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Vidal PO, DE Cassia Vieira Cardoso R, Nunes IL, DA Silva Lima WK. Quality and Safety of Fresh Beef in Retail: A Review. J Food Prot 2022; 85:435-447. [PMID: 34818412 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to review the scientific literature on the quality and safety of beef sold in retail, methodologies used for quality evaluation, and proposed interventions for the sector. Bibliographical research was performed to identify scientific articles using the electronic databases Ovid, PubMed, Scielo, LILACS, Scopus, and Embase. Thirty-three articles were included in the review. Given the different dimensions of the studies, the results were organized into three categories, according to the following approaches: food, environment, and handlers; consumers and selection criteria; and intervention strategies for the retail sector. The applied methodological strategies revealed inadequate conditions and neglect in several processing and operation stages that are fundamental to the maintenance of quality standards. The results confirm a worrying scenario and the presence of risks to consumers. Based on the studies evaluated, it is necessary to emphasize consumer concern about the importance of the integrated information chain-all stages involved in the production process and meat distribution for retail meat stores. The reported conditions from different studies indicate the need for interventions with a view to prevention of health risks, continued training of food handlers, and transformation of evidenced realities. In this context, it is possible to point out the predominance of diagnostic studies, in contrast with interventional studies focused on the training and qualification of food handlers. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Permínio Oliveira Vidal
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Avenida Carlos Amaral 1015, Cajueiro 44574-490, Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ryzia DE Cassia Vieira Cardoso
- Department of Food Science, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorobi 88034-000, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Itaciara Larroza Nunes
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Itacorobi 88034-000, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Karine DA Silva Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Rua Basílio da Gama s/n, Canela 40110-907, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Vidal Junior PO, Menezes ACR, de Souza LMP, Guimarães AG, Cardoso RDCV. Trade and safety issues of raw beef from the countryside of Bahia state, Brazil. J Public Health Res 2020; 9:1752. [PMID: 33014913 PMCID: PMC7499098 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2020.1752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Brazil is one of the world's largest meat exporters. However, there is a paradox in this situation due to existing non-inspected meat trade and technical-sanitary failures in retail marketing. Design and methods: This study aimed at characterizing the issues of trade, food safety and quality of raw beef in the street market of a municipality in the state of Bahia. An exploratory, quantitative and census study was carried out, at 17 raw beef vending locations. A questionnaire was administered and meat samples were collected (n=34), which were submitted to a physicochemical assessment, color analysis and microbiological analyses. Results: Meat sellers were between 20 and 64 years of age, predominantly males (82.4%), with limited education and without professional training (64.7%). Medians for temperature and pH in the small butcher shops samples were 18.10ºC and 5.75 respectively, and 21.80ºC and 5.50, in small supermarkets samples. The difference in pH was significant (p<0.05). The filtration test suggested quality changes in 17.65% of the samples. No frauds were detected. Total coliform count medians were 4.90 and 4.78 log CFU/g, for the samples taken from butcher shops and supermarkets, respectively. E. coli was identified in approximately 40.0% of the samples. Salmonella spp. were confirmed in two samples collected in the butcher shops. There was a significant association between inadequate storage conditions and microorganism counts (p<0.02). Conclusions: The results evidenced a meat supply with preservation failures and non-compliance with hygiene requirements, constituting a consumers' health hazard, not in line with an agroexporting country model.
