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Zhan XZ, Luo P, Zhang C, Zhang LJ, Shen X, Jiang DL, Liu WJ. Age-related changes in the mitochondrial, synthesis of steroids, and cellular homeostasis of the chicken ovary. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 267:107540. [PMID: 38908171 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
In poultry reproduction, the decline of ovarian function due to aging is related to dysfunction of mitochondria exacerbated by a reduction in antioxidant capacity, ultimately leading to follicle atresia and decreased egg production. However, the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in the chicken ovary in aging have remained to be understood. Hence, this study aims to investigate the effects of aging on mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis. We collect ovarian tissue, small white follicles (SWF), large white follicles (LWF), and small yellow follicles (SYF) from three different laying periods of hens. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that mitochondrial damage occurred in ovarian tissue during the late laying period (LP), characterized by structural swelling, scattered mitochondrial cristae, and an increase in the vacuoles. At the same time, with age, the synthesis of steroid hormones in the ovaries and follicular tissues is reduced. The levels of autophagy and cell apoptosis in ovarian tissues were both increased in the LP. In addition, aging adversely impacts mitochondrial function, leading to a decrease in mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) functions. This study will expand the knowledge about regressing ovarian aging in hens and increasing egg production in older layers for poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhi Zhan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong Kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Guangdong Provincial Waterfowl Health Breeding Engineering Center, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Pei Luo
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong Kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Guangdong Provincial Waterfowl Health Breeding Engineering Center, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong Kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Guangdong Provincial Waterfowl Health Breeding Engineering Center, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Liu-Jun Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong Kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Guangdong Provincial Waterfowl Health Breeding Engineering Center, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xu Shen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong Kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Guangdong Provincial Waterfowl Health Breeding Engineering Center, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Dan-Li Jiang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong Kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Guangdong Provincial Waterfowl Health Breeding Engineering Center, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Wen-Jun Liu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Zhong Kai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Guangdong Provincial Waterfowl Health Breeding Engineering Center, Guangzhou 510225, China.
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He W, Lin J, Yu F, Leng Y, Pan Z, Liang Q, Liu S, Huang X. Identification and function analysis of BCL2 in immune response of Pteria penguin. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109574. [PMID: 38692379 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (BCL2), an anti-apoptotic factor in the mitochondrial regulatory pathway of apoptosis, is critically important in immune defenses. In this study, a novel BCL2 gene was characterized from Pteria penguin (P. penguin). The PpBCL2 was 1482 bp long, containing an open reading frame (ORF) of 588 bp encoding 195 amino acids. Four highly conserved BCL-2 homology (BH) domains were found in PpBCL2. Amino acid alignment and phylogenetic tree showed that PpBCL2 had the highest similarity with BCL2 of Crassostrea gigas at 65.24 %. Tissue expression analysis showed that PpBCL2 had high constitutive expression in gill, digestive diverticulum and mantle, and was significantly increased 72 h of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) challenge in these immune tissues. Furthermore, PpBCL2 silencing significantly inhibited antimicrobial activity of hemolymph supernatant by 1.4-fold, and significantly reduced the survival rate by 51.7 % at 72 h post infection in P. penguin. These data indicated that PpBCL2 played an important role in immune response of P. penguin against V. parahaemolyticus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao He
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Jinji Lin
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang City, 524088, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yang Leng
- Experiment Animal Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
| | - Zhenni Pan
- Fangchenggang Marine Environmental Monitoring and Forecasting Center, Fangchenggang, Guangxi, 538000, China
| | - Qiwen Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Siying Liu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
