1
|
Braz Pauli F, Júnior VS, Mesquita RW, Welter Wendt G, Cezar Nunes Fortes P, Harapan H, Defante Ferreto LE. Gestational syphilis in a tertiary health service in Paraná, Brazil: A case-control study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305525. [PMID: 39116054 PMCID: PMC11309417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 10-12 million new syphilis infections occur annually worldwide, including in pregnant women. This study identified the factors associated with syphilis in pregnant women admitted to a tertiary maternity ward in the State of Paraná, Brazil. This is an ambispective, paired case-control study (1:2 ratio) conducted from September 2020 to October 2021. Pregnant patients (n = 93) admitted to the maternity ward, who were tested with the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and rapid reagent test, were compared with 186 controls, matched by age and period of hospital admission. Sociodemographic, behavioral, prenatal, and maternity healthcare information was collected through interviews. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results showed that race/skin color other than white (OR: 2.12; 95%CI: 1.19-3.80; p < 0.001), having more than one sexual partner (OR: 3.69; 95%CI: 1.70-8.00; p = 0.001), being a former smoker (OR: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.07-4.01; p = 0.030) and a current smoker (OR: 4.31; 95%CI: 1.55-11.98; p = 0.005), as well as having a history of sexually transmitted infections (OR: 10.87; 95%CI: 4.04-29.27; p < 0.0.01) were risk factors for gestational syphilis. In summary, the study indicated that sociodemographic, behavioral, and healthcare-related variables were associated with gestational syphilis. Therefore, practitioners could benefit from incorporating these factors to deliver evidence-based treatment for gestational syphilis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Braz Pauli
- Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Valdir Spada Júnior
- Health Sciences Center, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Renan William Mesquita
- Health Sciences Center, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Welter Wendt
- Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | | | - Harapan Harapan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Lirane Elize Defante Ferreto
- Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lara-Escandell M, Gamberini C, Juliana NC, Al-Nasiry S, Morré SA, Ambrosino E. The association between non-viral sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy outcome in Latin America and the Caribbean: A systematic review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23338. [PMID: 38187347 PMCID: PMC10767377 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-viral sexually transmitted infections are known to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. For these pathogens, standard antenatal screening is not broadly performed in Latin America and the Caribbean. The aim of this study was to comprehensively review the association of non-viral sexually transmitted infections and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women in the region. Methods Four databases (PubMed, Embase, SciELO and LILACS) were examined to identify eligible studies published up to September 2022. English or Spanish cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies assessing the association of non-viral sexually transmitted infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. Articles were firstly screened by means of title and abstract. Potential articles were fully read and assessed for inclusion according to the eligibility criteria. Snowballing search was performed by screening of bibliographies of the chosen potentially relevant papers. Risk of bias within studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute reviewer's manual. Results A selection of 10 out of 9772 search records from five Latin America and the Caribbean countries were included. Six studies associated Treponema pallidum infection with preterm birth (1/6), history of previous spontaneous abortion (2/6), fetal and infant death (1/6), low birth weight (1/6) and funisitis of the umbilical cord (1/6). Three studies associated Chlamydia trachomatis infection with preterm birth (2/3), ectopic pregnancy (1/3) and respiratory symptoms on the newborn (1/3). One study associated Mycoplasma genitalium infection with preterm birth. Conclusion This review provides evidence on the association of non-viral sexually transmitted infections with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further investigation is needed to establish more associations between non-viral sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy outcome, especially for Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Overall, this review calls for more research for public health interventions to promote screening of non-viral sexually transmitted infections during pregnancy, among high-risk population groups of pregnant women living in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lara-Escandell
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carlotta Gamberini
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Naomi C.A. Juliana
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Salwan Al-Nasiry
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Servaas A. Morré
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad 211007, UP, India
