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Fang J, Yin Z, Zhang T, Yang W, Fang T, Wang Y, Guo N. Preparation and characterization of carvacrol/ε-polylysine loaded antimicrobial nanobilayer emulsion and its application in mango preservation. Food Chem 2024; 446:138831. [PMID: 38402759 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Carvacrol is well-known natural antimicrobial compounds. However, its usage in fruit preservation is restricted owing to poor water solubility. Our study aims to address this limitation by combining carvacrol with whey protein isolate (WPI) to form nanoemulsion and enhancing antimicrobial properties and stability of nanoemulsion through ε-polylysine addition, thereby improving their application in fruit preservation. The results indicated that the nanoemulsion exhibited a double-layer structure. The physicochemical properties and storage stability were found to be favorable under the conditions of WPI (0.3 wt% v/v), Carvacrol (0.5 % v/v), and ε-polylysine (0.3 wt% v/v). In addition, the nanoemulsion had inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger at concentrations of minimal inhibition concentration (32, 32, and 200 μg/mL, respectively). In addition, during a 7-day storage period, the nanoemulsion effectively preserved mangoes. Therefore, nanoemulsion could serve as a candidate for control of postharvest mangoes spoilage and extend its period of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhuofan Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Weicong Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Tianqi Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Na Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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2
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Redding M, Bolten S, Gu G, Luo Y, Micallef SA, Millner P, Nou X. Growth and inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in sterile extracts of fruits and vegetables: Impact of the intrinsic factors pH, sugar and organic acid content. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 386:110043. [PMID: 36495819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.110043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsic characteristics of fresh produce, such as pH, water activity, acid content and nutrient availability are critical factors in determining the survival and growth of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm). In this study, sterile fresh produce juice was used to analyze Lm growth potential among 14 different commodities and to identify physicochemical characteristics in those juices that affect Lm growth. Significant growth of Lm was observed in juices with pH ≥5.6 and low acidity (0.04-0.07 % titratable acidity (TA)) (cantaloupe, carrot, celery, green pepper, parsley, and romaine lettuce), slight reduction of Lm was observed in juices with pH 4.1 (tomato) and pH 3.9 (mango), and no Lm counts were recovered from juices with pH ≤3.8 and high acidity (0.28-1.17 % TA) (apple, blueberry, grape, peach, and pineapple). Although these acidic fruit juices possessed a high sugar content, the pH and acidity of produce juice seemed to be the primary determinants for Lm growth. The neutralization of acidic juices (i.e., Fuji and Gala apple, blueberry, grape, mango, pineapple, peach, and tomato) enabled Lm growth at 37 °C in all juices except for Gala apple and peach. Strong decline in Lm populations in Gala apple, grape and peach juices might be linked to sensitivity to organic acids, such as malic acid. Furthermore, Lm populations significantly decreased in pH-neutral (7.6) cauliflower juice, suggesting that potential antilisterial substances may play a role in Lm decline in cauliflower juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Redding
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Samantha Bolten
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ganyu Gu
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Yaguang Luo
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Shirley A Micallef
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, Centre for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Patricia Millner
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Xiangwu Nou
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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3
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Hu M, Dong Q, Liu Y, Sun T, Gu M, Zhu H, Xia X, Li Z, Wang X, Ma Y, Yang S, Qin X. A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Listeria monocytogenes Response to Sanitizer Treatments. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010154. [PMID: 36613373 PMCID: PMC9818549 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous organism that can be found in food-related environments, and sanitizers commonly prevent and control it. The aim of this study is to perform a meta-analysis of L. monocytogenes response to sanitizer treatments. According to the principle of systematic review, we extracted 896 records on the mean log-reduction of L. monocytogenes from 84 publications as the dataset for this study. We applied a mixed-effects model to describe L. monocytogenes response to sanitizer treatment by considering sanitizer type, matrix type, biofilm status, sanitizer concentration, treatment time, and temperature. Based on the established model, we compared the response of L. monocytogenes under different hypothetical conditions using forest plots. The results showed that environmental factors (i.e., sanitizer concentration, temperature, and treatment time) affected the average log-reduction of L. monocytogenes (p < 0.05). L. monocytogenes generally exhibited strong resistance to citric acid and sodium hypochlorite but had low resistance to electrolyzed water. The planktonic cells of L. monocytogenes were less resistant to peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite than the adherent and biofilm cells. Additionally, the physical and chemical properties of the contaminated or inoculated matrix or surface also influenced the sanitizer effectiveness. This review may contribute to increasing our knowledge of L. monocytogenes resistance to sanitizers and raising awareness of appropriate safety precautions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Hu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qingli Dong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yangtai Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Tianmei Sun
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Mingliang Gu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Huajian Zhu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xuejuan Xia
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhuosi Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiaojie Qin
