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Shid-Moosavi TS, Mohammadi N, Gharamani Y, Motamedifar M, Alizadeh AA. Evaluating antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles incorporated into reinforced zinc oxide eugenol: an in vitro study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:443-450. [PMID: 38724869 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol (rZOE) incorporated with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). METHODS The pastes of rZOE alone or mixed with AgNPs at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 5% of weight were prepared. In vitro antimicrobial activity of prepared materials against Streptococcus (S.) mutans and Lactobacillus (L.) acidophilus were evaluated after 2, 4, and 6 h of contact times using direct contact test (DCT) and also following 24 h incubation by well-diffusion test (WDT). The cytotoxicity of the tested materials on human dental pulp stem cells was also determined by MTT assay. RESULTS The DCT demonstrated that the time-dependent reductions of the colony numbers of both bacteria by three different concentrations of AgNPs incorporated into rZOE were equal but steeper than the rZOE alone (P < 0.05). The increases in growth inhibition zones of S. mutans and L. acidophilus were associated with the increasing concentration of AgNPs mixed with rZOE in the WDT; however, statistical analysis did not show any significant differences (P = 0.092). The MTT assay revealed a significantly lower percentage of cell viability after 1 day of culture only with the rZOE + AgNP5% in comparison to the rZOE alone (P = 0.011) and the control medium (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Since the antimicrobial activities of three different concentrations of AgNPs incorporated into rZOE were equal and AgNPs had lower toxicity at lower concentrations, using AgNPs at 1% concentration is suggested to be mixed with rZOE.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Shid-Moosavi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - N Mohammadi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Shiraz Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Y Gharamani
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Motamedifar
- Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A A Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ravuru D, Vivek Reddy G, Bhupathi A, Sunil Kumar KT, Singaraju GS, Mandava P. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties and Shear Bond Strength of Conventional Orthodontic Adhesive Modified With Calotropis gigantea Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e51182. [PMID: 38283466 PMCID: PMC10817711 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bonding of brackets with adhesives during orthodontic fixed appliance therapy is associated with white spot lesions (WSLs). An adhesive developed with an antimicrobial property is advantageous to prevent decalcification of the enamel surface. The current study assesses the antimicrobial and shear bond strength (SBS) characteristics of an experimental conventional orthodontic adhesive incorporated with different concentrations of nanoparticles (NPs) prepared from the leaves of Calotropis gigantea and compares them with non-admixed conventional adhesive. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 premolar teeth therapeutically extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned to four equal groups of n = 10 each. In control Group I, unmodified conventional adhesive was used to bond the brackets. In the three experimental groups, Group II, Group III, and Group IV, the brackets were bonded with modified conventional adhesive admixed with the C. gigantea NPs in concentrations of 1%, 5%, and 10%, respectively. The agar well diffusion test and the disc agar diffusion (DAD) test were utilized for assessing the anti-microbial activity of the composite discs. The SBS of the groups was determined by a universal testing machine. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS A one-way ANOVA and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) post-hoc test was used to analyze the difference in shear bond strength and microbial inhibition zone diameter between the groups with a probability (p) value of equal to or less than 0.05 as statistical significance. RESULTS The mean SBS for Group I without nanoparticles is 6.99±0.75 MPa. The SBS value decreased inversely in proportion to the concentration of NPs: Group II (1% NP) 6.29±0.67 MPa; Group III (5% NP) 4.40±0.47 MPa; and Group IV (10% NP) 1.98±0.21 MPa, which is statistically significant (p < 0.001). The incorporation of C. gigantea NPs resulted in a decrease in the actual microbial potency of the conventional adhesive. CONCLUSION Isolated C. gigantea NPs, when used alone, proved to have antimicrobial efficacy, but orthodontic adhesives admixed with C. gigantea NPs showed no additive effect, and SBS values decreased with increased concentrations of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Ravuru
- Orthodontics, Oxford Dental College, Bengaluru, IND
| | | | - Arun Bhupathi
- Orthodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, IND
| | | | | | - Prasad Mandava
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Narayana Dental College, Nellore, IND
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Applications of Antioxidants in Dental Procedures. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122492. [PMID: 36552699 PMCID: PMC9774737 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As people are paying more and more attention to dental health, various dental treatment procedures have emerged, such as tooth bleaching, dental implants, and dental restorations. However, a large number of free radicals are typically produced during the dental procedures. When the imbalance in distribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is induced, oxidative stress coupled with oxidative damage occurs. Oral inflammations such as those in periodontitis and pulpitis are also unavoidable. Therefore, the applications of exogenous antioxidants in oral environment have been proposed. In this article, the origin of ROS during dental procedures, the types of antioxidants, and their working mechanisms are reviewed. Additionally, antioxidants delivery in the complicated dental procedures and their feasibility for clinical applications are also covered. Finally, the importance of safety assessment of these materials and future work to take the challenge in antioxidants development are proposed for perspective.