- Dutch Chlamydia Trachomatis Reference Laboratory on Behalf of the Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Elena Ambrosino
- Institute for Public Health Genomics (IPHG), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research School GROW for Oncology and Reproduction, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Armini LN, Setiawati EP, Arisanti N, Hilmanto D. Evaluation of Process Indicators and Challenges of the Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B in Bali Province, Indonesia (2019-2022): A Mixed Methods Study. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:492. [PMID: 37999611 PMCID: PMC10674447 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8110492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to describe the prevalence of and evaluate the processes and challenges in implementing the elimination of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B transmission from mother to child in Bali Province, Indonesia. METHODS The research method used is a descriptive approach using indicators and a set of processes by the WHO, quantitative methods using descriptive analysis, and qualitative methods using phenomenological paradigms through in-depth interviews and FGD with healthcare professionals involved in the elimination of mother-to-child transmission (EMTCT) program. RESULTS The indicators that have successfully met the target for 4 years are antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage in Badung District (≥95%) and ANC coverage (at least one visit) in Buleleng District (≥95%). The study found low prevalence rates of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B among pregnant women in the three districts. There are some indicators that show improvement from 2019 to 2022, namely, syphilis (60.44% to 86.98%) and hepatitis B (29.03% to 95.35%) screening coverage showed improvements, with increasing screening rates observed in Buleleng District. However, adequate treatment coverage for pregnant women with syphilis decreased in Denpasar City in 2022 compared to 2019 (100% to 71.28%). Despite data on hepatitis B treatment being unavailable, hepatitis B vaccination coverage exceeded the WHO target in all three districts. The utilization of the information system is not yet optimal, and there is a lack of ability to track cases. Furthermore, there is insufficient involvement of the private sector, particularly in screening, and a lack of standardized procedures in the management of referrals for pregnant women with hepatitis B. CONCLUSION The prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B among pregnant women has consistently remained below the Ministry of Health's target for four years. Despite this, there are a lot of targets, and the indicator EMTCT process has yet to reach the WHO target. The challenges for each district in reaching the WHO target include providing syphilis and hepatitis B reagents and benzatine penicillin; increasing private sector involvement; and strengthening information systems, policies, and guidelines for the management of hepatitis B among pregnant women in line with WHO recommendations to achieve EMTCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luh Nik Armini
- Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
- Midwifery Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Bali 81116, Indonesia
| | - Elsa Pudji Setiawati
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Nita Arisanti
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Dany Hilmanto
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rojas-Gulloso A, Sánchez-Lerma L, Montilla M, Morales-Pulecio F, Sarmiento-Rudolf E, Tapia-Reales R. Infectious diseases in migrant pregnant women from an area of the Colombian Caribbean. Travel Med Infect Dis 2023; 55:102629. [PMID: 37586652 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human migration is an activity that affects society in economic and political aspects and as a social determinant because of its differential impact on individual's health. OBJECTIVE To describe the situation of health and infectious diseases of vertical transmission risk in migrant pregnant women from an area of the Colombian Caribbean from 2019 to 2021. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on pregnant irregular migrants in the Riohacha and Santa Marta municipalities in Colombia. Hemogram, uranalysis, toxoplasma, FTA-ABS, VDRL, rubella, hepatitis B, HIV (TORCHs), vaginal swab, basal glycemia, and transaminases, among other paraclinical tests, were done on pregnant women. Data was arranged, tabulated, and analyzed in SPSS v.23.0. A descriptive statistical analysis with measures of central tendency and dispersion for quantitative variables, and proportions analysis was done for qualitative variables. RESULTS A total of 555 clinical records were analyzed. Of the infectious agents with a risk of vertical transmission, syphilis was the most frequent with 3.6%. Regarding toxoplasmosis, 2.5% were IgM-positive. 4.2% of the pregnant women had IgG antibodies against Rubella and 2 women showed antibodies against HIV. CONCLUSIONS Our results reflect the need for the implementation of educational, prevention, and detection health programs with the aim to decrease the number of prenatal infections in the pregnant migrant population for preventing fatal complications both in mothers and newborns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Rojas-Gulloso
- Grupo de Investigación de Ciencias y Pedagogía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia.
