1
|
Gonçalves DLDR, Chang MR, Nobrega GD, Venancio FA, Higa Júnior MG, Fava WS. Hospital sewage in Brazil: a reservoir of multidrug-resistant carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e277750. [PMID: 38985067 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.277750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The One Health concept recognizes that human health is clearly linked to the health of animals and the environment. Infections caused by bacteria resistant to carbapenem antibiotics have become a major challenge in hospitals due to limited therapeutic options and consequent increase in mortality. In this study, we investigated the presence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in 84 effluent samples (42 from hospital and 42 from non-hospital) from Campo Grande, midwest Brazil. First, sewage samples were inoculated in a selective culture medium. Bacteria with reduced susceptibility to meropenem and ertapenem were then identified and their antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the Vitek-2 system. The blaKPC genes were detected using PCR and further confirmed by sequencing. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) were identified in both hospital (n=32) and non-hospital effluent (n=16), with the most common being Klebsiella pneumoniae and of the Enterobacter cloacae complex species. This is the first study to indicate the presence of the blaKPC-2 gene in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, classified as a critical priority by the WHO, in hospital sewage in this region. The dissemination of carbapenem antibiotic-resistant genes may be associated with clinical pathogens. Under favorable conditions and microbial loads, resistant bacteria and antimicrobial-resistance genes found in hospital sewage can disseminate into the environment, causing health problems. Therefore, sewage treatment regulations should be implemented to minimize the transfer of antimicrobial resistance from hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L D R Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Programa em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro Oeste, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - M R Chang
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Laboratório de Pesquisas Microbiológicas, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - G D Nobrega
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Laboratório de Pesquisas Microbiológicas, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - F A Venancio
- Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul - UEMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - M G Higa Júnior
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian - EBSERH, Comissão de Controle e Infecção Hospitalar, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - W S Fava
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kagambèga AB, Dembélé R, Bientz L, M’Zali F, Mayonnove L, Mohamed AH, Coulibaly H, Barro N, Dubois V. Detection and Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Hospital Effluents of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1494. [PMID: 37887195 PMCID: PMC10603891 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hospital wastewater is a recognized reservoir for resistant Gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to screen for carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and their resistance determinants in two hospital effluents of Ouagadougou. Carbapenem-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae were selectively isolated from wastewater collected from two public hospitals in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Bacterial species were identified via MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Carbapenemase production was studied phenotypically using antibiotic susceptibility testing via the disk diffusion method. The presence of carbapenemases was further characterized by PCR. A total of 14 E. coli (13.59%) and 19 K. pneumoniae (17.92%) carbapenemase-producing isolates were identified with different distributions. They were, respectively, blaNDM (71.43%), blaVIM (42.86%), blaIMP (28.57%), blaKPC (14.29%), blaOXA-48 (14.29%); and blaKPC (68.42%), blaNDM (68.42%), blaIMP (10.53%), blaVIM (10.53%), and blaOXA-48 (5.26%). In addition, eight (57.14%) E. coli and eleven (57.89%) K. pneumoniae isolates exhibited more than one carbapenemase, KPC and NDM being the most prevalent combination. Our results highlight the presence of clinically relevant carbapenemase-producing isolates in hospital effluents, suggesting their presence also in hospitals. Their spread into the environment via hospital effluents calls for intensive antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alix Bénédicte Kagambèga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Foodborne Bacteria and Viruses, University Joseph KI-ZERBO of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (A.H.M.); (H.C.); (N.B.)
| | - René Dembélé
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Foodborne Bacteria and Viruses, University Joseph KI-ZERBO of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (A.H.M.); (H.C.); (N.B.)
- Training and Research Unit in Applied Sciences and Technologies, University of Dedougou, Dedougou 03 BP 176, Burkina Faso
| | - Léa Bientz
- UMR 5234, CNRS, Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; (L.B.); (F.M.); (L.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Fatima M’Zali
- UMR 5234, CNRS, Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; (L.B.); (F.M.); (L.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Laure Mayonnove
- UMR 5234, CNRS, Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; (L.B.); (F.M.); (L.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Alassane Halawen Mohamed
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Foodborne Bacteria and Viruses, University Joseph KI-ZERBO of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (A.H.M.); (H.C.); (N.B.)
