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Jisha B, Sathyanadhan S, Sundareswaran S, Parayaruthottam P, Shibin M. Validity and reliability of the orthodontic experience questionnaire in Malayalam, an Indian language. J Orthod Sci 2023; 12:48. [PMID: 37881662 PMCID: PMC10597366 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_5_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To translate the orthodontic experience questionnaire into Malayalam, an Indian language, and assess its validity and reliability in the Kerala population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The original questionnaire, which was developed in English, was translated into Malayalam. Face validity was assessed, and minor changes were made, followed by a content validity assessment by an expert panel. The final version was given to 324 patients who marked their responses on a Likert scale. Internal consistency reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliability was tested using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Principal component factor analysis was performed to regroup the valid items. RESULTS The principal component factor analysis revealed three domains. Reliability assessed by Cronbach's alpha of the whole questionnaire was 0.799, and that of the three domains was 0.73, 0.71, and 0.71, respectively. The test-retest reliability was found to be good (0.798). CONCLUSION The Malayalam version of the orthodontic experience questionnaire was found to be content valid with good reliability. To obtain a successful treatment result, an orthodontist must be aware of these and this questionnaire, with adequate validity and reliability, has been designed to achieve this in the Malayalam-speaking population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baby Jisha
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | | | - Shobha Sundareswaran
- Department of Orthodontics, KMCT Dental College, Mukkam, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | | | - Muhammed Shibin
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
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Faraj M, Shobha S, Latheef V, Nivedita P. Does Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) reflect the impact of malocclusion on facial aesthetics? Dental Press J Orthod 2023; 28:e232211. [PMID: 37646738 PMCID: PMC10452381 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e232211.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malocclusion is presumed to have adverse effects on dental and facial attractiveness, leading to deleterious psychosocial impact and Quality of life(QoL) of the individual. The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ) has proved to be effective for assessment of psychosocial impact of malocclusion on dental aesthetics, but it's effectiveness for assessing facial aesthetics is unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of PIDAQ on its ability to reflect the psychosocial impact of malocclusion on facial attractiveness, using the Facial Aesthetic index (FAI) after its translation and validation in the regional language. METHODS The 23-item PIDAQ, after translation process, cross-cultural adaptation and pilot testing, was administered to 330 subjects (62.5 % females and 37.5 % males; age range 18-30 years) with varying degrees of severity of malocclusion, assessed by the two components of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (Dental Health Component, IOTN-DHC, for normative need; and self-administered Aesthetic Component, IOTN-AC, for subjective need) and FAI. RESULTS The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.859 - 0.958; Intraclass correlation coefficient =0.984). FAI, IOTN-DHC and IOTN-AC scores showed highly significant correlation with PIDAQ scores, depicting strong convergent validity (p< 0.001). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post-hoc test showed highly significant correlations (p-value < 0.001) for all comparisons. There were no significant differences between responses of males and females. The regional version of PIDAQ had excellent reliability. CONCLUSIONS PIDAQ showed good psychometric properties and was able to effectively reflect the psychosocial impact of malocclusion on altered facial aesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Faraj
- Government Dental College, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics (Calicut, Kerala, India)
| | - Sundareswaran Shobha
- Government Dental College, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics (Calicut, Kerala, India)
| | - Vadakkeypeediakkal Latheef
- Government Dental College, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics (Calicut, Kerala, India)
| | - Prakash Nivedita
- Government Dental College, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics (Calicut, Kerala, India)
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Fidalgo J, Botelho J, Proença L, Mendes JJ, Machado V, Delgado AS. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9931. [PMID: 36011570 PMCID: PMC9408633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the psychosocial impact of dental esthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) to the Portuguese language. The PIDAQ was culturally translated and adapted according to international guidelines. In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 501 subjects in a population-based epidemiological survey conducted at the Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (Almada, Portugal) in June 2022. The participants answered the Portuguese version of the PIDAQ (PIDAQ-PT), which was a 23-item scale with four conceptual domains (self-confidence, social impact, psychological impact and esthetic concern factor). Psychometric properties were estimated using content validity, construct validity, internal consistency and test−retest reliability. The PIDAQ-PT presented an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.84, and a 95% confidence interval (0.73−0.90, p < 0.001), with values for the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the subconstructs ranging from 0.93 to 0.98. In the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the final models presented a good fit, with the comparative fit indices (CFIs) ranging from 0.905 to 0.921 and the root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) ranging between 0.088 and 0.090. The PIDAQ-PT was shown to be a valid and reliable tool to assess oral health values in a Portuguese population. Further studies should evaluate the psychometric properties of the oral personal representation on dental specialties and its impact on dental appointments and procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Fidalgo
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Luís Proença
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Ana Sintra Delgado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Orthodontic Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
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Carbajal C, Rodríguez T, Proaño Falconí D. The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and experiencing discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital among outpatients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272553. [PMID: 35944053 PMCID: PMC9362938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the association between outpatient’s perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and experiencing discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital. Material and methods Cross-sectional study in a Peruvian public hospital, where 207 outpatients (18–30 years old) were surveyed. We asked participants about self-reported experiences of discrimination in the last six months at a Peruvian public hospital using a question from the Peruvian National Household Survey on Living Conditions and Poverty (ENAHO) 2017. We also measured the perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics with the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Additionally, we evaluated age, sex, ethnicity, education, income, and reason for being discriminated against. Association was assessed with Poisson regression using a robust estimator of variance and reporting prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals in crude and adjusted models. Results About two out of every five participants having experienced discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital in the last six months. On our adjusted estimates, we found discrimination to be positively associated with two components of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, which were social impact (PR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04) and the psychological impact (PR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04–1.10). Conversely, dental self-confidence (PR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.98) was negatively associated with discrimination. Conclusions The perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is associated with experiencing discrimination among outpatients from a Peruvian public hospital. We advocate for structural changes to address discrimination in healthcare spaces by corresponding governmental authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carbajal
- Carrera de Odontología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
| | - Talib Rodríguez
- Carrera de Odontología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
| | - Diego Proaño Falconí
- Carrera de Odontología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
- * E-mail:
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Minimal Important Difference of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire Following Orthodontic Treatment: A Cohort Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9040506. [PMID: 35455550 PMCID: PMC9033080 DOI: 10.3390/children9040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
(1) This study aimed to do a longitudinal validation of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) and determine its minimal important difference (MID) following orthodontic treatment; (2) 42 adolescents (11 to 18 years old) were recruited for treatment with fixed appliances and the participants answered the Malaysian PIDAQ prior to treatment (T0), mid-treatment (T1), and post-treatment (T2), plus a global health transition scale at T1 and T2. Data analyses included repeated measures ANOVA and paired sample t-tests. Test–retest was administered 2 to 6 weeks from T0; (3) The final sample comprised 37 subjects (response rate = 88.1%). The 95% limits of agreement were −10.3 to 8.5 points. In the anchor-based approach, those who experienced the smallest changes by reporting their dental aesthetics as “a little improved” had an insignificant PIDAQ score change of −5.3 at T1. At T2, the PIDAQ scores of those in this category were reduced significantly (mean change = −26.2; effect size (ES) = 1.0; p = 0.34). In the distribution-based approach, standardized PIDAQ scores were significantly reduced, with medium (0.7) to large (1.5) ES at T1 and T2, respectively; (4) The PIDAQ can detect orthodontic-related changes in patients’ psychosocial well-being. The post-treatment MID is 26 scale points with large ES.
