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Ahmadi L, Kazemi Nezhad SR, Behbahani P, Khajeddin N, Pourmehdi-Boroujeni M. Genetic Variations of DAOA (rs947267 and rs3918342) and COMT Genes (rs165599 and rs4680) in Schizophrenia and Bipolar I Disorder. Basic Clin Neurosci 2019; 9:429-438. [PMID: 30719257 PMCID: PMC6359688 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.6.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Genetic and environmental factors are involved in the incidence of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Many reports confirm that several common genes are connected with these two psychotic disorders. Several neurotransmitters may be involved in the molecular mechanisms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We aimed to estimate the role of two talent genes: DAOA in neurotransmission of glutamate and COMT in neurotransmission of dopamine to guide the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Methods: Blood samples (n=100 for schizophrenia, n=100 for bipolar I disorder and n=127 for case control) were collected from individuals unrelated in the southwest of Iran. The SNPs (rs947267 and rs3918342 for DAOA gene/rs165599 and rs4680 for COMT gene) were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. Our finding was studied by logistic regression and Mantel-Haenszel Chi-square tests. Results: We observed an association in rs3918342, rs165599 and rs4680 single nucleotide polymorphisms and schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder. In addition, our data demonstrated that the rs947267 was related to bipolar I disorder but there was no association between this SNP and schizophrenia. Conclusion: In conclusion, this result supports the hypothesis that variations in DAOA and COMT genes may play a role in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Ahmadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Parisima Behbahani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nilofar Khajeddin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Pourmehdi-Boroujeni
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Imlach AR, Ward DD, Stuart KE, Summers MJ, Valenzuela MJ, King AE, Saunders NL, Summers J, Srikanth VK, Robinson A, Vickers JC. Age is no barrier: predictors of academic success in older learners. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2017; 2:13. [PMID: 30631459 PMCID: PMC6161509 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-017-0014-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Although predictors of academic success have been identified in young adults, such predictors are unlikely to translate directly to an older student population, where such information is scarce. The current study aimed to examine cognitive, psychosocial, lifetime, and genetic predictors of university-level academic performance in older adults (50-79 years old). Participants were mostly female (71%) and had a greater than high school education level (M = 14.06 years, SD = 2.76), on average. Two multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. The first examined all potential predictors of grade point average (GPA) in the subset of participants who had volunteered samples for genetic analysis (N = 181). Significant predictors of GPA were then re-examined in a second multiple linear regression using the full sample (N = 329). Our data show that the cognitive domains of episodic memory and language processing, in conjunction with midlife engagement in cognitively stimulating activities, have a role in predicting academic performance as measured by GPA in the first year of study. In contrast, it was determined that age, IQ, gender, working memory, psychosocial factors, and common brain gene polymorphisms linked to brain function, plasticity and degeneration (APOE, BDNF, COMT, KIBRA, SERT) did not influence academic performance. These findings demonstrate that ageing does not impede academic achievement, and that discrete cognitive skills as well as lifetime engagement in cognitively stimulating activities can promote academic success in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbie-Rose Imlach
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - David D. Ward
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Population Health Sciences, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kimberley E. Stuart
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Mathew J. Summers
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience - Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Australia
| | - Michael J. Valenzuela
- Regenerative Neuroscience Group, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Anna E. King
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Nichole L. Saunders
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Summers
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Velandai K. Srikanth
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Andrew Robinson
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - James C. Vickers
- Wicking Dementia Research & Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Behbahani P, Kazemi-Nezhad SR, Foroughmand AM, Ahmadi L. Association study of single nucleotide polymorphism rs165599 of COMT gene, with schizophrenia and bipolar mood disorder in the south-west of Iran. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2015; 4:67-72. [PMID: 27843998 PMCID: PMC5019293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Linkage studies and epidemiological findings indicate that some possible genes in schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar mood disorder (BPD) are common. Numerous evidences for linkage of two diseases on chromosome 22 have been found. These findings suggest that one or more genes in the 22q11.21 region may be involved in the development of both disorders. In the present case-control study, association between the mentioned disorders and a genetic polymorphism (rs165599) of catechol O- methyltransferase (COMT, OMIM: 116790) was studied. Here 100 BPD patients, 100SCZ patients, and 100 healthy controls were included in the study. The samples were matched in terms of gender and ethnicity. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant association this polymorphism and risk of SCZ. The AG (OR=7.41, 95% CI: 3.21-17.1, P<0.001) and GG genotypes (OR=13.9, 95% CI: 5.61-34.4, P<0.001) increased the risk of SCZ compared with the GG genotypes. The AG (OR=14.3, 95% CI: 4.16-49.4, P<0.001) and AA genotypes (OR=54.2, 95% CI: 15.3-191, P<0.001) significantly associated with the risk of BPD. The risk of SCZ (x2=37.4, P<0.001) and BPD (x2=66.2, P<0.001) significantly increased as a function of numbers of the A allele. The present study revealed that this polymorphism associated with risks of SCZ, and BPD.