- Microbiology Laboratory of the General Reference Hospital (GRH), Niamey BP 12674, Niger
| | - Hiliassa Coulibaly
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Foodborne Bacteria and Viruses, University Joseph KI-ZERBO of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (A.H.M.); (H.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Nicolas Barro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Epidemiology and Surveillance of Foodborne Bacteria and Viruses, University Joseph KI-ZERBO of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (A.H.M.); (H.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Véronique Dubois
- UMR 5234, CNRS, Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; (L.B.); (F.M.); (L.M.); (V.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Souza ZN, de Moura DF, de Almeida Campos LA, Córdula CR, Cavalcanti IMF. Antibiotic resistance profiles on pathogenic bacteria in the Brazilian environments. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:185. [PMID: 37043091 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03524-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to elaborate a review of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in soil, food, aquatic environments, cattle, poultry, and swine farms in Brazil. Initially, the literature database for published papers from 2012 to 2023 was Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed), and Google Scholar, through the descriptors: antimicrobial resistance, resistance profile, multidrug resistance, environmental bacteria, and pathogenic bacteria. The studies demonstrated the prevalence of pathogenic and resistant bacteria in environments that favor their rapid dissemination. Bacteria of medical importance, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio spp., were present in samples from animal farms and foods, including cheese and milk, urban aquatic environments, hospital effluents, and shrimp farms. Studies suggested that important bacteria have been disseminated through different niches with easy contact with humans, animals, and food, demonstrating the danger of the emergence of increasingly difficult conditions for treating and controlling these infections. Thus, better understanding and characterizing the resistance profiles of bacteria in these regions, mainly referring to MDR bacteria, can help develop solutions to prevent the progression of this public health problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zion Nascimento de Souza
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Danielle Feijó de Moura
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, 55608-680, Brazil
| | - Luís André de Almeida Campos
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Carolina Ribeiro Córdula
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Academic Center of Vitória (CAV), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, 55608-680, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aquilano C, Baccari L, Caprari C, Divino F, Fantasma F, Saviano G, Ranalli G. Effects of EOs vs. Antibiotics on E. coli Strains Isolated from Drinking Waters of Grazing Animals in the Upper Molise Region, Italy. Molecules 2022; 27:8177. [PMID: 36500269 PMCID: PMC9741016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The health and safety of grazing animals was the subject of microbiological monitoring on natural source of drinking waters in the upper Molise region, Italy. Surface water samples, on spring-summer season, were collected and submitted to analyses using sterile membrane filtration, cultural medium, and incubation. The level of environmental microbial contamination (Total viable microbial count, yeasts and fungi) and faecal presence (Total and faecal coliforms, E. coli, and Salmonellae spp.) were carried out. By the selective microbiological screening, twenty-three E. coli strains from drinking waters were isolated and submitted to further studies to evaluate antibiotic resistance by antibiograms vs. three animal and two diffuse human antibiotics. Furthermore, after a fine chemical characterization by GC and GC-MS, three Essential Oils (EOs) of aromatic plants (Timus vulgaris, Melaleuca alternifolia, Cinnamomun verum) aromatograms were performed and results statistically compared. The effects of EOs vs. antibiotics on E. coli strains isolated from drinking waters showed a total absence of microbial resistance. In our experimental conditions, even if some suggestions will be further adopted for better managements of grazing animals, because the health and safety represent a guarantee for both animals and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giancarlo Ranalli
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, C. da Fonte Lappone snc, 86090 Pesche, IS, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rabaan AA, Eljaaly K, Alhumaid S, Albayat H, Al-Adsani W, Sabour AA, Alshiekheid MA, Al-Jishi JM, Khamis F, Alwarthan S, Alhajri M, Alfaraj AH, Tombuloglu H, Garout M, Alabdullah DM, Mohammed EAE, Yami FSA, Almuhtaresh HA, Livias KA, Mutair AA, Almushrif SA, Abusalah MAHA, Ahmed N. An Overview on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterisation of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1675. [PMID: 36422214 PMCID: PMC9696003 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Improper use of antimicrobials has resulted in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), including multi-drug resistance (MDR) among bacteria. Recently, a sudden increase in Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) has been observed. This presents a substantial challenge in the treatment of CRE-infected individuals. Bacterial plasmids include the genes for carbapenem resistance, which can also spread to other bacteria to make them resistant. The incidence of CRE is rising significantly despite the efforts of health authorities, clinicians, and scientists. Many genotypic and phenotypic techniques are available to identify CRE. However, effective identification requires the integration of two or more methods. Whole genome sequencing (WGS), an advanced molecular approach, helps identify new strains of CRE and screening of the patient population; however, WGS is challenging to apply in clinical settings due to the complexity and high expense involved with this technique. The current review highlights the molecular mechanism of development of Carbapenem resistance, the epidemiology of CRE infections, spread of CRE, treatment options, and the phenotypic/genotypic characterisation of CRE. The potential of microorganisms to acquire resistance against Carbapenems remains high, which can lead to even more susceptible drugs such as colistin and polymyxins. Hence, the current study recommends running the antibiotic stewardship programs at an institutional level to control the use of antibiotics and to reduce the spread of CRE worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Eljaaly
