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Shafat M, Khursheed N, Walvir N, Makhdoomi R, Ayesha Z. Meningioma Prognostic Tool Based on Correlation of Histopathological Grading and Immunohistochemistry. Oman Med J 2024; 39:e608. [PMID: 39055905 PMCID: PMC11270158 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2024.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Meningiomas are slow-growing brain neoplasms classified into three grades based on morphological criteria. While these grades are simple, they do not always correlate with patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and proliferation marker Ki-67/molecular immunology borstel-1 (MIB-1) in the three grades of meningioma. Methods We evaluated the data of meningioma patients who were seen in our tertiary center over 10 years-8.5 years retrospectively and 1.5 years prospectively. Their archival hematoxylin and eosin stained slides were reviewed and re-graded according to the World Health Organization 2021 criteria. Immunohistochemical analysis for ER, PR, and Ki-67 was performed on all grade 2 and grade 3 meningiomas and 30 cases of grade 1 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples. Results Of the 276 cases included in the study, there were 231 (83.7%) cases of grade 1 meningioma, 34 (12.3%) cases of grade 2, and 11 (4.0%) cases of grade 3. ER was positive in 26.0% of grade 1 tumors, 5.8% of grade 2, and 0.0% of grade 3. PR was positive in 70.0% of grade 1 tumors, 20.0% of grade 2, and 18.0% of grade 3. The Ki-67/MIB-1 labeling index (LI) was 2.1 in grade 1, 6.3 in grade 2, and 13.4 in grade 3 tumors. For both PR and Ki-67, the differences between grades 1, 2, and 3 tumors were significant (p < 0.001). There was a significant inverse relationship between mean Ki-67 LI and PR status, with increasing grade of tumor. Conclusions Ki-67/MIB-1 LI has significant positive correlations with meningioma grade and its recurrence, which makes it a useful auxiliary method for the routine assessment of meningiomas, especially in patients with borderline atypia. The expression of PR, on the other hand, is a positive prognostic indicator and has a substantial correlation with histological grade. In cases of subtotal resection, high proliferative/recurrence rates, and borderline histopathology, the PR status in combination with the MIB-1 LI can offer insights into the behavior and the recurrence probability of a meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahak Shafat
- Department of Pathology and Neurosurgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Nayil Khursheed
- Department of Pathology and Neurosurgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Nazia Walvir
- Department of Pathology and Neurosurgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rumana Makhdoomi
- Department of Pathology and Neurosurgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zoya Ayesha
- Department of Pathology and Neurosurgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Elahmadawy MA, El-Ayadi M, Ahmed S, Refaat A, Eltaoudy MH, Maher E, Taha H, Elbeltagy M. F18-FET PET in pediatric brain tumors: integrative analysis of image derived parameters and clinico-pathological data. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF... 2023; 67:46-56. [PMID: 33300749 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND F18-FET PET has an established diagnostic role in adult brain gliomas. In this study we analyzed image derived static and dynamic parameters with available conventional MRI, histological, clinical and follow-up data in assessment of pediatric brain tumor patients at different stages of the disease. METHODS Forty-four pediatric patients with median age 7 years, diagnosed with brain tumors and underwent forty-seven 18F-FET PET scans either initially (20 scans) or post-therapy (27 scans) were enrolled. Standardized analysis of summed FET PET images early from 10-20 min and late from 30-40 min post-injection were used for static (mean and maximum tumor to brain ratio [TBR] and biological tumor volume [BTV]) parameters evaluation as well as the time activity curve [TAC]. RESULTS Nineteen out of 20 initially assessed patients had pathologically and/or clinico-radiologically proven neoplastic lesions and one patient had pathologically proven abscess. Receiver operator curve (ROC) marked early TBR max 2.95, early TBR mean 1.76, late TBR max 2.5 and late TBR mean 1.74 as discriminator points with diagnostic accuracy reaching 90% when TBR max was combined with dynamic parameters. Significant association was found between initial FET scans, early and late BTV and event free survival (EFS) (P value=0.042 and 0.005 respectively). In post-therapy assessment, the diagnostic accuracy of conventional MRI was 81.48% when used alone and 96.30% when combined with F18-FET PET scan findings. A cutoff point of 3.2 cm3 for late BTV, in post-therapy scans, was successfully marked as a predictor for therapy response (P value 0.042) and was significantly associated with EFS (P value 0.002). In FET-avid / MRI non-enhancing lesions, early TBR max was able to detect highly malignant processes (high-grade tumors in initial scans and residue/recurrence in post-therapy scans) with 80% sensitivity and 100% specificity when cutoff value of 2.25 was used (P value=0.024). In patients with FET-avid brainstem lesions, whether enhancing or non-enhancing in MRI scans, 81.8% were associated with high risk diagnoses and 68.2% of them were associated with poor therapy outcome. The degree of FET uptake matched tumor-grading, but did not show significant association with OS or EFS (P value>0.05). CONCLUSIONS F18-FET PET seems to be an evolving pediatric neuro-imaging technique with valuable diagnostic and prognostic information at initial and post-therapy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai A Elahmadawy
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt - .,Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt -
| | - Moatasem El-Ayadi
- Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Soha Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Refaat
- Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Radio-Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdy H Eltaoudy
