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Fahmy K, Hasan Q, Sharifuzzaman M, Hutin Y. Analyzing Subnational Immunization Coverage to Catch up and Reach the Unreached in Seven High-Priority Countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2019-2021. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:285. [PMID: 38543919 PMCID: PMC10975705 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12030285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Yearly national immunization coverage reporting does not measure performance at the subnational level throughout the year and conceals inequalities within countries. We analyzed subnational immunization coverage from seven high-priority countries in our region. We analyzed subnational, monthly immunization data from seven high-priority countries. Five were Gavi eligible (i.e., Afghanistan, Pakistan, Somalia, Syria, and Yemen); these are countries that according to their low income are eligible for support from the Global Alliance on Vaccine and Immunization, while Iraq and Jordan were included because of a recent decrease in immunization coverage and contribution to the regional number of under and unimmunized children. DTP3 coverage, which is considered as the main indicator for the routine immunization coverage as the essential component of the immunization program performance, varied monthly in 2019-2021 before reaching pre-pandemic coverage in the last two months of 2021. Somalia and Yemen had a net gain in DTP3 coverage at the end of 2021, as improvement in 2021 exceeded the regression in 2020. In Pakistan and Iraq, DTP3 improvement in 2021 equaled the 2020 regression. In Afghanistan, Syria and Jordan, the regression in DTP3 coverage continued in 2020 and 2021. The number of districts with at least 6000 zero-dose children improved moderately in Afghanistan and substantially in Somalia throughout the follow-up period. In Pakistan, the geographical distribution differed between 2020 and 2021.Of the three countries with the highest number of zero-dose children, DTP1 coverage reached 109% in Q4 of 2020 after a sharp drop to 69% in Q2 of 2020. However, in Pakistan, the number of zero-dose children decreased to 1/10 of its burden in Q4 of 2021. In Afghanistan, the number of zero-dose children more than a doubled. Among the even countries, adaptation of immunization service to the pandemic varied, depending on the agility of the health system and the performance of the components of the expanded program on immunization. We recommended monitoring administrative monthly immunization coverage data at the subnational level to detect low-performing districts, plan catchup, identify bottlenecks towards reaching unvaccinated children and customize strategies to improve the coverage in districts with zero-dose children throughout the year and monitor progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Fahmy
- Universal Health Coverage (UHC)/Department of Communicable Disease Prevention and Control (DCD), Immunization, Vaccine Preventable Diseases and Polio Transition (IVP), World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 34222, Egypt; (Q.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Quamrul Hasan
- Universal Health Coverage (UHC)/Department of Communicable Disease Prevention and Control (DCD), Immunization, Vaccine Preventable Diseases and Polio Transition (IVP), World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 34222, Egypt; (Q.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Md Sharifuzzaman
- Universal Health Coverage (UHC)/Department of Communicable Disease Prevention and Control (DCD), Immunization, Vaccine Preventable Diseases and Polio Transition (IVP), World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 34222, Egypt; (Q.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Yvan Hutin
- Universal Health Coverage (UHC)/Department of Communicable Disease Prevention and Control (DCD), World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo 11371, Egypt;
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JaKa MM, Ziegenfuss JY, Dinh JM, Jacobson LJ, Kottke TE, Knudson SM, Heim CC, Gallagher JM, Campbell KD, Rivard RL, Pronk NP. Evidence to support health system prioritization of health behaviors in the COVID-19 era. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 83:77-83. [PMID: 38423235 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the COVID-19 pandemic health systems have shifted necessarily from chronic to infectious disease treatment, but chronic disease remains critical. One large health system uniquely tracks member health behaviors. This analysis compares data from select months of an ongoing monthly cross-sectional survey before and during the pandemic. METHODS Responses in April 2019 (pre-pandemic), April 2020 (early pandemic) or April 2021 (later pandemic) were included in the primary analysis (N = 252). Differences in meeting health behavior guidelines were analyzed via logistic regression. RESULTS A significant decline was seen for physical activity (19% not meeting guidelines pre-pandemic vs. 41% later pandemic) but not fruit/vegetable, alcohol, or sleep from early to later pandemic. Prevalence of women not meeting tobacco guidelines increased from early (5%) to later pandemic (10%) while prevalence in men decreased (10% vs 4% respectively). The percent of people not thinking about the good things that happen to them fluctuated closely with reports of new COVID-19 cases. CONCLUSIONS Findings show the nuance of changing health behaviors throughout the pandemic. Results should be used by health systems to tailor support based on insights from the pandemic experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan M JaKa
- Center for Evaluation & Survey Research, HealthPartners Institute, 8170 33(rd) Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America.
| | - Jeanette Y Ziegenfuss
- Center for Evaluation & Survey Research, HealthPartners Institute, 8170 33(rd) Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Jennifer M Dinh
- Center for Evaluation & Survey Research, HealthPartners Institute, 8170 33(rd) Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Laura J Jacobson
- Center for Evaluation & Survey Research, HealthPartners Institute, 8170 33(rd) Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Thomas E Kottke
- HealthPartners Institute, 8170 33(rd) Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America; HealthPartners, 8170 33rd Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Susan M Knudson
- HealthPartners, 8170 33rd Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Chad C Heim
- HealthPartners, 8170 33rd Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Jason M Gallagher
- HealthPartners, 8170 33rd Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Kevin D Campbell
- HealthPartners, 8170 33rd Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Rachael L Rivard
- Center for Evaluation & Survey Research, HealthPartners Institute, 8170 33(rd) Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- HealthPartners Institute, 8170 33(rd) Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America; HealthPartners, 8170 33rd Ave S, Bloomington, MN 55425, United States of America
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Xiao K, Bolger JC, Allison F, Darling GE, Yeung JC. Impact of telehealth postoperative care on early outcomes following esophagectomy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024:S0022-5223(24)00110-7. [PMID: 38340955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To address the short-term clinical outcomes of patients postesophagectomy who underwent telehealth care following surgery. The primary objective was to compare the frequency of emergency department admission between telehealth and in-person cohorts. Secondary objectives included comparing the frequency of endoscopies and clinic visits, as well as reasons for emergency department admission. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent esophagectomy between March 2018 and May 2022. Patients attending telehealth (phone or video call) surgical follow-up visits, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, were compared with a pre-COVID cohort of patients attending standard in-person care. Demographic data, clinical and disease characteristics, and hospital visit data within 6 months of operation were collected. This included surgical clinic visits, endoscopies, and emergency department admissions. RESULTS There were 168 patients who underwent esophagectomy and had follow-up care between March 2018 and May 2022; 76 telehealth and 92 in-person. Patients attending telehealth appointments had significantly fewer emergency department admissions (0.45 vs 0.79, P = .037) and more endoscopy visits (1.37 vs 0.91, P = .020) compared with patients attending in-person visits. The number of follow-up surgical clinic visits did not differ between the groups. The most frequent reasons for emergency visits for the telehealth cohort included dysphagia, feeding-tube problems, and failure to thrive. For the in-person cohort, feeding-tube complications, inflammation/infection, and failure to thrive were the most common reasons. CONCLUSIONS A program of virtual follow-up, with integrated in person visits and endoscopy as required, is feasible and safe for following patients postesophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karren Xiao
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jarlath C Bolger
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frances Allison
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gail E Darling
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jonathan C Yeung
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Amorim M, Pilkauskas N. "Excess" Doubling Up During COVID: Changes in Children's Shared Living Arrangements. Demography 2023; 60:1283-1307. [PMID: 37643166 DOI: 10.1215/00703370-10949975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The proportion of U.S. children living in doubled-up households, in which a child lives with a parent plus adult kin or nonkin, has increased in the last 40 years. Although shared living arrangements are often understood as a strategy to cope with crises, no research to date has examined changes in children's living arrangements during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the American Community Survey and the Current Population Survey to examine children's doubled-up living arrangements during 2020 and the extent to which children may have experienced "excess" doubling up relative to earlier years. We consider trends by household type (multigenerational, extended with other relatives, and nonrelative households) and differences by demographic characteristics (marital status, race and ethnicity, work status, education, age, and number of coresident children). We find evidence that more than half a million (509,600) children experienced "excess" doubling up in 2020. Greater than expected increases in doubled-up arrangements were driven by increases in multigenerational households, in particular among Black and Hispanic children, young children (under age six), those whose mothers never married, and those whose mothers were not working. Correlates of coresidence remained largely unchanged over time, although having a mother who had never married became a stronger correlate in 2020. Our findings suggest that both economic and instrumental needs likely explained the rise in multigenerational coresidence in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Amorim
- Department of Sociology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Natasha Pilkauskas
- Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Perry KJ, Mutignani LM, Gissandaner TD, Penner F, Santos R, Sarver DE. Testing an integrated dimensional model of adverse childhood experiences: Associations with COVID-19 outcomes. Child Abuse Negl 2023; 143:106239. [PMID: 37244078 PMCID: PMC10176107 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a salient risk factor for a myriad of negative outcomes. Extant theoretical and empirical models traditionally quantify the impact of ACEs using cumulative representations. Recent conceptualizations challenge this framework and theorize that the types of ACEs children are exposed to differentially impacts their future functioning. OBJECTIVE The current study tested an integrated ACEs model using parent-report of child ACEs across four aims: (1) characterize heterogeneity in child ACEs using a latent class analysis (LCA); (2) examine mean level class differences in COVID specific and COVID non-specific environmental factors (i.e., COVID impact, ineffective parenting, effective parenting) and internalizing and externalizing problems during the COVID pandemic; (3) test interactions between COVID impact and ACEs classes in predicting outcomes, and (4) compare a cumulative risk approach to a class membership approach. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A nationally representative sample of U.S. parents (N = 796; 51.8 % fathers, M age = 38.87 years, 60.3 % Non-Hispanic White) completed a cross-sectional survey about themselves and one child (5-16 years old) between February-April 2021. METHOD Measures of child's ACEs history, COVID impact, effective and ineffective parenting, and children's internalizing and externalizing problems were completed by parents. RESULTS A LCA demonstrated three distinct classes of ACEs reflecting low-risk, trauma-risk, and environmental-risk classes. In general, the trauma-risk class had more negative COVID-19 outcomes than the other classes (small to large effect sizes). CONCLUSIONS The classes differentially related to outcomes, providing support for dimensions of ACEs and emphasizing the distinct types of ACEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin J Perry
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, 314 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America.
