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Kalinin S, Meares GP, Lin SX, Pietruczyk EA, Saher G, Spieth L, Nave KA, Boullerne AI, Lutz SE, Benveniste EN, Feinstein DL. Liver kinase B1 depletion from astrocytes worsens disease in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Glia 2019; 68:600-616. [PMID: 31664743 PMCID: PMC7337013 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a ubiquitously expressed kinase involved in the regulation of cell metabolism, growth, and inflammatory activation. We previously reported that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding LKB1 is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). Since astrocyte activation and metabolic function have important roles in regulating neuroinflammation and neuropathology, we examined the serine/threonine kinase LKB1 in astrocytes in a chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model of MS. To reduce LKB1, a heterozygous astrocyte-selective conditional knockout (het-cKO) model was used. While disease incidence was similar, disease severity was worsened in het-cKO mice. RNAseq analysis identified Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enriched in het-cKO mice relating to mitochondrial function, confirmed by alterations in mitochondrial complex proteins and reductions in mRNAs related to astrocyte metabolism. Enriched pathways included major histocompatibility class II genes, confirmed by increases in MHCII protein in spinal cord and cerebellum of het-cKO mice. We observed increased numbers of CD4+ Th17 cells and increased neuronal damage in spinal cords of het-cKO mice, associated with reduced expression of choline acetyltransferase, accumulation of immunoglobulin-γ, and reduced expression of factors involved in motor neuron survival. In vitro, LKB1-deficient astrocytes showed reduced metabolic function and increased inflammatory activation. These data suggest that metabolic dysfunction in astrocytes, in this case due to LKB1 deficiency, can exacerbate demyelinating disease by loss of metabolic support and increase in the inflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Kalinin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gordon P Meares
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Shao Xia Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Gesine Saher
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Lena Spieth
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Anne I Boullerne
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sarah E Lutz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Douglas L Feinstein
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Zhang J, Wu J, Liu F, Tong L, Chen Z, Chen J, He H, Xu R, Ma Y, Huang C. Neuroprotective effects of anthocyanins and its major component cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) in the central nervous system: An outlined review. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172500. [PMID: 31238064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, a class of water soluble flavonoids extracted from plants like berries and soybean seed, have been shown to display obvious anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. They are recommended as a supplementation for prevention and/or treatment of disorders ranging from cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. In the central nervous system (CNS), anthocyanins and its major component cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) have been reported to produce preventive and/or therapeutic activities in a wide range of disorders, such as cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and glioblastoma. Both anthocyanins and C3G can also affect some important processes in aging, including neuronal apoptosis and death as well as learning and memory impairment. Further, the anthocyanins and C3G have been shown to prevent neuro-toxicities induced by different toxic factors, such as lipopolysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide, ethanol, kainic acid, acrolein, glutamate, and scopolamine. Mechanistic studies have shown that inhibition of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are two critical mechanisms by which anthocyanins and C3G produce protective effects in CNS disorder prevention and/or treatment. Other mechanisms, including suppression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, amelioration of cellular degeneration, activation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, and restoration of Ca2+ and Zn2+ homeostasis, may also mediate the neuroprotective effects of anthocyanins and C3G. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological effects of anthocyanins and C3G in CNS disorders as well as their possible mechanisms, aiming to get a clear insight into the role of anthocyanins in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, #30 Tongyang North Road, Nantong, 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, #118 Wansheng Street, Suzhou, 215021, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Danyang People's Hospital, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, Nantong First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, #20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province, #288, Zhenxing East Road, Nantong Economic Development Zone, Nantong, 226009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaoying Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, #19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Strehler EE, Thayer SA. Evidence for a role of plasma membrane calcium pumps in neurodegenerative disease: Recent developments. Neurosci Lett 2018; 663:39-47. [PMID: 28827127 PMCID: PMC5816698 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPases (PMCAs) are a major system for calcium extrusion from all cells. Different PMCA isoforms and splice variants are involved in the precise temporal and spatial handling of Ca2+ signals and the re-establishment of resting Ca2+ levels in the nervous system. Lack or inappropriate expression of specific PMCAs leads to characteristic neuronal phenotypes, which may be reciprocally exacerbated by genetic predisposition through alleles in other genes that modify PMCA interactions, regulation, and function. PMCA dysfunction is often poorly compensated in neurons and may lead to changes in synaptic transmission, altered excitability and, with long-term calcium overload, eventual cell death. Decrease and functional decline of PMCAs are hallmarks of neurodegeneration during aging, and mutations in specific PMCAs are responsible for neuronal dysfunction and accelerated neurodegeneration in many sensory and cognitive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel E Strehler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Stanley A Thayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Strehler EE. Plasma membrane calcium ATPases: From generic Ca(2+) sump pumps to versatile systems for fine-tuning cellular Ca(2.). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 460:26-33. [PMID: 25998731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane calcium ATPases (PMCAs) are ATP-driven primary ion pumps found in all eukaryotic cells. They are the major high-affinity calcium extrusion system for expulsion of Ca(2+) ions from the cytosol and help restore the low resting levels of intracellular [Ca(2+)] following the temporary elevation of Ca(2+) generated during Ca(2+) signaling. Due to their essential role in the maintenance of cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis they were initially thought to be "sump pumps" for Ca(2+) removal needed by all cells to avoid eventual calcium overload. The discovery of multiple PMCA isoforms and alternatively spliced variants cast doubt on this simplistic assumption, and revealed instead that PMCAs are integral components of highly regulated multi-protein complexes fulfilling specific roles in calcium-dependent signaling originating at the plasma membrane. Biochemical, genetic, and physiological studies in gene-manipulated and mutant animals demonstrate the important role played by specific PMCAs in distinct diseases including those affecting the peripheral and central nervous system, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis. Human PMCA gene mutations and allelic variants associated with specific disorders continue to be discovered and underline the crucial role of different PMCAs in particular cells, tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel E Strehler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guggenheim 16-11A1, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Carvalho FB, Gutierres JM, Bohnert C, Zago AM, Abdalla FH, Vieira JM, Palma HE, Oliveira SM, Spanevello RM, Duarte MM, Lopes ST, Aiello G, Amaral MG, Pippi NL, Andrade CM. Anthocyanins suppress the secretion of proinflammatory mediators and oxidative stress, and restore ion pump activities in demyelination. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:378-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase isoforms composition regulates cellular pH homeostasis in differentiating PC12 cells in a manner dependent on cytosolic Ca2+ elevations. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102352. [PMID: 25014339 PMCID: PMC4094512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) by extruding Ca2+ outside the cell, actively participates in the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Acting as Ca2+/H+ counter-transporter, PMCA transports large quantities of protons which may affect organellar pH homeostasis. PMCA exists in four isoforms (PMCA1-4) but only PMCA2 and PMCA3, due to their unique localization and features, perform more specialized function. Using differentiated PC12 cells we assessed the role of PMCA2 and PMCA3 in the regulation of intracellular pH in steady-state conditions and during Ca2+ overload evoked by 59 mM KCl. We observed that manipulation in PMCA expression elevated pHmito and pHcyto but only in PMCA2-downregulated cells higher mitochondrial pH gradient (ΔpH) was found in steady-state conditions. Our data also demonstrated that PMCA2 or PMCA3 knock-down delayed Ca2+ clearance and partially attenuated cellular acidification during KCl-stimulated Ca2+ influx. Because SERCA and NCX modulated cellular pH response in neglectable manner, and all conditions used to inhibit PMCA prevented KCl-induced pH drop, we considered PMCA2 and PMCA3 as mainly responsible for transport of protons to intracellular milieu. In steady-state conditions, higher TMRE uptake in PMCA2-knockdown line was driven by plasma membrane potential (Ψp). Nonetheless, mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm) in this line was dissipated during Ca2+ overload. Cyclosporin and bongkrekic acid prevented Ψm loss suggesting the involvement of Ca2+-driven opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore as putative underlying mechanism. The findings presented here demonstrate a crucial role of PMCA2 and PMCA3 in regulation of cellular pH and indicate PMCA membrane composition important for preservation of electrochemical gradient.
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Boczek T, Lisek M, Kowalski A, Pikula S, Niewiarowska J, Wiktorska M, Zylinska L. Downregulation of PMCA2 or PMCA3 reorganizes Ca(2+) handling systems in differentiating PC12 cells. Cell Calcium 2012; 52:433-44. [PMID: 22921123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Changes in PMCA2 and PMCA3 expression during neuronal development are tightly linked to structural and functional modifications in Ca(2+) handling machinery. Using antisense strategy we obtained stably transfected PC12 lines with reduced level of PMCA2 or PMCA3, which were then subjected to dibutyryl-cAMP differentiation. Reduced level of neuron-specific PMCAs led to acceleration of differentiation and formation of longer neurites than in control PC12 line. Treatment with dibutyryl-cAMP was associated with retraction of growth cones and intensified formation of varicosities. In PMCA2-reduced cells development of apoptosis and DNA laddering were detected. Higher amounts of constitutive isoforms PMCA1 and PMCA4, their putative extended location to gaps left after partial removal of PMCA2 or PMCA3, together with increased SERCA may indicate the induction of compensatory mechanism in modified cells. Functional studies showed altered expression of certain types of VDCCs in PMCA-reduced cells, which correlated with their higher contribution to Ca(2+) influx. The cell response to PMCAs suppression suggests the interplay between transcription level of two opposite calcium-transporting systems i.e. voltage- and store depletion-activated channels facilitating Ca(2+) influx and calcium pumps responsible for Ca(2+) clearance, as well highlights the role of both neuron-specific PMCA isoforms in the control of PC12 cells differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Boczek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University, Lodz, Poland.
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