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Fierascu RC. Incorporation of Nanomaterials in Glass Ionomer Cements-Recent Developments and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12213827. [PMID: 36364603 PMCID: PMC9658828 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Glass ionomer cements (GICs), restorative materials with commercial availability spanning over five decades, are widely applied due to their advantages (including bio-compatibility, fluoride release, or excellent bonding properties). However, GICs have shortcomings. Among the disadvantages limiting the application of GICs, the poor mechanical properties are the most significant. In order to enhance the mechanical or antimicrobial properties of these materials, the addition of nanomaterials represents a viable approach. The present paper aims to review the literature on the application of different types of nanomaterials for the enhancement of GICs' mechanical and antimicrobial properties, which could lead to several clinical benefits, including better physical properties and the prevention of tooth decay. After applying the described methodology, representative articles published in the time period 2011-present were selected and included in the final review, covering the modification of GICs with metallic nanoparticles (Cu, Ag), metallic and metalloid oxide nanoparticles (TiO2, ZnO, MgO, Al2O3, ZrO2, SiO2), apatitic nanomaterials, and other nanomaterials or multi-component nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Claudiu Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060042 Bucharest, Romania
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Ashour AA, Basha S, Felemban NH, Enan ET, Alyamani AA, Gad El-Rab SMF. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Glass Ionomer Cement in Incorporation with Biogenic Zingiber officinale Capped Silver-Nanobiotic, Chlorhexidine Diacetate and Lyophilized Miswak. Molecules 2022; 27:528. [PMID: 35056835 PMCID: PMC8781574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, Zingiber officinale is used for the synthesis of Zingiber officinale capped silver nanoparticles (ZOE-AgNPs) and compares the antimicrobial efficacy and compressive strength of conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) combined with ZOE-AgNPs, lyophilized miswak, and chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX) against oral microbes. Five groups of the disc-shaped GIC specimens were prepared. Group A: lyophilized miswak and GIC combination, Group B: ZOE-AgNPs and GIC combinations, Group C: CHX and GIC combination, Group D: ZOE-AgNPs + CHX + GIC; Group E: Conventional GIC. Results confirmed the successful formation of ZOE-AgNPs that was monitored by UV-Vis sharp absorption spectra at 415 nm. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) results revealed the formation of ZOE-AgNPs with a mean size 10.5-14.12 nm. The peaks of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were appearing the involvement of ZOE components onto the surface of ZOE-AgNPs which played as bioreducing, and stabilizing agents. At a 24-h, one-week and three-week intervals, Group D showed the significantly highest mean inhibitory zones compared to Group A, Group B, and Group C. At microbe-level comparison, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus were inhibited significantly by all the specimens tested except group E when compared to Candida albicans. Group D specimens showed slightly higher (45.8 ± 5.4) mean compressive strength in comparison with other groups. The combination of GIC with ZOE-AgNPs and chlorhexidine together enhanced its antimicrobial efficacy and compressive strength compared to GIC with ZOE-AgNPs or lyophilized miswak or chlorhexidine combination alone. The present study revealed that The combination of GIC with active components of ZOE-AgNPs and chlorhexidine paves the way to lead its effective nano-dental materials applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Oral Pathology Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sakeenabi Basha
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nayef H. Felemban
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Enas T. Enan
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt;
| | - Amal Ahmed Alyamani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sanaa M. F. Gad El-Rab
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
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Amin F, Rahman S, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS, Sefat F, Kumar N. Effect of Nanostructures on the Properties of Glass Ionomer Dental Restoratives/Cements: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6260. [PMID: 34771787 PMCID: PMC8584882 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Overall perspective of nanotechnology and reinforcement of dental biomaterials by nanoparticles has been reported in the literature. However, the literature regarding the reinforcement of dental biomaterials after incorporating various nanostructures is sparse. The present review addresses current developments of glass ionomer cements (GICs) after incorporating various metallic, polymeric, inorganic and carbon-based nanostructures. In addition, types, applications, and implications of various nanostructures incorporated in GICs are discussed. Most of the attempts by researchers are based on the laboratory-based studies; hence, it warrants long-term clinical trials to aid the development of suitable materials for the load bearing posterior dentition. Nevertheless, a few meaningful conclusions are drawn from this substantial piece of work; they are as follows: (1) most of the nanostructures are likely to enhance the mechanical strength of GICs; (2) certain nanostructures improve the antibacterial activity of GICs against the cariogenic bacteria; (3) clinical translation of these promising outcomes are completely missing, and (4) the nanostructured modified GICs could perform better than their conventional counterparts in the load bearing posterior dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Amin
- Science of Dental Materials Department, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan;
| | - Sehrish Rahman
- Science of Dental Materials Department, Dr. Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan; (S.R.); (N.K.)
