1
|
Nobi MA, Haque AKMZ, Islam MR, Islam SS, Arif M, Sikder MH, Kabir SML. Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status. Vet World 2024; 17:245-254. [PMID: 38595663 PMCID: PMC11000463 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.245-254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Campylobacter infections in sheep may be asymptomatic or cause enteritis, ileitis, infertility, and abortion. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in farming sheep and to detect risk factors, molecular patterns, and antimicrobial susceptibility status of these pathogens. Materials and Methods Four hundred and eight fecal samples were collected from 12 flocks in the Mymensingh and Sherpur districts. Samples were tested by both basic (culture and biochemical tests) and molecular (initially 16S rRNA and later hipO gene-based polymerase chain reaction). Furthermore, the antimicrobial susceptibility status of Campylobacter jejuni was confirmed using disk diffusion. Flock- and animal-level data were captured using semi-structured interviews with farm owners under bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to confirm the risk factors for Campylobacter-positive status. Results The prevalence of C. jejuni staining at the animal and flock levels was 8.82% (36/408) and 66.70% (8/12), respectively. The age of sheep was identified as an important risk factor. Up to 1 year of age, sheep were 3.78 times more likely to be infected with C. jejuni (95% confidence interval: 1.0736-13.3146, p = 0.038). Of the 36 isolates of C. jejuni, all were found to be fully susceptible (100%) to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. In this study, three antimicrobial agents, oxytetracycline, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone, were fully resistant (100%). The majority of isolates were resistant to a combination of 4-6 antimicrobial agents. Conclusion The present study highlights the predominant maintenance of zoonotic Campylobacter species in sheep, and their burden on human health is enormous. Therefore, environmental, animal, and human health needs to be focused under a One Health lens to mitigate the occurrence of Campylobacter in farm settings and to prevent further introduction to animals and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ashiquen Nobi
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - A. K. M. Ziaul Haque
- Kazi Farms Poultry Laboratory, Holding no-8/1, Floor no-A3 and A4, Padma Plaza (Opposite of Gazipur Commerce College), Chandana - Chowrasta, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh
| | - M. Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sk Shaheenur Islam
- Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Arif
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan Sikder
- Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - S. M. Lutful Kabir
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hudson LK, Andershock WE, Yan R, Golwalkar M, M’ikanatha NM, Nachamkin I, Thomas LS, Moore C, Qian X, Steece R, Garman KN, Dunn JR, Kovac J, Denes TG. Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals Source Attribution Patterns for Campylobacter spp. in Tennessee and Pennsylvania. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112300. [PMID: 34835426 PMCID: PMC8625337 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacteriosis is the most common bacterial foodborne illness in the United States and is frequently associated with foods of animal origin. The goals of this study were to compare clinical and non-clinical Campylobacter populations from Tennessee (TN) and Pennsylvania (PA), use phylogenetic relatedness to assess source attribution patterns, and identify potential outbreak clusters. Campylobacter isolates studied (n = 3080) included TN clinical isolates collected and sequenced for routine surveillance, PA clinical isolates collected from patients at the University of Pennsylvania Health System facilities, and non-clinical isolates from both states for which sequencing reads were available on NCBI. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted to categorize isolates into species groups and determine the population structure of each species. Most isolates were C. jejuni (n = 2132, 69.2%) and C. coli (n = 921, 29.9%), while the remaining were C. lari (0.4%), C. upsaliensis (0.3%), and C. fetus (0.1%). The C. jejuni group consisted of three clades; most non-clinical isolates were of poultry (62.7%) or cattle (35.8%) origin, and 59.7 and 16.5% of clinical isolates were in subclades associated with poultry or cattle, respectively. The C. coli isolates grouped into two clades; most non-clinical isolates were from poultry (61.2%) or swine (29.0%) sources, and 74.5, 9.2, and 6.1% of clinical isolates were in subclades associated with poultry, cattle, or swine, respectively. Based on genomic similarity, we identified 42 C. jejuni and one C. coli potential outbreak clusters. The C. jejuni clusters contained 188 clinical isolates, 19.6% of the total C. jejuni clinical isolates, suggesting that a larger proportion of campylobacteriosis may be associated with outbreaks than previously determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren K. Hudson
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | | | - Runan Yan
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (R.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - Mugdha Golwalkar
- Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37243, USA; (M.G.); (K.N.G.); (J.R.D.)