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Short Versions of the Arabic Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire for Yemeni Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Derivation and Validation. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9030341. [PMID: 35327712 PMCID: PMC8947303 DOI: 10.3390/children9030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To shorten the 24-item Arabic Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ(A)) for adolescents in Yemen. Material and methods: Two shortening methods derived six-item and nine-item versions: the item impact method selected items with the highest impact scores as rated by 30 participants in each subscale; and the regression method was applied using data of 385 participants from the PIDAQ(A) validity study, with the total PIDAQ(A) score as the dependent variable, and its individual items as the independent variables. The four derived versions were assessed for validity and reliability. Results: The means of the six-item and nine-item short versions of both methods were close. Cronbach’s alpha values extended from 0.90 to 0.92 (intra-class correlations = 0.85−0.88). In criterion validity, strong significant correlations were detected between scores of all short versions and the 24-item PIDAQ(A) score (0.96−0.98; p < 0.001). Construct validity displayed significant associations among all short versions and self-perceived dental appearance rank and self-perceived need for orthodontic braces rank (p < 0.05). Mean scores of all short versions were significantly different between adolescents with severe malocclusion and those with slight malocclusion in discriminant validity tests. In conclusion, all PIDAQ(A) short versions are valid and reliable.
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Wahab A, Ju X, Jamieson L, Dreyer C. Validation of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire in the Australian population. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 161:416-422.e1. [PMID: 34774399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is an instrument to assess the subjective perception need for orthodontic treatment. The study aimed to determine the psychometric validity and reliability of PIDAQ in Australian adults. METHODS Data were collected from the National Dental Telephone Interview Survey in 2013. The PIDAQ was used, comprising 4 conceptual domains: self-confidence, social impact, psychological impact, and esthetic concern. Psychometric sensitivity was estimated for each item. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine factorial validity in which the ratio of chi-square by degrees of freedom, comparative fit, and root mean square error of approximation were used as indexes of the goodness of fit. Convergent validity was estimated from the average variance extracted and composite reliability, whereas internal consistency was estimated by Cronbach standardized alpha. RESULTS The dataset comprised 2936 Australian adults aged ≥18 years and separated randomly into 2 subdata sets. The kurtosis and skewness values indicate an approximation to a normal distribution for each item, with acceptable thresholds for the goodness of fit and convergent validity (average variance extracted ≥0.50 and composite reliability ≥0.70), and discriminant validity was also demonstrated. Internal consistency was adequate in the 4 conceptual domains for PIDAQ for both subdata sets, with Cronbach standardized alpha being ≥0.70. CONCLUSIONS The psychometric sensitivity, validity, and reliability of the PIDAQ instrument in a sample of the Australian adult population were found to be adequate. Both subdata sets drawn from the sample demonstrated acceptable goodness of fit and internal consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Wahab
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xiangqun Ju
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Lisa Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Craig Dreyer
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Need for Orthodontic Treatment in Pupils Aged between 12 and 15 in the Valencian Region (Spain). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910162. [PMID: 34639464 PMCID: PMC8508388 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization recommends carrying out periodic epidemiological studies in order to provide a basis for the evaluation of the state of health of the population at any given time; in doing so, action strategies can be established for the treatment of different pathologies. The objective of this study is to evaluate the need for orthodontic treatment in adolescents at school aged between 12 and 15 in the Spanish autonomous region known as Comunidad Valenciana (hereafter: Valencian Region). A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 539 12-year-old schoolchildren and 460 15-year-olds, respectively, selected by cluster sampling and representative of the school-aged population of the Valencian Region, using the IOTN-DHC, IOTN-AC, and DAI indices. The need for specific orthodontic treatment according to the IOTN-DHC was 12.6% at 12 years and 7% at 15. For the IOTN-AC and DAI indices, the treatment needs were 4.3% and 0.9% at 12 years and 30.1% and 20.9% at the age of 15. These results were similar to those obtained in the previous study carried out on the same target population. There was no significant association between the need for treatment and gender or social class. We conclude that the need for orthodontic treatment presents values similar to those obtained in 2010.
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Campos LA, Kämäräinen M, Silvola AS, Marôco J, Peltomäki T, Campos JADB. Orofacial Esthetic Scale and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire: development and psychometric properties of the Finnish version. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:335-343. [PMID: 33370538 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1857435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop the Finnish version of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES-Fi) and the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ-Fi) and estimate the psychometric properties of these instruments applied to adult Finns. METHODS The English versions of the instruments were translated into Finnish and back-translated. Thereafter, OES-Fi and PIDAQ-Fi were established in a pilot study. The factorial validity was estimated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFI, TLI, SRMR) in independent samples (Test and Validation samples). The measurement invariance of the factorial models was tested using multigroup analysis (ΔCFI). Convergent validity [Average Variance Extracted (AVE)] and reliability [Composite Reliability (CR) and α] were estimated. RESULTS A total of 3636 individuals [mean age = 32.0 (SD = 11.6) years, 75% women] participated in the study. After refinements, the factorial model of the instruments showed an adequate fit to the data (CFI ≥0.94, TLI ≥0.90, SRMR ≤0.07) and showed measurement invariance in two independent samples (|ΔCFI| <0.01). Convergent validity (AVE = 0.54-0.82) and reliability (α = 0.86-0.94) were adequate. CONCLUSION The data obtained using OES-Fi and PIDAQ-Fi were valid and reliable. Thus, these instruments could be useful for evaluating individual satisfaction with orofacial appearance and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in a clinical or research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Arrais Campos
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Minna Kämäräinen
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna-Sofia Silvola
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - João Marôco
- William James Center for Research (WJCR), University Institute of Psychological, Social, and Life Sciences (ISPA), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Timo Peltomäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Ear and Oral Diseases, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Validity and Reliability of the Arabic Version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire for Yemeni Adolescents. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060448. [PMID: 34070552 PMCID: PMC8229478 DOI: 10.3390/children8060448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Objectives: This paper aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) into an Arabic language version (PIDAQ(A)) for measuring the oral health related quality of life related to dental aesthetics among 12-17-year-old Yemeni adolescents. (2) Material and methods: The study comprised three parts, which were linguistic validation and qualitative interview, comprehensibility assessment, and psychometric validations. Psychometric properties were examined for validity (exploratory factor analysis (EFA), partial confirmatory factor analysis (PCFA), construct, criterion, and discriminant validity) and reliability (internal consistency and reproducibility). (3) Results: The PIDAQ(A) contained a new item. EFA extracted three factors (item factor loading 0.375 to 0.918) comprising dental self-confidence, aesthetic concern, and psychosocial impact subscales. PCFA showed good fit statistics (comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.928, root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.071). In addition, invariance across age groups was tested. Cronbach's α values ranged from 0.90 to 0.93 (intraclass correlations = 0.89-0.96). A criterion validity test showed that the PIDAQ(A) had a significant association with oral impacts on daily performance scores. A construct validity test showed significant associations between PIDAQ(A) subscales and self-perceived dental appearance and self-perceived need for orthodontic braces (p < 0.05). Discriminant validity presented significant differences in the mean PIDAQ(A) scores between subjects having severe malocclusion and those with slight malocclusion. No floor or ceiling effects were detected.
