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Lu Y, Sun J, Wang L, Wang M, Wu Y, Getachew A, Matthews RC, Li H, Peng WG, Zhang J, Lu R, Zhou Y. ELM2-SANT Domain-Containing Scaffolding Protein 1 Regulates Differentiation and Maturation of Cardiomyocytes Derived From Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034816. [PMID: 38904247 PMCID: PMC11255699 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.034816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ELMSAN1 (ELM2-SANT domain-containing scaffolding protein 1) is a newly identified scaffolding protein of the MiDAC (mitotic deacetylase complex), playing a pivotal role in early embryonic development. Studies on Elmsan1 knockout mice showed that its absence results in embryo lethality and heart malformation. However, the precise function of ELMSAN1 in heart development and formation remains elusive. To study its potential role in cardiac lineage, we employed human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to model early cardiogenesis and investigated the function of ELMSAN1. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated ELMSAN1-deficient hiPSCs through knockdown and knockout techniques. During cardiac differentiation, ELMSAN1 depletion inhibited pluripotency deactivation, decreased the expression of cardiac-specific markers, and reduced differentiation efficiency. The impaired expression of genes associated with contractile sarcomere structure, calcium handling, and ion channels was also noted in ELMSAN1-deficient cardiomyocytes derived from hiPSCs. Additionally, through a series of structural and functional assessments, we found that ELMSAN1-null hiPSC cardiomyocytes are immature, exhibiting incomplete sarcomere Z-line structure, decreased calcium handling, and impaired electrophysiological properties. Of note, we found that the cardiac-specific role of ELMSAN1 is likely associated with histone H3K27 acetylation level. The transcriptome analysis provided additional insights, indicating maturation reduction with the energy metabolism switch and restored cell proliferation in ELMSAN1 knockout cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we address the significance of the direct involvement of ELMSAN1 in the differentiation and maturation of hiPSC cardiomyocytes. We first report the impact of ELMSAN1 on multiple aspects of hiPSC cardiomyocyte generation, including cardiac differentiation, sarcomere formation, calcium handling, electrophysiological maturation, and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐An Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Jiacheng Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Meimei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Yalin Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Anteneh Getachew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Rachel C. Matthews
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - William Gao Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Heersink School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Rui Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Heersink School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, School of EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL
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Sinniah E, Wu Z, Shen S, Naval-Sanchez M, Chen X, Lim J, Helfer A, Iyer A, Tng J, Lucke AJ, Reid RC, Redd MA, Nefzger CM, Fairlie DP, Palpant NJ. Temporal perturbation of histone deacetylase activity reveals a requirement for HDAC1-3 in mesendoderm cell differentiation. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110818. [PMID: 35584683 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that control chromatin state and influence cell fate. We evaluated the chromatin accessibility and transcriptome dynamics of zinc-containing HDACs during cell differentiation in vitro coupled with chemical perturbation to identify the role of HDACs in mesendoderm cell fate specification. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses of HDAC expression during human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) differentiation in vitro and mouse gastrulation in vivo reveal a unique association of HDAC1 and -3 with mesendoderm gene programs during exit from pluripotency. Functional perturbation with small molecules reveals that inhibition of HDAC1 and -3, but not HDAC2, induces mesoderm while impeding endoderm and early cardiac progenitor specification. These data identify unique biological functions of the structurally homologous enzymes HDAC1-3 in influencing hPSC differentiation from pluripotency toward mesendodermal and cardiac progenitor populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi Sinniah
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhixuan Wu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sophie Shen
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marina Naval-Sanchez
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Junxian Lim
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Abbigail Helfer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Abishek Iyer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jiahui Tng
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lucke
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert C Reid
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Meredith A Redd
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christian M Nefzger
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nathan J Palpant
