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Zhao J, Lu F, Dong Z. Strategies for Constructing Tissue-Engineered Fat for Soft Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:395-408. [PMID: 38032533 PMCID: PMC10987464 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00607-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repairing soft tissue defects caused by inflammation, tumors, and trauma remains a major challenge for surgeons. Adipose tissue engineering (ATE) provides a promising way to solve this problem. METHODS This review summarizes the current ATE strategies for soft tissue reconstruction, and introduces potential construction methods for ATE. RESULTS Scaffold-based and scaffold-free strategies are the two main approaches in ATE. Although several of these methods have been effective clinically, both scaffold-based and scaffold-free strategies have limitations. The third strategy is a synergistic tissue engineering strategy and combines the advantages of scaffold-based and scaffold-free strategies. CONCLUSION Personalized construction, stable survival of reconstructed tissues and functional recovery of organs are future goals of building tissue-engineered fat for ATE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Plastic Surgery Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Kuziel G, Moore BN, Arendt LM. Obesity and Fibrosis: Setting the Stage for Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112929. [PMID: 37296891 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a rising health concern and is linked to a worsened breast cancer prognosis. Tumor desmoplasia, which is characterized by elevated numbers of cancer-associated fibroblasts and the deposition of fibrillar collagens within the stroma, may contribute to the aggressive clinical behavior of breast cancer in obesity. A major component of the breast is adipose tissue, and fibrotic changes in adipose tissue due to obesity may contribute to breast cancer development and the biology of the resulting tumors. Adipose tissue fibrosis is a consequence of obesity that has multiple sources. Adipocytes and adipose-derived stromal cells secrete extracellular matrix composed of collagen family members and matricellular proteins that are altered by obesity. Adipose tissue also becomes a site of chronic, macrophage-driven inflammation. Macrophages exist as a diverse population within obese adipose tissue and mediate the development of fibrosis through the secretion of growth factors and matricellular proteins and interactions with other stromal cells. While weight loss is recommended to resolve obesity, the long-term effects of weight loss on adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation within breast tissue are less clear. Increased fibrosis within breast tissue may increase the risk for tumor development as well as promote characteristics associated with tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevra Kuziel
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Brittney N Moore
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lisa M Arendt
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Basic Research and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043888. [PMID: 36835295 PMCID: PMC9962639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) have been extensively studied in recent years. Their attractiveness is due to the ease of obtaining clinical material (fat tissue, lipoaspirate) and the relatively large number of AD-MSCs present in adipose tissue. In addition, AD-MSCs possess a high regenerative potential and immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, AD-MSCs have great potential in stem cell-based therapies in wound healing as well as in orthopedic, cardiovascular, or autoimmune diseases. There are many ongoing clinical trials on AD-MSC and in many cases their effectiveness has been proven. In this article, we present current knowledge about AD-MSCs based on our experience and other authors. We also demonstrate the application of AD-MSCs in selected pre-clinical models and clinical studies. Adipose-derived stromal cells can also be the pillar of the next generation of stem cells that will be chemically or genetically modified. Despite much research on these cells, there are still important and interesting areas to explore.
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4
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Muthu S, Patil SC, Jeyaraman N, Jeyaraman M, Gangadaran P, Rajendran RL, Oh EJ, Khanna M, Chung HY, Ahn BC. Comparative effectiveness of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in the management of knee osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis. World J Orthop 2023; 14:23-41. [PMID: 36686284 PMCID: PMC9850793 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v14.i1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder, is associated with an increasing socioeconomic impact owing to the ageing population.
AIM To analyze and compare the efficacy and safety of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) in knee OA management from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
METHODS Independent and duplicate electronic database searches were performed, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, until August 2021 for RCTs that analyzed the efficacy and safety of AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs in the management of knee OA. The visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain, Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Lysholm score, Tegner score, magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue score, knee osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), and adverse events were analyzed. Analysis was performed on the R-platform using OpenMeta (Analyst) software. Twenty-one studies, involving 936 patients, were included. Only one study compared the two MSC sources without patient randomization; hence, the results of all included studies from both sources were pooled, and a comparative critical analysis was performed.
RESULTS At six months, both AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs showed significant VAS improvement (P = 0.015, P = 0.012); this was inconsistent at 1 year for BM-MSCs (P < 0.001, P = 0.539), and AD-MSCs outperformed BM-MSCs compared to controls in measures such as WOMAC (P < 0.001, P = 0.541), Lysholm scores (P = 0.006; P = 0.933), and KOOS (P = 0.002; P = 0.012). BM-MSC-related procedures caused significant adverse events (P = 0.003) compared to AD-MSCs (P = 0.673).