| | - Lauren M Mutignani
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 300 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America
| | - Tre D Gissandaner
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Francesca Penner
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States of America
| | - Roberto Santos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, MS 39216, United States of America
| | - Dustin E Sarver
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, MS 39216, United States of America; Center for the Advancement of Youth, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 4400 Old, Canton Rd, Jackson, MS 39211, United States of America
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Jost GM, Hang S, Shaikh U, Hostinar CE. Understanding adolescent stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 52:101646. [PMID: 37473661 PMCID: PMC10282927 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies across the globe documented significant increases in psychological stress and mental health problems among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health concerns, school disruptions, and social disconnection were major sources of stress. High levels of perceived stress predicted worse mental health outcomes, with girls, older adolescents, and socio-economically marginalized youth experiencing more pronounced mental health deteriorations. However, social support from family and peers was a protective factor against increased stress and accompanying mental health problems. We urge policymakers and other key decision-makers to improve the availability and financing of mental health services and support programs for adolescents to address the wave of mental health challenges following the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneva M Jost
- University of California-Davis, Psychology Department, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sally Hang
- University of California-Davis, Psychology Department, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ulfat Shaikh
- University of California-Davis, Department of Pediatrics, Davis, CA, USA
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Segura-García S, Barrera-Ramírez A, Gutiérrez-Esparza GO, Groves-Miralrio E, Martínez-García M, Hernández-Lemus E. Effects of social confinement during the first wave of COVID-19 in Mexico City. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1202202. [PMID: 37427289 PMCID: PMC10326270 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1202202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to global social confinement that had a significant impact on people's lives. This includes changes such as increased loneliness and isolation, changes in sleep patterns and social habits, increased substance use and domestic violence, and decreased physical activities. In some cases, it has increased mental health problems, such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Objective The objective of this study is to analyze the living conditions that arose during social confinement in the first wave of COVID-19 within a group of volunteers in Mexico City. Methods This is a descriptive and cross-sectional analysis of the experiences of volunteers during social confinement from 20 March 2020 to 20 December 2020. The study analyzes the impact of confinement on family life, work, mental health, physical activity, social life, and domestic violence. A maximum likelihood generalized linear model is used to determine the association between domestic violence and demographic and health-related factors. Results The findings indicate that social confinement had a significant impact on the participants, resulting in difficulties within families and vulnerable conditions for individuals. Gender and social level differences were observed in work and mental health. Physical activity and social life were also modified. We found that suffering from domestic violence was significantly associated with being unmarried (OR = 1.4454, p-value = 0.0479), lack of self-care in feeding habits (OR = 2.3159, p-value = 0.0084), and most notably, having suffered from a symptomatic COVID-19 infection (OR = 4.0099, p-value = 0.0009). Despite public policy to support vulnerable populations during confinement, only a small proportion of the studied population reported benefiting from it, suggesting areas for improvement in policy. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that social confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the living conditions of people in Mexico City. Modified circumstances on families and individuals, included increased domestic violence. The results can inform policy decisions to improve the living conditions of vulnerable populations during times of social confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Segura-García
- Health Promotion Program, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Mireya Martínez-García
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Barchielli C, Vainieri M, Seghieri C, Salutini E, Zoppi P. The Function of Bed Management in Pandemic Times-A Case Study of Reaction Time and Bed Reconversion. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6179. [PMID: 37372765 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The last decade was characterized by the reduction in hospital beds throughout Europe. When facing the COVID pandemic, this has been an issue of major importance as hospitals were seriously overloaded with an unexpected growth in demand. The dichotomy formed by the scarcity of beds and the need for acute care was handled by the Bed Management (BM) function. This case study explores how BM was able to help the solidness of the healthcare system, managing hospital beds at best and recruiting others in different settings as intermediate care in a large Local Health Authority (LHA) in central Italy. Administrative data show how the provision of appropriate care was achieved by recruiting approximately 500 beds belonging to private healthcare facilities affiliated with the regional healthcare system and exercising the best BM function. The ability of the system to absorb the extra demand caused by COVID was made possible by using intermediate care beds, which were allowed to stretch the logistic boundaries of the hospitals, and by the promptness of Bed Management in converting beds into COVID beds and reconverting them, and by the timely management of internal patient logistics, thus creating space according to the healthcare demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Barchielli
- Management and Healthcare Laboratory, Institute of Management, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, 50123 Firenze, Italy
| | - Milena Vainieri
- Management and Healthcare Laboratory, Institute of Management, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Seghieri
- Management and Healthcare Laboratory, Institute of Management, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Eleonora Salutini
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, 50123 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paolo Zoppi
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, 50123 Firenze, Italy
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Tagare S, Nair M, Venkatesh R. Incremental innovations in operation theaters. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:2629. [PMID: 37322721 PMCID: PMC10417948 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_15_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The field of ophthalmology has been built upon continuous innovations. COVID-19 pandemic has been an important driving force behind many innovations in ophthalmology and other branches of medicine. Innovations in ophthalmology has been a key to surgical progress. The process of promoting innovation in surgery is imperative in the evolving practice of ophthalmology. Purpose In this video we demonstrate some incremental innovations in operation theaters which help in increasing the efficiency and improving the performance of a surgeon. These innovations also provide a more comfortable environment for the patient undergoing the surgery. Synopsis A few incremental innovations that are described in our video also help in preventing the spread of COVID infection during surgery. This video also showcases a few wet lab innovations that help train residents in their surgical skills. Highlights Use and reuse of simple materials make it cost effective and ecofriendly. These incremental innovations help in the smooth running of operation theaters. Thus, they are small improvements in the existing setup and help in creating a smooth and error free OT flow. Video Link https://youtu.be/thFLvC-XykE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj Tagare
- Retina and Vitreous Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India
| | - Megha Nair
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India
| | - R Venkatesh
- Glaucoma Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India
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Murphy S, Danaia L, Tinkler J, Collins F. Parents' experiences of mathematics learning at home during the COVID-19 pandemic: a typology of parental engagement in mathematics education. Educ Stud Math 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37362797 PMCID: PMC10068714 DOI: 10.1007/s10649-023-10224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The COVID pandemic disrupted the schooling of students worldwide resulting in many having had a period of at-home learning. Many parents found themselves assuming responsibility for supporting their children's at-home learning. Parents often find it difficult to support their children's mathematics learning compared with other curriculum areas. There has been limited research exploring parental engagement in mathematics education generally, and little into parental engagement in mathematics education during the COVID pandemic. This paper examines how parents supported their child's mathematics education during the school closures and identifies the factors that impacted this engagement. The Ecologies of Parental Engagement (EPE) model was used to help describe the engagement of different parents in mathematics education during the school closures and to examine the way the home space and available capital shaped parental engagement. Eight parents were selected from a larger Australian study that explored the impact of the pandemic-induced period of at-home schooling on primary school mathematics and science. One-on-one narrative interviews were conducted online with participants. Analysis identified three categories of parental engagement: monitors, facilitators, and enhancers. Parents in each category responded to their role in at-home learning differently, and accessed and activated different capital to support their child's at-home learning in mathematics during the pandemic. Results highlight the value of emotional capital, as well as knowledge of mathematics and mathematics education, with implications for schools hoping to engage parents in mathematics learning. The study offers a typology to be explored in future research concerning parental engagement in mathematics education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Murphy
- School of Education, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Victoria Australia
| | - Lena Danaia
- School of Education, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, New South Wales Australia
| | - Jacquie Tinkler
- School of Education, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales Australia
| | - Fiona Collins
- School of Education, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales Australia
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Dixon S, De Simoni A, Szilassy E, Emsley E, Wileman V, Feder G, Downes L, Barbosa EC, Panovska-Griffiths J, Griffiths C, Dowrick A. General practice wide adaptations to support patients affected by DVA during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid qualitative study. BMC Prim Care 2023; 24:78. [PMID: 36959527 PMCID: PMC10034249 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reporting of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) increased globally during the pandemic. General Practice has a central role in identifying and supporting those affected by DVA. Pandemic associated changes in UK primary care included remote initial contacts with primary care and predominantly remote consulting. This paper explores general practice's adaptation to DVA care during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Remote semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone with staff from six localities in England and Wales where the Identification and Referral to Improve Safety (IRIS) primary care DVA programme is commissioned. We conducted interviews between April 2021 and February 2022 with three practice managers, three reception and administrative staff, eight general practice clinicians and seven specialist DVA staff. Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPI&E) advisers with lived experience of DVA guided the project. Together we developed recommendations for primary care teams based on our findings. RESULTS We present our findings within four themes, representing primary care adaptations in delivering DVA care: 1. Making general practice accessible for DVA care: staff adapted telephone triaging processes for appointments and promoted availability of DVA support online. 2. General practice team-working to identify DVA: practices developed new approaches of collaboration, including whole team adaptations to information processing and communication 3. Adapting to remote consultations about DVA: teams were required to adapt to challenges including concerns about safety, privacy, and developing trust remotely. 4. Experiences of onward referrals for specialist DVA support: support from specialist services was effective and largely unchanged during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Disruption caused by pandemic restrictions revealed how team dynamics and interactions before, during and after clinical consultations contribute to identifying and supporting patients experiencing DVA. Remote assessment complicates access to and delivery of DVA care. This has implications for all primary and secondary care settings, within the NHS and internationally, which are vital to consider in both practice and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Dixon
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna De Simoni
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Eszter Szilassy
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Elizabeth Emsley
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Vari Wileman
- Department of Psychology, Mental Health & Psychological Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Gene Feder
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Estela Capelas Barbosa
- Violence and Society Centre, School of Policy and Global Affairs, City University of London, London, UK
| | - Jasmina Panovska-Griffiths
- The Big Data Institute and The Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Queen’s College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chris Griffiths
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anna Dowrick
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, UK
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Yamada Y, Uchida T, Sasaki S, Taguri M, Shiose T, Ikenoue T, Fukuma S. Nudge-Based Interventions on Health Promotion Activity Among Very Old People: A Pragmatic, 2-Arm, Participant-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:390-394.e5. [PMID: 36529275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social distancing due to the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis can exacerbate inactivity in older adults. Novel approaches for older adults must be designed to improve their activity and maintain their health. This study examined the effect of nudge-based behavioral interventions on health-promoting activities in older adults in Japan. DESIGN Two-arm, participant-blinded randomized controlled trial. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Japanese continuing care retirement community residents (n = 99, median age 82 years, 73% women) INTERVENTION: Two-step nudge-based behavioral intervention promoting tablet usage. METHODS We enrolled participants from an ongoing Internet of Things project in a retirement community in Japan. For the health promotion program, tablet computers were installed in a common area for participants to receive information about their health. The intervention group received a 1-time loss-emphasized nudge (first step), followed by asking questions about when they planned to use it again (second step). The control group used the tablet computers without being asked those questions. The main outcome was the participants' mean daily tablet activity every 4 weeks for the next 16 weeks. RESULTS Ninety-nine individuals were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The rate ratios for tablet use were significantly higher in the intervention group in the second and third periods. The subgroup analysis showed that these effects were largely attributable to men. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Nudge-based interventions can be effective in promoting activities for older adults, especially older men. The finding of this study indicates a possible intervention to engage people who are socially isolated.