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Menden H, Xia S, Mabry SM, Noel-MacDonnell J, Rajasingh J, Ye SQ, Sampath V. Histone deacetylase 6 regulates endothelial MyD88-dependent canonical TLR signaling, lung inflammation, and alveolar remodeling in the developing lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L332-L346. [PMID: 31268348 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00247.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung endothelial cell (EC) immune activation during bacterial sepsis contributes to acute lung injury and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants. The epigenetic regulators of sepsis-induced endothelial immune activation, lung inflammation, and alveolar remodeling remain unclear. Herein, we examined the role of the cytoplasmic histone deacetylase, HDAC6, in regulating EC Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and modulating sepsis-induced lung injury in a neonatal model of sterile sepsis. In human primary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMEC), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MAPK, IKK-β, and p65 phosphorylation as well as inflammatory cytokine expression were exaggerated with the HDAC6 inhibitor tubastatin A, and by dominant-negative HDAC6 with a mutated catalytic domain 2. Expression of HDAC6 wild-type protein suppressed LPS-induced myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) acetylation, p65 (Lys310) acetylation, MyD88/TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) coimmunoprecipitation, and proinflammatory TLR4 signaling in HPMEC. In a neonatal mouse model of sepsis, the HDAC6 inhibitor tubastatin A amplified lung EC TLR4 signaling and vascular permeability. HDAC6 inhibition augmented LPS-induced MyD88 acetylation, MyD88/TRAF6 binding, p65 acetylation, canonical TLR4 signaling, and inflammation in the developing lung. Sepsis-induced decreases in the fibroblast growth factors FGF2 and FGF7 and increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 were worsened with HDAC6 inhibition, while elastin expression was equally suppressed. Exaggerated sepsis-induced acute lung inflammation observed with HDAC6 inhibition worsened alveolar simplification evidenced by increases in mean linear intercepts and decreased radial alveolar counts. Our studies reveal that HDAC6 is a constitutive negative regulator of cytoplasmic TLR4 signaling in EC and the developing lung. The therapeutic efficacy of augmenting HDAC6 activity in neonatal sepsis to prevent lung injury needs to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Menden
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Sheng Xia
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Sherry M Mabry
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Janelle Noel-MacDonnell
- Division of Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Johnson Rajasingh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Shui Qing Ye
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri at Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Venkatesh Sampath
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
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Spatial Determination of Neuronal Diversification in the Olfactory Epithelium. J Neurosci 2018; 39:814-832. [PMID: 30530861 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3594-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons in the murine olfactory epithelium (OE) differ by the olfactory receptor they express as well as other molecular phenotypes that are regionally restricted. These patterns can be precisely regenerated following epithelial injury, suggesting that spatial cues within the tissue can direct neuronal diversification. Nonetheless, the permanency and mechanism of this spatial patterning remain subject to debate. Via transplantation of stem and progenitor cells from dorsal OE into ventral OE, we demonstrate that, in mice of both sexes, nonautonomous spatial cues can direct the spatially circumscribed differentiation of olfactory sensory neurons. The vast majority of dorsal transplant-derived neurons express the ventral marker OCAM (NCAM2) and lose expression of NQO1 to match their new location. Single-cell analysis also demonstrates that OSNs adopt a fate defined by their new position following progenitor cell transplant, such that a ventral olfactory receptor is expressed after stem and progenitor cell engraftment. Thus, spatially constrained differentiation of olfactory sensory neurons is plastic, and any bias toward an epigenetic memory of place can be overcome.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Spatially restricted differentiation of olfactory sensory neurons is both key to normal olfactory function and a challenging example of biological specificity. That the stem cells of the olfactory epithelium reproduce the organization of the olfactory periphery to a very close approximation during lesion-induced regeneration begs the question of whether stem cell-autonomous genomic architecture or environmental cues are responsible. The plasticity demonstrated after transfer to a novel location suggests that cues external to the transplanted stem and progenitor cells confer neuronal identity. Thus, a necessary prerequisite is satisfied for using engraftment of olfactory stem and progenitor cells as a cellular therapeutic intervention to reinvigorate neurogenesis whose exhaustion contributes to the waning of olfaction with age.