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Göranson E, Norevall LI, Bågesund M, Dimberg L. Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) for adolescents. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:241-247. [PMID: 33026890 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1823014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is an instrument developed for assessment of orthodontic aspects of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aimed to translate and validate the Swedish version of PIDAQ for use in Swedish adolescents 12-19 years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS The translation was made according to the process described in 'Guidelines for Establishing Cultural Equivalency of Instruments' by Ohrbach et al. Field testing was performed in a group of consecutive patients who were about to start orthodontic treatment (untreated group) and a group of consecutive patients who had recently finished orthodontic treatment (treated group). RESULTS During the translation procedure, a Swedish version of PIDAQ was formed. In the field testing, a total of 144 questionnaires, 72 from untreated patients (mean age 14.6 years) and 72 from treated patients (mean age 17.3 years) were collected. The exploratory factor analysis detected two factors, which differs from the factor structure in the original questionnaire. The mean total PIDAQ score was significantly higher (p < .001) in the untreated group, 40.6 (20.3), than in the treated group, 9.4 (10.5), implying a high discriminant validity. Reliability was excellent, with internal consistency Cronbach's alpha values varying from 0.94 to 0.97. CONCLUSION The Swedish version of PIDAQ demonstrates good validity and excellent reliability and is suitable for future research on the effect of malocclusion on OHRQoL in Swedish 12- to 19-year-olds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Göranson
- Center for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Norrköping, Public Dental Service Östergötland, Östergötland, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Orthodontics, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lars-Inge Norevall
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Linköping, Public Dental Service Östergötland, Östergötland, Sweden
| | - Mats Bågesund
- Center for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Norrköping, Public Dental Service Östergötland, Östergötland, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Dimberg
- Department of Orthodontics, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Orthodontics, Folktandvården Stockholms län AB, Folktandvården Eastmaninstitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Monisha J, Peter E, Ani GS. Is Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) Valid for the Indian Population?-A Psychometric Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:207-215. [PMID: 34036084 PMCID: PMC8118045 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_443_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: A culturally adapted and validated Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) inventory helps to reliably compare patient perceptions among different populations. The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) evaluates the impact of dental aesthetics on OHRQoL. This study aimed to develop a regional version of PIDAQ (PIDAQMal) for the Indian population and to assess differences in perceptions due to malocclusion in different population groups. Materials and Methods: PIDAQMal was derived through the translation process and pilot-tested to assess test–retest reliability. Psychometric properties were tested on 285 subjects (31.2% males, 68.8% females; age range 18–25 years). Normative treatment need was assessed using Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN)-Dental Health Component and subjective assessment using IOTN-Aesthetic Component (AC) and Perception of Occlusion Scale (POS). PIDAQMal mean domain scores were compared with those of the previously validated versions to assess difference in perceptions. Results: Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were good (Cronbach’s α = 0.83–0.88; Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.74–0.91). IOTN-AC and POS scores showed significant correlation with PIDAQMal scores ensuring convergent validity (P < 0.001). Discriminant validity was confirmed by statistically significant differences (P < 0.001) in PIDAQMal scores between subjects with no treatment need and moderate/definite need. Factor analysis derived four domains with one item showing cross-loading. Difference in mean domain scores among the previously validated versions of PIDAQ confirmed socio-cultural differences in perceptions due to malocclusion. Conclusion: PIDAQMal was found to be reliable and valid for the Indian subjects and can be used as a condition-specific OHRQoL measure. Socio-cultural differences in perceptions were brought to light using the translated scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Monisha
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Elbe Peter
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - G Suja Ani
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
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Alharbi RA, Eshky RT, Marae SO, Hifnawy T, Alsulaimani M. Translation and validation of the Arabic version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). J Orthod Sci 2020; 9:19. [PMID: 33354545 PMCID: PMC7749453 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_34_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To develop and test the validity and reliability of an Arabic version of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The original English version was translated into Arabic, back-translated, pre-tested, and cross-culturally adapted before being administered to 205 individuals aged between 18–30 years from Medina, Saudi Arabia. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to test internal consistency, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess test–retest reliability. Construct validity was assessed using factor analysis, and convergent validity was tested by comparing PIDAQ scores to the aesthetic components of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC), while discriminant validity was assessed by comparing PIDAQ scores to participants' self-evaluation of orthodontic treatment need. Gender and age differences in the PIDAQ score were assessed. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.940, corrected item-total correlation coefficients were between 0.509 and 0.719, and the ICC was 0.937. Principal component factor analysis extracted three domains, and factor loading ranged from 0.563 to 0.843. Total PIDAQ score and subscale scores had significant correlations with the DAI and IOTN-AC. The questionnaire discriminated well between participants who had a perceived need for orthodontic treatment and those with no perceived need. There were no significant age or gender differences in participants' PIDAQ scores. CONCLUSIONS: The Arabic version of the PIDAQ had excellent psychometric properties with sufficient reliability and validity to be used for the assessment of the orthodontic-related quality of life in young Arab adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rawah Talal Eshky
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tamer Hifnawy
- Department of Medical Education, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alsulaimani
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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Estay J, Angel P, Bersezio C, Tonetto M, Jorquera G, Peña M, Fernández E. The change of teeth color, whiteness variations and its psychosocial and self-perception effects when using low vs. high concentration bleaching gels: a one-year follow-up. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:255. [PMID: 32917192 PMCID: PMC7488418 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental bleaching in traditional concentrations generates greater sensitivity. In this respect, new systems of lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide for tooth bleaching appeared, with color stability unknown over time. The aim of this study was to compare the change and stability of color with low-concentration (6%) hydrogen peroxide gel in an in-office bleaching setting relative to conventional 37.5% gel, including their effects on psychosocial and esthetic self-perception, after 1 year. Methods Patients (n = 25) were assessed at 12 months post bleaching treatment (whitening with 6% chemo-activated alkaline formula gel versus 37.5% traditional concentration gel). Color changes were measured objectively using total variation in color (ΔE), and subjectively using Vita Classical and Vita Bleached scale (ΔSGU) by calibrated evaluators (Kappa = 0.85). The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) aesthetic questionnaires were used to measure the self-perception and the psychosocial impact of the bleaching protocols. Results The effect (ΔE) of 37.5% HP (8.37 ± 2.73) was significantly better than that of 6% HP (5.27 ± 2.53) in terms of color rebound after 1 year of follow-up. There were significant differences in psychosocial impact and esthetic self-perception measurements prior to bleaching versus one-year post-whitening time points; positive effects were maintained. Conclusions Low concentration (6%) achieved effective bleaching with good stability after 1 year, accompanied by a positive psychosocial impact and enhanced self-perception at follow-up. Trial registration NCT03217994 (before enrollment of the first participant). Data register: July 14, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Estay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Angel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Bersezio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Tonetto
- Postgraduate Program in Integrated Dental Sciences, University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - G Jorquera
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Peña
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Fernández
- Department of Restorative Dentistry - Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile. .,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas - Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
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Iranzo-Cortés JE, Montiel-Company JM, Bellot-Arcis C, Almerich-Torres T, Acevedo-Atala C, Ortolá-Siscar JC, Almerich-Silla JM. Factors related to the psychological impact of malocclusion in adolescents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13471. [PMID: 32778676 PMCID: PMC7417545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the association between orthodontic treatment need and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in a sample of adolescents, as well as other associated factors. A transversal study was conducted on 1,158 adolescents (12–16 years old) examined at the schools selected for the 2018 epidemiological study on oral health in the Comunidad Valenciana (Spain). The need for orthodontic treatment was determined by DAI and IOTN. The psychosocial impact was established by the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Other variables considered were sex, social class, DMFT index and Body-Mass Index, and having previously worn or presently wearing an orthodontic device. A lineal regression statistical technique was applied to study the significant associations with the scoring obtained in PIDAQ. The PIDAQ scores revealed a significant and positive lineal relationship with regard to need for orthodontic treatment: DAI (ẞ = 0.20) and IOTN-DHC (ẞ = 4.87), in women (ẞ = 2.66) and a negative one for having previously worn an orthodontic device (ẞ = − 5.74). The rest of the variables had no statistical significance (p > 0.05). The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in adolescents is associated with the presence of malocclusion and the female sex, while the condition of having previously worn an orthodontic device reduces the psychosocial impact.