- Cyclotron Facility, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eslam Maher
- Department of Clinical Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Taha
- Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elbeltagy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.,Kasr El-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Batool S, Sadaf S, Chughtai AS, Qasim A, Zafar A, Jamil A. Diagnostic Accuracy of Cell Block and Immunohistochemistry in Effusion Cytology. Cureus 2023; 15:e34958. [PMID: 36938247 PMCID: PMC10018576 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although the cytology of effusion fluids is considered a routine laboratory test, it has recently emerged as an essential tool in determining the primary site of origin of carcinoma of unknown primary. The sensitivity for diagnosing malignancy has enhanced with the inclusion of cytospin, cell block (CB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to effusion fluid cytology due to the improvement in morphological preservation and good cellular yield. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic yield, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of IHC and CB in effusion cytology. Methodology An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of six months on 150 cases of effusion fluids submitted for diagnostic purposes. After the preparation of cytospin, the residual amount of centrifuged deposit was mixed with CytoLyt solution, thrombin, and plasma, and CBs were prepared. IHC was applied to the CB. Calretinin was used for mesothelial cells, and BerEP4, TTF-1, ER, WT-1, and CD-X2 were used for the confirmation and origin of malignant cells. Results The mean age of the patients was 51.75 ± 16.63 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1.24. Out of 150 cases, 78 were pleural effusions, 68 were peritoneal effusions, and four were pericardial effusions. Out of 150 cases, based on cytological examination alone, 66 (44%) were classified as benign, 27 (18%) as malignant, and 57 (38%) were suspicious for malignancy. When cytology was combined with CB and IHC, the diagnostic yield was increased to benign 95 (63.33%), malignant 48 (32%), and suspicious for malignancy 7 (4.67%). The most common cause of malignant pleural effusion was breast carcinoma in females and lung carcinoma in males. The most common primary tumor in malignant peritoneal effusion was ovarian carcinoma in females and colonic adenocarcinoma in males. The sensitivity and specificity of combined cytology with cell block and IHC were 92.31% and 98.95%, respectively. This combination produced significantly better results (p-value = 0.001) for detecting malignancy and reduced suspicious cases from 38% to 4%. Conclusion CB, in combination with IHC, increases the diagnostic yield and aids in detecting malignancy at an unknown primary site in effusion fluids. Both of these techniques can thus enhance the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of effusion cytology. Hence, CB and IHC have advanced utility over cytological smears in effusion fluid cytological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Batool
- Histopathology, Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore, PAK
| | - Safana Sadaf
- Histopathology, Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore, PAK
| | | | - Aafia Qasim
- Histopathology, Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore, PAK
| | - Asma Zafar
- Histopathology, Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore, PAK
| | - Anum Jamil
- Histopathology, Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore, PAK
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Co-treatment with nitroglycerin and metformin exhibits physicochemically and pathohistologically detectable anticancer effects on fibrosarcoma in hamsters. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110510. [PMID: 32707437 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of nitroglycerin with metformin on fibrosarcoma in hamsters. Syrian golden hamsters of both sexes, weighing approximately 60 g, were randomly allocated to control and experimental groups, with 8 animals per group. In all groups, 2 × 106 BHK-21/C13 cells in 1 ml were injected subcutaneously into the animals' backs. Peroral treatment carried out with nitroglycerin 25 mg/kg daily, or with metformin 500 mg/kg daily, or with a combination of nitroglycerin 25 mg/kg and metformin 500 mg/kg daily. Later validation experiments were conducted with double doses of the single therapy and additional rescue doses of mebendazole 460 mg/kg daily, via a gastric probe after tumor inoculation. After 2 weeks, when the tumors were approximately 2-3 cm in the control group, all animals were sacrificed. Blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analyses, the tumors were excised and weighed, and their diameters and volumes were measured. The tumor samples were pathohistologically and immunohistochemically assessed for proliferation marker protein Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen PCNA, hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34, cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 (COX4), mitochondria marker Cytochrome C, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the main organs were toxicologically tested. The Ki-67 and PCNA positivity and the cytoplasmic marker (CD34, CD31, COX4, Cytochrome C, GLUT1, iNOS) immunoexpression in the tumor samples were quantified. The combination of nitroglycerin and metformin significantly inhibited fibrosarcoma growth in hamsters without toxicity, compared to monotherapy or control. The results were validated and confirmed in the subsequently accomplished experiment with doubled doses of the single drug therapy and in the rescue experiment with addition of mebendazole. The single treatments did not show significant antisarcoma effect, regardless of the dose. Co-treatment with mebendazole inhibited anticancer activity of the nitroglycerin and metformin combination. Mebendazole rescued tumor progression suppressed by the combination of nitroglycerin and metformin. Administration of nitroglycerin with metformin might be an effective and safe approach in novel nontoxic adjuvant and relapse prevention anticancer treatment.
