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Costescu S, Bratosin F, Popa ZL, Hrubaru I, Citu C. Does Magnesium Provide a Protective Effect in Crohn's Disease Remission? A Systematic Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2024; 16:1662. [PMID: 38892595 PMCID: PMC11174356 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review evaluates the hypothesis that optimal serum magnesium levels may enhance remission rates in Crohn's disease (CD) and considers whether magnesium supplementation could be beneficial in CD management. This review aims to synthesize available evidence concerning the impact of serum magnesium on disease remission in CD, and to analyze the effectiveness and mechanistic roles of magnesium supplementation. Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to January 2024 using MeSH terms and free-text queries related to CD and magnesium. The inclusion criteria were studies that investigated serum magnesium levels, effects of supplementation, and the inflammatory mechanisms in CD remission. From the 525 records identified, eight studies met the inclusion criteria after the removal of duplicates and irrelevant records. These studies, conducted between 1998 and 2023, involved a cumulative sample of 453 patients and 292 controls. Key findings include significantly lower serum magnesium levels in CD patients (0.79 ± 0.09 mmol/L) compared to controls (0.82 ± 0.06 mmol/L), with up to 50% prevalence of hypomagnesemia in CD patients observed in one study. Notably, CD patients, particularly men, exhibited lower magnesium intake (men: 276.4 mg/day; women: 198.2 mg/day). Additionally, low magnesium levels correlated with increased sleep latency (95% CI -0.65 to -0.102; p = 0.011) and decreased sleep duration (95% CI -0.613 to -0.041; p = 0.028). Another key finding was the significant association between low serum magnesium levels and elevated CRP levels as an indicator of CD disease activity. The findings support the hypothesis that serum magnesium levels are significantly lower in CD patients compared to healthy controls and suggest that magnesium supplementation could improve CD management by enhancing remission rates and sleep quality. However, more rigorous, evidence-based research is necessary to define specific supplementation protocols and to fully elucidate the role of magnesium in CD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu Costescu
- Doctoral School Department, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Felix Bratosin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Zoran Laurentiu Popa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Ingrid Hrubaru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.H.); (C.C.)
| | - Cosmin Citu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.H.); (C.C.)
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Amo‐Tachie S, Ocansey FK, Yeboah AD. Crohn's disease: An enigmatic variant with gastritis and ileal obstruction. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8371. [PMID: 38161629 PMCID: PMC10753134 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
There are multiple atypical manifestations of Crohn's disease, which sometimes delay diagnosis or even more often result in complete misdiagnosis, especially in poorly equipped facilities. This is the case of an elderly woman with Crohn's disease who presented with gastritis and bowel obstruction. She had hitherto been wrongly managed for peptic ulcer disease and functional constipation based mainly on her symptoms. Her diagnosis was made only after years of failed symptomatic management. This case aims to highlight the uncommon and easily misdiagnosed gastroduodenal presentation of Crohn's disease, as well as clinical clues to correctly diagnosing the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Amo‐Tachie
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of Ghana Medical School, University of GhanaAccraGhana
- Department of Internal MedicineCape Coast Teaching HospitalCape CoastGhana
| | | | - Abena Durowaa Yeboah
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of Ghana Medical School, University of GhanaAccraGhana
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Zheng Y, Liao Y, Ouyang Y, Wu Z, Li Z, Lin J, Zhang K, Wang X, Cen Z, Ma W, Dai S. The effects and predictive value of calcium and magnesium concentrations on nutritional improvement, inflammatory response and diagnosis in patients with Crohn's disease. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:1649-1660. [PMID: 37485801 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) is a progressive inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract associated with malnutrition, high levels of inflammation and calcium and magnesium deficiencies. However, the relationships between these symptoms are poorly defined. METHOD Seventy-six adult CD patients who had not yet started treatment and 83 healthy volunteers were recruited. The dietary intakes, serum calcium and magnesium levels, nutritional indicators and biochemical markers of disease activity were measured. RESULTS Most participants had inadequate magnesium and calcium intake. The serum magnesium and calcium levels, as well as nutritional and inflammatory indicators, differed significantly between CD patients and controls, especially in the active phase. Serum levels of magnesium and calcium correlated with both nutritional status and inflammation. The cut-off values for CD development were 0.835 mmol/L (magnesium) and 2.315 mmol/L (calcium), whereas those for the active phase were 0.785 and 2.28 mmol/L, respectively. CONCLUSION Adequate intake of magnesium and calcium may both improve the nutritional status of CD patients and reduce inflammation, benefiting disease relief. As both magnesium and calcium reflect CD status, they may be useful markers for CD diagnosis and disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijun Liao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziying Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zebin Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiasen Lin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaijun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoxian Cen
