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Sahlan RN, Grunewald W, Smith AR. Validations of the Farsi versions of the depressive symptom inventory suicidality subscale (F-DSI-SS) and suicide rumination scale (F-SRS) among Iranian college students. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2023; 53:16-28. [PMID: 36029097 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicidal thoughts are relatively common among college students in Iran. However, measures frequently used to assess suicidality or specific aspects of suicidal ideation in the United States have yet to be validated in Iran. Thus, the present study validated Farsi versions of the Depressive Symptom Inventory Suicidality Subscale (F-DSI-SS) and Suicide Rumination Scale (F-SRS) among Iranian college students. METHODS College students (N = 1043; 88.1% women) completed the F-DSI-SS. Forty-six percent (n = 481) of participants reported the presence of suicidal thoughts and were eligible to fill out the F-SRS. Analyses focused on validating the factor structure, construct, and convergent validity of the F-DSI-SS and F-SRS among college students, as well as testing measurement invariance by gender of the F-DSI-SS. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the F-DSI-SS and F-SRS had good fit to the data and each displayed a one-factor structure. Furthermore, the F-DSI-SS showed strong measurement invariance across genders. Internal consistency of the F-DSI-SS and F-SRS was good. Lastly, the F-DSI-SS and F-SRS's items and their total scores were intercorrelated and demonstrated good convergent validity. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the F-DSI-SS and F-SRS will enable researchers to examine suicidal thoughts and suicide-specific rumination in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza N Sahlan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - William Grunewald
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - April R Smith
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Gratz KL, Kiel EJ, Mann AJD, Tull MT. The prospective relation between borderline personality disorder symptoms and suicide risk: The mediating roles of emotion regulation difficulties and perceived burdensomeness. J Affect Disord 2022; 313:186-195. [PMID: 35772631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the strong link between borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms and suicide risk, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this association. Theory-driven research clarifying the pathways through which BPD symptoms increase suicide risk over time is needed and may highlight relevant treatment targets for decreasing suicide risk among individuals with heightened BPD symptoms. This study examined the prospective relations among BPD symptoms, emotion regulation (ER) difficulties, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and suicide risk across five assessments over a 7-month period. Consistent with the interpersonal theory of suicide, we hypothesized that greater BPD symptoms would predict greater suicide risk over time via greater ER difficulties and, subsequently, greater perceived burdensomeness. METHODS A U.S. nationwide sample of 500 adults (47 % women; mean age = 40.0 ± 11.64) completed a prospective online study, including an initial assessment and four follow-up assessments over the next seven months. RESULTS Results revealed a significant indirect relation between BPD symptoms and greater suicide risk over time through greater ER difficulties and later perceived burdensomeness. Results also provided evidence for transactional relations between BPD symptoms and ER difficulties and suicide risk over time. LIMITATIONS All constructs were assessed via self-report questionnaire data. Our measure of suicide risk focuses on only suicidal ideation, plans, and impulses, and not suicide attempts or preparatory behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight both ER- and interpersonal-related factors as key mechanisms underlying suicide risk among community adults with BPD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim L Gratz
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
| | | | - Adam J D Mann
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Matthew T Tull
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
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Lee HJ, Kim YJ, Lee DH. South Korean validation of the COVID-related-PTSD scale in a non-clinical sample exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:135. [PMID: 35614519 PMCID: PMC9132603 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The threat of COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea and around the globe challenged not only physical health but also mental health, increasing the chances of disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Such pandemic situation can be referred to a traumatic event for citizens. The present study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL-5), which is named the K-COVID-related-PTSD. The scale measures PTSD symptomology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. A total of 1434 South Korean citizens were included in this study. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Mplus 8.0. The results of confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a superior fit for the seven-factor hybrid model (x2 = 1425.445 (df = 149), CFI = 0.950, TLI = 0.937, SRMR = 0.033, RMSEA = 0.077) consisting of re-experiencing, negative affect, anxious arousal, dysphoric arousal, avoidance, anhedonia, and externalizing behaviors. Furthermore, the K-COVID-related-PTSD showed a satisfactory level of internal consistency (α = 0.793 to α = 0.939) with good convergent and discriminant validity. Finally, concurrent validity was confirmed by the significant correlations with all the negative mental health outcomes, such as PTSD symptoms, somatization, depression, anxiety, anger, negative affect, job burnout, and suicidal ideation. Overall, the current results demonstrate the K-COVID-related-PTSD is a valid scale and therefore has important implications for future pandemic-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Aggarwal P, Ortiz S, Jain A, Velkoff E, George TS, Smith A, Raval VV. Examining psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire among college students in India. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2022; 52:110-120. [PMID: 34664312 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the second-highest population in the world, suicide-related deaths in India are high, and adults under 30 are particularly at an increased risk. However, empirical examinations of factors contributing to suicide in India and assessments of reliability and validity of self-report measures assessing these constructs are rare. AIMS The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ). MATERIALS & METHODS Undergraduate students in India (N = 432) completed the INQ and questionnaires assessing suicidal ideation, depression, fearlessness about death, and pain tolerance. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analyses of the 15-item INQ indicated that after removing three items assessing perceived burdensomeness, the two-factor structure of INQ demonstrated acceptable fit with good internal consistency for each of the subscales (α = .84-.90). In line with the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior (IPTS), thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness interacted to predict suicidal ideation. Additionally, these constructs were positively associated with suicidal ideation and depression, and weakly correlated with fearlessness about death and pain tolerance. DISCUSSION Results support the relevance of the IPTS for understanding suicidal ideation among college students in India. CONCLUSION The results suggest that modified INQ demonstrates strong internal consistency, as well as good construct, criterion, and discriminant validity among Indian college students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shelby Ortiz
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Anjali Jain
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Tony S George
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bengaluru, India
| | - April Smith
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
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Tae H, Chae JH. Factors Related to Suicide Attempts: The Roles of Childhood Abuse and Spirituality. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:565358. [PMID: 33868033 PMCID: PMC8044867 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.565358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this article was to identify independent factors associated with suicide attempts in patients with depression and/or anxiety. Background and Aims: This study was conducted in order to examine whether risk and protective psychological factors influence the risk of suicide attempts among outpatients with anxiety and/or depressive disorders. In this regard, explanatory models have been reported to detect high-risk groups for suicide attempt. We also examined whether identified factors serve as mediators on suicide attempts. Materials and Methods: Patients from 18 to 65 years old from an outpatient clinic at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital were invited to join clinical studies. From September 2010 to November 2017, a total of 737 participants were included in the final sample. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-being Scale (FACIT-Sp-12), and Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) were used to assess psychiatric symptoms. An independent samples t-test, a chi-square test, hierarchical multiple regression analyses, and the Baron and Kenny's procedures were performed in order to analyze data. Results: Young age, childhood history of emotional and sexual abuse, depression, and a low level of spirituality were significant independent factors for increased suicide attempts. Depression was reported to mediate the relationship between childhood emotional and sexual abuse, spirituality, and suicide attempts. Conclusions: Identifying the factors that significantly affect suicidality may be important for establishing effective plans of suicide prevention. Strategic assessments and interventions aimed at decreasing depression and supporting spirituality may be valuable for suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Tae
- Stress Clinic, Health Promotion Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Chae
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Song CR, Kang NO, Bang M, Park CI, Choi TK, Lee SH. Initial white matter connectivity differences between remitters and non-remitters of patients with panic disorder after 6 months of pharmacotherapy. Neurosci Lett 2021; 751:135826. [PMID: 33727131 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) is a harmful mental condition that causes relapsed and persistent impairment. In the treatment of PD, the prognosis for PD should be considered. However, the relationship between pharmacotherapy and biomarkers, for predicting a better response through neuroimaging, is a little known. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether there would be the initial white matter (WM) regions associated with the remission in 6 months. A total of 104 patients with PD were investigated in the study. After six months, there were 17 remission patients with PD and 81 non-remission patients. The Panic Disorder Severity Scale, Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire, Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory-Revised, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory were assessed for all patients at baseline. We compared the diffusion indices between remission and non-remission group at 6 months using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics. The results showed that the fractional anisotropy (FA) values were significantly higher in the non-remitter group compared with those in the remitter group in the WM regions, such as the posterior corona radiata and superior longitudinal fasciculus, at the 6 month evaluation. The logistic regression analysis with clinical symptom severity and FA values of the WM regions as covariates showed that FA values in those regions and the Beck Depression Inventory-II predicted poor remission. This study suggests that posterior corona radiata and superior longitudinal fasciculus are related to potential predictive factors of 6-month remission in patients with PD. WM regions associated with the long-term remission should be verified with further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Rim Song
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Clinical Counseling Psychology Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ok Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Il Park
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kiu Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Baek IC, Jo S, Kim EJ, Lee GR, Lee DH, Jeon HJ. A Review of Suicide Risk Assessment Tools and Their Measured Psychometric Properties in Korea. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:679779. [PMID: 34239463 PMCID: PMC8258346 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.679779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While there has been a slew of review studies on suicide measurement tools until now, there were not any reviews focusing on suicide assessment tools available in Korea. This review aimed to examine the psychometric properties of tools developed in Korea or the translated versions from the original tools in their foreign language and to identify potential improvements and supplements for these tools. A literature search was done using the Korean academic information search service, Research Information Service System, to identify the suicide measures to be included in this review. Abstracts were screened to identify which measures were used to assess suicide-related factors. Based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 tools remained and we assessed their psychometric properties. The current review indicated several major findings. First, many of the tools did not report predictive validity and even those with predictive validity were based on past suicide attempts. Second, some of the tools overlooked the interactive component for the cause of suicide. In addition, information to supplement the self-reported and clinician-administered reports by collecting reports from the subjects' families and acquaintances is needed. It is also important to develop a screening tool that examines other aspects of an individual's personal life, including unemployment, bereavement, divorce, and childhood trauma. Moreover, tools that have been studied in more diverse groups of the population are needed to increase external validity. Finally, the linguistic translation of the tools into Korean needs to consider other cultural, social, and psychological factors of the sample of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Chul Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soobin Jo
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Korea Psychological Autopsy Center (KPAC), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ga Ryoung Lee
- Department of Education, Traumatic Stress Center, Sungkyunkwan University College of Education, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Education, Traumatic Stress Center, Sungkyunkwan University College of Education, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Korea Psychological Autopsy Center (KPAC), Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Department of Medical Device Management & Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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Park D, Kim S, Shin C, Suh S. Prevalence of and factors associated with nightmares in the elderly in a population based cohort study. Sleep Med 2020; 78:15-23. [PMID: 33373930 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nightmares are extremely unpleasant and vivid recurring dreams that are accompanied with awakening during sleep. However, earlier studies were mostly conducted with children and adults, with very few studies on nightmares in older adults. This population-based study aims to investigate the prevalence of nightmares and its associated factors nightmares in the elderly. METHODS This study utilized a subsample from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Participants (n = 2940; mean age 63.71 ± 6.73) completed the questionnaires on nightmares (Disturbing Dream and Nightmare Severity Index; DDNSI), depression, suicidal ideation, sleep quality and stress. RESULTS Among the sample, 2.7% (n = 79) were classified into the nightmare group (NG), which was classified with DDNSI scores. In the age group over 70, prevalence of nightmares was 6.3% (n = 37), which was significantly higher than other age groups. Marital status, employment status and family income were associated with nightmares. Additionally, NG reported significantly more sleep problems, higher suicidal ideation, depression and stress compared to the non-nightmare group (N-NG). Logistic regression analyses results indicated that the NG was 4.35 times at higher risk for depression, and 3.16 higher risks for stress, and 3.45 higher risks for suicidal ideation compared to the N-NG after controlling for covariates. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that psychological and demographic factors are associated with nightmares in the elderly. Furthermore, this population-based cohort study showed the prevalence of nightmares increased after age 70, which suggests the need for further studies of nightmares in older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasom Park