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Farshid Sefat
- Department of Biomedical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK;
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Science of Dental Materials Department, Dr. Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan; (S.R.); (N.K.)
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Fernandez CC, Sokolonski AR, Fonseca MS, Stanisic D, Araújo DB, Azevedo V, Portela RD, Tasic L. Applications of Silver Nanoparticles in Dentistry: Advances and Technological Innovation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2485. [PMID: 33801230 PMCID: PMC7957900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been successfully applied in several areas due to their significant antimicrobial activity against several microorganisms. In dentistry, AgNP can be applied in disinfection, prophylaxis, and prevention of infections in the oral cavity. In this work, the use of silver nanoparticles in dentistry and associated technological innovations was analyzed. The scientific literature was searched using PubMed and Scopus databases with descriptors related to the use of silver nanoparticles in dentistry, resulting in 90 open-access articles. The search for patents was restricted to the A61K code (International Patent Classification), using the same descriptors, resulting in 206 patents. The results found were ordered by dental specialties and demonstrated the incorporation of AgNPs in different areas of dentistry. In this context, the search for patents reaffirmed the growth of this technology and the dominance of the USA pharmaceutical industry over AgNPs product development. It could be concluded that nanotechnology is a promising area in dentistry with several applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Couto Fernandez
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (C.C.F.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Ana Rita Sokolonski
- Laboratory of Oral Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (A.R.S.); (D.B.A.)
| | - Maísa Santos Fonseca
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (C.C.F.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Danijela Stanisic
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil; (D.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Danilo Barral Araújo
- Laboratory of Oral Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (A.R.S.); (D.B.A.)
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo Dias Portela
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (C.C.F.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil; (D.S.); (L.T.)
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Aguilar-Perez D, Vargas-Coronado R, Cervantes-Uc JM, Rodriguez-Fuentes N, Aparicio C, Covarrubias C, Alvarez-Perez M, Garcia-Perez V, Martinez-Hernandez M, Cauich-Rodriguez JV. Antibacterial activity of a glass ionomer cement doped with copper nanoparticles. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:389-396. [PMID: 32213765 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (NCu) were synthetized and added to commercial glass ionomer cement, to evaluate in vitro its antibacterial activity against oral cavity strains. The NCu were synthesized by copper acetate reduction with L-ascorbic acid and characterized by FTIR, Raman, XPS, XRD and TEM. Then, commercial glass ionomer cement (GIC) was modified (MGIC) with various concentrations of NCu and physicochemically characterized. Cell viability was tested against human dental pulp fibroblasts (HDPFs) by Alamar-Blue assay and antibacterial test was performed against S. mutans and S. sanguinis by colony forming unit (CFU) growth method. Synthesized NCu rendered a mixture of both metallic copper and cuprous oxide (Cu2O). HDPF viability reduces with exposure time to the extracts (68-72% viability) and MGIC with 2-4 wt% NCu showed antimicrobial activity against the two tested strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Conrado Aparicio
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry
| | - Cristian Covarrubias
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile
| | - Marco Alvarez-Perez
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies and Research of the Faculty of Dentistry
| | - Victor Garcia-Perez
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Division of Graduate Studies and Research of the Faculty of Dentistry
| | - Miryam Martinez-Hernandez
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Division of Graduate Studies and Research of the Faculty of Dentistry
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In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Self-Adhesive Dual-Cured Resin Cement Polymerized Beneath Three Different Cusp Inclinations of Zirconia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7404038. [PMID: 31240222 PMCID: PMC6556254 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7404038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of self-adhesive dual-cured resin cement (SADRC) polymerized beneath three different cusp inclinations of zirconia with different light curing time. A commercial SADRC (Multilink Speed) was polymerized beneath zirconia (ZrO2) with three different cusp inclinations (0°, 20°, and 30°) for 20 s or 40 s. After being stored in light-proof box for 24 h, the ZrO2-SADRC specimens were immersed in DMEM for 72 h and then we got the extract solution, cultured the human gingival fibroblasts (HGF, 8 × 103 per well) with 100% or 50% concentrations of the extract solution for 24 h, 72 h, and 120 h, respectively, and evaluated cytotoxicity of the polymerized SADRC with CCK-8 assay in optical density (OD) values, relative growth rates (RGR), and cytotoxicity grades. Statistical analysis was conducted using a two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Student–Newman–Keuls test. The OD values varied from 0.8930 to 3.2920, the RGR varied from 33.93% to 98.68%, and the cytotoxicity grades varied from 0 to 2. There was significant difference in the OD values among the different cusp inclinations of zirconia (P < 0.001), and there was significant difference in the OD values between the different light curing times in some situations (P < 0.05). The cusp inclination of zirconia affects the in vitro cytotoxicity of SADRC. Prolonging the light curing time from 20 s to 40 s can reduce the in vitro cytotoxicity of SADRC when the cusp inclination of zirconia is smaller than 20°.