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13
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Bi AS, Azam MT, Butler JJ, Alaia MJ, Jazrawi LM, Gonzalez-Lomas G, Kennedy JG. Increased incidence of acute achilles tendon ruptures in the peri-pandemic COVID era with parallels to the 2021-22 NFL season. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2023; 31:2160-2165. [PMID: 36645466 PMCID: PMC9842209 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-023-07309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute Achilles tendon ruptures (AATRs) are a common sporting injury, whether for recreational athletes or elite athletes. Prior research has shown returning to physical activity after extended periods of inactivity leads to increased rates of musculoskeletal injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate rates of acute Achilles' tendon ruptures at a single academic institute in the peri-COVID era, with corollary to the recent NFL season. METHODS A retrospective search was conducted using current procedural terminology to identify the total number of Achilles acute primary repair surgeries performed from years 2017 to 2021. Non-operatively managed AATRs were identified from the same electronic medical record using ICD-10 codes. NFL data were obtained from publicly available sites according to previously validated studies. RESULTS A total of 588 patients who sustained AATRs and underwent primary surgical repair were identified, primarily men (75.7%, n = 445), with an average age of 43.22 ± 14.4 years. The number and corresponding incidence of AATR repairs per year was: 2017: n = 124 (21.1%), 2018: n = 110 (18.7%), 2019: n = 130 (22.1%), 2020: n = 86 (14.6%), 2021: n = 138 (23.5%), indicating a 7.5% decrease in rate of AATRs from 2019 to 2020, followed by an 8.9% increase in incidence from 2020 to 2021. Within the NFL, the number of AATRs resulting in an injured reserve stint increased every regular season from 2019 to 2020: n = 11 (21.2%), to 2020-2021: n = 17 (32.7%), to this past 2021-2022 season: n = 24 (46.2%). CONCLUSION AATR surgeries seem to have increased in 2021 following a 2020 COVID pandemic-induced quarantine for recreational athletes at a single academic institution and for professional athletes in the NFL, although these results are of questionable clinical significance. This provides prognostic information when counseling patients and athletes on return to activity or sport. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Bi
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 301 E 17th St, New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Mohammad T. Azam
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Foot and Ankle Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 171 Delancey St. 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10002 USA
| | - James J. Butler
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Foot and Ankle Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 171 Delancey St. 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10002 USA
| | - Michael J. Alaia
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 333 East 38th St, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Laith M. Jazrawi
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 333 East 38th St, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Guillem Gonzalez-Lomas
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 333 East 38th St, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - John G. Kennedy
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Foot and Ankle Surgery, NYU Langone Health, 171 Delancey St. 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10002 USA
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14
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Cione C, Vetter E, Jackson D, McCarthy S, Castañeda E. The Implications of Health Disparities: A COVID-19 Risk Assessment of the Hispanic Community in El Paso. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:975. [PMID: 36673730 PMCID: PMC9859471 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Latinos have suffered from disproportionately high rates of hospitalization and death related to the virus. Health disparities based on race and ethnicity are directly associated with heightened mortality and burden of illness and act as underlying causes for the staggering impacts of COVID-19 in Latin communities in the United States. This is especially true in the city of El Paso, Texas, where over 82% of the population is Hispanic. To ascertain the level of danger that COVID-19 poses in El Paso, we constructed a point-in-time risk assessment of its Latin population and assessed a Latin individual's likelihood of hospitalization or death related to COVID-19 by comparing relevant health profiles with high-risk co-morbidities that the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) identified in 2020. Data for this risk assessment come from 1152 surveys conducted in El Paso. The assessment included comprehensive demographic, socioeconomic, and health data to analyze disparities across Hispanic sub-populations in the city. Results revealed that around 49.3% of Hispanics in the study had been previously diagnosed with a high-risk co-morbidity and therefore have an increased likelihood of hospitalization or death related to COVID-19. Additional factors that led to increased risk included low income, homelessness, lack of U.S. citizenship, and being insured. The findings from this study additionally demonstrate that structural inequality in the U.S. must be addressed, and preventive measures must be taken at local and state levels to decrease the mortality of pandemics. Baseline population health data can help with both of these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Cione
- Center for Latin American and Latino Studies, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Emma Vetter
- Department of Sociology & Anthropology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Deziree Jackson
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Sarah McCarthy
- Department of Sociology, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Ernesto Castañeda
- Department of Sociology, Center for Latin American and Latino Studies, Immigration Lab, Center for Health, Risk, and Society, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
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15
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Benarous X, Brocheton C, Bonnay C, Boissel L, Crovetto C, Lahaye H, Guilé JM, Theret P, Gondry J, Foulon A. Postpartum maternal anxiety and depression during COVID-19 pandemic: Rates, risk factors and relations with maternal bonding. Neuropsychiatr Enfance Adolesc 2023; 71:44-51. [PMID: 36540656 PMCID: PMC9755008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurenf.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to determine the rates of clinically-significant anxiety and depressive symptoms during the immediate postpartum in a sample of women referred to a university maternity department, as well as the associated risk factors and the relations with the level of maternal bonding. Patients and methods During the third national lockdown for the COVID-19 pandemic (February-April 2021), on days 2-3 after delivery 127 mothers were administrated the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS), the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI-YA), the mother-to-infant bonding scale (MIBS) and questions issued from the coronavirus health impact survey questionnaire (CRISIS). Results The rate of perinatal clinically-significant symptoms were 17% for depression (EPDS cut-off ≥ 12) and 15% for anxiety (STAI-YA cut-off ≥ 40). In the multivariate analysis, being a single mother, risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2, risk that a close relative might be infected by the SARS-CoV2 and the length of stay in maternity were associated with an increased EPDS total score, while breastfeeding was associated with a lower EPDS total score. Six variables remained positively associated with the STAI-YA total score in the multivariate model: the maternal level of academic achievement, a hospitalization during the pregnancy, peripartum medical complications, risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2, risk of a close relative being infected by the SARS-CoV2 and physical fatigue. Low but statistically significant correlations were found between the MIBS total score and the EPDS total score (rs = 0.26) and with the STAI-YA total score (rs = 0.26). Discussion The observed rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms were in the same range as those reported in observational studies conducted in high-resource countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Risk of being infected by the SARS-CoV2 was both an independent risk factor for anxiety and depressive symptoms. The relations between the measure of maternal bonding and the severity of maternal emotional symptoms call for a better consideration of the long-term consequences of the pandemic on children's socio-emotional development.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Benarous
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Amiens University Hospital, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Site Sud, 80054 Amiens, France,INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France,Corresponding author
| | - C. Brocheton
- INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France
| | - C. Bonnay
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - L. Boissel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Amiens University Hospital, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Site Sud, 80054 Amiens, France,INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France
| | - C. Crovetto
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Amiens University Hospital, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Site Sud, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - H. Lahaye
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Amiens University Hospital, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Site Sud, 80054 Amiens, France,INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France
| | - J.-M. Guilé
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Amiens University Hospital, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Site Sud, 80054 Amiens, France,INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France,Child and Adolescent Psychiatrie Department, Établissement Publique de Santé Mentale de la Somme, France
| | - P. Theret
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - J. Gondry
- INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France,Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - A. Foulon
- INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France,Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
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16
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Mellado-Sola I, Rodríguez-Molino P, Armas EA, Nogueira López J, Falces-Romero I, Rey CC, Grasa Lozano C, Mellado MJ, López-Hortelano MG, Sainz T. Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic on Tuberculosis and Other Imported Diseases Screening among Migrant Minors in Spain. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 8. [PMID: 36668935 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, the increase in population movements has turned the focus to imported diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the access to health care systems, especially in highly vulnerable populations. We address the effects of the pandemic on the health screening of migrant unaccompanied minors (UM) in Spain. METHOD Retrospective cross-sectional study including UM screened for imported diseases with a unified protocol at a pediatric reference unit for tropical and infectious diseases in Madrid, Spain. We compared the pre-pandemic (2018-2019) and post-pandemic periods (2020-2021). RESULTS A total of 192 minors were screened during the study period, with a drop in UM's referral to our center in the post-pandemic years (140 in 2018-2019 vs. 52 in 2020-2021). Out of 192, 161 (83.9%) were diagnosed with at least one medical condition. The mean age was 16.8 years (SD 0.8) and 96.9% were males. Most cases were referred for a health exam; only 38% of children were symptomatic. Eosinophilia was present in 20.8%. The most common diagnosis were latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) (72.9%), schistosomiasis (15.1%), toxocariasis (4.9%) and strongyloidiasis (4.9%). The prevalence of LTBI did not vary significantly (69.3% vs. 82.7%, p = 0.087). A total of 38% of the patients diagnosed with LTBI never started treatment or were lost to follow-up, as were two out of three patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS In this series, the number of UM referred for health screening has dropped dramatically after the COVID pandemic, and two years after the beginning of the pandemic, access to care is still limited. Lost to follow-up rates are extremely high despite institutionalization. Specific resources, including multidisciplinary teams and accessible units are needed to improve diagnoses and linkage to care in this vulnerable population.