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Practice and Science Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85716, USA
| | - Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hawra Albayat
- Infectious Disease Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 7790, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasl Al-Adsani
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kuwait City 63537, Kuwait
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hampton Veterans Administration Medical Center, Hampton, VA 23667, USA
| | - Amal A. Sabour
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A. Alshiekheid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumana M. Al-Jishi
- Internal Medicine Department, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif 635342, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faryal Khamis
- Infection Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Royal Hospital, Muscat 1331, Oman
| | - Sara Alwarthan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Ammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael Alhajri
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Ammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal H. Alfaraj
- Pediatric Department, Abqaiq General Hospital, First Eastern Health Cluster, Abqaiq 33261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huseyin Tombuloglu
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Garout
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care for Pilgrims, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duaa M. Alabdullah
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Dammam Regional Laboratory and Blood Bank, Dammam 31411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elmoeiz Ali Elnagi Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah S. Al Yami
- Department of Medical Laboratory, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifa A. Almuhtaresh
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Services, Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam Health Network, Dammam 5343, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kovy Arteaga Livias
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 15001, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Huánuco 10000, Peru
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia
- College of Nursing, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, Wollongong University, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 33048, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shawqi A. Almushrif
- Department of Microbiology and Hematology Laboratory, Dammam Comprehensive Screening Centre, Dammam 31433, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bastidas-Caldes C, Romero-Alvarez D, Valdez-Vélez V, Morales RD, Montalvo-Hernández A, Gomes-Dias C, Calvopiña M. Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Producing Escherichia coli in South America: A Systematic Review with a One Health Perspective. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:5759-5779. [PMID: 36204394 PMCID: PMC9531622 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s371845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Bastidas-Caldes
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Doctoral Program in Public and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: Carlos Bastidas-Caldes, One Health Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, 170124, Ecuador, Tel +593 983 174949, Email
| | - Daniel Romero-Alvarez
- One Health Reserch Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Biodiversity Institute and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Victor Valdez-Vélez
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Roberto D Morales
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrés Montalvo-Hernández
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Cicero Gomes-Dias
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manuel Calvopiña
- One Health Reserch Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee MC, Chang H, Sun FJ, Wu AYJ, Lu CH, Lee CM. Association between Antimicrobial Consumption and the Prevalence of Nosocomial Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Taiwan. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:467-473. [PMID: 35895586 PMCID: PMC9393431 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-1242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales has become a threat in Taiwan. This is the first local study focusing on the association between carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales and antimicrobial consumption. From January 2012 to December 2020, data were collected in a tertiary care hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Antimicrobial consumption was estimated by the defined daily dose/1,000 patient-days. During the same period, the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) were collected through routine surveillance data. The following retrospective analyses were conducted: 1) analysis of antimicrobial consumption over time, (2) analysis and forecast of CREC and CRKP prevalence over time, and 3) analysis of correlation between antimicrobial consumption and the prevalence of CREC and CRKP. The consumption of piperacillin/tazobactam (β = 0.615), fluoroquinolones (β = 0.856), meropenem (β = 0.819), and doripenem (β = 0.891) increased during the observation period (P < 0.001), and the consumption of aminoglycosides (β = -0.852) and imipenem/cilastatin (β = -0.851) decreased (P < 