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Jowkar Z, Jowkar M, Shafiei F. Mechanical and dentin bond strength properties of the nanosilver enriched glass ionomer cement. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 11:e275-e281. [PMID: 31001399 PMCID: PMC6461736 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties and dentin microshear bond strength of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) compared to GIC supplemented with silver nanoparticles (SNPs) at 0.1% and 0.2% (w/w). Material and Methods SNPs were incorporated into a conventional GIC at 0.1% and 0.2% (w/w). The unmodified GIC was used as the control group. Compressive strength, flexural strength, and micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) to dentin were evaluated using a universal testing machine. Surface microhardness was determined using a Vickers microhardness tester. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test. Results GICs containing 0.1% and 0.2% (w/w) SNPs significantly improved compressive strength, surface microhardness, and dentin µSBS compared to the unmodified GIC (p<0.05). A significant increase in the flexural strength was found for the GIC containing 0.2% (w/w) SNPs (p<0.05). However, the GIC containing 0.1% (w/w) SNPs did not affect flexural strength. Conclusions GIC supplemented with SNP is a promising material for restoration because of its improved mechanical and bond strength properties. Therefore, it may be suggested for use especially in higher stress-bearing site restorations. Key words:Glass ionomer cement, mechanical properties, micro-shear bond strength, silver nanoparticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jowkar
- Assistant professor, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jowkar
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Shafiei
- Professor, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz,Iran
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11
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Nirwana I, Rianti D, Soekartono RH, Listyorini RD, Basuki DP. Antibacterial activity of fig leaf ( Ficus carica Linn.) extract against Enterococcus faecalis and its cytotoxicity effects on fibroblast cells. Vet World 2018; 11:342-347. [PMID: 29657427 PMCID: PMC5891850 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.342-347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Enterococcus faecalis is one of the bacteria that commonly found in root canal and pulp infection after root canal treatment. Sodium hypochlorite is the most widely used root canal irrigation, but it has toxic properties if exposed to periradicular tissues. It is necessary to develop an alternative for root canal irrigation. Fig leaf (Ficus carica Linn.) extract contains active substances such as flavonoid, tannin, and terpenoid which have been known for their antibacterial potency. Aim: This study aimed to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of fig leaf (F. carica Linn.) extract against E. faecalis and its cytotoxicity on fibroblast cells in vitro. Materials and Methods: A serial dilution method was used to determine the MBC of fig leaf extract on E. faecalis which grown on nutrient agar media. Inoculation was carried out at concentrations that suspected minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), MBC, concentration between MIC and MBC, and control groups on different nutrient agar. MIC and MBC of fig leaf extract against E. faecalis were known by counting the growth of bacteria colonies on nutrient agar media in CFU/ml. The cytotoxicity of MIC and MBC of the extract acquired were tested using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and the results were read using an ELISA reader. Data of E. faecalis colonies were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney test. Results: The result showed a significant difference among the groups (p<0.05). fig leaf extract at a concentration of 50% showed no bacterial growth, and cell viability at this concentration was 77.7%. Conclusion: Fig leaf extract has antibacterial effect on E. faecalis with MBC at 50% and not cytotoxic to fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intan Nirwana
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Devi Rianti
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - R Helal Soekartono
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rr Dwi Listyorini
- Undergraduate Student of Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Desi Putri Basuki