| | - L Sánchez-Lerma
- Grupo de Investigación de Villavicencio-GRIVI, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
| | - Marcela Montilla
- Grupo de Investigación de Villavicencio-GRIVI, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
| | - F Morales-Pulecio
- Malteser International America, agencia de ayuda humanitaria de la orden de Malta, Riohacha, La Guajira, Colombia
| | - E Sarmiento-Rudolf
- Malteser International America, agencia de ayuda humanitaria de la orden de Malta, Riohacha, La Guajira, Colombia
| | - Ricardo Tapia-Reales
- Malteser International America, agencia de ayuda humanitaria de la orden de Malta, Riohacha, La Guajira, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Soares JAS, Holzmann APF, Alves BBDS, Lima CFQ, Caldeira AP. Congenital syphilis: associated factors in a follow-up outpatient clinic. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2023; 41:e2022049. [PMID: 37255107 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2022049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the characteristics of mothers and children assisted in a follow-up clinic for congenital syphilis and identify the factors associated with the confirmation of the diagnosis. METHODS This is a prospective study conducted from 2016 to 2019 in Montes Claros, Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Specific forms addressing maternal sociodemographic, behavioral, and lifestyle habit characteristics, as well as characteristics related to access to healthcare, were used. Hierarchical Poisson regression analysis was performed to define the factors associated with diagnostic confirmation, including the calculation of the prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS A total of 200 binomials (mother-child) who attended at least one appointment as part of the follow-up after discharge from the maternity hospital were eligible for the study. The mothers were mostly young (79.0%), with a low educational level (43.0%), and black (89.5%). Nearly half of the mothers reported not having a steady sexual partner (42.5%). About a quarter attended less than six prenatal appointments (27.5%). Nearly half did not treat the disease adequately during pregnancy (24.5%). The diagnosis of congenital syphilis was confirmed for 116 children. The following factors were associated with the diagnostic confirmation after multiple analyses: low maternal educational level (PR 1.30; 95%CI 1.05-1.60), maternal risky sexual behavior (PR 1.34; 95%CI 1.07-1.66), inadequate treatment of the mother (PR 3.16; 95%CI 2.42-4.47), and lack of treatment of the partner (PR 1.44; 95%CI 1,18-1.81). CONCLUSIONS Syphilis remains a major challenge. The results highlight the social inequities associated with congenital syphilis and the lack of proper management of pregnant women and their partners.
Collapse
|
6
|
Brito T, Lima T, Cunha-Oliveira A, Noronha A, Brito C, Farias F, Morais S, Paiva J, Honorato C, Queirós P, Gómez-Cantarino S, Lucena M, Valentim R. Salus Platform: A Digital Health Solution Tool for Managing Syphilis Cases in Brazil-A Comparative Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5258. [PMID: 37047873 PMCID: PMC10094047 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that constitutes a serious public health problem in Brazil and worldwide; (2) Methods: This was a descriptive and exploratory study that sought to analyze and compare the characteristics of Brazilian health systems with a new platform (Salus) developed by the Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health in the scope of notification and management of disease data, including syphilis. In addition, this analysis aimed to assess whether Salus fully meets the necessary data management fields and can be indicated as a tool to improve health management in the context of syphilis in Brazil. (3) Results: In this study, the Salus functionalities were demonstrated and compared with the current Brazilian systems by discovering the existing gaps in the evaluated systems. The gaps found may explain the delay in meeting demands, the difficulty of making routine therapeutic follow-ups, in addition to interference with the vital purpose of follow-up in the epidemiological surveillance of diseases. As a result, Salus demonstrates functionalities that surpass all others and meet case management demands in a superior way to the systems currently used in the country. (4) Conclusions: The Brazilian health information systems related to the response to syphilis do not fulfill the purpose for which they were developed. Instead, they contribute to the fragmentation of health data and information, delays in diagnosis, incomplete case management, and loss of data due to inconsistencies and inadequate reporting. In addition, they are systems without interconnection, which do not articulate epidemiological surveillance actions with primary health care. All these factors may be obscuring accurate data on syphilis in Brazil, resulting in high and unnecessary public spending and late care for users of the Unified Health System (SUS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talita Brito
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Thaísa Lima
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Ministry of Health, Esplanada dos Ministérios, Block G, Headquarters Building, Brasília 70058-900, Brazil
| | - Aliete Cunha-Oliveira
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies of the 20th Century (CEIS-20), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André Noronha
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Cintia Brito
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife 52012-570, Brazil
