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Dharod JM, Black MM, McElhenny K, Labban JD, DeJesus JM. Es Niño o Niña?: Gender Differences in Feeding Practices and Obesity Risk among Latino Infants. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102100. [PMID: 38425439 PMCID: PMC10904161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity prevalence is significantly higher among Latino boys than girls. Weight status at 12 mo, a significant predictor of childhood obesity, is associated with feeding practices during infancy. Objectives The objectives were to examine breastfeeding and formula-feeding practices overall and by infant gender and to examine relations among infant gender, milk-feeding practices, and obesity risk among Latino infants over the first year of life. Methods Latino mother-infant dyads (n = 90) were recruited from a pediatric clinic. Mothers were interviewed at regular intervals (infants aged 2, 4, 6, and 9 mo), and 24-h feeding recalls were conducted when infants were aged 6 and 9 mo. Infants' lengths and weights were retrieved from clinic records to calculate weight-for-length percentiles. A bivariate analysis was conducted to compare feeding practices by gender and mediation analysis to test whether feeding practices mediated the relation between gender and obesity risk. Results The majority (80%) of mothers were born outside the United States. In early infancy, mixed feeding of formula and breastfeeding was common. At 6 and 9 mo of age, milk-feeding practices differed, with formula feeding more common for boys than girls. At 12 mo, 38% of infants experienced obesity risk (≥85th weight-for-length percentile). Infants' obesity risk increased by 18% per 1 oz increase in powdered formula intake. Formula intake among boys was on average 1.42 oz (in dry weight) higher than that among girls, which, in turn, mediated their increased obesity risk (IERR = 1.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.90). Conclusions The increased obesity risk among Latino boys compared with girls at 12 mo was explained by higher rates of formula feeding at 6 and 9 mo of age. Future investigations of cultural values and beliefs in gender-related feeding practices are warranted to understand the differences in obesity risk between Latino boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigna M Dharod
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Maureen M Black
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kristen McElhenny
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Labban
- Office of Research, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Jasmine M DeJesus
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
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Kigawa M, Tsuchida A, Matsumura K, Ito M, Tanaka T, Hamazaki K, Adachi Y, Inadera H. Differences in health literacy related to gestational weight gain and children's birth weight according to maternal nativity status in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS): a longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e076899. [PMID: 38167284 PMCID: PMC10773339 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined literacy related to healthy gestational weight gain (GWG) in immigrant and native Japanese mothers and determined whether it is associated with children's birth weight. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING As the baseline survey in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), mothers completed self-administered questionnaires distributed by hand during pregnancy. The self-administered questionnaires used in this study were distributed by mail 6 months after delivery. Children's birth weight, actual GWG and any complications during delivery were recorded by obstetricians collaborating with JECS. PARTICIPANTS Of 97 452 mothers who consented to participate in the JECS during pregnancy between January 2011 and March 2014, 67 953 were included in this study after exclusions for multiple births, multiple instances of consent by the same pregnant woman, miscarriages/stillbirths or withdrawal from the study within 3 years after participating. In total, 324 immigrant mothers and 963 native Japanese mothers were selected by propensity score matching for analysis. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Data were collected on maternal literacy related to healthy GWG at the baseline survey, and data on actual GWG and children's birth weight were collected by obstetricians. The associations of knowledge about healthy GWG and mothers' actual GWG with maternal nativity status were examined using a χ2 or Student's t-test. RESULTS More native Japanese mothers than immigrant mothers knew the appropriate GWG and reason the for needing to know this. Actual GWG was significantly higher among the immigrant mothers, but was within the recommended range. The low birthweight (LBW) incidence was significantly higher among the native mothers. CONCLUSIONS Immigrant mothers to Japan had less knowledge about appropriate GWG, but their actual GWG was appropriate and they delivered fewer LBW infants than native Japanese mothers. These findings may indicate the presence of other protective factors for pregnancy or delivery among immigrant mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Kigawa
- Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Japan
- Department of Public Health, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchida
- Department of Public Health, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kenta Matsumura
- Department of Public Health, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mika Ito
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomomi Tanaka
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toyama Faculty of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Education, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kei Hamazaki
- Department of Public Health, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Department of Paediatrics and Developmental Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hidekuni Inadera
- Department of Public Health, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
- Toyama Regional Center for JECS, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
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Flórez KR, Day SE, Huang TTK, Konty KJ, D'Agostino EM. Latino Children's Obesity Risk Varies by Place of Birth: Findings from New York City Public School Youth, 2006-2017. Child Obes 2022; 18:291-300. [PMID: 34788125 PMCID: PMC9248336 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Research showing that place of birth (POB) predicts excess weight gain and obesity risk among Latino adults has not prompted similar research in Latino children, although childhood is a critical period for preventing obesity. Objective: To identify differences in obesity risk among Latino children by POB. Methods: Longitudinal cohort observational study on public school children self-identified by parent/guardian as Latino in grades K-12 for school years 2006-07 through 2016-17 with measured weight and height (n = 570,172students; 3,103,642observations). POB reported by parent/guardian was categorized as continental United States [not New York City (NYC)] (n = 295,693), NYC (n = 166,361), South America (n = 19,452), Central America (n = 10,241), Dominican Republic (n = 57,0880), Puerto Rico (n = 9687), and Mexico (n = 9647). Age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles were estimated based on established growth charts. Data were analyzed in 2020. Results: Prevalence of obesity was highest among US (non-NYC)-born girls (21%) and boys (27%), followed by NYC-born girls (19%) and boys (25%). Among girls, South Americans (9%) had the lowest prevalence of all levels of obesity, while Puerto Ricans (19%) and Dominicans (15%) had the highest prevalence. Among boys, South Americans also had the lowest prevalence of all levels of obesity (15%), while Puerto Ricans (22%) and Mexicans (21%) had the highest. In adjusted models, obesity risk was highest in US (non-NYC)-born children, followed by children born in NYC (p < 0.001). Immigrant Latino children exhibited an advantage even after controlling for individual and neighborhood sociodemographic features, particularly Dominicans, South Americans, and Puerto Ricans. Conclusions: The heterogeneity of obesity risk among Latino children highlights the importance of POB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen R. Flórez