| | | | - Irving Nachamkin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Linda S. Thomas
- Division of Laboratory Services, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37216, USA; (L.S.T.); (C.M.); (X.Q.); (R.S.)
| | - Christina Moore
- Division of Laboratory Services, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37216, USA; (L.S.T.); (C.M.); (X.Q.); (R.S.)
| | - Xiaorong Qian
- Division of Laboratory Services, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37216, USA; (L.S.T.); (C.M.); (X.Q.); (R.S.)
| | - Richard Steece
- Division of Laboratory Services, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37216, USA; (L.S.T.); (C.M.); (X.Q.); (R.S.)
| | - Katie N. Garman
- Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37243, USA; (M.G.); (K.N.G.); (J.R.D.)
| | - John R. Dunn
- Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37243, USA; (M.G.); (K.N.G.); (J.R.D.)
| | - Jasna Kovac
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (R.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - Thomas G. Denes
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hull DM, Harrell E, van Vliet AHM, Correa M, Thakur S. Antimicrobial resistance and interspecies gene transfer in Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni isolated from food animals, poultry processing, and retail meat in North Carolina, 2018-2019. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246571. [PMID: 33571292 PMCID: PMC7877606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention identifies antimicrobial resistant (AMR) Campylobacter as a serious threat to U.S. public health due to high community burden, increased transmissibility, and limited treatability. The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) plays an important role in surveillance of AMR bacterial pathogens in humans, food animals and retail meats. This study investigated C. coli and C. jejuni from live food animals, poultry carcasses at production, and retail meat in North Carolina between January 2018-December 2019. Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics were used for phenotypic and genotypic characterization to compare AMR profiles, virulence factors associated with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) (neuABC and cst-II or cst-III), and phylogenic linkage between 541 Campylobacter isolates (C. coli n = 343, C. jejuni n = 198). Overall, 90.4% (489/541) Campylobacter isolates tested positive for AMR genes, while 43% (233/541) carried resistance genes for three or more antibiotic classes and were classified molecularly multidrug resistant. AMR gene frequencies were highest against tetracyclines (64.3%), beta-lactams (63.6%), aminoglycosides (38.6%), macrolides (34.8%), quinolones (24.4%), lincosamides (13.5%), and streptothricins (5%). A total of 57.6% (114/198) C. jejuni carried GBS virulence factors, while three C. coli carried the C. jejuni-like lipooligosaccharide locus, neuABC and cst-II. Further evidence of C. coli and C. jejuni interspecies genomic exchange was observed in identical multilocus sequence typing, shared sequence type (ST) 7818 clonal complex 828, and identical species-indicator genes mapA, ceuE, and hipO. There was a significant increase in novel STs from 2018 to 2019 (2 in 2018 and 21 in 2019, p<0.002), illustrating variable Campylobacter genomes within food animal production. Introgression between C. coli and C. jejuni may aid pathogen adaption, lead to higher AMR and increase Campylobacter persistence in food processing. Future studies should further characterize interspecies gene transfer and evolutionary trends in food animal production to track evolving risks to public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M Hull
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erin Harrell
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Arnoud H M van Vliet
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Correa
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Siddhartha Thakur
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing for Food Animal Source Attribution of Human Campylobacter jejuni Infections. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9070532. [PMID: 32630646 PMCID: PMC7400327 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9070532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen and common cause of bacterial enteritis worldwide. A total of 622 C. jejuni isolates recovered from food animals and retail meats in the United States through the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System between 2013 and 2017 were sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq. Sequences were combined with WGS data of 222 human isolates downloaded from NCBI and analyzed by core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and traditional MLST. cgMLST allelic difference (AD) thresholds of 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 identified 828, 734, 652, 543, 422, 298 and 197 cgMLST types among the 844 isolates, respectively, and traditional MLST identified 174 ST. The cgMLST scheme allowing an AD of 200 (cgMLST200) revealed strong correlation with MLST. cgMLST200 showed 40.5% retail chicken isolates, 56.5% swine, 77.4% dairy cattle and 