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Li Y, Pan XD, Du QQ, Tang M, Huang LL, Zhao R, Yan C. The antitumor activity and mechanism of MCL3 in G422 glioblastoma. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_46_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abdulghani MM, Abbas MN, Mohammed WR. Immunohistochemical Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Astrocytic Tumors in Iraqi Patients. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3514-3520. [PMID: 32010368 PMCID: PMC6986536 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse astrocytomas constitute the largest group of primary malignant human intracranial tumours. They are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) into three histological malignancy grades: diffuse astrocytomas (grade II), anaplastic astrocytomas (grade III) and glioblastoma (grade IV) based on histopathological features such as cellular atypia, mitotic activity, necrosis and microvascular proliferation. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a 170-kDa transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor expressed in a variety of normal and malignant cells regulating critical cellular processes. When activated, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) triggers several signalling cascades leading to increased proliferation and angiogenesis and decreased apoptosis and hence associated with aggressive progression of the tumour. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) level is known to be a strong indicator associated with the aggressive behaviour of the tumour and acts as a prognostic factor for evaluating the survival rate. AIM To evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in different grades of astrocytoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded astrocytic tumours of 44 patients were collected from the archival material of pathology department of Ghazi Al Hariri Teaching Hospital during the period from June to December 2018. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections were used to characterise the tumours histologically based on cellularity, nuclear hyperchromasia, polymorphism, mitotic activity, vascular proliferation and necrosis with or without pseudopallisading of tumour cells. Diagnosis and grading of astrocytic tumours in this study were made according to WHO criteria (2016). Using a monoclonal antibody to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and immunohistochemical analysis, the expression and distribution of epidermal growth factor receptor in astrocytic tumours were examined. RESULTS The study included 1 case pilocytic astrocytoma (grade I), 20 cases diffuse astrocytoma (grade II), 5 cases anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III) and 18 cases of glioblastoma (grade IV). Expression of EGFR was found in 38.88% of the glioblastoma samples (grade IV). However, none of the astrocytomas of WHO grades I, II and III showed immunoreactivity for EGFR protein. Different patterns of immunoreactive cells and significant intratumor heterogeneity of EGFR expression were observed in glioblastomas. CONCLUSION The immunohistochemical expression of Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was restricted only to high-grade astrocytic tumours, namely glioblastoma, thus may use to predict glioblastoma.