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17
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Domínguez D JF, Truong J, Burnett J, Satyen L, Akhlaghi H, Stella J, Rushworth N, Caeyenberghs K. Effects of the Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Assault-Related Head Injury in Melbourne: A Retrospective Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:63. [PMID: 36612383 PMCID: PMC9819794 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Assault is the leading preventable cause of death, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and associated mental health problems. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on patterns of interpersonal violence across the world. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we analysed medical records of 1232 assault victims (domestic violence: 111, random assault: 900, prison assault: 221) with head injuries who presented to the emergency department (ED) at St Vincent's Hospital in Melbourne, Australia, a city with one of the longest and most severe COVID-19 restrictions worldwide. We examined changes in prevalence in the assault group overall and in domestic violence, random assault, and prison assault victims, comparing data from 19.5 months before and after the first day of COVID-19 restrictions in Melbourne. Moreover, we investigated differences driven by demographic factors (Who: age group, sex, and nationality) and clinical variables (Where: assault location, and When: time of arrival to the ED and time from moment of injury until presentation at ED). Descriptive statistics and chi-square analyses were performed. We found the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the Where of assault-related TBI, with a shift in the location of assaults from the street to the home, and the increase at home being driven by random assaults on middle-aged adults. Overall, we observed that 86% of the random assault cases were males, whereas 74% of the domestic assault cases were females. Meanwhile, nearly half (44%) of the random assault victims reported alcohol consumption versus a fifth (20%) of domestic violence victims. These findings will have direct implications for developing screening tools and better preventive and ameliorative interventions to manage the sequelae of assault TBI, particularly in the context of future large-scale health crises or emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Domínguez D
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Johnny Truong
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Jake Burnett
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Lata Satyen
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Hamed Akhlaghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Julian Stella
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Geelong Hospital, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | | | - Karen Caeyenberghs
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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18
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Carmont MR, Morgan F, Fakoya K, Heaver C, Brorsson A, Nilsson-Helander K. The influence of the COVID pandemic on the epidemiology of Achilles tendon ruptures in east Shropshire, United Kingdom. J ISAKOS 2022; 8:94-100. [PMID: 36375752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jisako.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Management strategies of the COVID pandemic included isolation to prevent transmission. This study aimed to determine if the pandemic of 2020 influenced the epidemiology of Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). METHODS The demographics of presentations from the local population to Princess Royal Hospital, Shrewsbury & Telford Hospital NHS Trust hospital, Shropshire, United Kingdom, with an ATR were analysed and compared together with the season, month, and year of the injury. RESULTS From 2009 to 2019, there was no significant change in the incidence of ATR over time with a mean (SD) incidence of 13.3 per 100,000. In 2020, there was a decrease in injuries with an incidence of 8.4 per 100,000, with an increase in 2021 to 22.4 per 100,000. In 2021, there was an increase in injuries from March with numbers maintained until October. The most common activity of ATR was team sport (36.2%), followed by the activities of daily living (28.9%), other physical activities (21.0%), and racket sports (13.9%). In 2020, there was the lowest number of injuries sustained in team and racket sports; however, in 2021, they accounted for over half of injuries. CONCLUSIONS There were significantly more patients sustaining ATR in 2021, the year after the COVID pandemic and mandatory isolation. This was considered to be related to altered activity and team and racket sports during 2020. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE IV case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Carmont
- The Department of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Princess Royal Hospital, Shrewsbury & Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Shropshire, TF1 6TF, United Kingdom; The Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, 41390, Sweden.
| | - Fraser Morgan
- The Department of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Princess Royal Hospital, Shrewsbury & Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Shropshire, TF1 6TF, United Kingdom
| | - Keji Fakoya
- The Department of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Princess Royal Hospital, Shrewsbury & Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Shropshire, TF1 6TF, United Kingdom
| | - Catriona Heaver
- The Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, SY10 7AG, United Kingdom
| | - Annelie Brorsson
- The Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, 41390, Sweden
| | - Katarina Nilsson-Helander
- The Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, 41390, Sweden
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Alizadeh N, Darjani A, Rafiei R, Gharaeinejad K, Eftekhari H, Bahrami E, Rafiei E. Dermatologic problems associated with personal protective equipment in health-care workers managing COVID-19 patients. J Res Med Sci 2022; 27:80. [PMID: 36438073 PMCID: PMC9693753 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_921_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safety of health-care workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic is a major concern worldwide. Dermatological problems due to personal protective equipment are annoying issues. We aimed to evaluate dermatological adverse events following the use of these protections in HCWs managing COVID-19 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and fifty-six workers managing COVID-19 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We conducted face-to-face interviews to collect the data and focused mainly on protection type and mucocutaneous symptoms with new onset or exaggeration after this equipment. RESULTS Dermatological problems following protective equipment usage occurred mainly during the 1st week (65.4%). The most common site of skin involvement was the nose (82.7%) and the most frequent visible complaints were the pressure effect and erythema on the nose in 80.8% and 57.7% of cases, respectively. There was a significant association between mask type and facial skin problems (P < 0.001). The main symptoms were itching (21.8% scalp, 39.1% face and body) and burning sensation (14.1% scalp, 23.7% face and body). Skin desquamation (37.2%) and dorsal hand dermatitis (41.66%) were significantly more frequent in atopic participants (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively). Hand involvement was significantly associated with frequency of hand washing (odds ratio = 1.97, 95% confidence interval = 1.04-3.74, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION We found that skin problems related to protective equipment were common and frequently located on the face mainly due to facial masks. These complications should be prevented by proper use of this equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Alizadeh
- Skin Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abbas Darjani
- Skin Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Rana Rafiei
- Skin Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Rana Rafiei, Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Center, School of Medicine, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rana Rafiei, Rasht, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Kaveh Gharaeinejad
- Skin Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hojat Eftekhari
- Skin Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Elahe Bahrami
- Skin Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Elahe Rafiei
- Razi Clinical Research Development Unit, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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20
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Raja N AA, Osman NA, Alqethami AM, Abd El-Fatah NK. The relationship between the high-risk disordered eating and social network navigation among Saudi college females during the COVID pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:949051. [PMID: 36148353 PMCID: PMC9486004 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.949051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) are complex health issues that may lead to negative physical and mental health outcomes among college students. More studies should be directed toward the screening of DEBs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of DEBs among Saudi female university students and their association with social networking site (SNSs) usage and composite lifestyle behaviors during the unprecedented period of COVID-19. Methods This cross-sectional study included 445 females recruited using stratified random sampling. The participants self-reported demographic, social, medical, and lifestyle data and completed the validated Arabic version of the Eating Attitudes Test-26, Social Networking Sites (SNSs) Usage Questionnaire, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, and Body Shape Questionnaire. Results The prevalence of DEBs was 27.2% among the female students at Taif University. From the pre-pandemic period until the current time, the DEBs-risk group had a significantly higher SNS navigation rate (36.4%) than the normal group (20.4%) (X 2 = 30.015, p = 0.001). The regression analysis revealed that females with a significant body image concern, higher number of SNSs friends, and frequent visits to SNSs, and those seeking social-dependent information in relation to weight loss/dieting were more likely to develop DEBs (Overall Model: Chi-Square X 2 = 158.071, p < 0.000**). Conclusions SNSs usage and DEBs were associated during the COVID-pandemic. However, the composite lifestyle score did not demonstrate a significant association with DEBs among the female students at Taif University. Investigating the magnitude of DEBs and understanding the role of SNS are essential for preventing disordered eating among young females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alotaibi Abdulaziz Raja N
- Department of Public Health, Directorate of Health Affairs in Taif, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nermin A. Osman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Muidh Alqethami
- Department of Public Health, Directorate of Health Affairs in Taif, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nesrin Kamal Abd El-Fatah
- Department of Nutrition, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,*Correspondence: Nesrin Kamal Abd El-Fatah
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21
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Rathi SK, Dsouza JM. Maskne: A New Acne Variant in Covid-19 Era. Indian J Dermatol 2022; 67:552-555. [PMID: 36865865 PMCID: PMC9971751 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_1054_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
"Maskne" has been one of the negative spinoffs of the universally acceptable and effective role of face mask in containing the ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus or COVID 19. Several factors contribute to its aetiopathogenesis including heat, humidity, mechanical friction and microbiome dysbiosis in a complex interplay under the occlusive area of the mask. Clinically, the morphology is not very different from acne vulgaris with comedones and inflammatory acne, but in a characteristic distribution over a roughly circular area of face covered by mask. Since the use of face masks is likely to continue in the near future, measures like wearing a comfortably fitting mask of appropriate fabric, using disposable masks, increasing mask-free period when at safer places, avoiding unnecessary use of personal care products over the occluded skin, proper and gentle cleaning of the affected areas, intermittent mopping off of the excessive sebum and sweat and use of specific, topical and systemic therapy could help in its resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K. Rathi
- From the Dr. Rathi's Skin Clinic, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
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22
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Mitra S, Boasquevisque DDS, Noorduyn S, Rodrigues M, Lawson DO, Thabane L, Montori V. A conversation on evidence-based medicine in the COVID-era, patient revolution, and academic career with Dr. Victor Montori. J Evid Based Med 2022; 15:187-191. [PMID: 35927962 PMCID: PMC9537952 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Mitra
- Departments of Pediatrics, Community Health & EpidemiologyDalhousie University and IWK HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | | | - Stephen Noorduyn
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Myanca Rodrigues
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Daeria O. Lawson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
- Population Health Research InstituteMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Victor Montori
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesota
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Meyer CH, Grant A, Sola R, Gills K, Mora AN, Tracy BM, Muralidharan VJ, Koganti D, Todd SR, Butler C, Nguyen J, Hurst S, Udobi K, Sciarretta J, Williams K, Davis M, Dente C, Benjamin E, Ayoung-Chee P, Smith RN. Presentation, clinical course and complications in trauma patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection. Am J Surg 2022; 224:607-611. [PMID: 35534294 PMCID: PMC8978444 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 infection on hospitalized trauma patients. METHODS A retrospective review of hospitalized trauma patients at a level I trauma center was performed from March-December 2020. Data pertaining to patient demographics, presentation and hospital course was compared between COVID positive and negative trauma patients. RESULTS There were 4,912 patients and 179 (3.64%) were COVID-19 positive. Demographics and clinical presentation did not differ significantly between those with and without concomitant COVID-19. However, COVID positive trauma patients had higher rates of acute kidney injury (p = 0.016), sepsis (p = 0.016), unplanned intubation (p = 0.002) and unplanned return to the ICU (p = 0.01). The COVID positive cohort also had longer hospital stays (p < 0.01) with no significant difference in mortality. CONCLUSIONS In the setting of an ongoing pandemic, awareness of the complications COVID positive trauma patients are predisposed to is important for providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Meyer
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - A Grant
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Richard Sola
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - K Gills
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Ariana N Mora
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - B M Tracy
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | | | - D Koganti
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - S R Todd
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - C Butler
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - J Nguyen
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - S Hurst
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - K Udobi
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - J Sciarretta
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - K Williams
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - M Davis
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - C Dente
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - E Benjamin
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - P Ayoung-Chee
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - R N Smith
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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24
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Leber AL, Peterson E, Dien Bard J; Personnel Standards and Workforce Subcommittee, American Society for Microbiology. The Hidden Crisis in the Times of COVID-19: Critical Shortages of Medical Laboratory Professionals in Clinical Microbiology. J Clin Microbiol 2022;:e0024122. [PMID: 35658527 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00241-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID pandemic has put a spotlight on laboratory medicine, showcasing how vital diagnostic testing is for society and the health care system. It has also brought to light and accelerated the critical shortage of trained and experienced laboratory personnel that has been felt for decades. The need for laboratory professionals is expected to grow by 11% between 2020 and 2030, a higher rate of growth than the overall average for all other health care occupations. Here, the background to this workforce shortage is reviewed. Some proposed actions to help address the issue are put forth, including increasing awareness of the medical laboratory science profession along with bolstering training opportunities and awareness of alternate routes to obtaining certification as a medical laboratory scientist. In addition, recent survey data specifically related to the employee shortages in microbiology are presented which demonstrate that 80% of microbiology laboratories have vacant positions and that filling these positions is challenging for a number of reasons, including a lack of qualified applicants.