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixue Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou, China
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Analysis of the Nutritional Value of Diets and Food Choices in Polish Female Ulcerative Colitis Individuals Compared with a Pair-Matched Control Sample. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040857. [PMID: 36839214 PMCID: PMC9964133 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis patients often attribute their symptoms to specific dietary products. Therefore, even though there are no specific dietary recommendations, these patients commonly have dietary restrictions, often with no consultation from their physician or dietitian, as they believe that they may be beneficial for them. The aim of the study was to analyze the nutritional value of diets and food choices in Polish female ulcerative colitis individuals, in comparison with a pair-matched control sample. The study was conducted on a group of 44 Polish female ulcerative colitis individuals being in remission and 44 individuals within a pair-matched control sample, matched by their age and concurrent diseases, excluding those resulting from ulcerative colitis. The analysis of the diet was based on the self-reported data, including 3-day dietary records (to assess the intake of nutrients and food products), as well as the simple open-ended question about food products excluded from their diet. It was stated that Polish female ulcerative colitis individuals were characterized by a lower energy value of diet (p = 0.0043), accompanied by the higher proportion of total protein (p = 0.0128) than the pair-matched control sample. As a result of a lower energy value for ulcerative colitis individuals, the intake of numerous nutrients was also lower (p < 0.05); however, after recalculation per 1000 kcal, ulcerative colitis individuals were characterized by higher total protein (p = 0.0121), starch (p = 0.0009), and vitamin B6 intake (p = 0.0319), as well as lower alcohol intake (p = 0.0464). Similarly, as a result of a lower energy value for ulcerative colitis individuals, the intake of numerous foods was also lower (p < 0.05); however, after recalculation per 1000 kcal, ulcerative colitis individuals were characterized by higher meat (p = 0.0058) and potatoes intake (p = 0.0052), as well as lower legumes (p = 0.0301), chocolate sweets (p = 0.0165), and alcoholic beverages intake (p = 0.0062). For chocolate sweets (p = 0.0134) and alcoholic beverages (p = 0.0091), ulcerative colitis individuals were characterized by a higher frequency of declaration of dietary exclusion. At the same time, ulcerative colitis individuals were characterized by a lower frequency of meeting the recommended intake for magnesium (p = 0.0005), iron (p = 0.0189), vitamin E (p = 0.0389), and vitamin B1 (p = 0.0032). It was concluded that even in remission, there is a risk of inadequate consumption, not meeting the recommended intake, and nutritional deficiencies in the population of female ulcerative colitis patients.
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Salavatizadeh M, Soltanieh S, Chegini M, Ilesanmi-Oyelere BL, Kord-Varkaneh H, Hekmatdoost A. Micronutrient intake and risk of ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 51:152-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Key Words
- Absorption
- Amphotericin B
- Antibiotics, Chemotherapeutic agents, ATP
- Calcium
- Central Nervous System, CNS
- Distribution
- Excretion
- Hypokalemia, digoxin, hypertension, insulin, intestine
- Hypomagnesemia
- Magnesium
- Metabolism
- Na+ K+/ATP-ase, enolase, pyruvate kinase
- Neuromuscular
- Potassium
- Proton pump inhibitors, Diuretics
- TRPM6 and TRPM7 channels, kidney, nephron, parathyroid hormone (PTH), antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
- TRPM6, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure
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Fiorentini D, Cappadone C, Farruggia G, Prata C. Magnesium: Biochemistry, Nutrition, Detection, and Social Impact of Diseases Linked to Its Deficiency. Nutrients 2021; 13:1136. [PMID: 33808247 PMCID: PMC8065437 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium plays an important role in many physiological functions. Habitually low intakes of magnesium and in general the deficiency of this micronutrient induce changes in biochemical pathways that can increase the risk of illness and, in particular, chronic degenerative diseases. The assessment of magnesium status is consequently of great importance, however, its evaluation is difficult. The measurement of serum magnesium concentration is the most commonly used and readily available method for assessing magnesium status, even if serum levels have no reliable correlation with total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues. Therefore, this review offers an overview of recent insights into magnesium from multiple perspectives. Starting from a biochemical point of view, it aims at highlighting the risk due to insufficient uptake (frequently due to the low content of magnesium in the modern western diet), at suggesting strategies to reach the recommended dietary reference values, and at focusing on the importance of detecting physiological or pathological levels of magnesium in various body districts, in order to counteract the social impact of diseases linked to magnesium deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.F.); (C.C.); (C.P.)