CONCLUSION Adipose tissue is superior to bone marrow because of its safety and consistent efficacy in improving pain and functional outcomes. Future trials are urgently warranted to validate our findings and reach a consensus on the ideal source of MSCs for managing knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Muthu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul 624001, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Research Associate, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore 641045, Tamil Nadu, India
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group Association, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandesh C Patil
- Department of Orthopaedic Rheumatology, Dr. RML National Law University, Lucknow 226012, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group Association, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Orthopaedic Rheumatology, Dr. RML National Law University, Lucknow 226012, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Research Associate, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore 641045, Tamil Nadu, India
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group Association, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College & Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600056, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, South Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Eun Jung Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, CMRI, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Manish Khanna
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group Association, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ho Yun Chung
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, South Korea
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, CMRI, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, South Korea
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, South Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, South Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, South Korea
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Agaverdiev M, Shamsov B, Mirzoev S, Vardikyan A, Ramirez ME, Nurmukhametov R, Beilerli A, Zhang B, Gareev I, Pavlov V. MiRNA regulated therapeutic potential of the stromal vascular fraction: Current clinical applications - A systematic review. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 8:146-154. [PMID: 36632616 PMCID: PMC9817091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a heterogeneous population of cells that, interacting with each other, can affect the processes of regeneration, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. Over the past 20 years, there has been a trend towards an increase in the number of clinical studies on the therapeutic use of SVF. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also important regulators of cellular function and they have been shown to be involved in SVF cellular component function. The purpose of this study was to analyze existing clinical studies on the therapeutic use of SVF including the role of miRNAs in the regulation of the function of the cellular component of SVF as an anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and cell differentiation activity. Methods The search strategy was to use material from the clinicaltrials.gov website, which focused on the key term "Stromal vascular fraction", and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two stages. Results By August 2022, there were 149 registered clinical trials. Most studies belong to either Phase 1-2 (49.37%), Phase 1 (25.32%) or Phase 2 (22.78%). Most of them focused in the fields of traumatology, neurology/neurosurgery, endocrinology, vascular surgery, and immunology. However, only 8 clinical trials had published results. All of clinical trials have similar preparation methods and 8 clinical trials have positive results with no serious adverse effects. Conclusions There appears to be a wide potential for the clinical use of SVF without reports of serious side effects. Many preclinical and clinical studies are currently underway on the use of SVF, and their future results will help to further explore their therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, there are not many studies on the role of miRNAs in the SVF microenvironment; however, this topic is very important for further study of the clinical application of SVF, including safety, in various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Agaverdiev
- Department of Urology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Bedil Shamsov
- Department of Urology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Sorbon Mirzoev
- Department of Urology, City Clinical Hospital, №21, 450071, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Andranik Vardikyan
- Department of Urology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Manuel Encarnacion Ramirez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Renat Nurmukhametov
- Division of Spine Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Aferin Beilerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya Street, 625023, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008, Ufa, Russian Federation,Corresponding author.
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Department of Urology, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008, Ufa, Russian Federation
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Nazari Z, Bahrehbar K, Golalipour MJ. Effect of MDMA exposure during pregnancy on cell apoptosis, astroglia, and microglia activity in rat offspring striatum. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:1091-1096. [PMID: 36246062 PMCID: PMC9526887 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.64980.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ecstasy is a popular recreational psychostimulant with side effects on the central nervous system. This study examined the corpus striatum tissue of adult rats that received ecstasy during the embryonic period for histological and molecular studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into control and ecstasy groups. The ecstasy group was given MDMA 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally twice daily at 8-hour intervals on days 7-15 of gestation. At the age of 15 weeks, adult offspring of both groups were examined for learning and memory study by the Morris water maze test. Then, ventral striatum tissue was harvested for TUNEL assay, Nissl staining, and real-time PCR for the expression of the GFAP and CD11b. RESULTS Ecstasy up-regulated the GFAP and CD11b expression in the striatum of offspring (*P˂0.05). Furthermore, the Morris water maze test showed that exposure to ecstasy significantly impaired learning and spatial memory (*P˂0.05). TUNEL assay results did not show any significant change in the number of apoptotic cells in the striatum tissue of ecstasy offspring compared with controls, while Nissl staining showed a significant decrease in the number of neurons in the ecstasy group (*P˂0.05). CONCLUSION Exposure to ecstasy during pregnancy causes long-lasting changes in brain regions underlying learning and memory, including the striatum, and impaired working memory in the offspring. In addition, these data provide the first evidence that exposure to ecstasy during the embryonic period causes a persistent change in the activity of microglial cells and the number of astrocyte cells in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Nazari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Bahrehbar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Yasuj University, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jafar Golalipour
- Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran,Corresponding author: Mohammad Jafar Golalipour. Gorgan Congenital Malformations Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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7
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Sharun K, Jambagi K, Kumar R, Gugjoo MB, Pawde AM, Tuli HS, Dhama K, Amarpal. Clinical applications of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in veterinary practice. Vet Q 2022; 42:151-166. [PMID: 35841195 PMCID: PMC9364732 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2102688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (AdSVF) comprises a heterogeneous cell population, including the multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and pericytes. As such, multipotent adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs), are one of the important components of AdSVF. Commonly used techniques to harvest AdSVF involve enzymatic or non-enzymatic methods. The enzymatic method is considered to be the gold standard technique due to its higher yield. The cellular components of AdSVF can be resuspended in normal saline, platelet-rich plasma, or phosphate-buffered saline to produce a ready-to-use solution. Freshly isolated AdSVF has exhibited promising osteogenic and vasculogenic capacity. AdSVF has already been proven to possess therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis management. It is also an attractive therapeutic option for enhancing wound healing. In addition, the combined use of AdSVF and platelet-rich plasma has an additive stimulatory effect in accelerating wound healing and can be considered an alternative to AdMSC treatment. It is also widely used for managing various orthopaedic conditions in clinical settings and has the potential for regenerating bone, cartilage, and tendons. Autologous AdSVF cells are used along with bone substitutes and other biological factors as an alternative to conventional bone grafting techniques owing to their promising osteogenic and vasculogenic capacity. It can also be used for treating osteonecrosis, meniscus tear, chondromalacia, and tendon injuries in veterinary practice. It has several advantages over in vitro expanded AdMSC, including precluding the need for culturing, reduced risk of cell contamination, and cost-effectiveness, making it ideal for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Kaveri Jambagi
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir-190006, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
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Comparison of Stromal Vascular Fraction and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Protection of Renal Function in a Rodent Model of Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:1379680. [PMID: 35578662 PMCID: PMC9107055 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1379680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Few studies have compared the use of different cell types derived from adipose tissue or the optimal route for efficient and safe cell delivery in ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). We compared the abilities of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), injected via three different routes, to protect renal function in a rodent model of ischemic AKI. Methods Ninety male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 9 groups: sham, nephrectomy control, AKI control, transaortic renal arterial SVF injection, renal parenchymal SVF injection, tail venous SVF injection, transaortic renal arterial ADSC injection, renal parenchymal ADSC injection, and tail venous ADSC injection groups. Their renal function was assessed 4 days before and 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 14 days after surgical procedures to induce ischemic AKI. The histomorphometric studies were performed 14 days after surgical procedures. Results Renal parenchymal injection of SVF notably reduced the level of serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine elevation compared to the AKI control group. Renal parenchymal injection of SVF notably reduced the level of creatinine clearance decrease. In addition, collagen content was lower in the renal parenchymal SVF injection group, and fibrosis was reduced. Apoptosis was reduced in the renal parenchymal SVF injection group, and proliferation was increased. The expression levels of antioxidative markers such as glutathione reductase and peroxidase were higher in the renal parenchymal SVF injection group. Conclusions Our findings suggest that renal function is protected from ischemic AKI through renal parenchymal injection of SVF, which has enhanced antifibrotic, antiapoptotic, and antioxidative effects.
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Luo L, Zhang W, Wang J, Zhao M, Shen K, Jia Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Cai W, Xiao D, Bai X, Liu K, Wang K, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Zhou Q, Hu D. A Novel 3D Culture Model of Human ASCs Reduces Cell Death in Spheroid Cores and Maintains Inner Cell Proliferation Compared With a Nonadherent 3D Culture. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:737275. [PMID: 34858974 PMCID: PMC8632442 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.737275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
3D cell culture technologies have recently shown very valuable promise for applications in regenerative medicine, but the most common 3D culture methods for mesenchymal stem cells still have limitations for clinical application, mainly due to the slowdown of inner cell proliferation and increase in cell death rate. We previously developed a new 3D culture of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) based on its self-feeder layer, which solves the two issues of ASC 3D cell culture on ultra-low attachment (ULA) surface. In this study, we compared the 3D spheroids formed on the self-feeder layer (SLF-3D ASCs) with the spheroids formed by using ULA plates (ULA-3D ASCs). We discovered that the cells of SLF-3D spheroids still have a greater proliferation ability than ULA-3D ASCs, and the volume of these spheroids increases rather than shrinks, with more viable cells in 3D spheroids compared with the ULA-3D ASCs. Furthermore, it was discovered that the SLF-3D ASCs are likely to exhibit the abovementioned unique properties due to change in the expression level of ECM-related genes, like COL3A1, MMP3, HAS1, and FN1. These results indicate that the SLF-3D spheroid is a promising way forward for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Luo
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Kuo Shen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Weixia Cai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Xiaozhi Bai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Kaituo Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Kejia Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Huayu Zhu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an, China
