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Mota J, Martins C, Silva-Santos S, Santos A, Vale S. TV in bedroom, outdoor playtime and obesity status among preschool girls. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Conlon BA, Mcginn AP, Isasi CR, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Lounsbury DW, Ginsberg MS, Diamantis PM, Groisman-Perelstein AE, Wylie-Rosett J. Home Environment Factors and Health Behaviors of Low-income, Overweight, and Obese Youth. Am J Health Behav 2019; 43:420-436. [PMID: 30808480 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.43.2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Home environment may influence children's health behaviors associated with obesity. In this study, we examined home environment factors associated with diet and physical activity behaviors of overweight or obese youth. Methods: We analyzed baseline data from child and parent/caregiver dyads enrolled in an urban family weight management program. Multivariable logistic regression examined how home environment (parenting practices, family meal habits, and home availability of fruits/vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), screen media, and physical activity resources) are related to children's intake of fruit, vegetables, and SSBs, and moderate-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time (ST) after adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Children were more likely to consume fruit if their families frequently ate meals together and infrequently watched TV during meals, and more likely to consume vegetables with high fruit/vegetable availability and low SSB availability. Children were more likely to engage in ST if parents practiced monitoring and frequently watched TV during meals. Conclusions: Overweight or obese children appear to have healthier habits if their families eat meals together without watching TV and if healthy food choices are available in the home. Encouraging parents to focus these practices may promote healthier body weight in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Conlon
- Postgraduate Student, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY;,
| | - Aileen P. Mcginn
- Associate Professor, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Associate Professor, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Associate Professor, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY
| | - David W. Lounsbury
- Assistant Professor, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY
| | - Mindy S. Ginsberg
- Senior Associate, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY
| | - Pamela M. Diamantis
- Attending Physician, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Health Services Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Professor, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Bronx, NY
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Thompson DA, Polk S, Cheah CS, Vandewater EA, Johnson SL, Chrismer MC, Tschann JM. Maternal Beliefs and Parenting Practices Regarding Their Preschool Child's Television Viewing: An Exploration in a Sample of Low-Income Mexican-Origin Mothers. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2015; 54:862-70. [PMID: 25724994 PMCID: PMC4503490 DOI: 10.1177/0009922815574074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore maternal beliefs about television (TV) viewing and related parenting practices in low-income Mexican-origin mothers of preschoolers. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 21 low-income Mexican-origin mothers of preschoolers. Interviews were audio recorded and analyzed using a theoretically based thematic analytic approach. RESULTS Mothers described strong beliefs about the positive and negative impact of TV content. Mothers emphasized the educational value of specific programming. Content restrictions were common. Time restrictions were not clearly defined; however, many mothers preferred short versus long episodes of viewing. Mothers spoke positively about family viewing and the role of TV viewing in enabling mothers to accomplish household tasks. DISCUSSION These findings have implications for intervening in this population. Interventionists should consider the value mothers place on the educational role of TV viewing, the direct benefit to mothers of viewing time, the lack of clear time limits, and the common practice of family co-viewing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Polk
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
| | | | - Elizabeth A. Vandewater
- Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas School of Public Health-Austin Regional Campus
| | - Susan L. Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine
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Cloutier MM, Wiley J, Huedo-Medina T, Ohannessian CM, Grant A, Hernandez D, Gorin AA. Outcomes from a Pediatric Primary Care Weight Management Program: Steps to Growing Up Healthy. J Pediatr 2015; 167:372-7.e1. [PMID: 26073106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the efficacy of Steps to Growing Up Healthy, an obesity prevention intervention in preschool-age, urban-dwelling minority children. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-two pediatric primary care clinicians used a brief (3- to 5-minute) evidence-based behavior change intervention with low-income mothers of children aged 2-4 years during each regularly scheduled clinic visit over a 12-month period to target 4 specific obesogenic behaviors (milk consumption, juice and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, television/screen time, and physical activity). A written contract, self-monitoring calendar, and telephone follow-up at 5-7 days after the clinic visit reinforced the intervention. Body mass index (BMI) percentile over 12 months and obesogenic behaviors were compared with those of a sex- and age-matched historical control group drawn from the same clinic. RESULTS Between January 2009 and November 2012, 418 mother-child dyads (82% Hispanic and 18% African American; mean child age, 35.8 ± 8.6 months; 21% overweight and 21% obese children) participated (218 in the control group and 200 in the intervention group). At 12 months, BMI percentile decreased by 0.33 percentile in the intervention group, compared with a mean increase of 8.75 percentile in the control group (P < .001). In participants with an initial BMI <85th percentile, BMI percentile did not change over time in the intervention group but increased in the control group (from the 48th ± 21 to 63th ± 29 percentile; P < .01). At 12 months, consumption of juice and milk were decreased in the intervention group (P < .001). CONCLUSION A brief, evidence-based intervention targeting 4 behaviors, coupled with a written contract and telephone follow-up, decreased the rate of increase in BMI percentile in young children, especially in normal weight children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Cloutier
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT; Children's Center for Community Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT
| | - James Wiley
- Children's Center for Community Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT
| | - Tania Huedo-Medina