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Micheu MM, Scarlatescu AI, Scafa-Udriste A, Dorobantu M. The Winding Road of Cardiac Regeneration-Stem Cell Omics in the Spotlight. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120255. [PMID: 30544622 PMCID: PMC6315576 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in treating ischemic cardiac disease and succeeding heart failure, there is still an unmet need to develop effective therapeutic strategies given the persistent high-mortality rate. Advances in stem cell biology hold great promise for regenerative medicine, particularly for cardiac regeneration. Various cell types have been used both in preclinical and clinical studies to repair the injured heart, either directly or indirectly. Transplanted cells may act in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner to improve the myocyte survival and migration of remote and/or resident stem cells to the site of injury. Still, the molecular mechanisms regulating cardiac protection and repair are poorly understood. Stem cell fate is directed by multifaceted interactions between genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Decoding stem cells’ “panomic” data would provide a comprehensive picture of the underlying mechanisms, resulting in patient-tailored therapy. This review offers a critical analysis of omics data in relation to stem cell survival and differentiation. Additionally, the emerging role of stem cell-derived exosomes as “cell-free” therapy is debated. Last but not least, we discuss the challenges to retrieve and analyze the huge amount of publicly available omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna Mihaela Micheu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alina Ioana Scarlatescu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Scafa-Udriste
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department 4-Cardiothoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria Dorobantu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department 4-Cardiothoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
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6
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Milan M, Pace V, Maiullari F, Chirivì M, Baci D, Maiullari S, Madaro L, Maccari S, Stati T, Marano G, Frati G, Puri PL, De Falco E, Bearzi C, Rizzi R. Givinostat reduces adverse cardiac remodeling through regulating fibroblasts activation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:108. [PMID: 29371598 PMCID: PMC5833837 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major burden on the healthcare system: indeed, over two million new cases are diagnosed every year worldwide. Unfortunately, important drawbacks for the treatment of these patients derive from our current inability to stop the structural alterations that lead to heart failure, the common endpoint of many CVDs. In this scenario, a better understanding of the role of epigenetics – hereditable changes of chromatin that do not alter the DNA sequence itself – is warranted. To date, hyperacetylation of histones has been reported in hypertension and myocardial infarction, but the use of inhibitors for treating CVDs remains limited. Here, we studied the effect of the histone deacetylase inhibitor Givinostat on a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction. We found that it contributes to decrease endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammation, reducing cardiac fibrosis and improving heart performance and protecting the blood vessels from apoptosis through the modulatory effect of cardiac fibroblasts on endothelial cells. Therefore, Givinostat may have potential for the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Milan
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Valentina Pace
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Fabio Maiullari
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy.,Operational Research Unit, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Giovanni Paolo II, Largo Gemelli 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maila Chirivì
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Silvia Maiullari
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Luca Madaro
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, 00142, Italy
| | - Sonia Maccari
- Centro di Riferimento per la Medicina di Genere Istituto Superiore di Sanità Viale Regina Elena, 299, Roma, Italy
| | - Tonino Stati
- Centro di Riferimento per la Medicina di Genere Istituto Superiore di Sanità Viale Regina Elena, 299, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Centro di Riferimento per la Medicina di Genere Istituto Superiore di Sanità Viale Regina Elena, 299, Roma, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy.,Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS NeuroMed, 86077, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Claudia Bearzi
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy.
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy. .,Operational Research Unit, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Giovanni Paolo II, Largo Gemelli 1, Campobasso, Italy.