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Stuart K, Summers MJ, Valenzuela MJ, Vickers JC. BDNF and COMT polymorphisms have a limited association with episodic memory performance or engagement in complex cognitive activity in healthy older adults. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2014; 110:1-7. [PMID: 24468545 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a major factor in lowering the quality of life in older populations, and contributes substantially to social, economic, and health costs. As humans age, cognitive function decreases differentially, and individual differences in cognitive ageing are likely attributed to a range of causes, including environmental and genetic influences. The current study included 360 participants (240 females and 120 males) aged between 50 and 79years from the Tasmanian Healthy Brain Project. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphisms were examined for their association with visual and auditory episodic memory performance. The polymorphisms were also investigated for their association with reported life-long engagement in complex cognitive activity using a retrospective questionnaire. Relative to the demographic variables, the gene variations were found to have no association with episodic memory performance, with the exception of the COMT polymorphism on a single measure of auditory memory (RAVLT). Several other studies also demonstrated that these polymorphisms have no, small, or inconsistent effects on memory function. The BDNF Val66Met and COMT Val158Met polymorphisms were also found to be of little significance to active engagement in complex cognitive activity throughout most of the lifespan. An association was detected between BDNF Val66Met and engagement in cognitive activity in early life (p=.04, d=.23), however this did not reach significance when adjusted for multiple comparisons. The biological mechanisms that underlie engagement in cognitive activity are elusive, thus the potential relationship between BDNF Val66Met genotype and early life cognitive engagement warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Stuart
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Mathew James Summers
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Australia; School of Psychology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Michael J Valenzuela
- Regenerative Neuroscience Group, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - James C Vickers
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
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O’Rawe JA, Fang H, Rynearson S, Robison R, Kiruluta ES, Higgins G, Eilbeck K, Reese MG, Lyon GJ. Integrating precision medicine in the study and clinical treatment of a severely mentally ill person. PeerJ 2013; 1:e177. [PMID: 24109560 PMCID: PMC3792182 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. In recent years, there has been an explosion in the number of technical and medical diagnostic platforms being developed. This has greatly improved our ability to more accurately, and more comprehensively, explore and characterize human biological systems on the individual level. Large quantities of biomedical data are now being generated and archived in many separate research and clinical activities, but there exists a paucity of studies that integrate the areas of clinical neuropsychiatry, personal genomics and brain-machine interfaces. Methods. A single person with severe mental illness was implanted with the Medtronic Reclaim(®) Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Therapy device for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), targeting his nucleus accumbens/anterior limb of the internal capsule. Programming of the device and psychiatric assessments occurred in an outpatient setting for over two years. His genome was sequenced and variants were detected in the Illumina Whole Genome Sequencing Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified laboratory. Results. We report here the detailed phenotypic characterization, clinical-grade whole genome sequencing (WGS), and two-year outcome of a man with severe OCD treated with DBS. Since implantation, this man has reported steady improvement, highlighted by a steady decline in his Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) score from ∼38 to a score of ∼25. A rechargeable Activa RC neurostimulator battery has been of major benefit in terms of facilitating a degree of stability and control over the stimulation. His psychiatric symptoms reliably worsen within hours of the battery becoming depleted, thus providing confirmatory evidence for the efficacy of DBS for OCD in this person. WGS revealed that he is a heterozygote for the p.Val66Met variant in BDNF, encoding a member of the nerve growth factor family, and which has been found to predispose carriers to various psychiatric illnesses. He carries the p.Glu429Ala allele in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and the p.Asp7Asn allele in ChAT, encoding choline O-acetyltransferase, with both alleles having been shown to confer an elevated susceptibility to psychoses. We have found thousands of other variants in his genome, including pharmacogenetic and copy number variants. This information has been archived and offered to this person alongside the clinical sequencing data, so that he and others can re-analyze his genome for years to come. Conclusions. To our knowledge, this is the first study in the clinical neurosciences that integrates detailed neuropsychiatric phenotyping, deep brain stimulation for OCD and clinical-grade WGS with management of genetic results in the medical treatment of one person with severe mental illness. We offer this as an example of precision medicine in neuropsychiatry including brain-implantable devices and genomics-guided preventive health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A. O’Rawe
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY, USA
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Han Fang
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY, USA
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Shawn Rynearson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Reid Robison
- Utah Foundation for Biomedical Research, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | | | - Karen Eilbeck
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Gholson J. Lyon
- Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY, USA
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Utah Foundation for Biomedical Research, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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