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Majeed U, Majeed H, Liu X, Shafi A, Liu T, Ye J, Meng Q, Luo Y. Succinylated starch emulsified Eugenol and Carvacrol nanoemulsions improved digestive stability, bio-accessibility and Salmonella typhimurium inhibition. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129230. [PMID: 38184054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The ultrasonically processed Eugenol (EU) and Carvacrol (CAR) nanoemulsions (NE) were successfully optimized via response surface methodology (RSM) to achieve broad spectrum antimicrobial efficacy. These NE were prepared using 2 % (w/w) purity gum ultra (i.e., succinylated starch), 10 % (v/v) oil phase, 80 % (800 W) sonication power, and 10 min of processing time as determined via RSM. The second order Polynomial method was suitable to RSM with a co-efficient of determination >0.90 and a narrow polydispersity index (PDI) ranging 0.12-0.19. NE had small droplet sizes (135.5-160 nm) and low volatility at high temperatures. The EU & CAR entrapment and heat stability (300 °C) confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Further, the volatility of EU & CAR NE was 18.18 ± 0.13 % and 12.29 ± 0.11 % respectively, being lower than that of bulk/unencapsulated EU & CAR (i.e., 23.48 ± 0.38 % and 19.11 ± 0.08 %) after 2 h at 90 °C. Interestingly, both EU & CAR NE showed sustained release behaviour till 48 h. Their digest could inhibit Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) via membrane disruption and access to cellular machinery as evident from SEM images. Furthermore, in-vivo bio-accessibility of EU & CAR in mice serum was up to 80 %. These cost-effective and short-processed EU/CAR NE have the potential as green preservatives for food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Majeed
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Hamid Majeed
- Department of Food sciences, Cholistan university of veterinary and animal sciences, 63100 Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Xuehua Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Afshan Shafi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ting Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Jianming Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yane Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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Shcherbakova L, Mikityuk O, Arslanova L, Stakheev A, Erokhin D, Zavriev S, Dzhavakhiya V. Studying the Ability of Thymol to Improve Fungicidal Effects of Tebuconazole and Difenoconazole Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi in Seed or Foliar Treatments. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:629429. [PMID: 33717020 PMCID: PMC7947622 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.629429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymol, a secondary plant metabolite possessing antifungal and chemosensitizing activities, disrupts cell wall or membrane integrity and interferes with ergosterol biosynthesis. Thymol also functions as a redox-active compound inducing generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in fungal cells. Previously, we showed thymol significantly enhanced the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of difenoconazole against Bipolaris sorokiniana and Parastagonospora nodorum. More recently, we demonstrated a possibility to use thymol to overcome the resistance of a P. nodorum strain able to grow on difenoconazole-containing media. However, potential for thymol to serve as a chemosensitizing agent in seed or plant treatments, to provide an effective suppression of the above-mentioned plant pathogens by triazole fungicides applied in lowered dosages, had yet to be tested. In the work presented here, we showed combined treatments of naturally infected barley seeds with thymol and difenoconazole (Dividend® 030 FS) synergistically exacerbated the protective effect against common root rot agent, B. sorokiniana, and other fungi (Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp.). Similarly, co-applied treatment of wheat seeds, artificially inoculated with Fusarium culmorum, resulted in equivalent reduction of disease incidence on barley seedlings as application of Dividend®, alone, at a ten-fold higher dosage. In foliar treatments of wheat seedlings, thymol combined with Folicur® 250 EC (a.i. tebuconazole) enhanced sensitivity of P. nodorum, a glume/leaf blotch pathogen, to the fungicide and provided a significant mitigation of disease severity on treated seedlings, compared to controls, without increasing Folicur® dosages. Folicur® co-applied with thymol was also significantly more effective against a strain of P. nodorum tolerant to Folicur® alone. No additional deoxynivalenol or zearalenone production was found when a toxigenic F. culmorum was cultured in a nutrient medium containing thymol at a concentration used for chemosensitization of root rot agents. Accordingly, F. culmorum exposure to thymol at the sensitizing concentration did not up-regulate key genes associated with the biosynthesis of trichothecene or polyketide mycotoxins in this pathogen. Further studies using field trials are necessary to determine if thymol-triazole co-applications result in sensitization of seed- and foliar-associated plant pathogenic fungi, and if thymol affects production of fusarial toxins under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Shcherbakova