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Sathitakorn O, Jantarathaneewat K, Weber DJ, Warren DK, Apisarnthanarak A. Factors associated with intensified infection prevention and vaccination practice among Thai health care personnel: A multicenter survey during COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Infect Control 2022; 50:704-706. [PMID: 34971716 PMCID: PMC8712745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Intensified infection prevention (IP) and health care personnel (HCP) vaccination programs could enhance HCP safety during COVID-19 pandemic. A multi-center survey regarding on intensified IP practices and vaccination uptake among HCP was performed. Working in the emergency medicine department was associated with wearing a double mask and face shield (P = .04). Despite having more confidence in care of COVID-19 patients, there was no significant improvement of intensified IP practices, COVID-19 and influenza vaccination programs among “high-risk” HCP.
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Lee HJ, Kim YJ, Lee DH. South Korean validation of the COVID-related-PTSD scale in a non-clinical sample exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:135. [PMID: 35614519 PMCID: PMC9132603 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The threat of COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea and around the globe challenged not only physical health but also mental health, increasing the chances of disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Such pandemic situation can be referred to a traumatic event for citizens. The present study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL-5), which is named the K-COVID-related-PTSD. The scale measures PTSD symptomology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. A total of 1434 South Korean citizens were included in this study. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Mplus 8.0. The results of confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a superior fit for the seven-factor hybrid model (x2 = 1425.445 (df = 149), CFI = 0.950, TLI = 0.937, SRMR = 0.033, RMSEA = 0.077) consisting of re-experiencing, negative affect, anxious arousal, dysphoric arousal, avoidance, anhedonia, and externalizing behaviors. Furthermore, the K-COVID-related-PTSD showed a satisfactory level of internal consistency (α = 0.793 to α = 0.939) with good convergent and discriminant validity. Finally, concurrent validity was confirmed by the significant correlations with all the negative mental health outcomes, such as PTSD symptoms, somatization, depression, anxiety, anger, negative affect, job burnout, and suicidal ideation. Overall, the current results demonstrate the K-COVID-related-PTSD is a valid scale and therefore has important implications for future pandemic-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Persons of color in the US experience the worst COVID-related outcomes and account for the majority of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations among healthcare workers. In a pandemic where minority populations and healthcare workers are among the hardest hit, nurses of color are undoubtedly taxed. Moreover, their workplace racism experiences represent a dual pandemic in that the effects of COVID-19 worries and workplace racism may synergize to the detriment of their emotional well-being. The purpose of this study was to examine the direct, indirect, and interactive effects of individual (race, COVID worry), interpersonal (workplace racial microaggressions), and institutional (racial climate) factors on hospital-based nurses' emotional well-being. A sample of 788 registered nurses who worked in New Jersey hospitals completed an electronic survey. Compared to White nurses, nonwhite nurses reported higher emotional distress, more negative racial climates, more racial microaggressions, and higher levels of COVID worry. Nurses' worry about getting sick from COVID and multiple racial microaggression experiences had the largest effects on the likelihood of high emotional distress. Racism variables and worry about COVID mediated indirect effects of nonwhite race on emotional distress. Racial microaggressions mediated an indirect effect of racial climate on this outcome. Nurses who were worried about getting sick from COVID and experienced multiple microaggressions and/or the most negative racial climates had severe emotional distress. There is a need for sustained investment in a racially diverse nursing workforce. Mitigating workplace racism in hospitals is crucial, particularly during public health crises that disproportionately threaten minority populations and healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peijia Zha
- School of Nursing, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Linda Flynn
- School of Nursing, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Sakura Ando
- School of Nursing, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
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Gowda S, Swamy GK, Veerattepillay R, Rajasundaram R, Hanchanale V, Gowda B, Wilkinson B, Biyani CS. Tangible effects of the COVID-19 pandemic: A fall in dexterity amongst surgical trainees? Scott Med J 2022; 67:51-55. [PMID: 35331065 PMCID: PMC8958333 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221088928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus pandemic has had an indisputable impact on surgical training. The qualitative effect on the perceived confidence and capability of trainees has been widely reported. In order to fully delineate the scope of the problem, quantitative data is also required. Methods This cross-sectional study collected compared data on the laparoscopic skills (pre- and post-pandemic) of first-year urology residents in the United Kingdom, who attended the annual Urology Simulation Boot Camp (USBC) in 2018 and 2019 (pre-pandemic), and 2021 (post-pandemic). Results Pre-pandemic group performance was significantly better in 2 out of 4 tasks (Task 3 p < 0.001) (Task 4 p = 0.003) during the practice session. During the assessment, pre-pandemic group performance was better (p = 0.017) for Task 2 and significantly faster (p = 003) for Task 4. Conclusions Our results provide evidence to support the notion that the coronavirus pandemic has had a tangible and detrimental effect on the technical skills of surgical trainees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri Gowda
- 7318Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Basavaraj Gowda
- 5460South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
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29
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID pandemic has been raging across the world for the past 18 months and has severely impacted healthcare and resources. Children with special needs have been adversely affected by the COVID pandemic, due to lack of formal schooling, access to rehabilitation and limited physical and social activity. The aim of this online survey was to understand the effect of the pandemic on the children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). METHODS An online survey was conducted using a nine parts questionnaire comprising 26 questions. Survey included questions pertaining to demographic data, ambulatory status, lack of access to physiotherapy, orthotic adjustment, surgery, deterioration of function, and behaviour. A simple binary answer was sought to cover all social strata of society. RESULTS Responses were received from 101 caregivers who participated in an online questionnaire. 25.7% had no therapy sessions, 74.2% were on therapy of which 23.7% had online sessions. The lockdown restrictions coupled with lack of rehabilitation and orthotic support led to deterioration in physical function in 54 children and worsening of deformity in 34. Changes in behavioural pattern was observed in 45 children. CONCLUSION The survey revealed major disruptions in the care of Children with CP. The parents reported difficulties in managing the child therapy at home. There is always a possibility that the pandemic will result in a lockdown again, and hence our approach toward physical therapy assessment and rehabilitation needs to be towards home-based and family-centred care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul R. Bhaskar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children Orthopaedic Clinic, Andheri, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Chasanal M. Rathod
- grid.511852.aDepartment of Orthopaedics, SRCC Children’s Hospital, Haji Ali, Mumbai, India
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30
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Trzaskawka P, Kic-Drgas J. Penetration of COVID-19 Related Terminology into Legal, Medical, and Journalistic Discourses. Int J Semiot Law 2022; 35:937-960. [PMID: 35035114 PMCID: PMC8752036 DOI: 10.1007/s11196-021-09881-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
March 2020 has become a moment of change in communication mode and quality. Previously, the media paid attention to the current affairs, however, never earlier the journalistic discourse has been so influentially affected by the ongoing phenomenon as in the case of COVID-19. Almost overnight the new terminological phenomena with specific legal or medical reference were introduced into everyday language mainly via mass media and become an important part of a pandemic related narration. The strong influence on the shape of the mentioned linguistic changes has mainly the adoption of new legal regulations due to the unexpected outbreak of the pandemic. The aim of the following paper is to investigate how COVID-19 pandemic affected the specialisation of the journalistic discourse and how different domains (law, medicine) are being influenced by new terminology and in other way round, how for example law and medicine influence new "COVID language". In order to take the interdisciplinary nature of the issue into account, the degree of hybridity of the selected texts will be examined by means of selected material analysis. The methodology applied in the paper uses an empirical approach and comparative analysis. The material used for the analysis comes from the selected Polish quality and boulevard press. The paper concerns the linguistic influence of the "invisible enemy" on the language presented in press. The main findings reveal the intense use of neologisms, borrowings, and it shows that the discourse was changed linguistically thanks to Student's t-test.