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Silva DAL, Botelho CV, Martins BTF, Tavares RM, Camargo AC, Yamatogi RS, Bersot LS, Nero LA. Listeria monocytogenes From Farm to Fork in a Brazilian Pork Production Chain. J Food Prot 2020; 83:485-490. [PMID: 32065647 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes contamination was assessed in different steps of a pork production chain. Ten lots of pigs were sampled at termination barns, at slaughter (after bleeding, after buckling, after evisceration, and after final washing), at processing (knives, deboning tables, and employees' hands), and of end products (ribs, shoulder, ham, and sausage). All samples (n = 670) were subjected to L. monocytogenes detection, and the obtained isolates (n = 18, identified as Listeria spp.) were characterized by their biochemical characteristics, serogroups, virulence genes, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, antibiotic resistances (ampicillin, penicillin, gentamicin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim), and adhesion abilities. The results revealed the low occurrence of Listeria spp. in the evaluated pork production chain. However, four tested sausage samples (40%) were positive for Listeria spp., with L. monocytogenes identified in two (20%) of these samples. Ten isolates were identified as L. monocytogenes (eight from serogroup 1/2a or 3a and two from serogroup 4b, 4d, or 4e): all isolates were also positive for the virulence-related genes hlyA, iap, plcA, actA, inlA, inlB, inlC, and inlJ and susceptible to the tested antibiotics. One sausage sample was contaminated by both serogroups 1/2a or 3a and 4b, 4d, or 4e. Isolates from serogroup 1/2a or 3a obtained during visits 5 and 6 presented distinct genetic profiles by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, indicating that contamination may come from different sources. The adhesion potential exhibited by Listeria spp. isolates (n = 18) ranged from weak (serogroup 4b, 4d, or 4e) to moderate (L. innocua and L. monocytogenes serogroup 1/2a or 3a). Despite the low occurrence of L. monocytogenes, pathogenic serogroups were detected in sausages, demanding control measures by the industry. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo A L Silva
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Clarisse V Botelho
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Bruna T F Martins
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Rafaela M Tavares
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Anderson C Camargo
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Ricardo S Yamatogi
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
| | - Luciano S Bersot
- Laboratório de Inspeção e Controle de Qualidade de Alimentos e Água, Universidade Federal do Paraná, R. Pioneiro 2153 Jardim Dallas, Palotina, Paraná 85950-000, Brazil
| | - Luís A Nero
- Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4954-5824 [L.A.N.]); and
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Obaidat MM. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in imported beef cattle in Jordan. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 70:101447. [PMID: 32105836 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study characterized Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and E. coli O157:H7 by collecting rectoanal mucosal swabs and fecal samples from 518 imported beef cattle at Jordan's major abattoir. A unique 53 L. monocytogenes, 287 S. enterica, and 17 E. coli O157:H7 were isolated from 37, 120 and 9 different animals; respectively. The prevalence of S. enterica, L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 were 23.2 % (95 % CI, 19.7-27.0 %), 7.1 % (95 % CI, 5.2-9.7 %) and 1.7 % (95 % CI, 0.9-3.3 %); respectively. All L. monocytogenes, all E. coli O157:H7 and 93.0 % of S. enterica isolates resisted at least one antimicrobial class. All L. monocytogenes, 94.1 % of E. coli O157:H7 and 69.7 % of S. enterica isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (resistant to ≥3 antimicrobials classes). Moreover, high percentages of L. monocytogenes (98.1 %), E. coli O157:H7 (64.7 %) and S. enterica (45.3 %) isolates resisted ≥5 antimicrobial classes. More than 90 % of the L. monocytogenes isolates resisted ampicillin, penicillin and erythromycin and more than 75 % resisted vancomycin. S. enterica isolates resisted several treatment-of-choice antimicrobials such as nalidixic acid (85.4 %), ciprofloxacin (26.8 %) and ceftriaxone (19.5 %). Furthermore, greater than 50 % of the E. coli O157:H7 isolates resisted streptomycin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, kanamycin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. The high prevalence and the high resistance percentages of the studied pathogens toward clinically important antimicrobials is alarming. Thus, applying strict sanitation procedures at the abattoirs in Jordan is crucial to lower the risk of carcasses contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Obaidat
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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Barril PA, Soto SA, Jaureguiberry MV, Gottardi G, Bascur I, Leotta GA, Oteiza JM. Microbiological risk characterization in butcher shops from the province of Neuquen, Patagonia Argentina. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Simultaneous circulation of arboviruses and other congenital infections in pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Acta Trop 2019; 192:49-54. [PMID: 30685232 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arboviruses (Zika, dengue and chikungunya) represent a major risk for pregnant women, especially because their vertical transmission can lead to neurological damage in newborns. Early diagnosis can be difficult due to similar clinical presentation with other congenital infections that are associated with congenital abnormalities. OBJECTIVES To investigate the circulation of arboviruses and other pathogens responsible for congenital infections, reporting clinical aspects and geographic distribution of maternal rash in a metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). METHODS Cross-sectional study with pregnant women presenting rash attended at the Exanthematic Diseases Unit (Niterói, Rio de Janeiro) from 2015 to 2018. Diagnosis of arboviruses was performed by real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and laboratorial screening for syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus and HIV was assessed. Demographic data was used for georeferencing analysis. FINDINGS We included 121 pregnant women, of whom Zika virus was detected in 45 cases (37.2%), chikungunya in 33 (27.3%) and dengue in one (0.8%). Five patients presented syphilis, and we observed one case each of listeria, cytomegalovirus, and a syphilis-toxoplasmosis case. Similarity of clinical symptoms was observed in all groups; however, 84.8% of patients with chikungunya presented arthralgia. Following the decline of Zika cases, chikungunya infection was mostly observed during 2017-2018. Considering pregnant women infected with arboviruses and other infections, 41% resided in urban slums, mostly in Niterói. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous circulation of arboviruses and other agents responsible for congenital infections were observed; however, we did not identify co-infections between arboviruses. In this scenario, we emphasize the importance of adequate prenatal care to provide an accurate diagnosis of maternal rash.