0.001). The prevalence of CRKP rose over time (β = 0.522, P = 0.001) and correlated positively with the consumption of fluoroquinolones, levofloxacin, penicillin/β-lactamase inhibitor, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, and doripenem (P < 0.05). The prevalence of CRKP and CREC both correlated negatively with consumption of aminoglycosides (P < 0.01). The prevalence of CRKP in our hospital increased as the forecast predicted based on an autoregressive integrated moving average model. This study provides alarming messages for members participating in antimicrobial stewardship programs, including the increasing prevalence of CRKP, the increasing consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and the positive correlation between them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Nursing and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsun Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ju Sun
- Nursing and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alice Ying-Jung Wu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Lee
- Nursing and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Joseph’s Hospital, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ramalho R, Mezzomo LC, Machado W, da Silva Morais Hein C, Müller CZ, da Silva TCB, Jank L, Lamas AE, da Costa Ballestrin RA, Wink PL, Lima AAD, Corção G, Martins AF. The occurrence of antimicrobial residues and antimicrobial resistance genes in urban drinking water and sewage in Southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1483-1489. [PMID: 35764766 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently discussed as an important issue worldwide, and the presence of antimicrobial residues (ARs) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment, especially in the water sources, is a challenge for public health. This study was conducted to evaluate the occurrence and diversity of AR and ARG in water sources from an urban center, in Southern Brazil. A total of thirty-two water samples from drinking water treatment plants (24) and sewage systems (8) were collected during two annual samplings, winter and summer. The PCR was performed by 18 ARGs, and the detection of 47 ARs was performed by LC-MS/MS. All sewage samples presented carbapenemases, ESBL, and mcr-1 genes as well as quinolones and sulfamethoxazole residues. In drinking water, we just detected blaTEM and tetB genes and doxycycline residues in samples before treatment. This study provides data about AR and ARG in drinking water and sewage systems showing that these sources are important reservoirs of both. The limited effectiveness of wastewater treatment processes to remove mainly AR demonstrates the need to implement better protocols of disinfection, in order to limit the spread of AMR in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Ramalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisiane Cervieri Mezzomo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - William Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Microbiologia Agrícola E Do Ambiente, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Camila da Silva Morais Hein
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Microbiologia Agrícola E Do Ambiente, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Louise Jank
- Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária - LFDA/RS, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento,, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Priscila Lamb Wink
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Resistência Bacteriana, LABRESIS, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Gertrudes Corção
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Microbiologia Agrícola E Do Ambiente, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andreza Francisco Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Microbiologia Agrícola E Do Ambiente, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Resistência Bacteriana, LABRESIS, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kusi J, Ojewole CO, Ojewole AE, Nwi-Mozu I. Antimicrobial Resistance Development Pathways in Surface Waters and Public Health Implications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:821. [PMID: 35740227 PMCID: PMC9219700 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human health is threatened by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their related infections, which cause thousands of human deaths every year worldwide. Surface waters are vulnerable to human activities and natural processes that facilitate the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. This study evaluated the pathways and drivers of antimicrobial resistance (AR) in surface waters. We analyzed antibiotic resistance healthcare-associated infection (HAI) data reported to the CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network to determine the number of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and their isolates detected in healthcare facilities. Ten pathogens and their isolates associated with HAIs tested resistant to the selected antibiotics, indicating the role of healthcare facilities in antimicrobial resistance in the environment. The analyzed data and literature research revealed that healthcare facilities, wastewater, agricultural settings, food, and wildlife populations serve as the major vehicles for AR in surface waters. Antibiotic residues, heavy metals, natural processes, and climate change were identified as the drivers of antimicrobial resistance in the aquatic environment. Food and animal handlers have a higher risk of exposure to resistant pathogens through ingestion and direct contact compared with the general population. The AR threat to public health may grow as pathogens in aquatic systems adjust to antibiotic residues, contaminants, and climate change effects. The unnecessary use of antibiotics increases the risk of AR, and the public should be encouraged to practice antibiotic stewardship to decrease the risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kusi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 44 Circle Drive, Campus Box 1099, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA; (C.O.O.); (A.E.O.)