- Undergraduate Student of Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Hernandez-Delgadillo R, Del Angel-Mosqueda C, Solís-Soto JM, Munguia-Moreno S, Pineda-Aguilar N, Sánchez-Nájera RI, Chellam S, Cabral-Romero C. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of MTA supplemented with bismuth lipophilic nanoparticles. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:503-510. [PMID: 28420830 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to determine the antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) supplemented with bismuth lipophilic nanoparticles (BisBAL NPs). The antimicrobial activity of the composite MTA-BisBAL NPs was determined by the disk diffusion assay, while antibiofilm activity was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. The cytotoxicity of MTA-BisBAL NPs was determined on human gingival fibroblasts by optical microscopy and crystal violet staining. MTA-BisBAL NPs inhibited the growth of Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans and also detached the biofilm of fluorescent E. faecalis after 24 h of treatment. The addition of BisBAL nanoparticles did not significantly modify the physical properties of MTA, and cytotoxicity was not observed when MTA-BisBAL NPs was added on human gingival fibroblasts. Altogether these results suggest that BisBAL nanoparticles provide antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities to MTA while it retained their biophysical properties without cause side effects on human gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Silvia Munguia-Moreno
- Odontological Sciences, School of Stomatology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi
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Novel Nanotechnology of TiO 2 Improves Physical-Chemical and Biological Properties of Glass Ionomer Cement. Int J Biomater 2017; 2017:7123919. [PMID: 28611845 PMCID: PMC5458382 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7123919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the performance of glass ionomer cement (GIC) added with TiO2 nanotubes. TiO2 nanotubes [3%, 5%, and 7% (w/w)] were incorporated into GIC's (Ketac Molar EasyMix™) powder component, whereas unblended powder was used as control. Physical-chemical-biological analysis included energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), surface roughness (SR), Knoop hardness (SH), fluoride-releasing analysis, cytotoxicity, cell morphology, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. Parametric or nonparametric ANOVA were used for statistical comparisons (α ≤ 0.05). Data analysis revealed that EDS only detected Ti at the 5% and 7% groups and that GIC's physical-chemical properties were significantly improved by the addition of 5% TiO2 as compared to 3% and GIC alone. Furthermore, regardless of TiO2 concentration, no significant effect was found on SR, whereas GIC-containing 7% TiO2 presented decreased SH values. Fluoride release lasted longer for the 5% and 7% TiO2 groups, and cell morphology/spreading and ECM composition were found to be positively affected by TiO2 at 5%. In conclusion, in the current study, nanotechnology incorporated in GIC affected ECM composition and was important for the superior microhardness and fluoride release, suggesting its potential for higher stress-bearing site restorations.
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Catunda RQ, Vieira JRC, de Oliveira EB, da Silva EC, Brasil VLM, Perez DEDC. Citotoxicity evaluation of three dental adhesives on vero cells in vitro. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e61-e66. [PMID: 28149465 PMCID: PMC5268097 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate, in vitro, the potential cytotoxicity of three different dental adhesives systems (Adper Single Bond 2 -SB, Silorane System Adhesive Bond -SSAB and Single Bond Universal -SBU) on cultivated Vero cells after different contact times. MATERIAL AND METHODS The cells were cultured in a concentration of 2 x 105 cells/mL for 24h and grown to sub-confluent monolayers. VERO cells were exposed to 25µl of conditioned extracts obtained from 24h, 48h and 72h immersion of adhesive samples in culture medium (DMEM), immediately after polymerization. Fresh DMEM was used as negative control. Cell metabolism was evaluated by the MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide). The data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA, considering a significance of 5%. RESULTS The values of cell viability ranged from 94.2% at 72h (SBU) to 109.6% at 48h (SB). The mean percentage of viability after exposure to the extracts of SB, SSAB and SBU were 103.2%, 100.63% and 97.43%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p= 0.342) between the experimental and negative control groups. CONCLUSIONS At all exposure times, all adhesives tested in this study presented no cytotoxicity to Vero cells in vitro. Key words:Biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, dental adhesives, Vero cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa-Queiroz Catunda
- MSc student, Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Erwelly-Barros de Oliveira
- Professor, Department of Histology and Embryology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Eliete-Cavalcanti da Silva
- Undergraduate, Department of Histology and Embryology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Veruska-Lima-Moura Brasil
- PhD student, Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Danyel-Elias-da Cruz Perez
- Professor, Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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