| | - Fernando Farias
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Sergipe, Aracaju 49680-000, Brazil
| | - Sedir Morais
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Jailton Paiva
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59015-000, Brazil
| | - Cintia Honorato
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Hospital of State Servers, Rio de Janeiro 20221-161, Brazil
| | - Paulo Queirós
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sagrario Gómez-Cantarino
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Campus Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Márcia Lucena
- Department of Informatics and Applied Mathematics (DIMAP), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59077-080, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jeevanandham P, Ambooken B, Asokan N, Salam SA, Venugopal R. Syphilis in the era of re-emergence: A 6-year retrospective study from a tertiary care center in South India. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2022; 43:165-169. [PMID: 36743103 PMCID: PMC9891025 DOI: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_109_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the last several years, we have observed a rise in the number of patients with syphilis in our center. Aims To find out the trends in the presentation of syphilis to our clinic over a 6-year period and to analyze the clinicoepidemiological features of those patients. Settings and Design A retrospective chart review. Subjects and Methods We analyzed the case records of all cases of syphilis registered in our sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic from October 1, 2012, to September 30, 2018. Syphilis was diagnosed based on clinical or serological evidence. We also evaluated these patients for any concomitant STI, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Statistical Analysis Used The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20). Chi-square test was done for comparing categorical data, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results During the study period, 215 patients with STI attended our clinic. Of these, 66 (31%) patients had acquired syphilis. Among them, 3 (4.5%) had primary syphilis, 23 (34.8%) had secondary syphilis, and 40 (60.6%) had latent syphilis. Fifteen (22.7%) patients had concomitant HIV infection. A statistically significant rise in the number of cases of syphilis compared with other STIs was noted in the latter half of the study period (P = 0.001). Among the 50 males with acquired syphilis, 29 (58%) were men having sex with men (MSM), including 19 bisexual persons. Among the five antenatal cases, two were detected very late in pregnancy. Conclusions We observed a marked increase in the number of cases of syphilis during the latter half of the study period. Primary and secondary syphilis were more frequent among MSM, suggesting a need to strengthen targeted intervention programs among them. More rigorous antenatal screening is necessary to prevent congenital syphilis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palanisamy Jeevanandham
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Betsy Ambooken
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Neelakandhan Asokan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Sarin Abdul Salam
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Renu Venugopal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Seabra I, Ferreira GRON, Sorensen W, Oliveira C, Parente AT, Gir E, Reis RKK, Ferrari RAP, Botelho E. Spatial scenery of congenital syphilis in Brazil between 2007 and 2018: an ecological study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058270. [PMID: 35443962 PMCID: PMC9021778 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analysis the epidemiological scenery of the congenital syphilis (CS) in Brazil employing spatial analysis techniques. DESIGN Ecological study. SETTINGS This study was conducted in Brazil SAMPLE: A total of 151 601 CS cases notified to the Diseases and Notification Information System from 2007 to 2018 from children aged 0-23 months and born from mothers living in Brazil were included in this study. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The CS incidence rates were calculated by triad (2007-2010, 2011-2014 and 2015-2018) for all Brazilian municipalities following the Boxcox transformation to remove the discrepant values. The transformed rates were analysed through the spatial autocorrelation of Moran, Kernel density estimative and spatial scan. RESULTS From 2007 to 2018, the CS incidence rates increased in all Brazilian regions. The CS spread towards the interior of Brazil, and a higher expansion was noticed between 2015 and 2018. The municipalities that were greatly affected by the CS were those having a high migration of people, such as the ones bordering other countries and the touristic cities. Recife, Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre and Manaus were the capitals with the greatest spatial and spatiotemporal risk. CONCLUSION This study provides assistance to health authorities to fight CS in Brazil. More investment is necessary in prenatal care quality focusing on pregnant women and their partners to guarantee their full access to preventive resources against sexually transmitted infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iaron Seabra
- Nursing Graduate Program, Federal University of Para, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - William Sorensen
- Health & Kinesiology Department, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Carmem Oliveira
- Nursing Graduate Program, Federal University of Para, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Elucir Gir