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soriul Kim
- Institute for Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Institute for Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Pulmonary Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sooyeon Suh
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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The Development of a Sleep Intervention for Firefighters: The FIT-IN (Firefighter's Therapy for Insomnia and Nightmares) Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238738. [PMID: 33255478 PMCID: PMC7727785 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: Firefighters are vulnerable to irregular sleep patterns and sleep disturbance due to work characteristics such as shift work and frequent dispatch. However, there are few studies investigating intervention targeting sleep for firefighters. This preliminary study aimed to develop and test a sleep intervention, namely FIT-IN (Firefighter’s Therapy for Insomnia and Nightmares), which was based on existing evidence-based treatment tailored to firefighters in consideration of their occupational characteristics. Methods: This study implemented a single-group pre-post study design, utilizing an intervention developed based on brief behavior therapy for insomnia with imagery rehearsal therapy components. FIT-IN consisted of a total of three sessions (two face-to-face group sessions and one telephone session). Participants were recruited from Korean fire stations, and a total of 39 firefighters participated. Participants completed a sleep diary for two weeks, as well as the following questionnaires to assess their sleep and psychological factors: insomnia severity index (ISI), disturbing dream and nightmare severity index (DDNSI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), depressive symptom inventory-suicidality subscale (DSI), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). These questionnaires were administered before the first session and at the end of the second session. Results: The FIT-IN program produced improvements in sleep indices. There was a significant increase in sleep efficiency (p < 0.01), and a decrease in sleep onset latency, number of awakenings, and time in bed (p < 0.05), as derived from weekly sleep diaries. In addition, significant decreases were shown for insomnia (p < 0.001) and nightmare severity (p < 0.01). Conclusion: There were significant improvements in sleep and other clinical indices (depression, PTSD scores) when comparing pre-and post-intervention scores. FIT-IN may be a feasible and practical option in alleviating sleep disturbance in this population. Further studies will be needed to ascertain FIT-IN’s effectiveness.
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Kim SW, Kim MK, Kim B, Choi TK, Lee SH. White matter connectivity differences between treatment responders and non-responders in patients with panic disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 260:527-535. [PMID: 31539689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panic disorder (PD) is a prevalent and highly disabling mental condition. However, less is known about relationships between biomarkers that may together predict a better response to pharmacological treatment. The objective of the present study was to compare the brain white matter (WM) connectivity between treatment-responsive patients with panic disorder (RPD) and non-responsive patients with panic disorder (NRPD) after 12 weeks of pharmacotherapy. METHODS Sixty-four patients with PD were enrolled in this study (RPD, n = 37; NRPD, n = 27). All patients were examined by using magnetic resonance imaging at 3 Tesla. The Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire (APPQ), Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory-Revised (ASI-R), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered at baseline of the study. Fractional anisotropy (FA) data were compared using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). RESULTS TBSS results showed that the FA values of the patients with NRPD were significantly higher than of those with RPD in the WM regions such as the precentral gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, posterior corona radiata, posterior thalamic radiation, posterior parts of the corpus callosum, and precuneus. Symptom severity scales, such as ASI-R scores, showed significant positive correlations of the FA values with the fronto-temporal WM regions in NRPD. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that structural changes to areas such as the fronto-limbic regions and the posterior part of default mode network, could influence medication response in PD. Further studies with a larger number of patients should be performed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Woong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13492, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13492, Republic of Korea
| | - Borah Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13492, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kiu Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13492, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13492, Republic of Korea.
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An H, Chung SJ, Suh S. Validation of the Korean Bedtime Procrastination Scale in Young Adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.13078/jsm.19030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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