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Romsics L, Segatto A, Boa K, Becsei R, Rózsa N, Szántó I, Nemes J, Segatto E. Dentofacial mini- and microesthetics as perceived by dental students: A cross-sectional multi-site study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230182. [PMID: 32163487 PMCID: PMC7067484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background How dental education influences students’ dental and dentofacial esthetic perception has been studied for some time, given the importance of esthetics in dentistry. However, no study before has studied this question in a large sample of students from all grades of dental school. This study sought to fill that gap. The aim was to assess if students’ dentofacial esthetic autoperception and heteroperception are associated with their actual stage of studies (grade) and if autoperception has any effect on heteroperception. Methods Between October 2018 and August 2019, a questionnaire was distributed to 919 dental students of all 5 grades of dental school at all four dental schools in Hungary. The questionnaire consisted of the following parts (see also the supplementary material): 1. Demographic data (3 items), Self-Esthetics I (11 multiple- choice items regarding the respondents’ perception of their own dentofacial esthetics), Self-Esthetics II (6 Likert-type items regarding the respondents’ perception of their own dentofacial esthetics), and Image rating (10 items, 5 images each, of which the respondents have to choose the one they find the most attractive). Both the self-esthetics and the photo rating items were aimed at the assessment of mini- and microesthetic features. Results The response rate was 93.7% (861 students). The self-perception of the respondents was highly favorable, regardless of grade or gender. Grade and heteroperception were significantly associated regarding maxillary midline shift (p < 0.01) and the relative visibility of the arches behind the lips (p < 0.01). Detailed analysis showed a characteristic pattern of preference changes across grades for both esthetic aspects. The third year of studies appeared to be a dividing line in both cases, after which a real preference order was established. Association between autoperception and heteroperception could not be verified for statistical reasons. Conclusion Our findings corroborate the results of most previous studies regarding the effect of dental education on the dentofacial esthetic perception of students. We have shown that the effect can be demonstrated on the grade level, which we attribute to the specific curricular contents. We found no gender effect, which, in the light of the literature, suggests that the gender effect in dentofacial esthetic perception is highly culture dependent. The results allow no conclusion regarding the relation between autoperception and heteroperception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Romsics
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Kristóf Boa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Roland Becsei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Noémi Rózsa
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Szántó
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, Dentistry Program, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit Nemes
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Emil Segatto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Ilijazi-Shahiqi D, Mehmeti B, Kelmendi J, Krasniqi D, Kamberi B, Anic-Milosevic S. Validity and reliability of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire in Kosovar adolescents. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 33:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2019-0038/ijamh-2019-0038.xml. [PMID: 31953994 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2019-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the validity and reliability of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ)-Albanian version in Kosovar adolescents and assess gender-based differences of malocclusion on PIDAQ subscales. METHODS A sample of 200 adolescents aged 12-15 years were evaluated for orthodontic treatment need by a previous calibrated dental examiner, using the aesthetic component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Aesthetic Concern (IOTN-AC) and the dental aesthetic index (DAI). Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity and gender-based impact of malocclusion on psychosocial impact was assessed. RESULTS The Albanian version of the PIDAQ shows satisfactory internal consistency (α ranging from 0.73 to 0.90) with high test-retest reliability (r > 0.83). The discriminant validity revealed that subjects with minor and severe malocclusion according to dichotomous DAI categorization had different PIDAQ scores. No significant gender-based differences were noted on the impact of malocclusion on psychological and social aspect or Dental Self-confidence (DSC); however, significant gender-based difference was noted on the impact of malocclusion on AC. CONCLUSION The Albanian version of the PIDAQ demonstrated good psychometric properties and applicability to this age group in Kosova.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donika Ilijazi-Shahiqi
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty School of Dentistry, University of Prishtina, p.n 10000, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Blerim Mehmeti
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty School of Dentistry, University of Prishtina, p.n 10000, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Jeta Kelmendi
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty School of Dentistry, University of Prishtina, p.n 10000, Pristina, Kosovo
| | | | - Blerim Kamberi
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Medical Faculty School of Dentistry, University of Pristina, p.n 10000, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Sandra Anic-Milosevic
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Phone: +38514802173, Fax: +38514830816
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González MJ, Romero M, Peñacoba C. Psychosocial dental impact in adult orthodontic patients: what about health competence? Health Qual Life Outcomes 2019; 17:110. [PMID: 31242920 PMCID: PMC6595686 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have assessed the psychological benefits of orthodontic treatment; however, the impact of competence on psychological benefits remains unknown. Aims: To analyze the change of the perception of psychosocial dental impact in a sample of adults undergoing orthodontic treatment (mild/moderate dental malocclusions) and to assess the possible moderating effect of health competence level. Methods A longitudinal prospective design was used. Three time points were included: baseline (T0), 6 months after starting orthodontic treatment (T1) and once treatment had finished (T2). The pretreatment sample consisted of 78 patients recruited from the Rey Juan Carlos University Dental Clinic, all of whom had moderate malocclusions and were going to undergo orthodontic treatment for approximately 18 months with fixed metal multibrackets. All participants were instructed to complete the Spanish version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and the aesthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC) on the three points of the research. Statistical analysis involved the General Linear Model (GLM) repeated-measures ANOVA to test if the outcome measures of psychosocial dental impact significantly changed over time during orthodontic treatment (baseline, at 6-month evaluation and posttreatment). To assess the effect of the previous health competence levels (high/low) in the change from baseline to the 6-month assessment, for each PIDAQ dimension, a 2*2 (time*group) repeated measures ANOVA was performed. Results A significant increase was observed in dental self-confidence values (T0-T1 and T0-T2). Similar results were observed for the psychological impact variables and for the IOTN-AC scores, which showed significant decreases between T0 and T1 and between T0 and T2. Finally, significantly decreases were observed between T0 and T2 in aesthetic concern. Interaction effects were found regarding the health competence variable from T0-T1 for the psychological impact, social impact and aesthetic concern and the IOTN-AC index, with significant development results regarding the high competence group. Conclusions The first 6 months of orthodontic treatment seemed to be key to the development of psychosocial dental impact perception, during which the role of health competence was of great importance to developing a positive change. It is necessary to follow a biopsychosocial approach towards orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José González
- Department of Orthodontics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda de Atenas s/n 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Martín Romero
- Department of Orthodontics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda de Atenas s/n 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Peñacoba
- Psychology Department, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
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The effects of at-home whitening on patients' oral health, psychology, and aesthetic perception. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:208. [PMID: 30537968 PMCID: PMC6290526 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aesthetic self-perception and psychosocial impact of whitening is poorly explored in the literature; it is even less clear whether the effect of whitening may influence the psychology or social relations of patients. Therefore, the aim of this trial is to evaluate the impact of an at-home whitening procedure on patients' quality of life. Also, this study's secondary objective is the adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the OES questionnaire (OES-SP). METHODS Fifty eight patients underwent whitening with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) gel for 1 h daily for 3 weeks. For these participants, the OHIP-Esthetics, PIDAQ, and OES surveys were applied before, one week after, and one month after the whitening procedure. Oral health-related quality of life was measured using the OHIP-Esthetics survey and the psychosocial impact using the PIDAQ survey. The orofacial aesthetics was measured by OES and validated for the Spanish Chilean context. The treatment efficacy (ΔE and ΔSGU) and data from the OHIP-Esthetics PIDAQ and OES surveys were compared using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. RESULTS The whitening procedure was effective (ΔE = 5.9 ± 1.8). The OHIP-Esthetics results were significant when comparing the initial baseline survey prior to the treatment and one week after whitening (p < 0.001) and when comparing the baseline and one-month results (p < 0.001). The overall score on the PIDAQ, after one week post-whitening, was separated into factors and all factors were statistically significant (p < 0.03); the factors for the one-month results were also all statistically significant (p < 0.001), except the social impact factor. The OES questionnaire had statistically significantly increased scores both one week and one month post-treatment (p < 0.0001). The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the OES-SP were satisfactory. CONCLUSION The at-home whitening procedure with carbamide peroxide 10% had a positive effect on patients' oral health-related quality of life, psychology, and aesthetic perception after one month post-whitening. The Chilean Spanish version of the OES showed satisfactory psychometric characteristics to evaluate dental whitening. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02605239 . Date that the study was retrospectively registered: 11-11-2015.