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Lemay JA, Yamamoto M, Kroezen Z, Shanmuganathan M, Ly R, Hart L, Pai N, Britz-McKibbin P. Lyophilized fecal short-chain fatty acid and electrolyte determination by capillary electrophoresis with indirect UV detection for assessment of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 192:113658. [PMID: 33091761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and electrolytes are major constituents of human feces involved in maintaining gastrointestinal homeostasis that underlie complex diet, host and microbiome interactions. Reliable quantification of SCFAs and electrolytes is challenging given the heterogeneity of stool specimens from pediatric patients with diarrhea-predominate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, we introduce two validated methods for determination of 3 SCFAs and 5 electrolytes consistently quantified from fecal extracts when using capillary electrophoresis with indirect UV detection (CE-iUV), where concentrations are normalized to total dried weight (mmol/kg d.w.). Lyophilization facilitates sample handling and extraction of heterogeneous stool specimens (∼ 15 mg) from a cohort of children with Crohn's disease (CD, n = 12) and ulcerative colitis (UC, n = 10) treated with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) or corticosteroid (CS) therapy to induce remission, respectively. Good technical precision (mean CV = 13 %, n = 14) and accuracy (recovery from 84 to 116%) is demonstrated for SCFAs and electrolytes from freeze dried stool extracts using a modified Bligh-Dyer protocol with low micromolar detection limits (∼ 2-15 μM). Fecal butyrate is 2.6-fold higher in CD as compared to UC patients (effect size = 1.51; p = 0.00291), and there is a strong co-linearity between fecal butyrate and acetate (r = 0.835) unlike propionate, which is correlated with fecal calprotectin (r = 0.517), a protein biomarker of intestinal inflammation. Also, a longitudinal study of matching stool samples collected from a sub-set of IBD patients revealed about a 7-fold enrichment in magnesium and calcium following 4 weeks of EEN as compared to baseline (F > 4.1 ; p < 0.05) unlike the CS treatment arm with no changes in other fecal SCFAs and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, and ammonium. CE-iUV enables rapid fecal SCFA and electrolyte determination as required for new insights into the role of gut dysbiosis in IBD, as well as treatment monitoring of nutritional interventions that stabilize the disease course in affected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie-Anne Lemay
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mai Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Zachary Kroezen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Meera Shanmuganathan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ritchie Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lara Hart
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nikhil Pai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Britz-McKibbin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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9
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The Influence of Nutrients on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:2894169. [PMID: 32190385 PMCID: PMC7064842 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2894169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases is a group of inflammatory diseases. The pathogenesis of diseases is multifactorial, which may include a Western-type diet. Diseases occur with periods of recurrence and remission. Many factors can have a beneficial effect on reducing the frequency of recurrence and prolonging the remission period. Such ingredients include dietary fibre, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, certain vitamins (D, C, and E), flavonoids, and minerals such as zinc and selenium. Properly selected nutrition might be an integral part of the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.
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10
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Reis VHDOT, Santee CM, Loubet Filho PS, Santos TG, Amianti C, Filiú WFDO, Rafacho BPM, Portugal LC, Santos EFD. The Effects of Supplementing Hancornia speciosa (Mangaba) on Bowel Motility and Inflammatory Profile of Wistar Rats. J Med Food 2019; 22:1254-1261. [PMID: 31329496 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders, such as constipation, has been increasing. Genetic factors and lifestyle are some of the etiologies of this issue, affecting the health of the population. Natural products have properties that contribute to health maintenance and health promotion, including reduction of the inflammatory process. Hancornia speciosa, popularly known as mangaba, is an abundant and native fruit in the Brazilian Cerrado, commercialized for culinary purposes and used because of its pharmacological properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the supplementation of different concentrations of mangaba pulp can improve intestinal motility and bowel health in Wistar rats. Forty male rats were divided into five groups. The experiment lasted 14 days and the groups were tested with water, industrialized laxative jelly made from tamarind as medication, or mangaba at 5, 10, and 15 mL/kg of body weight. Food intake, weight gain, ion balance, intestinal motility, and histopathological analysis of the small intestine, large intestine, and liver were evaluated. Supplementation of mangaba pulp at its highest concentration (15 mL/kg body weight) caused a 15% increase in the distance traveled by the charcoal meal, and a decrease in serum magnesium levels and white cells in both the small and large intestines. The results suggest that mangaba pulp presents laxative, anti-inflammatory properties and that its consumption is beneficial and should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cynthia Monteiro Santee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Loubet Filho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Thayná Gil Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Carolina Amianti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Wander Fernando de Oliveira Filiú
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Bruna Paola Murino Rafacho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Elisvânia Freitas Dos Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Graduate Studies in Health and Development of the Midwestern Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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11