78.9% beef cattle isolates shared cgMLST sequence type with human isolates. All ST-8 had the same cgMLST200 type (cgMLST200-12) and 74.3% of ST-8 and 75% cgMLST200-12 were confirmed as sheep abortion virulence clones by PorA analysis. Twenty-nine acquired resistance genes, including 21 alleles of blaOXA, tetO, aph(3′)-IIIa, ant(6)-Ia, aadE, aad9, aph(2′)-Ig, aph(2′)-Ih, sat4 plus mutations in gyrA, 23SrRNA and L22 were identified. Resistance genotypes were strongly linked with cgMLST200 type for certain groups including 12/12 cgMLST200-510 with the A103V substitution in L22 and 10/11 cgMLST200-608 with the T86I GyrA substitution associated with macrolide and quinolone resistance, respectively. In summary, the cgMLST200 threshold scheme combined with resistance genotype information could provide an excellent subtyping scheme for source attribution of human C. jejuni infections.
Collapse
|
5
|
Sharma B, Thille K, Belmar VM, Thomas RN, Sharma RN. Molecular detection and genetic characterization of Arcobacter butzleri isolated from red-footed pet tortoises suspected for Campylobacter spp. from Grenada, West Indies. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230390. [PMID: 32176736 PMCID: PMC7075591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to detect and genetically characterize Arcobacter butzleri in pet red-footed tortoises suspected for Campylobacter spp., using molecular techniques. A written consent from tortoise owners was obtained, after explaining the advantages of the research to tortoise owners of Grenada. Fecal samples were collected from 114 tortoises from five parishes of the country and cultured for Campylobacter spp. using selective culture techniques. A. butzleri was isolated from 4.39% of pet tortoises. Total thirteen isolates were obtained; all identified as A. butzleri by a universal and a species-specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. Genetic characterization of these isolates was performed based on Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) that generated eight different genetic fingerprints with a discriminatory power of 0.91. Campylobacter species were not detected molecularly in any of the culture-positive samples. This is the first report of infection of pet tortoises in Grenada, West Indies with A. butzleri. This study emphasizes on the risk of zoonotic transmission of A. butzleri by exotic pets, which is a serious concern for public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhumika Sharma
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George’s University, Grand Anse, Grenada, West Indies
- * E-mail:
| | - Katelyn Thille
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George’s University, Grand Anse, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Vanessa Matthew Belmar
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George’s University, Grand Anse, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Roxanne Nicholas Thomas
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George’s University, Grand Anse, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Ravindra Nath Sharma
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George’s University, Grand Anse, Grenada, West Indies
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Andrzejewska M, Szczepańska B, Śpica D, Klawe JJ. Prevalence, Virulence, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter spp. in Raw Milk, Beef, and Pork Meat in Northern Poland. Foods 2019; 8:E420. [PMID: 31533265 PMCID: PMC6770586 DOI: 10.3390/foods8090420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether raw milk, unpasteurized dairy products, pork, and beef available for sale in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie and Wielkopolska regions in Poland are contaminated with Campylobacter spp. bacteria and may be a potential source of infection. For isolated strains, antibiotic susceptibility and the presence of genes responsible for virulence were examined. Material for research included 1058 food samples collected between 2014 and 2018 with 454 samples of raw milk and unpasteurized dairy products (milk from vending machines, milk from owners of dairy cows, cheese, milk cream) and 604 samples of raw meat (pork, beef). The results indicated that 9.3% of the samples were positive for Campylobacter spp., and Campylobacter jejuni was predominant in this study. Campylobacter bacteria was not found in milk collected from vending machines, as well as cheese and milk cream samples. Campylobacter was noted in 12.7% of beef samples, 11.8% of raw milk purchased from individual suppliers, and 10.9% of pork samples. Resistance to erythromycin (2.0%), azithromycin (3.1%), gentamicin (4.1%), tetracycline (65.3%), and ciprofloxacin (71.4%) was determined using the disc diffusion method. Furthermore, the prevalence of racR, sodB, csrA, virB11, cdtB, iam, and wlaN genes were examined using the PCR method. The sodB, csrA, and cdtB genes exhibited the highest detection rate, but none of the genes were identified in 100% of the isolates. Statistically significant differences between the presence of virulence marker genes, including for iam, racR, and csrA markers, were noted among different sources of the isolates. Differences