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Bersezio C, Martín J, Mayer C, Rivera O, Estay J, Vernal R, Haidar ZS, Angel P, Oliveira OB, Fernández E. Quality of life and stability of tooth color change at three months after dental bleaching. Qual Life Res 2018; 27:3199-3207. [PMID: 30132252 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-1972-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intracoronary bleaching is a minimally invasive, alternative treatment that addresses aesthetic concerns related to non-vital teeth discoloration. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have assessed the psychosocial impacts of such procedures on patients' aesthetic perceptions. The aim of this study was to evaluate aesthetic perceptions and the psychosocial impact of patients up to 3 months after their teeth had been bleached with hydrogen peroxide (35%) and carbamide peroxide (37%) using the walking bleach technique. METHODS The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to the bleaching agent used: G1 = hydrogen peroxide 35% (n = 25) and G2 = carbamide peroxide 37% (n = 25). Non-vital bleaching was performed in four sessions. Color was objectively (ΔE) and subjectively (ΔSGU) evaluated. Aesthetic perception and psychosocial factors were evaluated before, 1 week and 1 month after the bleaching using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) questionnaires. RESULTS The color change (ΔE) values at 1 month were G1 = 16.80 ± 6.07 and G2 = 14.09 ± 4.83. These values remained stable until the third month after treatment (p > 0.05). There was a decrease in the values of OHIP-aesthetics and PIDAQ after treatment versus baseline (p < 0.05). This status was maintained through the third month after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Both agents were highly effective and had a positive impact on the aesthetic perception and psychosocial impact of patients, values that also remained stable over time. Non-vital bleaching yields positive and stable impacts on aesthetic perception and psychosocial factors. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02718183.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Bersezio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Araraquara, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Javier Martín
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Mayer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oriana Rivera
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Estay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Departament of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ziyad S Haidar
- BioMAT'X, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Av. Mons. Álvaro del Portillo, 12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Los Andes, Av. Mons. Álvaro del Portillo, 12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Angel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Osmir B Oliveira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Araraquara, CEP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
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Bersezio C, Ledezma P, Estay J, Mayer C, Rivera O, Fernández E. Color Regression and Maintenance Effect of Intracoronal Whitening on the Quality of Life: RCT-A One-year Follow-up Study. Oper Dent 2018; 44:24-33. [PMID: 30059269 DOI: 10.2341/17-288-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This randomized clinical study evaluated two parameters: 1) the clinical color rebound of whitening patients' tooth discoloration using the walking bleaching technique and 2) the impact on psychological and aesthetic self-perception at the one-year follow-up of patients who underwent bleaching of nonvital teeth. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty study participants with nonvital tooth discoloration were recruited. Teeth were assigned randomly into one of two groups: 1) 35% hydrogen peroxide (n=25) and 2) 37% carbamide peroxide (n=25). Intracoronal bleaching was carried out over the course of four sessions using the walking bleach technique. Tooth color was evaluated after each session in order to measure the total color variation (ΔE). The guide was arranged from highest (B1) to lowest values (C4) for evaluating color, and color changes using Vita Classical Shade (ΔSGUs) units were calculated. Subjective and objective assessments were compared with the counterpart of the tooth. Aesthetic perception and psychosocial factors were evaluated before and after treatment by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) and Psychological Impact of Dental Impact Questionnaire (PIDAQ) surveys. RESULTS: Color changes (ΔE) were 15.48 ± 5.17 and 14.02 ± 4.85 for carbamide and hydrogen peroxide groups, respectively. There were no significant differences ( p>0.05) between these two groups at the one-year follow-up. There was a decrease in the PIDAQ scores after treatment compared to baseline values ( p<0.05). The majority of OHIP values regressed to baseline values. CONCLUSION: The technique of walking bleaching was highly effective and showed minimal color rebound in nonvital teeth and had a positive effect on patients' psychological impact at the one-year follow-up.
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Bersezio C, Martín J, Angel P, Bottner J, Godoy I, Avalos F, Fernández E. Teeth whitening with 6% hydrogen peroxide and its impact on quality of life: 2 years of follow-up. Odontology 2018; 107:118-125. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-018-0372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bersezio C, Ledezma P, Mayer C, Rivera O, Junior OBO, Fernández E. Effectiveness and effect of non-vital bleaching on the quality of life of patients up to 6 months post-treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:3013-3019. [PMID: 29455372 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2389-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the esthetic perception of patients at 6 months after bleaching of non-vital teeth with 35% of hydrogen peroxide and 37% of carbamide peroxide using a walking bleach technique. We also assessed psychosocial impacts as well as the clinical effectiveness and stability of the color change. MATERIALS AND METHODS The teeth bleaching treatment was randomly assigned to two groups according to the bleaching agent used: G1 HP = 35% of hydrogen peroxide (n = 25) and G2 CP = 37% of carbamide peroxide (n = 25). The non-vital bleaching was performed in four sessions using the walking bleach technique. The color was objectively (ΔE) and subjectively (ΔSGU) evaluated. The esthetic perception and psychosocial factors were evaluated before treatment as well as one and 6 months post-treatment using Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) esthetics and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Esthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). RESULTS The color change (ΔE) at 6 months (G1 = 14.53 ± 5.07 and G2 = 14.09 ± 6.61) for both color groups remained stable until the 6-month post-treatment (p > 0.05). There was a decrease in the values of OHIP esthetics and PIDAQ after treatment compared to the baseline (p < 0.05), and this effect was maintained 6 months post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Both agents were highly effective and maintained the color stability at 6 months; this positively affected the esthetic perception and psychosocial impact of patients who also remained stable over time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Non-vital bleaching produces a positive and stable impact on the esthetic perception and psychosocial factors at medium-term follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Bersezio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.,Universidad Andres Bello, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Ledezma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Mayer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oriana Rivera
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Osmir Batista Oliveira Junior
- University Estadual Paulista-Unesp., School of Dentistry, Rua Humaitá, 1680-Centro-CEP: 14801-903, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile. .,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile.
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Venete A, Trillo-Lumbreras E, Prado-Gascó VJ, Bellot-Arcís C, Almerich-Silla JM, Montiel-Company JM. Relationship between the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and perfectionism and self-esteem. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e1453-e1458. [PMID: 29410762 PMCID: PMC5794124 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Awareness of the influence of personality traits such as self-esteem and perfectionism on the aesthetic self-image can help clinicians to improve their patients’ satisfaction and quality of life. The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between self-esteem, perfectionism and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, and their association with gender. Material and Methods A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 301 students of the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry of the University of Valencia, aged between 18 and 30 years. Each participant was asked to complete a survey comprising three questionnaires: PIDAQ (Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire), MPS (Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale) and RSS (Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale). The response rate was 79%. Results The mean age was 20.8 years; 226 were women (75 %) and 75 were men (25 %). A negative correlation (Pearson = -0.387) was found between the total PIDAQ score and self-esteem. The correlation with perfectionism was found to be positive (Pearson = 0.281). On comparing the questionnaire and subscale scores by gender, the only statistically significant differences were in perfectionism (men 97.4, women 89.1) and self-confidence (men 22.1, women 23.5). Conclusions The students most affected by poor dental aesthetics had lower self-esteem and higher levels of perfectionism. The men presented higher levels of perfectionism than the women, while the latter displayed greater self-confidence in their dental aesthetics. Clinicians should pay greater attention to these traits and to their implications for treating these patients. Key words:Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire, multidimensional perfectionism scale, rosenberg self-esteem scale, students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Venete
- Grado en odontología [equivalent to BSc Dentistry], University of Valencia
| | | | | | - Carlos Bellot-Arcís
- Post-Doctoral Teaching Assistant, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia
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Santos PM, Gonçalves AR, Marega T. Validity of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire for use on Brazilian adolescents. Dental Press J Orthod 2017; 21:67-72. [PMID: 27409655 PMCID: PMC4944731 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.21.3.067-072.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is a multi-item psychometric instrument used to assess patients' perspective of the impact specifically related to Orthodontics. The cross-culturally adapted Brazilian version of the PIDAQ has demonstrated good reliability, validity and acceptability. Objective: The aim of the present study was to test the validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the PIDAQ for use among adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years old. Methods: Having established the possibility of maintaining the operational characteristics of the Brazilian version of PIDAQ for the target age group, 194 individuals in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, completed the questionnaire. The subjects were examined for the presence/absence of malocclusion based on the criteria of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) to test discriminant validity. Internal consistency was measured by means of Cronbach's alpha coefficient which ranged from 0.59 to 0.86 for the subscales. Test-retest reliability was assessed by means of intraclass correlation coefficient which ranged from 0.54 to 0.89 for aesthetic concern and psychological impact. Results: Discriminant validity revealed that subjects without malocclusion had different PIDAQ scores in comparison to those with malocclusion. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the Brazilian version of PIDAQ for adolescents has satisfactory psychometric properties and is applicable to this age group in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mendes Santos