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Zhou Z, Fan Y, Zong R, Tan K. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response: A multitasking giant in the fight against human diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101702. [PMID: 35908669 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, which serve as the energy factories of cells, are involved in cell differentiation, calcium homeostasis, amino acid and fatty acid metabolism and apoptosis. In response to environmental stresses, mitochondrial homeostasis is regulated at both the organelle and molecular levels to effectively maintain the number and function of mitochondria. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is an adaptive intracellular stress mechanism that responds to stress signals by promoting the transcription of genes encoding mitochondrial chaperones and proteases. The mechanism of the UPRmt in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has been clarified over time, and the main regulatory factors include ATFS-1, UBL-5 and DVE-1. In mammals, the activation of the UPRmt involves eIF2α phosphorylation and the uORF-regulated expression of CHOP, ATF4 and ATF5. Several additional factors, such as SIRT3 and HSF1, are also involved in regulating the UPRmt. A deep and comprehensive exploration of the UPRmt can provide new directions and strategies for the treatment of human diseases, including aging, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. In this review, we mainly discuss the function of UPRmt, describe the regulatory mechanisms of UPRmt in C. elegans and mammals, and summarize the relationship between UPRmt and various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Ruikai Zong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Ke Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
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Wang C, Liu X, Shu Z, Yin J, Xiao M, Ai Y, Zhao P, Luo Z, Liu B. Exposure to automobile exhaust-derived PM2.5 induces spermatogenesis dysfunction by damaging UPR mt of prepubertal rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 245:114087. [PMID: 36122457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Automobile exhaust-derived particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) can cause spermatogenic cell damage, potentially resulting in male infertility. This study uses male prepubertal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to explore the molecular mechanisms by which automobile exhaust-derived PM2.5 causes spermatogenic cell damage and induces spermatogenesis dysfunction during sexual maturity by disrupting the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in spermatogenic cells. Male prepubertal SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (intratracheal instillation of normal saline), low-dose PM2.5 (5 mg/kg), high-dose PM2.5 (10 mg/kg), and PM2.5 10 mg/kg +Vit (100 mg/kg of vitamin C and 50 mg/kg of vitamin E). The rats were treated for four weeks, with five consecutive treatment days and two non-treatment days, followed by cohabitation. Testicular and epididymal tissues were harvested for analysis. The mitochondria in spermatogenic cells were observed under an electron microscope. UPRmt-, oxidative stress-, and apoptosis-related markers in spermatogenic cells were examined. Spermatogenic cell numbers and conception rate declined significantly with increasing PM2.5 dose, with their mitochondria becoming vacuolated, swollen, and degenerated to varying degrees. The apoptosis of spermatogenic cells was abnormally enhanced in PM2.5 exposed groups compared to the control group. Spermatogenic cell numbers of conception rate gradually recovered, mitochondrial damage in spermatogenic cells was alleviated, and spermatogenic cell apoptosis was significantly reduced after vitamin intervention. In addition, protein levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) were significantly lower, while those of Bcl2-associated X apoptosis regulator (Bax), cleaved caspase 3 (Casp3), and cytochrome c (Cyt-c) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher in the high-dose PM2.5 group than in the control group. The levels of UPRmt-related proteins C/EBP homologous protein (Chop), heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60), and activating transcription factors 4 (Atf4) and 5 (Atf5) were higher in the low-dose PM2.5 group, lower in the high-dose PM2.5 group, and gradually recovered in PM2.5 10 mg/kg +Vit group. Our results show that exposure to automobile exhaust-derived PM2.5 induces oxidative stress responses, leads to post-sexual maturation UPRmt dysfunction and mitochondrial impairment, and abnormally enhances spermatogenic cell apoptosis in prepubertal rats, resulting in male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Wang
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhen Shu
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Mingchen Xiao
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yaya Ai
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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Activation of the Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response: A New Therapeutic Target? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071611. [PMID: 35884915 PMCID: PMC9313171 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key hub that is common to many diseases. Mitochondria’s role in energy production, calcium homeostasis, and ROS balance makes them essential for cell survival and fitness. However, there are no effective treatments for most mitochondrial and related diseases to this day. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches, such as activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), are being examined. UPRmt englobes several compensation processes related to proteostasis and antioxidant mechanisms. UPRmt activation, through an hormetic response, promotes cell homeostasis and improves lifespan and disease conditions in biological models of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiopathies, and mitochondrial diseases. Although UPRmt activation is a promising therapeutic option for many conditions, its overactivation could lead to non-desired side effects, such as increased heteroplasmy of mitochondrial DNA mutations or cancer progression in oncologic patients. In this review, we present the most recent UPRmt activation therapeutic strategies, UPRmt’s role in diseases, and its possible negative consequences in particular pathological conditions.
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