| | - Catherine Oluwalopeye Ojewole
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 44 Circle Drive, Campus Box 1099, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA; (C.O.O.); (A.E.O.)
| | - Akinloye Emmanuel Ojewole
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 44 Circle Drive, Campus Box 1099, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA; (C.O.O.); (A.E.O.)
| | - Isaac Nwi-Mozu
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, CA 92866, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Paruch L. Molecular Diagnostic Tools Applied for Assessing Microbial Water Quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5128. [PMID: 35564522 PMCID: PMC9105083 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microbial water quality is of vital importance for human, animal, and environmental health. Notably, pathogenically contaminated water can result in serious health problems, such as waterborne outbreaks, which have caused huge economic and social losses. In this context, the prompt detection of microbial contamination becomes essential to enable early warning and timely reaction with proper interventions. Recently, molecular diagnostics have been increasingly employed for the rapid and robust assessment of microbial water quality implicated by various microbial pollutants, e.g., waterborne pathogens and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs), imposing the most critical health threats to humans and the environment. Continuous technological advances have led to constant improvements and expansions of molecular methods, such as conventional end-point PCR, DNA microarray, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), multiplex qPCR (mqPCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), digital droplet PCR (ddPCR), and high-throughput next-generation DNA sequencing (HT-NGS). These state-of-the-art molecular approaches largely facilitate the surveillance of microbial water quality in diverse aquatic systems and wastewater. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the advancement of the key molecular tools frequently employed for microbial water quality assessment, with future perspectives on their applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Paruch
- Division of Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research-NIBIO Oluf Thesens vei 43, 1433 Aas, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anthropogenic Activities and the Problem of Antibiotic Resistance in Latin America: A Water Issue. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13192693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics revolutionized modern medicine and have been an excellent tool to fight infections. However, their overuse and misuse in different human activities such as health care, food production and agriculture has resulted in a global antimicrobial resistance crisis. Some regions such as Latin America present a more complex scenario because of the lack of resources, systematic studies and legislation to control the use of antimicrobials, thus increasing the spread of antibiotic resistance. This review aims to summarize the state of environmental antibiotic resistance in Latin America, focusing on water resources. Three databases were searched to identify publications on antimicrobial resistance and anthropogenic activities in relation to natural and artificial water ecosystems. We found that antibiotic resistant bacteria, mainly against beta lactam antibiotics, have been reported in several Latin American countries, and that resistant bacteria as well as resistant genes can be isolated from a wide variety of aquatic environments, including drinking, surface, irrigation, sea and wastewater. It is urgent to establish policies and regulations for antibiotic use to prevent the increase of multi-drug resistant microorganisms in the environment.