- Dentistry Specialization for Special Needs Patients, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alcides Ricardo Gonçalves
- Dentistry Specialization for Special Needs Patients, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Marega
- Dentistry Specialization for Special Needs Patients, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Garg K, Tripathi T, Rai P, Sharma N, Kanase A. Prospective Evaluation of Psychosocial Impact after One Year of Orthodontic Treatment Using PIDAQ Adapted for Indian Population. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC44-ZC48. [PMID: 28969272 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/28720.10376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of dental appearance, malocclusion and treatment for the same on psychological and functional well-being has drawn increasing attention over the past decade. Various psychometric instruments alongside normative indices have been used to predict orthodontic concerns. Evaluating the patients' experience during the orthodontic treatment can help us understand the true benefits and advantages of orthodontic therapy. AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate the change in the psychosocial impact of malocclusion using the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) adapted for the Indian population after one year of fixed orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This interventional study was conducted on 93 patients requiring fixed orthodontic treatment. Brazilian, Chinese, Spanish, Nepali and Moroccan versions of the PIDAQ have been published but the questionnaire is not available in Hindi. In the present study, the original PIDAQ was translated into Hindi language to adapt it for the Indian population and was validated by back translation and pretest. All the subjects answered the Hindi version of the questionnaire at pretreatment (T1) and at one year of orthodontic treatment (T2). Additionally, the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was applied to measure the severity and self-perception of malocclusion. The data were analysed using paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Significant reduction was found in the total PIDAQ score and each factor's score (p<0.001) after one year of orthodontic treatment. There was a positive association of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion with the IOTN-AC (IOTN-Aesthetic Component). Adolescent females were found to be most concerned with their dentofacial appearance. CONCLUSION Results showed significant improvement in the psychosocial impact of malocclusion with a reduction in the self-perceived needs of patients with orthodontic treatment. The psychometric instrument used may be recommended as an Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) assessment tool for the population in India for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Garg
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Tulika Tripathi
- Senior Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Priyank Rai
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Nandini Sharma
- Director Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India
| | - Anup Kanase
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi, India
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Wan Hassan WN, Yusof ZYM, Makhbul MZM, Shahidan SSZ, Mohd Ali SF, Burhanudin R, Gere MJ. Validation and reliability of the Malaysian English version of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire for adolescents. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:54. [PMID: 28327153 PMCID: PMC5361852 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Malay version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire has been validated for use by Malaysian adolescents. Although Malay is their national language, English is widely used as the lingua franca among Malaysians of different ethnicities. This study aimed to validate an English version of the PIDAQ adapted for use by Malaysian adolescents to optimize data capture from adolescents who prefer English as the medium for communication. Methods The published English version of PIDAQ was pilot tested on 12- to 17-year-old adolescents, resulting in a few modifications to suit the Malaysian variety of English. Psychometric properties were tested on 393 adolescents who attended orthodontic practices and selected schools. Malocclusion was assessed using the Malocclusion Index, an aggregation of Perception of Occlusion Scale and the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need, by the subjects (MI-S) and investigators (MI-D). Data were analysed for internal consistency and age-associated invariance, discriminant, construct and criterion validities, reproducibility and floor and ceiling effects using AMOS v.20 and SPSS v.20. Results The item Don’t like own teeth on video of the Aesthetic Concern (AC) subscale was not relevant to a large proportion of participants (11.7%). Therefore, it was removed and the Malaysian English PIDAQ was analysed based on 22 items instead of 23 items. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit statistics (comparative fit index: 0.902, root-mean-square error of approximation: 0.066). Internal consistency was good for the Dental Self-Confidence, Social Impact and Psychological Impact subscales (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.70-0.95) but lower (0.52–0.62) though acceptable for the AC subscale as it consisted of only 2 items. The reproducibility test was acceptable (intra-class correlations: 0.53–0.78). For all PIDAQ subscales, the MI-S and MI-D scores of those with severe malocclusion differed significantly from those with no or slight malocclusion. There were significant associations between the PIDAQ subscales with ranking of perceived dental appearance, need for braces and impact of malocclusion on daily activities. There were no floor or ceiling effects. Conclusion The adapted Malaysian English PIDAQ demonstrated adequate psychometric properties that are valid and reliable for assessment of psychological impacts of dental aesthetics among Malaysian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Nurazreena Wan Hassan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Rashidah Burhanudin
- Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Cahaya Suria, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maria Jirom Gere
- Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Cahaya Suria, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wan Hassan WN, Yusof ZYM, Shahidan SSZ, Mohd Ali SF, Makhbul MZM. Validation and reliability of the translated Malay version of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire for adolescents. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:23. [PMID: 28126000 PMCID: PMC5270312 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper describes the cross-cultural adaptation of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) into Malay version (Malay PIDAQ), an oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) instrument specific for orthodontics for Malaysian adolescents between 12 and 17 years old. METHODS The PIDAQ was cross-culturally adapted into Malay version by forward- and backward-translation processes, followed by psychometric validations. After initial investigation of the conceptual suitability of the measure for the Malaysian population, the PIDAQ was translated into Malay, pilot tested and back translated into English. Psychometric properties were examined across two age groups (319 subjects aged 12-14 and 217 subjects aged 15-17 years old) for factor structure, internal consistency, reproducibility, discriminant and construct validity, criterion validity, and assessment of floor and ceiling effects. RESULTS Fit indices by confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit statistics (comparative fit index = 0.936, root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.064) and invariance across age groups. Internal consistency and reproducibility tests were satisfactory (Cronbach's α = 0.71-0.91; intra-class correlations = 0.72-0.89). Significant differences in Malay PIDAQ mean scores were observed between subjects with severe malocclusion and those with slight malocclusion based on a self-rated and an investigator-rated malocclusion index, for all subscales and all age groups (p < 0.05). Construct validity of the Malay PIDAQ subscales with those who rated themselves with excellent to poor dental appearance and those who felt they needed or did not need braces, showed significant associations for all age groups (p < 0.05). Criterion validity also showed significant association between the Malay PIDAQ scores with those with and without impact on daily activities attributed to malocclusion. There were no ceiling effects detected but floor effects were detected for the Aesthetic Concern subscale. CONCLUSION The study has provided initial evidence for the validity and reliability of the Malay PIDAQ to assess the impact of malocclusion on the OHRQoL of 12-17 year old Malaysian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Nurazreena Wan Hassan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Mohd Zambri Mohamed Makhbul
- Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Cahaya Suria, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Tun Perak, Kuala Lumpur, 50050, Malaysia
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Fernández E, Bersezio C, Bottner J, Avalos F, Godoy I, Inda D, Vildósola P, Saad J, Oliveira OB, Martín J. Longevity, Esthetic Perception, and Psychosocial Impact of Teeth Bleaching by Low (6%) Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration for In-office Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Oper Dent 2016; 42:41-52. [PMID: 27571237 DOI: 10.2341/15-335-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the color longevity after nine months of in-office bleaching with gel (6% hydrogen peroxide), to compare this to a control concentration of 35% in a split-mouth study model, and to assess the dental confidence and psychosocial impact on patients. METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty-seven patients were assessed at the nine-month recall. The bleaching procedure with 6% or 35% hydrogen peroxide gel was performed randomly in the upper hemi-arch of each patient. The color was measured at baseline and at one week, one month, and nine months after the procedure, using the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer, the Vita classical shade guide organized by value, and Vita Bleach Guide 3DMaster. Moreover, two surveys, OHIP-Esthetics and PIDAQ, were used to assess the esthetic self-perception and psychosocial impact of the bleaching procedure. During the nine-month recall, the color was assessed before and after dental prophylaxis. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients participated in the nine-month recall. There was a significant difference in ΔE between the two groups at all times assessed (p<0.011). The ΔL, Δa, and Δb showed a difference between the two groups at all times assessed (p<0.038), except for ΔL from the baseline vs nine-month after prophylaxis value (p>0.20). There was no significant difference in ΔSGU at all times (p>0.05). There was a significant difference in OHIP-Esthetics and PIDAQ sums compared with baseline scores (p<0.03). CONCLUSION The two compounds remained effective at nine months, with a slight rebound of color, and maintained their objective color difference but not the subjective color difference. Patients were satisfied with the bleaching procedure, and this had a positive impact on esthetic perception and a positive psychosocial impact at the nine-month recall.