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Sharma S, Muthu S, Jeyaraman M, Ranjan R, Jha SK. Translational products of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Bench to bedside applications. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1360-1381. [PMID: 34786149 PMCID: PMC8567449 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With developments in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the use of biological products for the treatment of various disorders has come into the limelight among researchers and clinicians. Among all the available biological tissues, research and exploration of adipose tissue have become more robust. Adipose tissue engineering aims to develop by-products and their substitutes for their regenerative and immunomodulatory potential. The use of biodegradable scaffolds along with adipose tissue products has a major role in cellular growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Adipose tissue, apart from being the powerhouse of energy storage, also functions as the largest endocrine organ, with the release of various adipokines. The progenitor cells among the heterogeneous population in the adipose tissue are of paramount importance as they determine the capacity of regeneration of these tissues. The results of adipose-derived stem-cell assisted fat grafting to provide numerous growth factors and adipokines that improve vasculogenesis, fat graft integration, and survival within the recipient tissue and promote the regeneration of tissue are promising. Adipose tissue gives rise to various by-products upon processing. This article highlights the significance and the usage of various adipose tissue by-products, their individual characteristics, and their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu 624304, India
- Research Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India
- Research Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Rajni Ranjan
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
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Phenotypical Characterization and Neurogenic Differentiation of Rabbit Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030431. [PMID: 33802902 PMCID: PMC8002684 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the rabbit is a frequently used biological model, the phenotype of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rAT-MSCs) is not well characterized. One of the reasons is the absence of specific anti-rabbit antibodies. The study aimed to characterize rAT-MSCs using flow cytometry and PCR methods, especially digital droplet PCR, which confirmed the expression of selected markers at the mRNA level. A combination of these methods validated the expression of MSCs markers (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105). In addition, cells were also positive for CD49f, vimentin, desmin, α-SMA, ALDH and also for the pluripotent markers: NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2. Moreover, the present study proved the ability of rAT-MSCs to differentiate into a neurogenic lineage based on the confirmed expression of neuronal markers ENO2 and MAP2. Obtained results suggest that rAT-MSCs have, despite the slight differences in marker expression, the similar phenotype as human AT-MSCs and possess the neurodifferentiation ability. Accordingly, rAT-MSCs should be subjected to further studies with potential application in veterinary medicine but also, in case of their cryopreservation, as a source of genetic information of endangered species stored in the gene bank.
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Laschke MW, Später T, Menger MD. Microvascular Fragments: More Than Just Natural Vascularization Units. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:24-33. [PMID: 32593437 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments serve as natural vascularization units in angiogenesis research and tissue engineering due to their ability to rapidly reassemble into microvascular networks. Recent studies indicate that they exhibit additional unique properties that may be beneficial for a wide range of future biomedical applications. Their angiogenic activity can be increased during short-term cultivation as a means of adapting their vascularization capacity to patient-specific needs. Moreover, they are a source of endothelial progenitor cells, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, and lymphatic vessel fragments. Finally, they exert immunomodulatory effects, determining the tissue integration of implanted biomaterials. Hence, microvascular fragments represent versatile building blocks for the improvement of vascularization, organotypic tissue formation, lymphatic regeneration, and implant integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Thomas Später
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Moreira F, Mizukami A, de Souza LEB, Cabral JMS, da Silva CL, Covas DT, Swiech K. Successful Use of Human AB Serum to Support the Expansion of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell in a Microcarrier-Based Platform. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:307. [PMID: 32373600 PMCID: PMC7184110 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are promising candidates for cell-based therapies and for the promotion of tissue repair, hence the increase of clinical trials in a worldwide scale. In particular, adipose tissue-derived stem/stromal cells (AT MSC) present easy accessibility and a rather straightforward process of isolation, providing a clear advantage over other sources. The high demand of cell doses (millions of cells/kg), needed for infusion in clinical settings, requires a scalable and efficient manufacturing of AT MSC under xenogeneic(xeno)-free culture conditions. Here we describe the successful use of human AB serum [10%(v/v)] as a culture supplement, as well as coating substrate for the expansion of these cells in microcarriers using (i) a spinner flask and (ii) a 500-mL mini-bioreactor (ApplikonTM Biotechnology). Cells were characterized by immunophenotype and multilineage differentiation potential. Upon an initial cell adhesion in the spinner flask of 35 ± 2.5%, culture reached a maximal cell density of 2.6 ± 0.1 × 105 at day 7, obtaining a 15 ± 1-fold increase. The implementation of the culture in the 500-mL mini-bioreactor presented an initial cell adhesion of 22 ± 5%, but it reached maximal cell density of 2.7 ± 0.4 × 105 at day 7, obtaining a 27 ± 8-fold increase. Importantly, in both stirred systems, cells retained their immunophenotype and multilineage differentiation potential (osteo-, chondro- and adipogenic lineages). Overall, the scalability of this microcarrier-based system presented herein is of major importance for the purpose of achieving clinically meaningful cell numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Moreira
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Amanda Mizukami
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia L da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dimas T Covas
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- Center for Cell-based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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