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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Su R, Guo P, Zhang Z, Wang J, Guo X, Guo D, Wang Y, Lü X, Shi C. Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Linalool against Shigella sonnei and Its Application in Lettuce. Foods 2022. [PMCID: PMC9602298 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Shigella sonnei (S. sonnei) infection accounted for approximately 75% of annual outbreaks of shigellosis, with the vast majority of outbreaks due to the consumption of contaminated foods (e.g., fresh vegetables, potato salad, fish, beef, etc.). Thus, we investigated the antibacterial effect and mechanism of linalool on S. sonnei and evaluated the effect of linalool on the sensory quality of lettuce. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of linalool against S. sonnei ATCC 25931 was 1.5 mg/mL. S. sonnei was treated with linalool at 1× MIC for 30 min and the amount of bacteria was decreased below the detection limit (1 CFU/mL) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. The bacterial content of the lettuce surface was reduced by 4.33 log CFU/cm2 after soaking with linalool at 2× MIC. Treatment with linalool led to increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decreased intracellular adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) content, increased membrane lipid oxidation, damaged cell membrane integrity, and hyperpolarized cell membrane potential in S. sonnei. The application of linalool to lettuce had no effect on the color of lettuce compared to the control. The sensory evaluation results showed that linalool had an acceptable effect on the sensory quality of lettuce. These findings indicate that linalool played an antibacterial effect against S. sonnei and had potential as a natural antimicrobial for the inhibition of this foodborne pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Peng Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ziruo Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jingzi Wang
- School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinyi Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Du Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yutang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-8709-2486; Fax: +86-29-8709-1391
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5
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NMR-based metabolomic investigation on antimicrobial mechanism of Salmonella on cucumber slices treated with organic acids. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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6
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Luciano WA, Griffin S, Targino de Souza Pedrosa G, Alvarenga V, Valdramidis V, Magnani M. Growth behavior of low populations of Listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut mango, melon and papaya under different storage temperatures. Food Microbiol 2021; 102:103930. [PMID: 34809956 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The growth behavior of Listeria monocytogenes low population (1-4 cells/sample) on fresh-cut mango, melon, papaya and fruit mix stored at 4, 8, 12 and 16 °C was evaluated over 10 days. Mango showed the lowest counts for L. monocytogenes during 10 days regardless of storage temperature (<1.7 log cfu.g-1). Melon supported high bacterial growth over 10 days, reaching 5 log cfu.g-1 at 16 °C. Both the fruit and storage temperature influenced the Listeria low population growth potential (δ). Cumulative frequency distribution of L. monocytogenes showed that after 10 days, 100% of fresh-cut fruits and fruit mix stored at 4 °C remained ≤2 log cfu.g-1, while at 12 and 16 °C 100% of melon, papaya and fruit mix samples exceeded this limit. At 8 °C, 100% of mango and fruit mix samples remained below this limit after 10 days, whereas 100% of melon and papaya reached it after 7 days. Results indicate 4 °C as the ideal to store safely fresh-cut mango, melon, papaya and fruit mix for 10 days. Besides, 8 °C can also be an option, but not for melon and papaya. Findings highlight the ability of L. monocytogenes to survive and grow in fresh-cut fruits even at a very low initial population levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Alencar Luciano
- Laboratory of Microbial Process in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Sholeem Griffin
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Geany Targino de Souza Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Microbial Process in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Veronica Alvarenga
- Department of Food, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vasilis Valdramidis
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Laboratory of Microbial Process in Foods, Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
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Fate of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes on Whole Papaya during Storage and Antimicrobial Efficiency of Aqueous Chlorine Dioxide Generated with HCl, Malic Acid or Lactic Acid on Whole Papaya. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081871. [PMID: 34441647 PMCID: PMC8394176 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Papaya-associated foodborne illness outbreaks have been frequently reported worldwide. The goal of this study was to evaluate the behavior of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes on whole papaya during storage and sanitizing process. Fresh green papayas were inoculated with approximately 7 log CFU of S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes and stored at 21 or 7 °C for 14 days. Bacteria counts were determined on day 0, 1, 7, 10 and 14. Fresh green papayas inoculated with approximately 8 log CFU of the bacteria were treated for 5 min with 2.5, 5 and 10 ppm aqueous chlorine dioxide (ClO2). The ClO2 solutions were generated by mixing sodium chlorite with an acid, which was HCl, lactic acid or malic acid. The detection limit of the enumeration method was 2.40 log CFU per papaya. At the end of storage period, S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes grew by 1.88 and 1.24 log CFU on papayas at 21 °C, respectively. Both bacteria maintained their initial population at inoculation on papayas stored at 7 °C. Higher concentrations of ClO2 reduced more bacteria on papaya. 10 ppm ClO2, regardless the acid used to generate the solutions, inactivated S. Typhimurium to undetectable level on papaya. 10 ppm ClO2 generated with HCl, lactic acid and malic acid reduced L. monocytogenes by 4.40, 6.54 and 8.04 log CFU on papaya, respectively. Overall, ClO2 generated with malic acid showed significantly higher bacterial reduction than ClO2 generated with HCl or lactic acid. These results indicate there is a risk of survival and growth for S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes on papaya at commercial storage conditions. Aqueous ClO2 generated with malic acid shows effectiveness in inactivating the pathogenic bacteria on papaya.