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Aglarci C, Baysal A, Demirci K, Dikmen F, Aglarci AV. Translation and validation of the Turkish version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire. Korean J Orthod 2016; 46:220-7. [PMID: 27478799 PMCID: PMC4965593 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2016.46.4.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to translate the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) into Turkish, validate the questionnaire, and provide a cross-cultural adaptation. Methods The translation process included the following steps, which were performed by a translation committee: (1) translation into Turkish, (2) back translation into English, (3) pretesting, and (4) cross-cultural adaptation. The Turkish version of the PIDAQ was produced subsequent to the translation process. Validity and reliability were measured using the Perception of Occlusion Scale and the aesthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The questionnaire was administered to 260 individuals (age range, 18–30 years; mean age, 20.50 ± 1.9 years). Structural validity was assessed via factor analysis, and internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results Factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure, with factor loadings for included items ranging from 0.380 to 0.868. Few questions were shuffled among domains various factor loadings. Cronbach's alphas for the Turkish version of the PIDAQ ranged from 0.534 to 0.904. Mean scores for the PIDAQ subscale and total scores differed significantly according to Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and Perception of Occlusion Scale scores. Conclusions This study provided a Turkish version of the PIDAQ, which could be a useful tool in the evaluation of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion in young Turkish adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cahide Aglarci
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sifa University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Asli Baysal
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kadir Demirci
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ferhan Dikmen
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sifa University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Vasfi Aglarci
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Kragt L, Dhamo B, Wolvius EB, Ongkosuwito EM. The impact of malocclusions on oral health-related quality of life in children-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:1881-1894. [PMID: 26635095 PMCID: PMC5069349 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Introduction A limited amount of systematic literature reviews on the association between malocclusions and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) summarize inconclusive results. Therefore, we conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of malocclusions with OHRQOL in children. Methods Relevant studies were identified in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar and other databases. All studies with data on malocclusions or orthodontic treatment need and OHRQOL in children were included. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Random effects models were used to estimate summary effect measures for the association between malocclusion and OHRQOL in a continuous and a categorical data analysis. Tests for heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity of results were performed. Results In total, 40 cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analyses. Summary measures of the continuous data show that OHRQOL was significantly lowered in children with malocclusions (standardized mean difference (95 % CI] = 0.29 (0.19–0.38)). The summary odds ratio for having an impact on OHRQOL was 1.74 times higher in children with malocclusion than in children without malocclusions. Heterogeneity among studies was partly explained by malocclusion assessment, age of the children and country of study conduction. Conclusion Our results provide evidence for a clear inverse association of malocclusion with OHRQOL. We also showed that the strength of the association differed depending on the age of the children and their cultural environment. Clinical relevance Dentists benefit from understanding the patient differences regarding the impact of malocclusions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00784-015-1681-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Kragt
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics|, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- P.O Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brunilda Dhamo
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics|, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eppo B. Wolvius
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics|, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin M. Ongkosuwito
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics|, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Bourzgui F, Serhier Z, Sebbar M, Diouny S, Bennani Othmani M, Ngom PI. Adaptation and validation of the Moroccan Arabic version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Saudi Dent J 2015; 27:180-6. [PMID: 26644752 PMCID: PMC4642184 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aims of this study were to translate and culturally adapt the PIDAQ native English version into Moroccan Arabic, and to assess the psychometric characteristics of the version thereby obtained. Materials and methods The PIDAQ original English version was sequentially subjected to translation into Moroccan Arabic, back-translation into English, committee review, and pre-testing in 30 subjects seeking orthodontic treatment. Results The final Moroccan Arabic version further underwent an analysis of psychometric properties on a random sample of 99 adult subjects (84 females and 15 males, aged 20.97 ± 1.10 years). The intraclass coefficient correlation of the scores of the responses obtained after administration of the questionnaire twice at a 1-month interval to a random sample of 30 subjects ranged from 0.63 for “Self-confidence” to 0.85 for “Social Impact”. Cronbach α coefficients ranging from 0.78 for “Aesthetic Concerns” to 0.87 for “Self-confidence” were obtained; the different subscales of the Moroccan Arabic version of the PIDAQ showed good correlation with the perception of aesthetics and orthodontic treatment need. Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that the Moroccan Arabic version of the PIDAQ obtained following thorough adaptation of the native form is both reliable and valid. It is able to capture self-perception of orthodontic aesthetic and treatment need and is consistent with normative need for orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bourzgui
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Z Serhier
- Laboratoire d'Informatique Médicale, Département Santé Communautaire, Faculté de Médecine de Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M Sebbar
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - S Diouny
- Département de Langue et Littérature anglaises, Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines Université Chouaib Doukkali Eljadida, B.P. 27, Route Ben Mâachou, 24000 El-Jadida, Morocco
| | - M Bennani Othmani
- Laboratoire d'Informatique Médicale, Département Santé Communautaire, Faculté de Médecine de Casablanca, Morocco
| | - P I Ngom
- Service d'Orthodontie, Département d'Odontologie, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
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Bellot-Arcís C, Montiel-Company JM, Pinho T, Almerich-Silla JM. Relationship between perception of malocclusion and the psychological impact of dental aesthetics in university students. J Clin Exp Dent 2015; 7:e18-22. [PMID: 25810834 PMCID: PMC4368010 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Objectives: The objectives were to assess the relationship between perceived smile aesthetics and perceived psychological impact as measured by the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ), and their own perception of it using the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC) and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS); relate the IOTN-AC and VAS to the PIDAQ; and study the predictive capacity of the scales for psychological impact.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 447 college students in Spain and Portugal (average age 20.4 years, 33.1% men and 66.9% women). The online self-completed surveys used the recently-validated Spanish and Portuguese versions of the PIDAQ to assess the self–reported psychological impact of the students’ dental aesthetics and IOTN-AC and an ad hoc 100 mm VAS for their perception of their dental aesthetics.
Results: PIDAQ was linearly correlated with IOTN AC and VAS. Pearson’s coefficient was 0.55 for PIDAQ and IOTN-AC (CI 95% 0.48-0.61) and -0.72 for PIDAQ and VAS (CI 95% -0.66 - -0.76). VAS and IOTN-AC were predictive variables in a linear regression model of the total PIDAQ score. The VAS diagnosed individuals whose dental aesthetics had a self-perceived psychological impact (area under the curve 0.827, CI 95% 0.787-0.868) more precisely than the IOTN-AC (area under the curve 0.742, CI 95% 0. 696-0.788).
Conclusions: In adults patients, there is a significant linear relationship between perceived smile aesthetics and self-perceived psychological impact.