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Chen X, Jiang J, Shen N, Zhao L, Zhang J, Qin Y, Zhang S, Li L, Zhu W. Stretched-exponential model diffusion-weighted imaging as a potential imaging marker in preoperative grading and assessment of proliferative activity of gliomas. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:2659-2668. [PMID: 30210702 PMCID: PMC6129521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the feasibility of using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with the stretched-exponential model (SEM) for glioma grading and determining the correlations among parameters and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mono-exponential model-DWI (MEM-DWI) and SEM-DWI were performed in 104 patients with pathologically proven gliomas. The patients were divided into the training set (n = 72) and test set (n = 32). Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), solid tumor distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC), and whole tumor α values were measured. These parameters were applied as cut-off values to determine the predictive accuracy. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 expression correlated with all parameters. RESULTS Significant differences between low-grade gliomas (LGG) and high-grade gliomas (HGG) were observed for all parameters (P < 0.05), and significant differences in the ability of DDC to distinguish between any two glioma grades (P < 0.05) were also evident. DDC showed the highest sensitivity and specificity for glioma grading and was negatively correlated with Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression. DDC also showed greater predictive accuracy than ADC and α. CONCLUSION SEM-DWI offers a better approach for glioma grading than MEM-DWI, and DDC may be a better imaging biomarker for grading and evaluating the proliferative activity of brain gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Nanxi Shen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
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Sharma V, Shoaib Y, Gupta LN, Dagar A. P53 and Ki-67 Expression in Primary Pediatric Brain Tumors: Does it Correlate with Presentation, Histological Grade, and Outcome? Asian J Neurosurg 2018; 13:1026-1032. [PMID: 30459861 PMCID: PMC6208193 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_69_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Pediatric brain tumors are a vexing problem for the neurosurgeon due to the fragile patient cohort. We attempt to find parameters which can help us to treat and prognosticate these patients in a better way. Aims: This study aims to correlate clinical presentation, outcome, and histological grade with P53 and Ki-67 expression in primary pediatric brain tumors. Setting Design: This was a prospective, observational study. Patients and Methods: Forty-seven patients with primary brain tumors in the age group 0–18 years were included in this study. Clinical presentation was noted. Patients were operated, and specimen was sent for histopathological and immunohistochemistry examination for p53 and Ki-67. The WHO classification of 2007 was used to grade the tumors. Follow-up was done at 3 and 6 months with Glasgow outcome score. Expression of p53 and Ki-67 in different tumors was correlated with clinical presentation, tumor grade and outcome. Analysis Method: Statistical Package for Social Science version 17. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was statistically significant correlation between high tumor grade and high Ki-67 levels (P = 0.000). On post hoc analysis, there was a significant difference between p53 levels in Grade 1 and Grade 4 tumors. There was statistically significant correlation between neurological deficit and higher p53 levels (P = 0.040). There was statistically significant correlation between poor outcome and higher p53 (P = 0.034) and Ki-67 (P = 0.000) levels at 3 months follow-up which continued at 6 months. Conclusions: From this study, we conclude that p53 and Ki-67 expression in pediatric brain tumors is associated with poor outcome and correlates with tumor grade. Moreover, p53 expression correlates with neurological deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Sharma
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER and Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Yawar Shoaib
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER and Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Amit Dagar
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER and Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Huse JT, Snuderl M, Jones DTW, Brathwaite CD, Altman N, Lavi E, Saffery R, Sexton-Oates A, Blumcke I, Capper D, Karajannis MA, Benayed R, Chavez L, Thomas C, Serrano J, Borsu L, Ladanyi M, Rosenblum MK. Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY): an epileptogenic neoplasm with oligodendroglioma-like components, aberrant CD34 expression, and genetic alterations involving the MAP kinase pathway. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 133:417-429. [PMID: 27812792 PMCID: PMC5325850 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epileptogenic tumors affecting children and young adults are a morphologically diverse collection of neuroepithelial neoplasms that, as a group, exhibit varying levels of glial and/or neuronal differentiation. Recent advances in molecular profiling technology, including comprehensive DNA sequencing and methylation analysis, have enabled the application of more precise and biologically relevant classification schemes to these tumors. In this report, we describe a morphologically and molecularly distinct epileptogenic neoplasm, the polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY), which likely accounts for a sizable portion of oligodendroglioma-like tumors affecting the pediatric population. Characteristic microscopic findings most notably include infiltrative growth, the invariable presence of oligodendroglioma-like cellular components, and intense immunolabeling for cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34). Moreover, integrative molecular profiling reveals a distinct DNA methylation signature for PLNTYs, along with frequent genetic abnormalities involving either B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) or fibroblast growth factor receptors 2 and 3 (FGFR2, FGFR3). These findings suggest that PLNTY represents a distinct biological entity within the larger spectrum of pediatric, low-grade neuroepithelial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Huse