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Deregulation of HDAC5 by Viral Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Plays an Essential Role in Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Induced Lymphangiogenesis. mBio 2018; 9:mBio.02217-17. [PMID: 29339432 PMCID: PMC5770555 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02217-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent for Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), which is one of the most common HIV-associated neoplasms. The endothelium is the thin layer of squamous cells where vascular blood endothelial cells (BECs) line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) are in direct contact with lymphatic vessels. The KS lesions contain a prominent compartment of neoplastic spindle morphology cells that are closely related to LECs. Furthermore, while KSHV can infect both LECs and BECs in vitro, its infection activates genetic programming related to lymphatic endothelial cell fate, suggesting that lymphangiogenic pathways are involved in KSHV infection and malignancy. Here, we report for the first time that viral interferon regulatory factor 3 (vIRF3) is readily detected in over 40% of KS lesions and that vIRF3 functions as a proangiogenic factor, inducing hypersprouting formation and abnormal growth in a LEC-specific manner. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that vIRF3 interacted with histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5), which is a signal-responsive regulator for vascular homeostasis. This interaction blocked the phosphorylation-dependent cytosolic translocation of HDAC5 and ultimately altered global gene expression in LECs but not in BECs. Consequently, vIRF3 robustly induced spindle morphology and hypersprouting formation of LECs but not BECs. Finally, KSHV infection led to the hypersprouting formation of LECs, whereas infection with a ΔvIRF3 mutant did not do so. Collectively, our data indicate that vIRF3 alters global gene expression and induces a hypersprouting formation in an HDAC5-binding-dependent and LEC-specific manner, ultimately contributing to KSHV-associated pathogenesis. Several lines of evidences indicate that KSHV infection of LECs induces pathological lymphangiogenesis and that the results resemble KS-like spindle morphology. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that KSHV vIRF3 is readily detected in over 40% of various KS lesions and functions as a potent prolymphangiogenic factor by blocking the phosphorylation-dependent cytosolic translocation of HDAC5, which in turn modulates global gene expression in LECs. Consequently, vIRF3-HDAC5 interaction contributes to virus-induced lymphangiogenesis. The results of this study suggest that KSHV vIRF3 plays a crucial role in KSHV-induced malignancy.
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Kietzmann T, Petry A, Shvetsova A, Gerhold JM, Görlach A. The epigenetic landscape related to reactive oxygen species formation in the cardiovascular system. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1533-1554. [PMID: 28332701 PMCID: PMC5446579 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can act as damaging molecules but also represent central hubs in cellular signalling networks. Increasing evidence indicates that ROS play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, although the underlying mechanisms and consequences of pathophysiologically elevated ROS in the cardiovascular system are still not completely resolved. More recently, alterations of the epigenetic landscape, which can affect DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, ATP-dependent alterations to chromatin and non-coding RNA transcripts, have been considered to be of increasing importance in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. While it has long been accepted that epigenetic changes are imprinted during development or even inherited and are not changed after reaching the lineage-specific expression profile, it becomes more and more clear that epigenetic modifications are highly dynamic. Thus, they might provide an important link between the actions of ROS and cardiovascular diseases. This review will provide an overview of the role of ROS in modulating the epigenetic landscape in the context of the cardiovascular system. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter OuluUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Andreas Petry
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric CardiologyGerman Heart Center Munich at the TU MunichMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Partner Site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
| | - Antonina Shvetsova
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter OuluUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Joachim M Gerhold
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Agnes Görlach
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric CardiologyGerman Heart Center Munich at the TU MunichMunichGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Partner Site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
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Bai X, Huang L, Hu K, Qu F. Inhibited proliferation of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells by xanthinol nicotinate. Med Biol Eng Comput 2016; 54:891-8. [PMID: 26718554 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-015-1438-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is a key event in the development of hypertension, instant restenosis and other cardiac disorders. Inhibition of this proliferation could lead to better prevention and treatment of these diseases. This study was designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of different concentrations of xanthinol nicotinate (XN) on human umbilical artery smooth muscle cell (HUASMC) proliferation in vitro. HUASMCs were cultured by the tissue adherent method, passaged three times, and then identified by immunohistochemistry. HUASMCs were then treated with different concentrations of XN (0, 2.76, 27.6 or 276 µM), and a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect the inhibition of HUASMC proliferation. The levels of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) mRNA and protein (PDGFR-β) were detected on the cell membrane of these treated HUASMCs using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. After culturing and passaging three times, 90 % of the cultured cells were identified as HUASMCs by immunohistochemistry. HUASMC proliferation was inhibited by XN in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Furthermore, XN dose-dependently decreased the PDGFR mRNA and PDGFR-β levels on the cell membranes of HUASMCs (P < 0.05). Thus, the results suggest that XN could become a potent therapeutic agent for regulating VSMC-associated vascular disease such as cardiovascular disease and restenosis after angioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, 270 Jianguo Street, Daoli District, Harbin, 150076, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Kejie Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fujun Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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