Collapse
|
12
|
Esposito F, Cardoso B, Fontana H, Fuga B, Cardenas-Arias A, Moura Q, Fuentes-Castillo D, Lincopan N. Genomic Analysis of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Urban Rivers Confirms Spread of Clone Sequence Type 277 Carrying Broad Resistome and Virulome Beyond the Hospital. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:701921. [PMID: 34539602 PMCID: PMC8446631 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.701921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissemination of antibiotic-resistant priority pathogens beyond hospital settings is both a public health and an environmental problem. In this regard, high-risk clones exhibiting a multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotype have shown rapid adaptation at the human-animal-environment interface. In this study, we report genomic data and the virulence potential of the carbapenemase, São Paulo metallo-β-lactamase (SPM-1)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains (Pa19 and Pa151) isolated from polluted urban rivers, in Brazil. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a wide resistome to clinically relevant antibiotics (carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fosfomycin, sulfonamides, phenicols, and fluoroquinolones), biocides (quaternary ammonium compounds) and heavy metals (copper), whereas the presence of exotoxin A, alginate, quorum sensing, types II, III, and IV secretion systems, colicin, and pyocin encoding virulence genes was associated with a highly virulent behavior in the Galleria mellonella infection model. These results confirm the spread of healthcare-associated critical-priority P. aeruginosa belonging to the MDR sequence type 277 (ST277) clone beyond the hospital, highlighting that the presence of these pathogens in environmental water samples can have clinical implications for humans and other animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Esposito
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brenda Cardoso
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Herrison Fontana
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fuga
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Cardenas-Arias
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Quézia Moura
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Espírito Santo, Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Danny Fuentes-Castillo
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- One Health Brazilian Resistance Project (OneBR), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Matlock W, Chau KK, AbuOun M, Stubberfield E, Barker L, Kavanagh J, Pickford H, Gilson D, Smith RP, Gweon HS, Hoosdally SJ, Swann J, Sebra R, Bailey MJ, Peto TEA, Crook DW, Anjum MF, Read DS, Walker AS, Stoesser N, Shaw LP. Genomic network analysis of environmental and livestock F-type plasmid populations. THE ISME JOURNAL 2021; 15:2322-2335. [PMID: 33649550 PMCID: PMC8319146 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-00926-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
F-type plasmids are diverse and of great clinical significance, often carrying genes conferring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) such as extended-spectrum β-lactamases, particularly in Enterobacterales. Organising this plasmid diversity is challenging, and current knowledge is largely based on plasmids from clinical settings. Here, we present a network community analysis of a large survey of F-type plasmids from environmental (influent, effluent and upstream/downstream waterways surrounding wastewater treatment works) and livestock settings. We use a tractable and scalable methodology to examine the relationship between plasmid metadata and network communities. This reveals how niche (sampling compartment and host genera) partition and shape plasmid diversity. We also perform pangenome-style analyses on network communities. We show that such communities define unique combinations of core genes, with limited overlap. Building plasmid phylogenies based on alignments of these core genes, we demonstrate that plasmid accessory function is closely linked to core gene content. Taken together, our results suggest that stable F-type plasmid backbone structures can persist in environmental settings while allowing dramatic variation in accessory gene content that may be linked to niche adaptation. The association of F-type plasmids with AMR may reflect their suitability for rapid niche adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Matlock
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Kevin K Chau
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Manal AbuOun
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, Addlestone, UK
| | | | - Leanne Barker
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Kavanagh
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hayleah Pickford
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel Gilson
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, Addlestone, UK
| | | | - H Soon Gweon
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, UK
- University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | - Jeremy Swann
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robert Sebra
- Icahn Institute of Data Science and Genomic Technology, Mt Sinai, NY, USA
| | | | - Timothy E A Peto
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR HPRU in Healthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Derrick W Crook
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR HPRU in Healthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Muna F Anjum
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, Addlestone, UK
| | | | - A Sarah Walker
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR HPRU in Healthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicole Stoesser
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR HPRU in Healthcare-Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Liam P Shaw