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Gommers LMM, Ederveen THA, van der Wijst J, Overmars-Bos C, Kortman GAM, Boekhorst J, Bindels RJM, de Baaij JHF, Hoenderop JGJ. Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI-induced hypomagnesemia. FASEB J 2019; 33:11235-11246. [PMID: 31299175 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900839r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used by millions of patients for the treatment of stomach acid-reflux diseases. Although PPIs are generally considered safe, about 13% of the users develop hypomagnesemia. Despite rising attention for this issue, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here, we examine whether the gut microbiome is involved in the development of PPI-induced hypomagnesemia in wild-type C57BL/6J mice. After 4 wk of treatment under normal or low dietary Mg2+ availability, omeprazole significantly reduced serum Mg2+ levels only in mice on a low-Mg2+ diet without affecting the mRNA expression of colonic or renal Mg2+ transporters. Overall, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a lower gut microbial diversity in omeprazole-treated mice. Omeprazole induced a shift in microbial composition, which was associated with a 3- and 2-fold increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, respectively. To examine the metabolic consequences of these microbial alterations, the colonic composition of organic acids was evaluated. Low dietary Mg2+ intake, independent of omeprazole treatment, resulted in a 10-fold increase in formate levels. Together, these results imply that both omeprazole treatment and low dietary Mg2+ intake disturb the gut internal milieu and may pose a risk for the malabsorption of Mg2+ in the colon.-Gommers, L. M. M., Ederveen, T. H. A., van der Wijst, J., Overmars-Bos, C., Kortman, G. A. M., Boekhorst, J., Bindels, R. J. M., de Baaij, J. H. F., Hoenderop, J. G. J. Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI-induced hypomagnesemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne M M Gommers
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RADBOUDUMC), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas H A Ederveen
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics (CMBI), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,NIZO Food Research, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny van der Wijst
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RADBOUDUMC), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Caro Overmars-Bos
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RADBOUDUMC), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jos Boekhorst
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics (CMBI), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,NIZO Food Research, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - René J M Bindels
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RADBOUDUMC), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RADBOUDUMC), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (RADBOUDUMC), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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12
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Trapani V, Petito V, Di Agostini A, Arduini D, Hamersma W, Pietropaolo G, Luongo F, Arena V, Stigliano E, Lopetuso LR, Gasbarrini A, Wolf FI, Scaldaferri F. Dietary Magnesium Alleviates Experimental Murine Colitis Through Upregulation of the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 6 Channel. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:2198-2210. [PMID: 29788266 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium (Mg) is essential for human health and is absorbed mainly in the intestine. In view of the likely occurrence of an Mg deficit in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the documented role of Mg in modulating inflammation, the present study addresses whether Mg availability can affect the onset and progression of intestinal inflammation. METHODS To study the correlation between Mg status and disease activity, we measured magnesemia by atomic absorption spectroscopy in a cohort of IBD patients. The effects of dietary Mg modulation were assessed in a murine model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis by monitoring magnesemia, weight, fecal occult blood, diarrhea, colon length, and histology. Expression of the transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) 6 channel was assessed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in murine colon tissues. The effect of Mg on epithelial barrier formation/repair was evaluated in human colon cell lines. RESULTS Inflammatory bowel disease patients presented with a substantial Mg deficit, and serum Mg levels were inversely correlated with disease activity. In mice, an Mg-deficient diet caused hypomagnesemia and aggravated DSS-induced colitis. Colitis severely compromised intestinal Mg2+ absorption due to mucosal damage and reduction in TRPM6 expression, but Mg supplementation resulted in better restoration of mucosal integrity and channel expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the importance of evaluating and correcting magnesemia in IBD patients. The murine model suggests that Mg supplementation may represent a safe and cost-effective strategy to reduce inflammation and restore normal mucosal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Trapani
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Petito
- Polo di Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Area Gastroenterologia, Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Malattie del Fegato, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Angelica Di Agostini
- Polo di Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Area Gastroenterologia, Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Malattie del Fegato, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Arduini
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Willem Hamersma
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pietropaolo
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Luongo
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arena
- Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Stigliano
- Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Loris R Lopetuso
- Polo di Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Area Gastroenterologia, Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Malattie del Fegato, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Polo di Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Area Gastroenterologia, Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Malattie del Fegato, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Federica I Wolf
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Scaldaferri
- Polo di Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Area Gastroenterologia, Medicina Interna, Gastroenterologia e Malattie del Fegato, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli," Rome, Italy
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Li Y, Yue J, Yang C. Unraveling the role of Mg(++) in osteoarthritis. Life Sci 2016; 147:24-9. [PMID: 26800786 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mg(++) is widely involved in human physiological processes that may play key roles in the generation and progression of diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex joint disorder characterized by articular cartilage degradation, abnormal mineralization and inflammation. Magnesium deficiency is considered to be a major risk factor for OA development and progression. Magnesium deficiency is active in several pathways that have been implicated in OA, including increased inflammatory mediators, cartilage damage, defective chondrocyte biosynthesis, aberrant calcification and a weakened effect of analgesics. Abundant in vitro and in vivo evidence in animal models now suggests that the nutritional supplementation or local infiltration of Mg(++) represent effective therapies for OA. The goal of this review is to summarize the current understanding of the role of Mg(++) in OA with particular emphasis on the related molecular mechanisms involved in OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China; School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaji Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China; School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China; School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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