- Laboratory of Physiological Plant Pathology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Mikityuk
- Laboratory of Physiological Plant Pathology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lenara Arslanova
- Department of Molecular Biology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Stakheev
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Erokhin
- Department of Molecular Biology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Zavriev
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly Dzhavakhiya
- Department of Molecular Biology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
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Silva SG, de Oliveira MS, Cruz JN, da Costa WA, da Silva SHM, Barreto Maia AA, de Sousa RL, Carvalho Junior RN, de Aguiar Andrade EH. Supercritical CO2 extraction to obtain Lippia thymoides Mart. & Schauer (Verbenaceae) essential oil rich in thymol and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.105064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Huang X, Lao Y, Pan Y, Chen Y, Zhao H, Gong L, Xie N, Mo CH. Synergistic Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Plant Essential Oil and Its Application in Seafood Preservation: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020307. [PMID: 33435286 PMCID: PMC7827451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synergistic potential of plant essential oils (EOs) with other conventional and non-conventional antimicrobial agents is a promising strategy for increasing antimicrobial efficacy and controlling foodborne pathogens. Spoilage microorganisms are one of main concerns of seafood products, while the prevention of seafood spoilage principally requires exclusion or inactivation of microbial activity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies on the synergistic antimicrobial effect of EOs combined with other available chemicals (such as antibiotics, organic acids, and plant extracts) or physical methods (such as high hydrostatic pressure, irradiation, and vacuum-packaging) utilized to reduce the growth of foodborne pathogens and/or to extend the shelf-life of seafood products. This review highlights the synergistic ability of EOs when used as a seafood preservative, discovering the possible routes of the combined techniques for the development of a novel seafood preservation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpei Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (X.H.); (H.Z.)
- Shanwei Marine Industry Institute, Shanwei Polytechnic, Shanwei 516600, China; (Y.P.); (Y.C.); (N.X.)
| | - Yuli Lao
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
| | - Yifeng Pan
- Shanwei Marine Industry Institute, Shanwei Polytechnic, Shanwei 516600, China; (Y.P.); (Y.C.); (N.X.)
| | - Yiping Chen
- Shanwei Marine Industry Institute, Shanwei Polytechnic, Shanwei 516600, China; (Y.P.); (Y.C.); (N.X.)
| | - Haiming Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (X.H.); (H.Z.)
| | - Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
| | - Nanbin Xie
- Shanwei Marine Industry Institute, Shanwei Polytechnic, Shanwei 516600, China; (Y.P.); (Y.C.); (N.X.)
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (X.H.); (H.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-85223405
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Araruna ME, Serafim C, Alves Júnior E, Hiruma-Lima C, Diniz M, Batista L. Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Terpenes in Experimental Models (2010-2020): A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225430. [PMID: 33233487 PMCID: PMC7699610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) refer to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, which mainly comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBDs are characterized by inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, are highly debilitating, and are without a definitive cure. Their pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated; however, it is assumed that genetic, immunological, and environmental factors are involved. People affected by IBDs have relapses, and therapeutic regimens are not always able to keep symptoms in remission over the long term. Natural products emerge as an alternative for the development of new drugs; bioactive compounds are promising in the treatment of several disorders, among them those that affect the gastrointestinal tract, due to their wide structural diversity and biological activities. This review compiles 12 terpenes with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity evaluated in animal models and in vitro studies. The therapeutic approach to IBDs using terpenes acts basically to prevent oxidative stress, combat dysbiosis, restore intestinal permeability, and improve the inflammation process in different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elaine Araruna
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Catarina Serafim
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Edvaldo Alves Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Clelia Hiruma-Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil;
| | - Margareth Diniz
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Leônia Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-83-32167003; Fax: +55-83-32167502
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