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ginn O, Berendes D, Wood A, Bivins A, Rocha-Melogno L, Deshusses MA, Tripathi SN, Bergin MH, Brown J. Open Waste Canals as Potential Sources of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Aerosols in Urban Kanpur, India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 104:1761-1767. [PMID: 33684068 PMCID: PMC8103454 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the movement of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment is critical to managing their spread. To assess potential ARG transport through the air via urban bioaerosols in cities with poor sanitation, we quantified ARGs and a mobile integron (MI) in ambient air over periods spanning rainy and dry seasons in Kanpur, India (n = 53), where open wastewater canals (OWCs) are prevalent. Gene targets represented major antibiotic groups-tetracyclines (tetA), fluoroquinolines (qnrB), and beta-lactams (blaTEM)-and a class 1 mobile integron (intI1). Over half of air samples located near, and up to 1 km from OWCs with fecal contamination (n = 45) in Kanpur had detectable targets above the experimentally determined limits of detection (LOD): most commonly intI1 and tetA (56% and 51% of samples, respectively), followed by blaTEM (8.9%) and qnrB (0%). ARG and MI densities in these positive air samples ranged from 6.9 × 101 to 5.2 × 103 gene copies/m3 air. Most (7/8) control samples collected 1 km away from OWCs were negative for any targets. In comparing experimental samples with control samples, we found that intI1 and tetA densities in air are significantly higher (P = 0.04 and P = 0.01, respectively, alpha = 0.05) near laboratory-confirmed fecal contaminated waters than at the control site. These data suggest increased densities of ARGs and MIs in bioaerosols in urban environments with inadequate sanitation. In such settings, aerosols may play a role in the spread of AR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Ginn
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David Berendes
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anna Wood
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Science, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Aaron Bivins
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lucas Rocha-Melogno
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Marc A. Deshusses
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sachchida N. Tripathi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Michael H. Bergin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joe Brown
- Deparment of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Address correspondence to Joe Brown, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Dr., Chapel Hill, NC 27599. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Moretto VT, Cordeiro SM, Bartley PS, Silva LK, Ponce-Terashima R, Reis MG, Blanton RE, Barbosa LM. Antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteria in surface waters with fecal contamination from urban and rural communities. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2021; 54:S0037-86822021000100631. [PMID: 33681934 PMCID: PMC8008923 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0724-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Inadequate wastewater treatment and fecal contamination have a strong environmental impact on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study evaluated the profile of AMR enterobacteria and fecal contamination from four surface waters: Jiquiriça-Brejões River and Cabrito, Tororó, and Abaeté Lagoons. METHODS: We analyzed AMR β-lactamase genes using the polymerase chain reaction method and fecal contamination using Coliscan®. RESULTS: We found high levels of fecal contamination, β-lactamase producers, and AMR genes (blaOXA-48, blaSPM, and blaVIM) in all waterbodies. CONCLUSIONS: Poor sanitation evidenced by fecal contamination and human activities around these surface waters contributed to the distribution and increase in AMR enterobacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Tibolla Moretto
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Celular, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | | | | | - Luciano Kalabric Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Celular, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Rafael Ponce-Terashima
- Mercer University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Macon, Georgia, USA
| | - Mitermayer Galvão Reis
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Celular, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Yale University, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ronald Edward Blanton
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Department of Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Lúcio Macedo Barbosa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Patologia e Biologia Celular, Salvador, BA, Brasil.,Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sánchez-Baena AM, Caicedo-Bejarano LD, Chávez-Vivas M. Structure of Bacterial Community with Resistance to Antibiotics in Aquatic Environments. A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2348. [PMID: 33673692 PMCID: PMC7957730 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic environments have been affected by the increase in bacterial resistant to antibiotics. The aim of this review is to describe the studies carried out in relation to the bacterial population structure and antibiotic resistance genes in natural and artificial water systems. We performed a systematic review based on the PRISMA guideline (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes). Articles were collected from scientific databases between January 2010 and December 2020. Sixty-eight papers meeting the inclusion criteria, i.e., "reporting the water bacterial community composition", "resistance to antibiotics", and "antibiotic resistance genes (ARG)", were evaluated according to pre-defined validity criteria. The results indicate that the predominant phyla were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in natural and artificial water systems. Gram-negative bacteria of the family Enterobacteraceae with resistance to antibiotics are commonly reported in drinking water and in natural water systems. The ARGs mainly reported were those that confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, macrolides and tetracycline. The high influence of anthropogenic activity in the environment is evidenced. The antibiotic resistance genes that are mainly reported in the urban areas of the world are those that confer resistance to the antibiotics that are most used in clinical practice, which constitutes a problem for human and animal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Sánchez-Baena