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Tuli HS, Sak K, Aggarwal P, Iqubal A, Upadhaya SK, Kaur J, Kaur G, Aggarwal D. Molecular Evolution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: Hazardous and More Hazardous Strains Behind the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Their Targeting by Drugs and Vaccines. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:763687. [PMID: 34970505 PMCID: PMC8712944 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.763687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Within almost the last 2 years, the world has been shaken by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has affected the lives of all people. With nearly 4.92 million deaths by October 19, 2021, and serious health damages in millions of people, COVID-19 has been the most serious global challenge after the Second World War. Besides lost lives and long-term health problems, devastating impact on economics, education, and culture will probably leave a lasting impression on the future. Therefore, the actual extent of losses will become obvious only after years. Moreover, despite the availability of different vaccines and vaccination programs, it is still impossible to forecast what the next steps of the virus are or how near we are to the end of the pandemic. In this article, the route of molecular evolution of the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is thoroughly compiled, highlighting the changes that the virus has undergone during the last 2 years and discussing the approaches that the medical community has undertaken in the fight against virus-induced damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, India
| | - Katrin Sak
- Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) Praeventio, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Poonam Aggarwal
- The Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard (Deemed to be University), Delhi, India
| | - Sushil K. Upadhaya
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, India
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (SVKM’S NMIMS), Mumbai, India
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, India
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Zeyl VG, Gidumal S, Crozier J, Abraham MT. A brief report on the landscape of facial reconstruction for domestic violence survivors in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2021; 75:893-939. [PMID: 34955404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria G Zeyl
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI USA.
| | - Sunder Gidumal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Joseph Crozier
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Manoj T Abraham
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY USA
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Pederielli S, Mirelli C, Pozzi F, Giannì AB, Biagi R. Dental Trauma at a University Dental Clinic in Milan including the SARS-CoV-2 Period. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:145. [PMID: 34940042 DOI: 10.3390/dj9120145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study i.e., is to present the distribution of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in 306 patients registered at the Unit of Dental Emergencies at a University Dental Clinic in Milan, Italy, between June 2019 and May 2021. This time frame includes the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Information regarding age, gender, number and type of injured teeth, type of traumatic injury, and data on where or how the injury happened were recorded. Seventy-nine percent of patients can be classified as pediatric (under 14 years old), and in all age groups, male patients were found to be more susceptible (1.6:1). A total of 480 teeth were involved, 59% of which were deciduous, and 41% permanent. The most affected teeth in both dentitions were upper central incisors. In deciduous teeth, periodontal lesions were more common, whereas in permanent dentitions, dental fractures were diagnosed more often. Most data found in this study confirms the results found in the literature. The biggest difference, due to changes in daily routine during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, can be found by analyzing the incidence and etiology. As a matter of fact, there was a decrease in school accidents, whereas domestic falls remained constant.
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Chander R, Murugesan M, Ritish D, Damodharan D, Arunachalam V, Parthasarathy R, Raj A, Sharma MK, Manjunatha N, Bada Math S, Kumar CN. Addressing the mental health concerns of migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: An experiential account. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2021; 67:826-829. [PMID: 32594816 DOI: 10.1177/0020764020937736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The COVID pandemic has affected the world in a drastic manner taking a toll of not only human lives but also the economy and lifestyle. Of all the population suffering, the underprivileged and vulnerable groups have faced the maximum economic burden. Within India, an ample quota of people migrates annually for elementary occupations in service, sales, building and domestic industries. Generally, they are exposed to discrimination, work-rights exploitation and job insecurity. The onset of COVID 19 has accentuated these issues in unprecedented ways. The Apex Court of the country took note of this plight and gave directions to the governments to take care of the immediate needs of the migrant workers. This article attempts to reflect the mental health concerns of the migrant workers who were temporarily sheltered at relief camps across Bengaluru city in the state of Karnataka, during the ongoing COVID pandemic. The article ends with giving recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Chander
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Manisha Murugesan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Daniel Ritish
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Dinakaran Damodharan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Vikram Arunachalam
- Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Rajani Parthasarathy
- Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Karnataka, Bengaluru, India
| | - Aravind Raj
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Narayana Manjunatha
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Suresh Bada Math
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
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Dixon PB, Rimmer MT. Coping with seasonality in a quarterly CGE model: COVID-19 and U.S. agriculture . Aust J Agric Resour Econ 2021; 65:802-821. [PMID: 34539219 PMCID: PMC8441697 DOI: 10.1111/1467-8489.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most dynamic CGE models work with periods of 1 year. This limits their applicability for analysing the effects of shocks that operate over a short period or with different intensities through a year. It is relatively easy to convert an annual CGE model to shorter periodicity, for example a quarter, if we ignore seasonal differences in the pattern of economic activity, but this is not acceptable for agriculture. This paper introduces seasonal factors to the agricultural specification in a detailed quarterly CGE model of the United States. The model is then applied to analyse the effects of the COVID pandemic on U.S. farm industries. Taking account of the general features of the pandemic such as the reduction in household spending, we find that these effects are mild relative to the effects on most other industries. However, agriculture is subject to potential supply-chain disruptions. We apply our quarterly model to analyse two such possibilities: loss of labour at harvest time in Fruit & nut farms, and temporary closure of meat-processing plants. We find that these disruptions are unlikely to cause noticeable reductions in the supply of food products to U.S. households.
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Manuela F, Barcos-Munoz F, Monaci MG, Lordier L, Camejo MP, De Almeida JS, Grandjean D, Hüppi PS, Borradori-Tolsa C. Maternal Stress, Depression, and Attachment in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Before and During the COVID Pandemic: An Exploratory Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:734640. [PMID: 34659049 PMCID: PMC8517514 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.734640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mothers' postnatal depression, stress, and attachment during their stay in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Twenty mothers of very premature infants born before 32weeks of gestational age were recruited at the Geneva University Hospital between January 2018 and February 2020 before the COVID-19 pandemic started. Mothers were screened for postnatal depression after their preterm infant's birth (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS), then for stress (Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, PSS:NICU), and attachment (Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale, MPAS) at infant's term-equivalent age. Data were compared with 14 mothers recruited between November 2020 and June 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. No significant differences were found in the scores for depression, stress, and attachment between the two groups. However, a non-statistically significant trend showed a general increase of depression symptoms in mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly correlated to the attachment and stress scores. Moreover, the PSS:NICU Sights and Sounds score was significantly positively correlated with EPDS scores and negatively with the MPAS score only in the During-COVID group. To conclude, we discussed a possible dampened effect of the several protective family-based actions that have been adopted in the Geneva University Hospital during the health crisis, and we discussed the most appropriate interventions to support parents in this traumatic period during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippa Manuela
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Lab, Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Valle d’Aosta, Aosta, Italy
| | - Francisca Barcos-Munoz
- Division of Pediatric Intensive Care and Neonatology, Department of Women, Children and Adolescents, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Grazia Monaci
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Valle d’Aosta, Aosta, Italy
| | - Lara Lordier
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maricé Pereira Camejo
- Division of Pediatric Intensive Care and Neonatology, Department of Women, Children and Adolescents, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joana Sa De Almeida
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier Grandjean
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Lab, Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Petra S. Hüppi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Borradori-Tolsa
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Chan SL, Lin CC, Chau PH, Takemura N, Fung JTC. Evaluating online learning engagement of nursing students. Nurse Educ Today 2021; 104:104985. [PMID: 34058645 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that increased learning satisfaction may encourage learning engagement in an online learning environment. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the level of learning engagement and its relationship with students' perceived learning satisfaction in an online clinical nursing elective course. DESIGN A prospective interventional study. SETTINGS A nursing course was converted to an online format because of the coronavirus disease COVID pandemic. PARTICIPANTS Part-time post-registration nursing undergraduates enrolled in an elective online clinical course. METHODS Related teaching and learning strategies were deployed in the course using the Community of Inquiry framework. All students who completed the course were invited to complete an online survey that included a validated Online Student Engagement questionnaire (OSE). Pearson's correlations were used to determine the association between perceived learning satisfaction and learning engagement. A logistic regression model was used to explore the associations of gender, age, working experience and perceived learning satisfaction with higher learning engagement. RESULTS The questionnaires were completed by 56 of 68 students (82%). The Pearson's correlation coefficient between the mean perceived learning satisfaction and OSE scores was 0.75 (p < .001). Twenty-five students (45%) were identified as highly engaged, using a cut-off of ≥3.5 for the mean OSE score. The mean perceived learning satisfaction (SD) score differed significantly between highly engaged and not highly engaged students [4.02 (0.49) vs. 3.27 (0.62), p < .001]. The logistic regression model showed that a greater perceived learning satisfaction [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 17.2, 95% C.I.: 3.46-86.0, p = .001] was associated with an increased likelihood of higher learning engagement, and >1 year of working experience (adjusted OR: 0.11, 95% C.I.: 0.01-0.89, p = .0039) was associated with a decreased likelihood of higher learning engagement. CONCLUSIONS The study findings suggest that perceived learning satisfaction predicts learning engagement among nursing students in this online learning course.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Chan
- University of Hong Kong School of Nursing, Hong Kong.
| | - C C Lin
- University of Hong Kong School of Nursing, Hong Kong.
| | - P H Chau
- University of Hong Kong School of Nursing, Hong Kong.
| | - N Takemura
- University of Hong Kong School of Nursing, Hong Kong.
| | - J T C Fung
- University of Hong Kong School of Nursing, Hong Kong.
