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Chivu CD, Crăciun MD, Pițigoi D, Aramă V, Luminos ML, Jugulete G, Nițescu VG, Lescaie A, Apostolescu CG, Streinu Cercel A. Hybrid Immunity and the Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections during the Omicron Era in Frontline Healthcare Workers. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:682. [PMID: 38932411 PMCID: PMC11209586 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic healthcare workers (HCWs) acquired immunity by vaccination or exposure to multiple variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our study is a comparative analysis between subgroups of HCWs constructed based on the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, vaccination, and the dominant variant of SARS-CoV-2 in the population. We collected and analyzed data using the χ2 test and density incidence of reinfections in Microsoft Excel for Mac, Version 16.84, and MedCalc®, 22.026. Of the 829 HCWs, 70.1% (581) had only one SARS-CoV-2 infection and 29.9% (248) had two infections. Of the subjects with two infections, 77.4% (192) worked in high-risk departments and 93.2% (231) of the second infections were registered during Omicron dominance. The density incidence of reinfections was higher in HCWs vaccinated with the primary schedule than those vaccinated with the first booster, and the incidence ratio was 2.8 (95% CI: 1.2; 6.7). The probability of reinfection was five times lower (95% CI: 2.9; 9.2) in HCWs vaccinated with the primary schedule if the first infection was acquired during Omicron dominance. The subjects vaccinated with the first booster had a density incidence of reinfection three times lower (95% CI: 1.9; 5.8) if the first infection was during Omicron. The incidence ratio in subgroups constructed based on characteristics such as gender, age group, job category, and department also registered significant differences in density incidence. The history of SARS-CoV-2 infection by variant is important when interpreting and understanding public health data and the results of studies related to vaccine efficacy for hybrid immunity subgroup populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen-Daniela Chivu
- Department of Epidemiology 1, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.-D.C.); (D.P.)
- Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “Grigore Alexandrescu”, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (V.G.N.); (A.L.)
| | - Maria-Dorina Crăciun
- Department of Epidemiology 1, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.-D.C.); (D.P.)
- Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “Grigore Alexandrescu”, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (V.G.N.); (A.L.)
| | - Daniela Pițigoi
- Department of Epidemiology 1, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.-D.C.); (D.P.)
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, 021105 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.); (M.L.L.); (G.J.); (C.G.A.); (A.S.C.)
| | - Victoria Aramă
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, 021105 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.); (M.L.L.); (G.J.); (C.G.A.); (A.S.C.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases 1, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Luminița Luminos
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, 021105 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.); (M.L.L.); (G.J.); (C.G.A.); (A.S.C.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases 3, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghiță Jugulete
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, 021105 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.); (M.L.L.); (G.J.); (C.G.A.); (A.S.C.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases 3, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorela Gabriela Nițescu
- Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “Grigore Alexandrescu”, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (V.G.N.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Lescaie
- Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children “Grigore Alexandrescu”, 011743 Bucharest, Romania; (V.G.N.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cătălin Gabriel Apostolescu
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, 021105 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.); (M.L.L.); (G.J.); (C.G.A.); (A.S.C.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases 1, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Streinu Cercel
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, 021105 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.); (M.L.L.); (G.J.); (C.G.A.); (A.S.C.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases 1, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Wang JL, Xiao XL, Zhang FF, Pei X, Li MT, Zhang JP, Zhang J, Sun GQ. Forecast of peak infection and estimate of excess deaths in COVID-19 transmission and prevalence in Taiyuan City, 2022 to 2023. Infect Dis Model 2024; 9:56-69. [PMID: 38130878 PMCID: PMC10733700 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, with the method of epidemic dynamics, we assess the spread and prevalence of COVID-19 after the policy adjustment of prevention and control measure in December 2022 in Taiyuan City in China, and estimate the excess population deaths caused by COVID-19. Based on the transmission mechanism of COVID-19 among individuals, a dynamic model with heterogeneous contacts is established to describe the change of control measures and the population's social behavior in Taiyuan city. The model is verified and simulated by basing on reported case data from November 8th to December 5th, 2022 in Taiyuan city and the statistical data of the questionnaire survey from December 1st to 23rd, 2022 in Neijiang city. Combining with reported numbers of permanent residents and deaths from 2017 to 2021 in Taiyuan city, we apply the dynamic model to estimate theoretical population of 2022 under the assumption that there is no effect of COVID-19. In addition, we carry out sensitivity analysis to determine the propagation character of the Omicron strain and the effect of the control measures. As a result of the study, it is concluded that after adjusting the epidemic policy on December 6th, 2022, three peaks of infection in Taiyuan are estimated to be from December 22nd to 31st, 2022, from May 10th to June 1st, 2023, and from September 5th to October 13th, 2023, and the corresponding daily peaks of new cases can reach 400 000, 44 000 and 22 000, respectively. By the end of 2022, excess deaths can range from 887 to 4887, and excess mortality rate can range from 3.06% to 14.82%. The threshold of the infectivity of the COVID-19 variant is estimated 0.0353, that is if the strain infectivity is above it, the epidemic cannot be control with the previous normalization measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lin Wang
- Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xin-Long Xiao
- Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Fen-Fen Zhang
- School of Mathematics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Xin Pei
- College of Mathematics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Ming-Tao Li
- College of Mathematics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Ju-Ping Zhang
- Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- Complex Systems and Data Science Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- Complex Systems and Data Science Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Gui-Quan Sun
- School of Mathematics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
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Zhang Y, Huang X, Zhang J, Tao Z. Risk factors for hospitalization and pneumonia development of pediatric patients with seasonal influenza during February-April 2023. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1300228. [PMID: 38249383 PMCID: PMC10797015 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1300228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives In China influenza remains a low activity for continuous 3 years due to COVID-19 controls. We here sought to study the clinical characteristics and risk factors of the influenza infection among children after the mandatory COVID-19 restrictions were lifted. Methods We included 1,006 pediatric patients with influenza A virus (IAV) infection, enrolled in one tertiary hospital in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China, during February to April 2023. Patients were divided into the outpatient (n = 798) and inpatient (n = 208) groups, and their baseline characteristics were compared between two groups to conclude the risk factors for pediatric hospitalization. Separately, pediatric inpatients (n = 208) were further divided into the pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups with comparison of their clinical characteristics, including their laboratory test results and representative radiological features, to derive the key determinants for pneumonia development after hospitalization. Results Compared to outpatients, IAV-infected pediatric inpatients exhibited younger age, higher female: male ratio, more co-infection of influenza B virus (IBV) and hematological abnormality. Multivariate regression analysis determined the independent risk factors of hospitalization to be the clinical symptom of abdominal pain (OR = 2.63, [95% CI, 1.05-6.57], p = 0.039), co-infection of IBV (OR = 44.33, [95% CI, 25.10-78.30], p = 0.001), elevated levels of lymphocytes (OR = 2.24, [95% CI,1.65-3.05], p = 0.001) and c-reactive proteins (CRPs) (OR = 1.06, [95% CI, 1.03-1.08], p = 0.001) upon hospital admission. Furthermore, the cough symptom (OR = 17.39, [95% CI, 3.51-86.13], p = 0.001) and hospitalization length (OR = 1.36, [95% CI, 1.12-1.67], p = 0.002) were determined to be risk factors of pneumonia acquirement for pediatric inpatients. Conclusion While the abdominal pain, viral co-infection and some hematological abnormality mainly contribute to hospitalization of pediatric patients with IAV infection, the length of hospital stay and clinical sign of coughing upon hospital admission constitute the key determinants for nosocomial pneumonia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhimin Tao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Tian T, Yang C, Long X, Kong F, Fu Y, Liu F, Tuo L, Guo X, Li L, Zhao X, Wang Q, Yuan G, Wang H, Wang Y, Qiao J. The Long-Term Impacts of COVID-19 on Physical and Psychological Health - Beijing Municipality, China, December 2022-April 2023. China CDC Wkly 2023; 5:894-899. [PMID: 37886617 PMCID: PMC10598477 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2023.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
What is already known about this topic? Reports detailing the clinical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are extensive in China. However, data remains limited regarding the long-term effects of the 2022 outbreak on the community and healthcare workers (HCWs). What is added by this report? In the follow-up study conducted with 1,069 community members and 3,309 HCWs infected with COVID-19, we observed that five months post-outbreak, 39.2% of community members and 28.7% of HCWs reported experiencing at least one symptom. The symptoms most frequently reported included fatigue or muscle weakness, insomnia, cognitive dysfunction, hair loss, joint or muscle pain, and persistent cough. HCWs tended to experience fewer long-term physical consequences and their symptoms had an expedited recovery time compared to the community members. Nevertheless, HCWs displayed a higher prevalence of moderate to severe depression and anxiety. What are the implications for public health practice? The establishment of a public healthcare system dedicated to continual monitoring, prevention, and clinical treatment of persistent COVID-19 symptoms is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Personnel Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Long
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Tuo
- Office of Hospital Management, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujun Guo
- The Second Outpatient Department of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- The Second Outpatient Department of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Zhao
- The Second Outpatient Department of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Capital Airport sub-district DongPingLi Community Health Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guangti Yuan
- Zizhuyuan Community Service Station in Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqing Wang
- Personnel Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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