Key words:Visual Analog Scale, Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need, malocclusion, psychological, aesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Bellot-Arcís
- Adjunct Professor, Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - José-María Montiel-Company
- Post-Doctoral Assistant Professor, Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Pinho
- Assistant Professor of Orthodontics, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde-Norte; Centro de Investigação Ciências da Saúde (CICS), Portugal
| | - José-Manuel Almerich-Silla
- Ternured Lecturer, Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Spain
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Bellot-Arcís C, Ferrer-Molina M, Carrasco-Tornero Á, Montiel-Company JM, Almerich-Silla JM. Differences in psychological traits between lingual and labial orthodontic patients: perfectionism, body image, and the impact of dental esthetics. Angle Orthod 2015; 85:58-63. [PMID: 24828448 PMCID: PMC8634814 DOI: 10.2319/020714-97.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine some of the patients' psychological traits in relation to their levels of perfectionism and their body image, and to discover whether these differ between lingual and labial orthodontic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was designed with a consecutive sample of 80 patients attending a private orthodontic office. Three questionnaires were used to assess the patients' body image and level of perfectionism. The mean age was 33 years. The men numbered 32 and the women 48. The validated Spanish version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire (PIDAQ) was used to assess the psychosocial impact of their dental esthetics. The Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) was used to assess how perfectionist the patients were. A version of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) was used for assessment of their body image. Student's t-test was used to compare the means and 95% confidence intervals (P < .05), and a logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS The PIDAQ (55.4 vs 60, P = .218) and MBSRQ (128.7 vs 125.9, P = .523) results of the patients who chose lingual orthodontics did not differ significantly from those who opted for labial orthodontics. However, the MPS scores of the lingual orthodontic patients were significantly higher (95.9 vs 86.3, P = .044), and high social class, over 30 years of age, and perfectionist traits were significant independent variables in this group. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study may indicate that lingual orthodontic patients are more perfectionists than labial orthodontic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Bellot-Arcís
- Adjunct Professor, Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcela Ferrer-Molina
- Adjunct Professor, Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Carrasco-Tornero
- Clinical Psychologist, Child & Adolescent Mental Health Unit, Catarroja, Valencia Health Agency, Valencia, Spain
| | - José María Montiel-Company
- Postdoctoral Assistant Professor, Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Manuel Almerich-Silla
- Tenured Lecturer, Stomatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Bucci R, Rongo R, Zito E, Galeotti A, Valletta R, D'Antò V. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Italian Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Qual Life Res 2014; 24:747-52. [PMID: 25281009 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-014-0807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To validate and cross-culturally adapt the Italian version of the Psychological Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) among Italian young adults. METHODS After translation, back translation, and cross-cultural adaptation of the English PIDAQ, a first version of the Italian questionnaire was pretested. The final Italian PIDAQ was administered to 598 subjects aged 18-30 years, along with two other instruments: the aesthetic component of the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN-AC) and the perception of occlusion scale (POS), which identified the self-reporting grade of malocclusion. Structural validity was assessed by means of factorial analysis, internal consistency was measured with Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α), convergent validity was assessed by means of Spearman correlation, and test-retest reliability was calculated with intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard measurement error. Criterion validity was evaluated by multivariate and univariate analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc tests. RESULTS The α of the Italian PIDAQ domains ranged between 0.79 and 0.92. The ICC was between 0.81 and 0.90. The mean scores of each PIDAQ domain showed a statistically significant difference when analysed according to the IOTN-AC and POS scores. CONCLUSION The satisfactory psychometric properties make PIDAQ a usable tool for future studies on oral health-related quality of life among Italian young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Bucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, School of Orthodontics, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics in adolescence: validity and reliability of a questionnaire across age-groups. Qual Life Res 2014; 24:379-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-014-0767-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Almerich-Silla JM, Montiel-Company JM, Bellot-Arcís C, Puertes-Fernández N. Cross-sectional study of malocclusion in Spanish children. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2014; 19:e15-9. [PMID: 23986013 PMCID: PMC3909426 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.19096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the orthodontic treatment need of the child population of the Valencia region of Spain, employing the DAI and the IOTN, to examine the relations between treatment need, socio-economic data and gender and to assess the diagnostic agreement between the two indices.
Study Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a random representative sample of the schoolchild population of the Valencia region of Spain. The sample size was a total of 765 children aged 12 and 15 years at 39 schools.
Results: The orthodontic treatment need assessed by the DAI was 21.7% at 12 years of age and 14.1% at 15 years. The orthodontic treatment need assessed by the IOTN DHC was 20.9% at 12 years of age and 12.7% at 15 years. The diagnostic agreement between the DAI and the modified IOTN was moderate, with Kappa scores of 0.426 at 12 years of age and 0.415 for the 15-year-old group.
Conclusions: Approximately 20% of the children needed orthodontic treatment. Neither gender nor social class appeared to exert a significant influence on orthodontic treatment need.
Key words:Orthodontics, epidemiology, children, malocclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Manuel Almerich-Silla
- Departamento de Estomatología, Unidad de Odontología Preventiva y Comunitaria, Clínica Odontológica, C/ Gascó Oliag n 1, Cp 46010, Valencia, Spain,
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Ngom PI, Attebi P, Diouf JS, Diop Ba K, Badiane A, Diagne F. [Translation and cultural adaptation of a french version of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire: PIDAQ]. Orthod Fr 2013; 84:319-331. [PMID: 24280547 DOI: 10.1051/orthodfr/2013066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is a tool developed and validated to specifically assess subject's quality of life related to orthodontic anomalies. The aims of the present study were to translate and culturally adapt the PIDAQ's native English version into French, and to test the psychometric characteristics of the version thereby obtained. Toward these ends, the PIDAQ's original English version was translated into French and back-translated into English following the prescribed guidelines. Each of the versions obtained from the translation process was further subjected to a committee review. The final French version which is named QIPEO underwent an analysis of psychometric properties on a sample of 42 subjects (33 females and 9 males, aged 24.60 ± 8.66 years). Internal consistency was good with Cronbach ff coefficients ranging from 0.67 for "aesthetic concerns" to 0.87 for "social impact". The reproducibility of the responses given by 14 subjects after 15 days interval was correct with intraclass coefficients ranging from 0.72 for "social impact" to 0.90 for "aesthetic concerns". Furthermore, the different subscales of the French version of the PIDAQ showed excellent correlation with the perception of aesthetics and fairly good correlation with self-perception of orthodontic treatment need. Definite need for orthodontic treatment, as assessed normatively by the IOTN, was significantly associated with lower scores of "self-confidence" and higher scores of "social impact", "psychological impact" and "aesthetic concerns". Overall, the French version of the PIDAQ was shown to be reliable and has some validity for use in this population. Further studies including a larger sample size is recommended to reassess the validation and the responsiveness of this French version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papa Ibrahima Ngom
- Département d'Odontologie, Service d'Orthodontie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
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The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire—translation and cross-cultural validation in Croatia. Qual Life Res 2013; 23:1267-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-013-0547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bellot-Arcís C, Montiel-Company JM, Almerich-Silla JM. Psychosocial impact of malocclusion in Spanish adolescents. Korean J Orthod 2013; 43:193-200. [PMID: 24015389 PMCID: PMC3762961 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2013.43.4.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the psychosocial impact of malocclusion, determine its relationship with the severity of malocclusion, and assess the influence of gender and social class on this relationship in adolescents. Methods A random sample of 627 Spanish adolescents aged 12 - 15 years underwent intraoral examinations by 3 calibrated examiners (intraexaminer and interexaminer kappa > 0.85) at their schools. Psychosocial impact was measured through a self-rated Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). The severity of malocclusion was measured by the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Gender and social class were also recorded. Results The total PIDAQ score and those of its 4 subscales, social impact, psychological impact, aesthetic concern, and dental self-confidence, presented significant differences (p ≤ 0.05 by analysis of variance) and linear relationships with the IOTN grades (p ≤ 0.05 by linear regression). Stepwise linear regression models showed that the IOTN dental health component was a predictive variable of the total and subscale PIDAQ scores. Neither gender nor social class was an independent predictive variable of this relationship, except the linear model for psychological impact, where gender was a predictive variable. The occlusal conditions responsible for higher PIDAQ scores were increased overjet, impeded eruption, tooth displacement, and increased overbite. Conclusions Malocclusion has a psychological impact in adolescents and this impact increases with the severity of malocclusion. Social class may not influence this association, but the psychological impact seems to be greater among girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Bellot-Arcís
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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