in the distribution of iam, wlaN, and virB11 were also shown between C. jejuni and C. coli strains. As a result of the analysis, it has been concluded that unpasteurized milk, beef, and pork could be a sources of Campylobacter pathogens. Moreover, this study revealed virulent properties of Campylobacter isolated from such food products and high resistance rates to fluoroquinolones, which may represent difficulties in campylobacteriosis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Andrzejewska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń and Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 9 Marii Curie Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Bernadeta Szczepańska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń and Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 9 Marii Curie Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Dorota Śpica
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń and Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 9 Marii Curie Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Jacek J Klawe
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń and Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 9 Marii Curie Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xia J, Pang J, Tang Y, Wu Z, Dai L, Singh K, Xu C, Ruddell B, Kreuder A, Xia L, Ma X, Brooks KS, Ocal MM, Sahin O, Plummer PJ, Griffith RW, Zhang Q. High Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter Bacteria in Sheep and Increased Campylobacter Counts in the Bile and Gallbladders of Sheep Medicated with Tetracycline in Feed. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e00008-19. [PMID: 30926726 PMCID: PMC6532027 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00008-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is a major foodborne pathogen in humans and a significant cause of abortion in sheep. Although ruminants are increasingly recognized as important reservoirs for Campylobacter species, limited information is available about the molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of sheep Campylobacter Here, we describe a two-trial study that examined Campylobacter profiles in sheep and determined whether in-feed tetracycline (TET) influenced the distribution and AMR profiles of Campylobacter Each trial involved 80 commercial sheep naturally infected with Campylobacter: 40 of these sheep were medicated with tetracycline in feed, while the other 40 received feed without antibiotics. Fecal and bile samples were collected for the isolation of Campylobacter The bacterial isolates were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility and genotypes. The results revealed that 87.0% and 61.3% of the fecal and bile samples were positive for Campylobacter (Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli), with no significant differences between the medicated and nonmedicated groups. All but one of the tested Campylobacter isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Although fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance remained low in C. jejuni (1.7%), 95.0% of the C. coli isolates were resistant to FQ. Genotyping revealed that C. jejuni sequence type 2862 (ST2862) and C. coli ST902 were the predominant genotypes in the sheep. Feed medication with tetracycline did not affect the overall prevalence, species distribution, and AMR profiles of Campylobacter, but it did increase the total Campylobacter counts in bile and gallbladder. These findings identify predominant Campylobacter clones, reveal the high prevalence of FQ-resistant C. coli, and provide new insights into the epidemiology of Campylobacter in sheep.IMPORTANCECampylobacter is a major cause of foodborne illness in humans, and antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter is considered a serious threat to public health in the United States and worldwide. As a foodborne pathogen, Campylobacter commonly exists in the intestinal tract of ruminant animals, such as sheep and cattle. Results from this study reveal the predominant genotypes and high prevalence of tetracycline (TET) and fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance in sheep Campylobacter The finding on fluoroquinolone resistance in sheep Campylobacter is unexpected, as this class of antibiotics is not used for sheep in the United States, and it may suggest the transmission of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter from cattle to sheep. Additionally, the results demonstrate that in-feed medication with tetracycline increases Campylobacter counts in gallbladders, suggesting that the antibiotic promotes Campylobacter colonization of the gallbladder. These findings provide new information on Campylobacter epidemiology in sheep, which may be useful for curbing the spread of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter in animal reservoirs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinji Pang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Yizhi Tang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Zuowei Wu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Lei Dai
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Kritika Singh