- College of Nursing, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliã Botelho
- Nursing Graduate Program, Federal University of Para, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Enbiale M, Getie A, Haile F, Tekabe B, Misekir D. Magnitude of syphilis sero-status and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Jinka town public health facilities, Southern Ethiopia, 2020. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257290. [PMID: 34506600 PMCID: PMC8432762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Syphilis is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality and is one of the most important public health problems. There was no study showing syphilis serostatus and its related factors among pregnant women in the current study area. This study was aimed to assess the magnitude of syphilis serostatus and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Jinka town public health facilities. METHOD Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Jinka town public health facilities, southern Ethiopia from the 1st July to the 1st September, 2020. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 629 study subjects. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews and records were reviewed to check syphilis test results. Data were coded and entered by using Epi-data version 4.432 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. The binary logistic regression model was used to investigate factors associated with syphilis. A p-value of < 0.05 at multivariable analysis was considered statistically significant. RESULT In this study, syphilis sero-prevalence among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics was 4.8% (95% CI: 3.12, 6.48). Rural residence [AOR: 2.873; 95%CI (1.171, 7.050)], alcohol use [AOR: 3.340; 95% CI (1.354, 8.241)] and having multiple sexual partner [AOR: 5.012; 95% CI (1.929, 13.020)] were statistically significantly associated with syphilis. CONCLUSION Sero-prevalence of syphilis was high. Being a rural residence, having multiple sexual partners, alcohol use were factors associated with syphilis. Therefore, substantial efforts have to be made to provide regular health education for pregnant women at the antenatal clinic on the avoidance of risky behaviors and the risk of syphilis on their pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mulusew Enbiale
- School of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Asmare Getie
- School of Nursing, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Frehiwot Haile
- School of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Beemnet Tekabe
- School of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Direslgn Misekir
- School of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Barbosa MDS, Lima LAD, Ribeiro SM, Croda J, Queiroz JHFDS, Ortolani LG, Negrão FJ, Souza EC, Silva KED, Souza ROD, Simionatto S. Epidemiological study in Brazilian women highlights that syphilis remains a public health problem. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2021; 63:e4. [PMID: 33533807 PMCID: PMC7845940 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202163004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Syphilis, an infectious disease considered a global public health concern, can cause stillbirths and neonatal deaths. This highlights the importance of continuous surveillance studies among women of reproductive age. A cross-sectional study was carried out to analyze the prevalence and risk factors associated with Treponema pallidum infection in women assisted by primary health care units in Dourados, a city located in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, which borders Paraguay. A questionnaire was applied to a population-based sample, blood samples were collected for syphilis testing and multivariable analyses were performed to screen associations with T. pallidum infection. The prevalence of T. pallidum infection was 6.04%. Bivariate analysis showed that women referring multiple sexual partners (c2: 6.97 [p=0.014]), income less 2 minimal wages (c2: 15.93 [p=0.003]), who did not have high school (c2: 12.64 [p=0.005]), and reporting history of STIs (c2: 7.30 [p=0.018]) are more likely to have syphilis. In the multivariate analysis, a highest prevalence ratio was observed in women with income less than 2 minimal wages (PR: 0.96 [95% CI: 0.85 - 0.97]), and who did not have high school (PR: 0.94 [95% CI: 0.90 - 0.98]). In addition, 80% of the women reported irregular use of condoms and 63.89% declared having sexual intercourses with multiple partners, which creates more opportunities for the transmission of the infection. These results highlight the need for healthcare systems to implement initiatives to monitor syphilis screening and the commitment of patients and their sexual partners to the treatment in order to achieve a decrease of new cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Dos Santos Barbosa
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leticya Aparecida de Lima
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Suzana Meira Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Julio Croda
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Lais Gonçalves Ortolani
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fábio Juliano Negrão
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elaine Costa Souza
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Kesia Esther da Silva
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Omizolo de Souza
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Simone Simionatto
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|