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Pinton SC, Bardsley CA, Marik CM, Boyer RR, Strawn LK. Fate of Listeria monocytogenes on Broccoli and Cauliflower at Different Storage Temperatures. J Food Prot 2020; 83:858-864. [PMID: 31928419 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-19-490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Understanding a food's ability to support the growth and/or survival of a pathogen throughout the supply chain is essential to minimizing large-scale contamination events. The purpose of this study was to examine the behavior (growth and/or survival) of Listeria monocytogenes on broccoli and cauliflower florets stored at different postharvest temperatures utilized along the supply chain. Broccoli and cauliflower samples were inoculated with L. monocytogenes at approximately 3 log CFU/g and stored at 23 ± 2, 12 ± 2, 4 ± 2, and -18 ± 2°C. Samples were evaluated for L. monocytogenes levels after 0, 0.167 (4 h), 1, 2, 3, and 4 days at 23 ± 2°C; 0, 0.167, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days at 12 ± 2°C; 0, 0.167, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days at 4 ± 2°C; and 0, 1, 7, 28, 56, 84, 112, 140, and 168 days at -18 ± 2°C. L. monocytogenes populations were determined by plating samples onto tryptic soy agar and modified Oxford agar supplemented with nalidixic acid. Broccoli and cauliflower supported the growth of L. monocytogenes at 23, 12, and 4°C, and higher growth rates were observed at higher temperatures. Populations of L. monocytogenes on broccoli and cauliflower samples significantly increased within 1 day at 23°C (by 1.6 and 2.0 log CFU/g, respectively) (P ≤ 0.05). At 12°C, populations of L. monocytogenes on broccoli and cauliflower samples significantly increased over 14 days by 1.4 and 1.9 log CFU/g, respectively (P ≤ 0.05). No significant difference over time was observed in L. monocytogenes populations on broccoli and cauliflower samples held under refrigeration until populations began to grow by day 10 in both commodities (P > 0.05). Under frozen storage (-18°C), populations of L. monocytogenes survived on broccoli and cauliflower at least up to 168 days. Storage of broccoli and cauliflower at lower temperatures can minimize L. monocytogenes growth potential; growth rates were lower at 4°C than at 12 and 23°C. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia C Pinton
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060
| | - Cameron A Bardsley
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Painter, Virginia 23420, USA (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-0081 [L.K.S.])
| | - Claire M Marik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Painter, Virginia 23420, USA (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-0081 [L.K.S.])
| | - Renee R Boyer
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060
| | - Laura K Strawn
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Painter, Virginia 23420, USA (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9523-0081 [L.K.S.])
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Marik CM, Zuchel J, Schaffner DW, Strawn LK. Growth and Survival of Listeria monocytogenes on Intact Fruit and Vegetable Surfaces during Postharvest Handling: A Systematic Literature Review. J Food Prot 2020; 83:108-128. [PMID: 31855613 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes may be present in produce-associated environments (e.g., fields, packing houses); thus, understanding its growth and survival on intact, whole produce is of critical importance. The goal of this study was to identify and characterize published data on the growth and/or survival of L. monocytogenes on intact fruit and vegetable surfaces. Relevant studies were identified by searching seven electronic databases: AGRICOLA, CAB Abstracts, Center for Produce Safety funded research project final reports, FST Abstracts, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. Searches were conducted using the following terms: Listeria monocytogenes, produce, growth, and survival. Search terms were also modified and "exploded" to find all related subheadings. Included studies had to be prospective, describe methodology (e.g., inoculation method), outline experimental parameters, and provide quantitative growth and/or survival data. Studies were not included if methods were unclear or inappropriate, or if produce was cut, processed, or otherwise treated. Of 3,459 identified citations, 88 were reviewed in full and 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. Included studies represented 21 commodities, with the majority of studies focusing on melons, leafy greens, berries, or sprouts. Synthesis of the reviewed studies suggests L. monocytogenes growth and survival on intact produce surfaces differ substantially by commodity. Parameters such as temperature and produce surface characteristics had a considerable effect on L. monocytogenes growth and survival dynamics. This review provides an inventory of the current data on L. monocytogenes growth and/or survival on intact produce surfaces. Identification of which intact produce commodities support L. monocytogenes growth and/or survival at various conditions observed along the supply chain will assist the industry in managing L. monocytogenes contamination risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Marik
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Painter, Virginia 23420
| | - Joyce Zuchel
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Painter, Virginia 23420
| | - Donald W Schaffner
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Laura K Strawn
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Painter, Virginia 23420