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Changyun Xu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Brandon Ruddell
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Amanda Kreuder
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Lining Xia
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Kelly S Brooks
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Melda M Ocal
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Orhan Sahin
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Paul J Plummer
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Ronald W Griffith
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Qijing Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Whitehouse CA, Zhao S, Tate H. Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter Species: Mechanisms and Genomic Epidemiology. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 103:1-47. [PMID: 29914655 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Campylobacter genus is a large and diverse group of Gram-negative bacteria that are known to colonize humans and other mammals, birds, reptiles, and shellfish. While it is now recognized that several emerging Campylobacter species can be associated with human disease, two species, C. jejuni and C. coli, are responsible for the vast majority of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Infection with C. jejuni, in particular, has also been associated with a number of extragastrointestinal manifestations and autoimmune conditions, most notably Guillain-Barré syndrome. The antimicrobial drugs of choice for the treatment of severe Campylobacter infection include macrolides, such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, or azithromycin. Fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, are also commonly used for empirical treatment of undiagnosed diarrheal disease. However, resistance to these and other classes of antimicrobial drugs is increasing and is a major public health problem. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that over 300,000 infections per year are caused by drug-resistant Campylobacter. In this chapter, we discuss the taxonomy of the Campylobacter genus, the clinical and global epidemiological aspects of Campylobacter infection, with an emphasis on C. jejuni and C. coli, and issues related to the treatment of infection and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. We further discuss the use of next-generation sequencing for the detection and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaohua Zhao
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, United States
| | - Heather Tate
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Current State of Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter spp.: Trends and Impacts of Resistance Mechanisms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.00416-17. [PMID: 28411226 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00416-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter spp., especially Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli, are leading bacterial foodborne pathogens worldwide. In the United States, an estimated 0.8 million cases of campylobacteriosis occur annually, mostly involving C. jejuni Campylobacteriosis is generally self-limiting, but in severe cases, treatment with antibiotics may be mandated. The increasing incidence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter has rendered macrolides such as erythromycin and azithromycin the drugs of choice for human campylobacteriosis. The prevalence of macrolide resistance in C. jejuni remains low, but macrolide resistance can be common in C. coli Substitutions in the 23S rRNA gene, specifically A2075G, and less frequently A2074C/G, remain the most common mechanism for high-level resistance to macrolides. In C. jejuni, resistance mediated by such substitutions is accompanied by a reduced ability to colonize chickens and other fitness costs, potentially contributing to the low incidence of macrolide resistance. Interestingly, similar fitness impacts have not been noted in C. coli Also noteworthy is a novel mechanism first reported in 2014 for a C. coli isolate from China and mediated by erm(B) harbored on multidrug resistance genomic islands. The incidence of erm(B) appears to reflect clonal expansion of certain strains, and whole-genome sequencing has been critical to the elucidation of erm(B)-associated macrolide resistance in Campylobacter spp. With the exception of one report from Spain, erm(B)-mediated macrolide resistance has been restricted to Campylobacter spp., mostly C. coli, of animal and human origin from China. If erm(B)-mediated macrolide resistance does not confer fitness costs in C. jejuni, the range of this gene may expand in C. jejuni, threatening to compromise treatment effectiveness for severe campylobacteriosis cases.
Collapse
|
10
|
Del Collo LP, Karns JS, Biswas D, Lombard JE, Haley BJ, Kristensen RC, Kopral CA, Fossler CP, Van Kessel JAS. Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular characterization of Campylobacter spp. in bulk tank milk and milk filters from US dairies. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:3470-3479. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|