- Center for Systems and Community Design, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Address correspondence to: Karen R. Flórez, DrPH, Center for Systems and Community Design, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, 55 West 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sophia E. Day
- NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Office of School Health, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Terry T.-K. Huang
- Center for Systems and Community Design, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin J. Konty
- NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Office of School Health, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Emily M. D'Agostino
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Sadeghi B, Kaiser LL, Hanbury MM, Tseregounis IE, Shaikh U, Gomez-Camacho R, Cheung RCY, Aguilera AL, Whent L, de la Torre A. A three-year multifaceted intervention to prevent obesity in children of Mexican-heritage. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:582. [PMID: 31096944 PMCID: PMC6521467 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6897-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and overweight have increased dramatically in the United States over the last decades. The complexity of interrelated causal factors that result in obesity needs to be addressed within the cultural dynamic of sub-populations. In this study, we sought to estimate the effects of a multifaceted, community-based intervention on body mass index (BMI) among Mexican-heritage children. METHODS Niños Sanos, Familia Sana (Healthy Children, Healthy Family) was a quasi-experimental intervention study designed to reduce the rate of BMI growth among Mexican-heritage children in California's Central Valley. Two rural communities were matched based on demographic and environmental characteristics and were assigned as the intervention or comparison community. The three-year intervention included parent workshops on nutrition and physical activity; school-based nutrition lessons and enhanced physical education program for children; and a monthly voucher for fruits and vegetables. Eligible children were between 3 and 8 years old at baseline. Intent-to-treat analyses were estimated using linear mixed-effect models with random intercepts. We ran a series of models for each gender where predictors were fixed except interactions between age groups and obesity status at baseline with intervention to determine the magnitude of impact on BMI. RESULTS At baseline, mean (SD) BMI z-score (zBMI) was 0.97 (0.98) in the intervention group (n = 387) and 0.98 (1.02) in the comparison group (n = 313) (NS). The intervention was significantly associated with log-transformed BMI (β = 0.04 (0.02), P = 0.03) and zBMI (β = 0.25 (0.12), P = 0.04) among boys and log-transformed BMI among obese girls (β = - 0.04 (0.02), P = 0.04). The intervention was significantly and inversely associated with BMI in obese boys and girls across all age groups and normal weight boys in the oldest group (over 6 years) relative to their counterparts in the comparison community. CONCLUSIONS A community-based, multifaceted intervention was effective at slowing the rate of BMI growth among Mexican-heritage children. Our findings suggest that practitioners should consider strategies that address gender disparities and work with a variety of stakeholders to target childhood obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01900613 . Registered 16th July 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Sadeghi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Patient Support Services Building, 4150 V Street, Suite 2400, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Lucia L. Kaiser
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Meagan M. Hanbury
- Center for Transnational Health, University of California, Davis, 328 D Street, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Iraklis Erik Tseregounis
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Ulfat Shaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Glassrock Building, 2521 Stockton Boulevard, Suite 2200, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Rosa Gomez-Camacho
- Office of Planning & Institutional Performance, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, AB5- Suite 313, Fort Meyers, FL 33965 USA
| | - Rex C. Y. Cheung
- Decision Sciences Department, College of Business, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA
| | - Alberto L. Aguilera
- Center for Transnational Health, University of California, Davis, 328 D Street, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Linda Whent
- Center for Transnational Health, University of California, Davis, 328 D Street, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Adela de la Torre
- Office of the President, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-8000 USA
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Inflammation among Children: Evidence of an Immigrant Advantage? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/s1057-629020190000019013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Schmeer KK, Tarrence J. Racial-ethnic Disparities in Inflammation: Evidence of Weathering in Childhood? JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2018; 59:411-428. [PMID: 29949724 PMCID: PMC6177208 DOI: 10.1177/0022146518784592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Building on the weathering hypothesis, we advance health disparities research by assessing racial-ethnic differences in low-grade inflammation, a marker of chronic stress exposure, in young children. Using nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N = 6,652) and logistic regression, we find an increased risk of low-grade inflammation among Hispanic and African American children compared to white children. The risk of inflammation appears to be stronger for Hispanic and African American children with foreign-born parents compared to children of the same race-ethnicity with U.S.-born parents. Low parental education and elevated child body mass index work as partial mediators of these associations. Our findings suggest the need to understand the psychosocial challenges faced by Hispanic and African American children, particularly, those with foreign-born parents, if we are to make further progress in reducing health disparities.
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