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Mohamed-Salem R, Rodríguez Fernández C, Nieto-Pelegrín E, Conde-Valentín B, Rumbero A, Martinez-Quiles N. Aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa inhibits pedestal induction by enteropathogenic E. coli and promotes bacterial filamentation in vitro. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213580. [PMID: 30849110 PMCID: PMC6407759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrheic diseases account for the annual death of approximately 1.9 million children under the age of 5 years, and it is a major cause of work absenteeism in developed countries. As diarrheagenic bacteria, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) attach to cells in the small intestine, causing local disappearance of microvilli and inducing the formation of actin-rich pedestals that disrupt the intestinal barrier and help EPEC adhere to and infect intestinal cells. Antibiotics and other bioactive compounds can often be found by analyzing traditional medicines. Here a crude aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa, which typically grows in subtropical and tropical areas and is a popular medicinal tisane in many countries, was analyzed for antibacterial activity against EPEC. In standard microdilution assays, the extract showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 6.5 mg/ml against EPEC growth. Time-kill kinetics assays demonstrated significant 24 h bactericidal activity at 25 mg/ml. The extract is able to impede pedestal induction. Not only did the extract inhibit preformed pedestals but it prevented pedestal induction as well. Remarkably, it also promoted the formation of EPEC filaments, as observed with other antibiotics. Our results in vitro support the potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa as an antimicrobial agent against EPEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda Mohamed-Salem
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Elvira Nieto-Pelegrín
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Conde-Valentín
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology Department, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Rumbero
- Organic Chemistry Department, Autonóma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Narcisa Martinez-Quiles
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University and Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Torres AG, Amaral MM, Bentancor L, Galli L, Goldstein J, Krüger A, Rojas-Lopez M. Recent Advances in Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Research in Latin America. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6040100. [PMID: 30274180 PMCID: PMC6313304 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Escherichia coli are known to be a common cause of diarrheal disease and a frequently occurring bacterial infection in children and adults in Latin America. Despite the effort to combat diarrheal infections, the south of the American continent remains a hot spot for infections and sequelae associated with the acquisition of one category of pathogenic E. coli, the Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). This review will focus on an overview of the prevalence of different STEC serotypes in human, animals and food products, focusing on recent reports from Latin America outlining the recent research progress achieved in this region to combat disease and endemicity in affected countries and to improve understanding on emerging serotypes and their virulence factors. Furthermore, this review will highlight the progress done in vaccine development and treatment and will also discuss the effort of the Latin American investigators to respond to the thread of STEC infections by establishing a multidisciplinary network of experts that are addressing STEC-associated animal, human and environmental health issues, while trying to reduce human disease. Regardless of the significant scientific contributions to understand and combat STEC infections worldwide, many significant challenges still exist and this review has focus in the Latin American efforts as an example of what can be accomplished when multiple groups have a common goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo G Torres
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| | - Maria M Amaral
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatogenia, Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1121ABG, Argentina.
| | - Leticia Bentancor
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic and Applied Microbiology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires 1876, Argentina.
| | - Lucia Galli
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria Ing. Fernando N. Dulout (UNLP-CONICET, La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
| | - Jorge Goldstein
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Houssay, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1121ABG, Argentina.
| | - Alejandra Krüger
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CONICET-CIC-UNCPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil 7000, Argentina.
| | - Maricarmen Rojas-Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Ziegler M, Rüegg S, Stephan R, Guldimann C. Growth potential of Listeria monocytogenes in six different RTE fruit products: impact of food matrix, storage temperature and shelf life. Ital J Food Saf 2018; 7:7581. [PMID: 30538961 PMCID: PMC6240924 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2018.7581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the growth potential of Listeria monocytogenes on six RTE fruit products at low (4°C at the factory followed by 8°C retail/home storage) and abusive (4°C followed by 12°C) storage temperatures. Sliced coconut and fresh cut cantaloupe, as well as a fruit mix containing diced pineapple, cantaloupe, apples and grapes supported the growth of L. monocytogenes with a growth potential δ>0.5 log CFU/g over six days. Mangoes, a mix of diced kiwi, cantaloupe and pineapple as well as a mix of diced pineapple, mango, grapefruit, kiwi and pomegranate did not support a growth potential that exceeded 0.5 log CFU/g over six days. The growth potential of L. monocytogenes correlated significantly with the pH; no product with a pH below 4 showed a significant growth potential of L. monocytogenes. Time after inoculation was also a significant predictor of the growth potential, while the fruit type and storage temperature were not.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Rüegg
- Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Switzerland
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