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Lopez-Soto C, Bates E, Anderson C, Saha S, Adams L, Aulakh A, Bowtell F, Buckel M, Emms T, Shebl M, Metaxa V. The Role of a Liaison Team in ICU Family Communication During the COVID 19 Pandemic. J Pain Symptom Manage 2021; 62:e112-e119. [PMID: 33892123 PMCID: PMC8057931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In the name of public safety, a general suspension on hospital visiting was imposed in the U.K., prohibiting family and friends to visit hospitalized patients, even if they were critically ill. OBJECTIVES we aimed to assess the impact of the FLT on the communication with patients' family and friends (PFF), especailly around end-of-life care, and their interaction with CC clinicians. METHODS A retrospective, mixed-methods analysis of a family liaison team (FLT) formed by redeployed clinicians in critical care (CC) during the first surge of the 2020 COVID 19 pandemic. RESULTS The FLT was constituted predominantly of non-ICU consultants (30/39, 77%). Following two one-hourly webinars around basic communication skills, the FLT facilitated over 12,000 video and telephone calls with 172 patients' family and friends (PFF). The majority of the PFF interviewed were mostly, very or extremely satisfied with the frequency, ease, understanding, honesty, completeness, and consistency of the information provided. Approximately 5% of the interviewees reported to be slightly or very dissatisfied in one or more of the following 3 categories: frequency, consistency, and ease of getting the information. The thematic analysis identified 3 themes: 1) being there with/ for the patient; 2) breakdown in communication; 3) disbelief at the speed of deterioration. In 14.9% of cases there was documented discrepancy between the information transmitted by the CC team and that by the FLT, particularly around the severity of the patient's illness and their imminent death. CONCLUSION The formation of a dedicated FLT was feasible and associated with high levels of satisfaction by the PFF. Friction was created when communication was not consistent and did not convey the severity of the patient's condition, to prepare the PFF for a bad outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Lopez-Soto
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Eleanor Bates
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Charlotte Anderson
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sian Saha
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Laura Adams
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alex Aulakh
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Francesca Bowtell
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marie Buckel
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Thomas Emms
- Ashford & St Peter's Hospital NHS Trust, Ashford, UK
| | - Moustafa Shebl
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Victoria Metaxa
- Department of Critical Care, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Salas A, Kant S, Floyd L, Kratky V, Brix SR, Prendecki M, Schönermarck U, Scott J, Saha M, Gauckler P, Li T, Sharma PD, Ayoub I, Morris AD, Dhaygude AP, Hruskova Z, Tesar V, McAdoo SP, Little MA, Derebail VK, Poulton CJ, Seo P, Kronbichler A, Geetha D. ANCA Vasculitis Induction Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Kidney Int Rep 2021; 6:2903-2907. [PMID: 34426797 PMCID: PMC8373584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Salas
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sam Kant
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lauren Floyd
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Vojtěch Kratky
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Silke R Brix
- Renal, Urology and Transplantation Unit, Manchester University Hospitals, Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Prendecki
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Jennifer Scott
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Manish Saha
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Philipp Gauckler
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tingting Li
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Purva D Sharma
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, New York
| | - Isabelle Ayoub
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam D Morris
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Ajay P Dhaygude
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Zdenka Hruskova
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Tesar
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stephen P McAdoo
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark A Little
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vimal K Derebail
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Caroline J Poulton
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Philip Seo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andreas Kronbichler
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Duvuru Geetha
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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40
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Lombardo MDM, Foppiani A, Peretti GM, Mangiavini L, Battezzati A, Bertoli S, Martinelli Boneschi F, Zuccotti GV. Long-Term Coronavirus Disease 2019 Complications in Inpatients and Outpatients: A One-Year Follow-up Cohort Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab384. [PMID: 34386546 PMCID: PMC8344801 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the coronavirus pandemic spreads, more and more people are infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The short- and medium-term effects of the infection have been described, but the description of the long-term sequelae is lacking in the literature. Methods Patients healed from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from February 2020 to May 2020 were considered for inclusion in this study, regardless of the severity of the disease during the acute phase. Eligible patients were consecutively contacted and a semistructured interview was administered between February and March 2021 by trained medical staff. Results Three hundred three patients were eligible and accepted to participate in the study and were enrolled. Of those surveyed, most patients (81%) reported at least 1 symptom, and the most prevalent symptoms were fatigue (52%), pain (48%), and sleep disorders (47%). Sensory alterations were present in 28% of surveyed patients, but in most of these cases (74% of those affected by sensory alterations or 20% of the overall sample) symptoms reported were either anosmia or dysgeusia. Higher prevalence was generally observed with increasing age, although the most relevant differences were observed when comparing young versus middle-aged adults. Conclusions At 12 months after acute infection, COVID-19 survivors were still suffering from symptoms identified at shorter follow-up, and the most frequent symptoms included fatigue, pain, and sleep disorders. A more severe impairment in the acute phase did not seem to predict more severe complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Foppiani
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Michele Peretti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mangiavini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Obesity Unit and Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Healthcare) Italian Auxologic Institute (IAI), Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Martinelli Boneschi
- IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy.,Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Vittore Buzzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Wynn JK, McCleery A, Novacek D, Reavis EA, Tsai J, Green MF. Clinical and functional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing on vulnerable veterans with psychosis or recent homelessness. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:42-49. [PMID: 33819876 PMCID: PMC9750189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has upended the lives of everyone in the United States, negatively impacting social interactions, work, and living situations, and potentially exacerbating mental health issues in vulnerable individuals. Within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system, two vulnerable groups include those with a psychotic disorder (PSY) and those who have recently experienced homelessness (recently housed Veterans, RHV). We conducted phone interviews with PSY (n = 81), RHV (n = 76) and control Veterans (CTL, n = 74) between mid-May - mid-August 2020 ("initial") and between mid-August - mid-October 2020 ("follow-up"). At the initial period, we also collected retrospective ratings relative to January 2020 ("pre-COVID-19"). We assessed clinical factors (e.g., depression, anxiety, loneliness) and community integration (e.g., social and role functioning). All groups reported worse clinical outcomes after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, PSY and RHV exhibited improvements in depression and anxiety from initial to follow up, whereas CTL continued to exhibit elevated levels. There was little change in community integration measures. Our results indicate that all groups reported increased mental health problems after the onset of the pandemic, but vulnerable Veterans were not disproportionately affected and had better mental health resilience (i.e., for depression and anxiety) as the pandemic progressed compared to CTL. This effect could be due to the availability and utilization of VA services for PSY and RHV (e.g., housing and financial support, medical and mental health services), which may have helped to mitigate the impact of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K. Wynn
- Research Enhancement and Award Program on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Corresponding author. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, MIRECC, Bldg. 210, 11301 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
| | - Amanda McCleery
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Derek Novacek
- Research Enhancement and Award Program on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric A. Reavis
- Research Enhancement and Award Program on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jack Tsai
- VA National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, Washington, DC, USA,School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael F. Green
- Research Enhancement and Award Program on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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42
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Bański J, Mazur M, Kamińska W. Socioeconomic Conditioning of the Development of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Global Spatial Differentiation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:4802. [PMID: 33946284 PMCID: PMC8125126 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The COVID pandemic very quickly became the world's most serious social and economic problem. This paper's focus is on the spatial aspect of its spread, with the aims being to point to spatial conditioning underpinning development of the pandemic, and to identify and assess possible socio-economic features exerting an impact on that. Particular attention has been paid to the percentage of positive tests for the presence of the coronavirus, as well as mortality due to the disease it causes. The statistics used relate to 102 countries, with the research for each extending from the time first cases of COVID-19 were reported through to 18 November 2020. The focus of investigation has been the stochastic co-occurrence of both a morbidity index and a mortality index, with intentionally selected socio-economic variables. Results have then been summarized through the classification of countries in relation to the two indices. Highest values relate to Latin America. A significant co-occurrence of morbidity and mortality with GDP per capita has been identified, as values for the indices are found to be lower in wealthier countries. The basic conclusion is that the dependency of the pandemic on environmental and socio-economic conditioning became more complex and ambiguous, while also being displaced gradually as concrete political decisions came to be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Bański
- Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Mazur
- Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wioletta Kamińska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, 25-346 Kielce, Poland;
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Abstract
We add a simple dynamic process for adaptive "social distancing" measures to a standard SIR model of the COVID pandemic. With a limited attention span and in the absence of a consistent long-term strategy against the pandemic, this process leads to a sweeping of an instability, i.e. fluctuations in the effective reproduction number around its bifurcation value of R e f f = 1 . While mitigating the pandemic in the short-run, this process remains intrinsically fragile and does not constitute a sustainable strategy that societies could follow for an extended period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lux
- Department of Economics, University of Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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44
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Fong D, San Nicolò KO, Alber M, Mitterer M. Evaluating the longitudinal effectiveness of preventive measures against COVID-19 and seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in cancer outpatients and healthcare workers. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2021; 133:359-363. [PMID: 33502609 PMCID: PMC7838655 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-020-01807-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background It has been assumed that cancer patients, especially those undergoing chemotherapy, are at increased risk for infection and severe illness from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) compared to the general population. After the first alert message from the local healthcare service, a series of drastic measures were taken at our outpatient clinic to contain the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods In this retrospective study, all consecutive cancer outpatients completed a baseline SARS-CoV‑2 test via real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from 15 March to 26 May 2020. In the later phase, after the peak of the pandemic, patients as well as healthcare workers were tested for anti-SARS-CoV‑2 IgG antibodies. Results Between 15 March and 26 May 2020, 0.78% (N = 5/640) cancer patients tested positive for SARS-CoV‑2 by RT-PCR. Between 22 June and 17 July 2020, anti-SARS-CoV‑2 IgG antibodies were detected in 2 out of 250 (0.8%) cancer patients and 2 out of 36 (5.5%) healthcare workers. In only 1 out of 4 cancer patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection, could SARS-CoV‑2 antibodies be detected. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the majority of our patients and healthcare workers had not been infected with SARS-CoV‑2 and rapidly implemented measures were effective. Maintenance of preventive measures should be continued until vaccines or specific treatments are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Fong
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Franz Tappeiner Hospital, Rossinistraße 5, 39012, Merano, Italy.