- Department of Natural Sciences, Exact and Statistics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Campus Pampalinda, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali Calle 5 # 62-00, Colombia;
| | - Luz Dary Caicedo-Bejarano
- Department of Natural Sciences, Exact and Statistics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Campus Pampalinda, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali Calle 5 # 62-00, Colombia;
| | - Mónica Chávez-Vivas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Campus Pampalinda, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali Calle 5 # 62-00, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aljaafari MN, AlAli AO, Baqais L, Alqubaisy M, AlAli M, Molouki A, Ong-Abdullah J, Abushelaibi A, Lai KS, Lim SHE. An Overview of the Potential Therapeutic Applications of Essential Oils. Molecules 2021; 26:628. [PMID: 33530290 PMCID: PMC7866131 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has urged researchers to explore therapeutic alternatives, one of which includes the use of natural plant products such as essential oils (EO). In fact, EO obtained from clove, oregano, thymus, cinnamon bark, rosemary, eucalyptus, and lavender have been shown to present significant inhibitory effects on bacteria, fungi, and viruses; many studies have been done to measure EO efficacy against microorganisms. The strategy of combinatory effects via conventional and non-conventional methods revealed that the combined effects of EO-EO or EO-antibiotic exhibit enhanced efficacy. This paper aims to review the antimicrobial effects of EO, modes of EO action (membrane disruption, efflux inhibition, increase membrane permeability, and decrease in intracellular ATP), and their compounds' potential as effective agents against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. It is hoped that the integration of EO applications in this work can be used to consider EO for future clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Nasser Aljaafari
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE; (M.N.A.); (A.O.A.); (L.B.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Asma Obaid AlAli
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE; (M.N.A.); (A.O.A.); (L.B.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Laila Baqais
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE; (M.N.A.); (A.O.A.); (L.B.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Maream Alqubaisy
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE; (M.N.A.); (A.O.A.); (L.B.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Mudhi AlAli
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE; (M.N.A.); (A.O.A.); (L.B.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Aidin Molouki
- Department of Avian Disease Research and Diagnostic, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31585-854, Iran;
| | - Janna Ong-Abdullah
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia;
| | | | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE; (M.N.A.); (A.O.A.); (L.B.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Swee-Hua Erin Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE; (M.N.A.); (A.O.A.); (L.B.); (M.A.); (M.A.); (K.-S.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Salomão MC, Freire MP, Boszczowski I, Raymundo SF, Guedes AR, Levin AS. Increased Risk for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Colonization in Intensive Care Units after Hospitalization in Emergency Department. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 26:1156-1163. [PMID: 32267827 PMCID: PMC7258474 DOI: 10.3201/eid2606.190965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) colonization is common in hospital patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) from the emergency department. We evaluated the effect of previous hospitalization in the emergency department on CRE colonization at ICU admission. Our case–control study included 103 cases and 201 controls; cases were patients colonized by CRE at admission to ICU and controls were patients admitted to ICU and not colonized. Risk factors were emergency department stay, use of carbapenem, Simplified Acute Physiology Score, upper digestive endoscopy, and transfer from another hospital. We found that ED stay before ICU admission was associated with CRE colonization at admission to the ICU. Our findings indicate that addressing infection control problems in EDs will help to control carbapenem resistance in ICUs.
Collapse
|
19
|
Occurrence and Characteristics of Mobile Colistin Resistance ( mcr) Gene-Containing Isolates from the Environment: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17031028. [PMID: 32041167 PMCID: PMC7036836 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and spread of mobile colistin (COL) resistance (mcr) genes jeopardize the efficacy of COL, a last resort antibiotic for treating deadly infections. COL has been used in livestock for decades globally. Bacteria have mobilized mcr genes (mcr-1 to mcr-9). Mcr-gene-containing bacteria (MGCB) have disseminated by horizontal/lateral transfer into diverse ecosystems, including aquatic, soil, botanical, wildlife, animal environment, and public places. The mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-5, mcr-7, and mcr-8 have been detected in isolates from and/or directly in environmental samples. These genes are harboured by Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Kluyvera, Aeromonas, Providencia, and Raulotella isolates. Different conjugative and non-conjugative plasmids form the backbones for mcr in these isolates, but mcr have also been integrated into the chromosome of some strains. Insertion sequences (IS) (especially ISApl1) located upstream or downstream of mcr, class 1–3 integrons, and transposons are other drivers of mcr in the environment. Genes encoding multi-/extensive-drug resistance and virulence are often co-located with mcr on plasmids in environmental isolates. Transmission of mcr to/among environmental strains is clonally unrestricted. Contact with the mcr-containing reservoirs, consumption of contaminated animal-/plant-based foods or water, international animal-/plant-based food trades and travel, are routes for transmission of MGCB.
Collapse
|