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Christine McCauley Ohannessian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT; Children's Center for Community Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT
| | - Autherene Grant
- Children's Center for Community Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT
| | | | - Amy A Gorin
- Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
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Mandich G, Burke S, Gaston A, Tucker P. The physical activity levels and sedentary behaviors of Latino children in London (Ontario, Canada). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:5528-39. [PMID: 26006126 PMCID: PMC4454983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120505528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the physical activity and sedentary behaviors of a sample of Latino children in London, Ontario, Canada. Methods: Seventy-four Latino children (54.1% male; mean age = 11.4) completed self-report questionnaires related to physical activity and sedentary behaviors. A subset of children (n = 64) wore Actical (Mini Mitter, Respironics) accelerometers for a maximum of four days. Results: Latino children self-reported moderate levels of physical activity (i.e., mean score of 2.8 on 5-point scale). Accelerometer data revealed that children spent an average of 50.0 min in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; 59.2 min on weekdays and 50.6 min on weekend days) and were sedentary for an average of 8.4 h (508.0 min) per day (533.5 min on weekdays and 497.7 min on weekend days). Children reported spending an average of 3.8 h (228 min) daily in front of screens—1.7 h (102 min) watching television, 1.2 h (72 min) on the computer, and 0.9 h (54 min) playing video games. Conclusions: This feasibility project provided a preliminary account of objectively measured daily physical activity and sedentary time among a sample of Latino children in Canada, as well as insight into the challenge of measuring these behaviors. Sedentary behavior reduction techniques should be explored and implemented in this young population, along with strategies to promote adherence to accelerometer protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Mandich
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London ON N6A 5B9 Canada.
| | - Shauna Burke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London ON N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Anca Gaston
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London ON N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Patricia Tucker
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London ON N6A 5B9 Canada
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Di Noia J, Byrd-Bredbenner C. Determinants of fruit and vegetable intake in low-income children and adolescents. Nutr Rev 2014; 72:575-90. [PMID: 25091630 DOI: 10.1111/nure.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although low-income youth are likely to have low or less frequent fruit and vegetable intake, current understanding of the influences on intake in youth is limited. A systematic review of quantitative research on determinants of fruit and vegetable intake among low-income youth (i.e., persons aged <20 years) was conducted. The aims were to identify which determinants have been studied and which are consistently associated with intake. Fifty-eight papers published between 2003 and August 2013 were included. Across studies, 85 unique determinants were identified. Those best supported by evidence were race/ethnicity (with intake consistently higher among Hispanic as compared with African American and white youth), fruit and vegetable preferences, and maternal fruit and vegetable intake. For many potential determinants, the consistency of evidence could not be examined because of a lack of studies. Findings highlight racial/ethnic differences in fruit and vegetable intake and influences on intake that should be considered when designing dietary interventions for low-income youth. Further research on intake determinants in this at-risk population is needed to establish an evidence base to guide interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Di Noia
- Department of Sociology, William Paterson University, Wayne, New Jersey, USA
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Hales D, Vaughn AE, Mazzucca S, Bryant MJ, Tabak RG, McWilliams C, Stevens J, Ward DS. Development of HomeSTEAD's physical activity and screen time physical environment inventory. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2013; 10:132. [PMID: 24313962 PMCID: PMC3906984 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The home environment has a significant influence on children's physical activity, sedentary behavior, dietary intake, and risk for obesity and chronic disease. Our understanding of the most influential factors and how they interact and impact child behavior is limited by current measurement tools, specifically the lack of a comprehensive instrument. HomeSTEAD (the Home Self-administered Tool for Environmental assessment of Activity and Diet) was designed to address this gap. This new tool contains four sections: home physical activity and media equipment inventory, family physical activity and screen time practices, home food inventory, and family food practices. This paper will describe HomeSTEAD's development and present reliability and validity evidence for the first section. METHODS The ANGELO framework guided instrument development, and systematic literature reviews helped identify existing items or scales for possible inclusion. Refinement of items was based on expert review and cognitive interviews. Parents of children ages 3-12 years (n = 125) completed the HomeSTEAD survey on three separate occasions over 12-18 days (Time 1, 2, and 3). The Time 1 survey also collected demographic information and parent report of child behaviors. Between Time 1 and 2, staff conducted an in-home observation and measured parent and child BMI. Kappa and intra-class correlations were used to examine reliability (test-retest) and validity (criterion and construct). RESULTS Reliability and validity was strong for most items (97% having ICC > 0.60 and 72% having r > 0.50, respectively). Items with lower reliability generally had low variation between people. Lower validity estimates (r < 0.30) were more common for items that assessed usability and accessibility, with observers generally rating usability and accessibility lower than parents. Small to moderate, but meaningful, correlations between physical environment factors and BMI, outside time, and screen time were observed (e.g., amount of child portable play equipment in good condition and easy to access was significantly associated with child BMI: r = -0.23), providing evidence of construct validity. CONCLUSIONS The HomeSTEAD instrument represents a clear advancement in the measurement of factors in the home environment related to child weight and weight-related behaviors. HomeSTEAD, in its entirety, represents a useful tool for researchers from which they can draw particular scales of greatest interest and highest relevance to their research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dianne S Ward
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 245 Rosenau Hall, CB 7461, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461, USA.