| | - Katja Olga San Nicolò
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Franz Tappeiner Hospital, Rossinistraße 5, 39012, Merano, Italy
| | - Monika Alber
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Franz Tappeiner Hospital, Rossinistraße 5, 39012, Merano, Italy
| | - Manfred Mitterer
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Franz Tappeiner Hospital, Rossinistraße 5, 39012, Merano, Italy
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Meybodi KT, Habibi Z, Nejat F. The effects of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric neurosurgery practice and training in a developing country. Childs Nerv Syst 2021; 37:1313-7. [PMID: 33130919 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04953-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 pandemic has influenced all aspects of societies, with the healthcare being the most affected field. All specialties including neurosurgery are involved, and due to resource limitations, the number of elective surgeries in subspecialized filed has substantially decreased. Herein, we report our practice experience in pediatric neurosurgery in a tertiary hospital during pandemic, and the effects of pandemic on educational issues. METHODS All the patients on whom any kind of neurosurgical operation was performed from March to June 2020 were retrospectively collected, and also from the same period in the previous year. RESULTS A total of 111 patients underwent surgery in this period. This figure was 159 patients during the same period in 2019. The total number of surgical cases reduced by 31% compared to the last year. While ventriculoperitoneal shunts and supratentorial tumor were more frequent, there was a considerable reduction in subspecialized educational surgeries like neural tube defects and craniosynostoses. CONCLUSION CVID-19 pandemic changed all scopes of medical practice and training. Considering the limitation in the available resources, the number of educational cases may decrease in subspecialized disciplines like pediatric neurosurgery. If pandemic continues, alternative measures should be taken to compensate for the shortcoming in technical and practical training.
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Borriello G, Lavatelli L, Ruzzi F, Panariello A, Percudani ME. Case Report: COVID-19 Infection With Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Mood Disorder: Criticalities in Differential Diagnosis, Therapy and Management of Complications. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:568553. [PMID: 34955904 PMCID: PMC8702422 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.568553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During this pandemic Italy was deeply hit by the burden of the COVID-19. Current studies reveal that respiratory symptoms of COVID-19 represent the most common manifestations at presentation. The incidence of less common gastrointestinal symptoms varies significantly among different study populations. Liver injury is also described at different degree. We describe the case of a 20-year-old woman confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 positive by nasopharyngeal swab-PCR test, admitted to the COVID-only-Psychiatric Ward, set up in Niguarda Hospital in Milan on March 2020, for a depressive episode characterized by depressed mood and anorexia. In comorbidity we report a previous avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder present since childhood and a Border Personality Disorder according to the DSM V. On the admission to the ward we administered the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale with a total score of 29 suggesting severe depression. During the hospitalization she developed a clinical picture with increasing vomiting and diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain along with fever and no respiratory symptoms. She also showed abnormalities in liver function indices. At the same time she showed clinophilia and persistent food avoidance that, initially, led to attribute all the symptoms to her psychiatric disorders. We prescribed the already ongoing therapy with lithium carbonate and SSRI. On the second day of hospitalization, along with the worsening of the gastrointestinal symptoms, we started therapy with hydroxychloroquine with a no significant remission of nausea and vomiting but with a further increase in liver function indices suggesting liver damage. This led us to suspend the treatment with hydroxychloroquine for the suspect of a drug induced injury. The depressive symptoms improved rapidly as opposed to the patient's overall condition. The gastrointestinal symptoms resolved with the evidence of the recovery from infection. In this report we underline the importance of investigating the physical symptoms in a patient with a history of mental disorder especially during an undergoing pandemic. During this pandemic, specialists from various fields were called upon to support teams working with COVID patients and to acquire new skills out of necessity, fostering a multidisciplinary approach and cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Borriello
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lisa Lavatelli
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ruzzi
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Adelaide Panariello
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Klotz KA, Borlot F, Scantlebury MH, Payne ET, Appendino JP, Schönberger J, Jacobs J. Telehealth for Children With Epilepsy Is Effective and Reduces Anxiety Independent of Healthcare Setting. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:642381. [PMID: 34178881 PMCID: PMC8222691 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.642381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The use of telemedicine has grown exponentially as an alternative to providing care to patients with epilepsy during the pandemic. We investigated the impact of the current pandemic among children with epilepsy from two distinct pediatric epilepsy centers. We also compared perceptions among those who received telemedicine against those who did not. Methods: We developed a questionnaire and invited families followed in Freiburg, Germany, and Calgary, Alberta, Canada, to participate during the initial 9 months of the pandemic. The survey contained 32 questions, 10 of which were stratified according to telemedicine exposure. Results: One hundred twenty-six families (80 in Freiburg, 46 in Calgary) participated, and 40.3% received telemedicine care. Most children (mean age 10.4 years, SD 5.1) had chronic epilepsy but poorly controlled seizures. Negative impacts were reported by 36 and 65% of families who had to reschedule appointments for visits and diagnostics, respectively. Nearly two-thirds of families reported no change in seizure frequency, while 18.2% reported either worsening or improvement of seizures. Although most families did not note behavioral changes, 28.2% reported behavior worsening. Families who received telemedicine care had a statistically significant reduction of parental self-reported anxiety level after virtual visits compared to those who did not experience telemedicine. Families with telemedicine consultations were more likely to consider future virtual care (84 vs. 65.2% of those without), even after the pandemic. Patient data safety, easy access to specialized services, and consistency with the same healthcare provider were graded as important in both centers, while a shorter waiting time was most relevant in Calgary. Conclusion: In our cohort, some children with epilepsy experienced increased seizures and worsening behavior during the first 9 months of the current pandemic. In addition, our data suggest that telemedicine might reduce parental anxiety symptoms, and families who experienced telehealth were more positive and open to similar appointments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Alexandra Klotz
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Epilepsy Center, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Berta-Ottenstein-Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felippe Borlot
- Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Morris H Scantlebury
- Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eric T Payne
- Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Juan Pablo Appendino
- Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jan Schönberger
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Epilepsy Center, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Berta-Ottenstein-Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Jacobs
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Abstract
Over 16 million cases worldwide, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has profoundly affected healthcare as we know it. Given reports of gastrointestinal involvement and viral shedding in the stool, it is unsurprising there are concerns that endoscopic equipment may be a potential vector of viral transmission. Here, we provide an overview of existing practices for endoscope reprocessing, recent developments in the field, and challenges in the COVID-19 environment. Current multi-society guidelines do not advise any change to endoscope disinfection protocols but emphasize strict adherence to recommended practices. However, endoscopy reprocessing staff may benefit from supplemental personal protective equipment measures, especially in high risk situations. Because thorough endoscope reprocessing is highly operator dependent, adequate training of personnel is critical for proper manual cleaning and disinfection of endoscopes that have potential to harbor virus. Bacterial contamination of duodenoscopes has caused outbreaks of infection from multidrug-resistant organisms, highlighting vulnerable areas. The emphasis of current studies is on optimization of disinfection and drying, minimization of simethicone use, and on quality control of endoscope reprocessing with sampling and microbiological culturing. Recent advances include novel approaches to endoscope sterilization, infection barrier methods, and design of partially or fully disposable duodenoscopes. Overall, the available data indicate that, when correctly executed, current reprocessing practices are sufficient in preventing SARS-COV-2 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Chua
- Division of Gastroenterology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, University of California, 21840 South Normandie Ave., Suite 850, Torrance, California 90502
| | - Nasir Halim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, University of California, 21840 South Normandie Ave., Suite 850, Torrance, California 90502
| | - Sofiya Reicher
- Division of Gastroenterology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, University of California, 21840 South Normandie Ave., Suite 850, Torrance, California 90502
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Honig J, Stone PW, Vose C, Prado-Inzerillo M, Frazier L. A clinical and academic partnership: An exemplar from the COVID epicenter. J Prof Nurs 2021; 37:241-3. [PMID: 33867074 DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Mohan A, Sen P, Shah C, Jain E, Jain S. Prevalence and risk factor assessment of digital eye strain among children using online e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: Digital eye strain among kids (DESK study-1). Indian J Ophthalmol 2020; 69:140-144. [PMID: 33323599 PMCID: PMC7926141 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2535_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine prevalence, symptoms frequency and associated risk factors of digital eye strain (DES) among children attending online classes during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The online electronic survey form was prepared on the Google app. Children/parents were asked to indicate the total duration of digital device use before and during COVID era. The symptoms of DES, its severity and frequency were recorded & measured with the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire. Results: Two hundred and sixty one parents responded to the questionnaire, of these 217 were complete. Mean age of children was 13 ± 2.45 years. Mean duration of digital device used during COVID era was 3.9 ± 1.9 h which is more than pre COVID era (1.9 ± 1.1 h, P = <0.0001). 36.9% (n = 80) were using digital devices >5 h in COVID era as compared to 1.8% (n = 4) before COVID era. The most common digital device used were smartphones (n = 134, 61.7%). One hundred and eight children (49.8%) were attending online classes for >2 h per day. Prevalence of DES in our cohort is 50.23% (109/217). Of these 26.3% were mild, 12.9% moderate and 11.1% of severe grade. Most common symptoms were itching and headache (n = 117, 53.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed age >14 years (P = 0.04), male gender (P = 0.0004), smartphone use (P = 0.003), use of device >5 h (P = 0.0007) and mobile games >1 h/day (P = 0.0001) as independent risk factors for DES in children. Conclusion: There is an increased prevalence of DES among children in COVID era. Parents should be considerate about duration, type and distance of digital device use to avoid DES symptoms in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Mohan
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Children Eye Care Center, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pradhnya Sen
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Children Eye Care Center, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Chintan Shah
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Children Eye Care Center, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Elesh Jain
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Children Eye Care Center, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Swapnil Jain
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Children Eye Care Center, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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