAPK pathway was identified using bioinformatics analysis. Additionally, the levels of osteoclastogenesis-related genes, including cathepsin K (Ctsk), acid phosphatase 5 (Acp5), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (Mmp9), and ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit D2 (Atp6v0d2) were significantly decreased in the GQD-H group. Compared with the model group, high-dosage GQD inhibited phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1). CONCLUSION GQD plays a protective role in T2DOP by upregulating IGFBP3 expression and downregulating the IGFBP3/MAPK/NFATc1 signaling pathway. IGFBP3 in serum may also be a novel biomarker in the treatment of T2DOP. Our current findings not only expand the application of GQD, but also provide a theoretical basis and guidance for T2DOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzheng Yang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Qi He
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Yunhan Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Zhaofeng Pan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Gangyu Zhang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Jianming Liang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Lijun Su
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Ailin Wang
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Chuning Zeng
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Haoran Luo
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Lingyun Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Jianliang Li
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Qiuhong Rao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Baohua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China.
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdon 510405, PR China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdon 510405, PR China.
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Chen Q, He Y, Wang X, Zhu Y, Huang Y, Cao J, Yan R. LncRNA PTGS2 regulates islet β-cell function through the miR-146a-5p/RBP4 axis and its diagnostic value in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:11316-11328. [PMID: 34786060 PMCID: PMC8581936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) PTGS2 on islet β-cell function via the miR-146a-5p/Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) axis and its diagnostic value in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was analyzed and LncRNA PTGS2 was identified as a potential regulator of T2DM. Mouse pancreatic β cell INS-1 cells were cultured with high glucose, and the relative expression of LncRNA PTGS2 in the serum of T2DM patients and INS-1 cells was detected by Fluorescence Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and its diagnostic value for T2DM was analyzed. The PTGS2/miR-146a-5p/RBP4 axis in INS-1 cells was intervened to observe the changes in cell function. The proliferation of INS-1 cells was detected by CCK8, and the level of insulin secretion was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The regulatory relationship among LncRNA PTGS2, miR-146a-5p and RBP4 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS The expression of LncRNA PTGS2 in the serum of T2DM patients increased, and the expression of LncRNA PTGS2 was positively correlated with the fasting blood glucose level of patients (R=0.306, P<0.05). Knockdown of LncRNA PTGS2 could promote the proliferation and insulin secretion of INS-1 cells, while overexpression of LncRNA PTGS2 showed the opposite results (all P<0.05). Knockdown of LncRNA PTGS2 could up-regulate the expression of miR-146a-5p. Overexpression of LncRNA PTGS2 inhibited the proliferation and insulin secretion of INS-1 cells, while miR-146a-5p could partially reverse this effect. RBP4 has been identified as a downstream target gene of miR-146a-5p. Overexpression of miR-146a-5p could inhibit the expression of RBP4, which was positively correlated withLncRNA PTGS2 regulation. The effect of RBP4 on INS-1 cells was the same as that of LncRNA PTGS2. CONCLUSION LncRNA PTGS2 can damage islet β-cell function by regulation of miR-146a-5p and up-regulation of RBP4. LncRNA PTGS2 has potential value in the diagnosis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xufeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yongyao Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruicheng Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430061, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
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