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Berlin KS, Williams NA, Parra GR. An Introduction to Latent Variable Mixture Modeling (Part 1): Overview and Cross-Sectional Latent Class and Latent Profile Analyses. J Pediatr Psychol 2013; 39:174-87. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jst084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Thompson DA, Matson PA, Ellen JM. Television viewing in low-income latino children: variation by ethnic subgroup and English proficiency. Child Obes 2013; 9:22-8. [PMID: 23301653 PMCID: PMC3601541 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2012.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Television viewing is associated with an increased risk for obesity in children. Latino children are at high risk for obesity and yet little is known about differences in television viewing habits within this population. The purpose of this study is to determine if hours of television viewed by young children with low-income Latina mothers differs by maternal ethnic subgroup and English language proficiency. METHODS This was a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Welfare, Children, & Families: A Three City Study. Participants were 422 low-income Latina mothers of Mexican and Puerto Rican descent with children ages 0-4 years old. The dependent variable was hours of daily television viewed by the child. The independent variable was maternal ethnic subgroup and English language proficiency. Analyses involved the use of multiple negative binomial regression models, which were adjusted for demographic variables. RESULTS Multivariable regression analyses showed that compared to children with mothers of Mexican descent, children of mothers of Puerto Rican descent watch more daily television (<2 years old, incidence rate ratio (IRR)=4.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.68, 10.42; 2-4 years, IRR=1.54, 95% CI 1.06, 2.26). For children with mothers of Mexican descent, higher maternal English language proficiency was associated with higher amounts of child television viewing (IRR=1.29, 95% CI 1.04, 1.61). No relationship was found for children of Puerto Rican descent. CONCLUSIONS Child television viewing varies in low-income Latino children by maternal ethnic subgroup and English language proficiency. Interventionists must consider the varying sociocultural contexts of Latino children and their influence on television viewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy A. Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Pamela A. Matson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jonathan M. Ellen
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Crowder JS, Sisson SB, Ramey E, Arnold SH, Richardson S, DeGrace BW. How did the television get in the child's bedroom? Analysis of family interviews. Prev Med 2012; 55:623-8. [PMID: 23064023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although recent research has shown associations between a television in the bedroom of children (BTV) and obesity, medical and negative societal consequences, the family decision making process supporting or opposing BTV is not yet understood. A qualitative research approach elicited rich, decision making experiences of families. METHODS Structured family interviews (n=21) in spring 2011 in Oklahoma City captured direct quotations about family beliefs and practices related to BTV. Systematic constant comparative methods of grounded theory guided identification of patterns and themes across families to develop a model of family decision making for BTV. RESULTS Nine themes represented family decision making processes for BTV. Supporting themes included "I didn't even think about it" and "benefit to me." Opposing themes included: "watch a lot more TV and get less sleep," "bedroom door would probably be closed a lot," "everyone knows it rots your brain," and "what the heck are they watching." CONCLUSIONS Development of a conceptual model represented the basis for decisions opposing BTV in child concerns for development and missed opportunities while decisions supporting BTV reflected its use as a parenting tool. The emerged model could be useful in guiding strategies to modify family routines and address active and passive parenting strategies that negatively affect child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Susong Crowder
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
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