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Kang IB, Kim DH, Jeong D, Kim H, Seo KH. Contamination Level of Hygiene Indicator and Prevalence of Foodborne Pathogens in Retail Beef in Parallel with Market Factor. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2018; 38:1237-1245. [PMID: 30675116 PMCID: PMC6335133 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2018.e57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the contamination levels of hygienic indicators and foodborne
pathogens in retail meat products were investigated in relation to the various
market factors including processing temperature, processing area, and market
type. Ground beef samples (n=80) were purchased from 40 meat markets and
investigated for microbiological quality. Beefs processed below 20℃ had
significantly lower numbers of total coliforms (TC) than these processed over
20℃ (2.01 vs. 2.79 log CFU/g; p<0.05). Interestingly, separation
of processing area did not affect the contamination levels. Remarkably, the
contamination levels of hygienic indicator differ among market types, indicating
that not only processing condition but distribution structure that is directly
related with storage period could affect the final microbiological loads of the
meat products. In addition, the prevalences of Listeria
monocytogenes (a psychrotroph), Enterococcus
faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis were 7.5%
(6/80), 10.0% (8/80), and 20.0% (16/80), respectively, which is irrelevant to
market factors except meat products from wholesale markets where no L.
monocytogenes were found among 30 samples. The results of this
study indicate that the contamination level of hygiene indicator and foodborne
pathogens in retail beef is more related with processing temperature and storage
period than other environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Byeong Kang
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeon Kim
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Dana Jeong
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hyunsook Kim
- Dept. of Food & Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang Univ., Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Seo
- Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Kopp TI, Vogel U, Tjonneland A, Andersen V. Meat and fiber intake and interaction with pattern recognition receptors (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, and TLR10) in relation to colorectal cancer in a Danish prospective, case-cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 107:465-479. [PMID: 29566186 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqx011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Meat and dietary fiber are associated with increased and decreased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), respectively. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) regulate the intestinal immune response in a complex interplay between the mucosal epithelium and the microbiota and may therefore be important modulators of diet-induced CRC together with other inflammatory mediators. Objective Our aim was to investigate the association between functional TLR polymorphisms and risk of CRC and the interaction with dietary factors. Additionally, interactions with previously studied polymorphisms in IL10, IL1B, PTGS2, and NFKB1 were assessed in order to examine possible biological pathways in meat-induced CRC. Design A nested case-cohort study of 897 CRC cases and 1689 randomly selected participants from the Danish prospective "Diet, Cancer and Health" study encompassing 57,053 persons was performed using Cox proportional hazard models and the likelihood ratio test. Results We found associations between polymorphisms in TLR2 (P = 0.018) and TLR4 (P = 0.044) and risk of CRC per se, interactions between intake of red and processed meat (10 g/d) and polymorphisms in TLR1 (P-interaction = 0.032) and TLR10 (P-interaction = 0.026 and 0.036), and intake of cereals (50 g/d) and TLR4 (P-interaction = 0.044) in relation to risk of CRC. Intake of red and processed meat also interacted with combinations of polymorphisms in TLR1 and TLR10 and polymorphisms in NFKB1, IL10, IL1B, and PTGS2 (P-interaction; TLR1/rs4833095 × PTGS2/rs20417 = 0.021, TLR10/rs11096955 × IL10/rs3024505 = 0.047, TLR10/rs11096955 × PTGS2/rs20417 = 0.017, TLR10/rs4129009 × NFKB1/rs28362491 = 0.027, TLR10/rs4129009 × IL1B/rs4848306 = 0.020, TLR10/rs4129009 × IL1B/rs1143623 = 0.021, TLR10/rs4129009 × PTGS2/rs20417 = 0.027), whereas intake of dietary fiber (10 g/d) interacted with combinations of polymorphisms in TLR4, IL10, and PTGS2 (P-interaction; TLR4/rs1554973 × IL10/rs3024505 = 0.0012, TLR4/rs1554973 × PTGS2/rs20417 = 0.0041, TLR4/rs1554973 × PTGS2/rs5275 = 0.0064). Conclusions Our study suggests that meat intake may activate TLRs at the epithelial surface, leading to CRC via inflammation by nuclear transcription factor-κB-initiated transcription of inflammatory genes, whereas intake of fiber may protect against CRC via TLR4-mediated secretion of interleukin-10 and cyclooxygenase-2. Our results should be replicated in other prospective cohorts with well-characterized participants. The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03250637.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Iskov Kopp
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Vibeke Andersen
- Focused Research Unit for Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research, Laboratory Center, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research-Center Sønderjylland.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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