- Departments of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 W Holcombe Blvd, LSP9.4009, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - David T W Jones
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carole D Brathwaite
- Department of Pathology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, 33155, USA
| | - Nolan Altman
- Department of Radiology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, 33155, USA
| | - Ehud Lavi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Alexandra Sexton-Oates
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Ingmar Blumcke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Capper
- Department of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias A Karajannis
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Ototlaryngology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Ryma Benayed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 408 E 69th St. (Z564), New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lukas Chavez
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cheddhi Thomas
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jonathan Serrano
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Laetitia Borsu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 408 E 69th St. (Z564), New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 408 E 69th St. (Z564), New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Marc K Rosenblum
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 408 E 69th St. (Z564), New York, NY, 10065, USA
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Polisetty RV, Gautam P, Gupta MK, Sharma R, Gowda H, Renu D, Shivakumar BM, Lakshmikantha A, Mariswamappa K, Ankathi P, Purohit AK, Uppin MS, Sundaram C, Sirdeshmukh R. Microsomal membrane proteome of low grade diffuse astrocytomas: Differentially expressed proteins and candidate surveillance biomarkers. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26882. [PMID: 27246909 PMCID: PMC4887981 DOI: 10.1038/srep26882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse astrocytoma (DA; WHO grade II) is a low-grade, primary brain neoplasm with high potential of recurrence as higher grade malignant form. We have analyzed differentially expressed membrane proteins from these tumors, using high-resolution mass spectrometry. A total of 2803 proteins were identified, 340 of them differentially expressed with minimum of 2 fold change and based on ≥2 unique peptides. Bioinformatics analysis of this dataset also revealed important molecular networks and pathways relevant to tumorigenesis, mTOR signaling pathway being a major pathway identified. Comparison of 340 differentially expressed proteins with the transcript data from Grade II diffuse astrocytomas reported earlier, revealed about 190 of the proteins correlate in their trends in expression. Considering progressive and recurrent nature of these tumors, we have mapped the differentially expressed proteins for their secretory potential, integrated the resulting list with similar list of proteins from anaplastic astrocytoma (WHO Grade III) tumors and provide a panel of proteins along with their proteotypic peptides, as a resource that would be useful for investigation as circulatory plasma markers for post-treatment surveillance of DA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poonam Gautam
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR), Hyderabad, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, India.,Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Praveen Ankathi
- Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Megha S Uppin
- Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
| | - Challa Sundaram
- Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR), Hyderabad, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, India.,Neuro-Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Center for Translational Research, Narayana Health, Bangalore, India
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Pereira T, Dodal S, Tamgadge A, Bhalerao S, Tamgadge S. Quantitative evaluation of microvessel density using CD34 in clinical variants of ameloblastoma: An immunohistochemical study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016; 20:51-8. [PMID: 27194862 PMCID: PMC4860937 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.180929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Odontogenic epithelium plays an important role in the histogenesis of odontogenic tumors of the jaws. Ameloblastomas, which arise from odontogenic epithelium, are considered benign with little tendency to metastasize. Tumors require an adequate supply of oxygen and a way to remove their waste products. This can be achieved by angiogenesis. In situ quantification of the microvessel density (MVD) is a usual method for assessing angiogenesis. Moreover, angiogenesis may differ in subtypes of ameloblastomas and could play a role in determining the pattern of tumor growth. Aim: The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD34) in variants of ameloblastomas and to correlate and compare their expression to the aggressive behavior. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study which included forty paraffin blocks was conducted after obtaining ethical committee clearance. Ten cases of pyogenic granuloma were used as a positive control and thirty cases were of solid multicystic ameloblastoma (SMA), unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) and desmoplastic ameloblastomas. Angiogenesis was assessed using CD34 antigen and was immunohistochemically localized. Statistical analysis was carried out for comparative analysis with the help of ANOVA test, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and least significance difference test. Results: A significant correlation was obtained between the MVD of all the three variants, i.e., SMA, UA and desmoplastic ameloblastomas which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Increased MVD in the three variants, i.e., SMA, UA and desmoplastic ameloblastoma seen in the present study could suggest that the angiogenesis has an important role in tumor progression and aggressiveness of ameloblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Treville Pereira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shashibhushan Dodal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Avinash Tamgadge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudhir Bhalerao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandhya Tamgadge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Yang Q, Ou C, Liu M, Xiao W, Wen C, Sun F. NRAGE promotes cell proliferation by stabilizing PCNA in a ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in esophageal carcinomas. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1643-51. [PMID: 24710624 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophin receptor-interacting melanoma antigen-encoding gene homolog (NRAGE) is generally recognized as a tumor suppressor as it induces cell apoptosis and suppresses cell metastasis. However, it has recently been reported that NRAGE is overexpressed in lung cancer, melanoma and colon cancer, implicating a complicated role of NRAGE as we have expected. In the study, we aim to elucidate the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of NRAGE in esophageal carcinoma. We found that both NRAGE mRNA and protein were significantly overexpressed in esophageal tumor tissues. Consistently, both in vivo and in vitro analyses demonstrated that knockdown of NRAGE apparently inhibited cell growth, and cell cycle analysis further demonstrated that NRAGE knockdown cells were mainly arrested in G2M cell phase, accompanied with an apparent reduction of S phase. In the process of exploring molecular mechanisms, we found that either knockdown in vitro or knockout in vivo of NRAGE reduced proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein, expression of which could completely rescue the inhibited proliferation in NRAGE defective cells. Furthermore, NRAGE physically interacted with PCNA in esophageal cancer cells through DNA polymerase III subunit, and knockdown of NRAGE facilitated PCNA K48-linked polyubiquitination, leading PCNA to the proteasome-dependent degradation and a ubiquitin-specific protease USP10 was identified to be a key regulator in the process of K48 polyubiquitination in NRAGE-deleted cells. In conclusion, our study highlights a unique role of NRAGE and implies that NRAGE is likely to be an attractive oncotarget in developing novel genetic anticancer therapeutic strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China and The Central Laboratory, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chao Ou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China and
| | - Weifan Xiao
- The Central Laboratory, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chuanjun Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China and
| | - Fenyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China and The Central Laboratory, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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Zhang Y, Zheng K, Yan H, Jin G, Shao C, Zhou X, Zhou Y, He T. Growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by 6-fluoro-3-formylchromone in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2014; 14:62. [PMID: 24708487 PMCID: PMC4005831 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-14-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal and prevalent cancers in human population. The 6-fluoro-3-formylchromone (FCC) has been shown to have anti-tumor activity against various tumor cells. However, the effects of FCC on HCC cell lines have not yet been reported. This study aims to research the effects of FCC on HCC and advance the understanding of the molecular mechanism. Methods HCC cell line SMMC-7721 was treated with FCC at various concentrations (0, 2, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml) for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The proliferations of SMMC-7721 cells were measured by MTT assays. After cultured 24 hours, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. However, the expression levels of PCNA, Bax and Bcl-2 were measured by western blotting after 48 hours. Results FCC displayed a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of the SMMC-7721 cell proliferations in vitro. It also induced apoptosis with 45.4% and caused cell accumulation in G0/G1 phase with 21.5%. PCNA and Bcl-2 expression was significantly suppressed by FCC in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), while Bax expression was increased. Conclusions FCC could significantly inhibit HCC cell growth in vitro through cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis by suppressing PCNA expression and modulating the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tianlin He
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, No,168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, Yangpu District 200433, China.
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Yahya ZM, Ali HH, Hussein HG. Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of immunohistochemical markers in the differential diagnosis of effusion cytology. Oman Med J 2013; 28:410-6. [PMID: 24223244 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2013.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Calretinin and Carcinoembryonic antigen as immunocytochemical markers in distinguishing mesothelial cells from metastatic adenocarcinoma cells in effusion cytology. METHODS This study included 50 patients who presented with effusions (26 pleural and 24 peritoneal), at Al-Kadhimya Teaching Hospital who were selected according to their preliminary diagnosis from 1st December 2010 to 30th June 2011. Effusion fluids were aspirated and processed for both conventional cytological methods using Papanicolaou-stain and immunocytochemical staining with anti Calretinin and Carcinoembryonic antigen. RESULTS The sensitivity of cytology for detection of malignant cells was 77%, with 100% specificity and 86% accuracy. Calretinin was observed to be a specific (100%) and sensitive (90%) marker for mesothelial cells (of benign etiology). Carcinoembryonic antigen exhibited 70% sensitivity and 100% specificity for adenocarcinoma cells. When the results of both cytology and immunocytochemistry were considered in conjunction, the sensitivity for the detection of malignancy increased to 97%, with 100% specificity and 98% accuracy. CONCLUSION Calretinin and Carcinoembryonic antigen were found to be useful markers for differentiating reactive mesothelial cells from metastatic adenocarcinoma cells in smears prepared from body fluids. Also, the combination of both cytology and immunocytochemical studies using the two markers can greatly enhance the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in malignant effusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahraa Mohammed Yahya
- Department of Histopathology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
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