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Subu MA, Dias JM, Mottershead R, Ahmed FR, Narulita S, Maryuni M, Zakiyah Z, Nurbaeti I, Mohamed Al Marzouqi A, Al-Yateem N. Exploring mental health stigma among Indonesian healthcare students towards individuals with mental illnesses: a qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2327103. [PMID: 38465669 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2327103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social disapproval or stigma surrounding mental illness contributes to the postponement of individuals seeking assistance and frequently undermines therapeutic alliances between mental illness sufferers and health care professionals. AIMS This study explored perceptions and attitudes towards individuals with mental illness among college healthcare students in Indonesia. METHODS This study used a qualitative method. Twenty five students enrolled in six healthcare programs were interviewed using a semi structured format. The data analysis adopted a thematic analysis. RESULTS Our thematic analysis generated four main themes: (1) general perceptions of mental health and mental illness; (2) knowledge about mental illness; (3) mental health stigma; and (4) mental health stigma campaigns. CONCLUSIONS The participants exhibited positive perceptions of mentally ill people. Students understood mental health, and they exhibited positive attitudes toward mentally ill people. Some students have stigma and lack of confidence to assist those who have mental illness. Further efforts are required to acquaint students with mental health issues and facilitate their interaction with mentally ill individuals. Anti-stigma campaigns are required to combat the pervasive stigmatization of individuals with mental illness. It is recommended to conduct a more extensive study about the stigma that students encounter in relation to mentally ill individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arsyad Subu
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jacqueline Maria Dias
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard Mottershead
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Refaat Ahmed
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sari Narulita
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Maryuni Maryuni
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Zakiyah Zakiyah
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Irma Nurbaeti
- Faculty of Health Sciences, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alounoud Mohamed Al Marzouqi
- Department of Health Service Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Al-Saadi LS, Chan MF, Al Sabahi A, Alkendi J, Al-Mashaikhi N, Sumri HA, Al-Fahdi A, Al-Azri M. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder among Omani children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer: a prospective cross-sectional study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:518. [PMID: 38654218 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer often experience psychological distress, encompassing anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of these conditions among Omani children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer, alongside identifying contributing factors. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2021 to June 2023 among a cohort of Omani children and adolescents (6-18 years old) diagnosed with cancer at three primary cancer referral centres in Oman. Validated Arabic-language versions of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children, and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised instruments were used to assess symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD, respectively. An initial assessment (T1) was undertaken within the first 3 months of diagnosis, followed by a second assessment (T2) 3-6 months later. RESULTS Of 113 eligible participants, 101 agreed to participate in the study (response rate: 95.6%), with 92 (91.0%) completing both assessments and included in the final analysis. Prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and PTSD decreased from 43.5%, 56.5%, and 32.6%, respectively, at T1, to 38.0%, 35.9%, and 23.9% at T2. All average scores were below diagnostic cut-off points, except for the depression score at T1. Anxiety and depression scores decreased significantly (p = 0.043 and 0.001, respectively) between T1 and T2, as did the overall prevalence of depression (p = 0.004). At T1, linear regression analysis showed significant correlations between anxiety scores and the child's age and PTSD score (p < 0.05); these variables were also correlated with depression scores (p ≤ 0.001). At T2, significant correlations were observed between anxiety scores and the child's age and PTSD scores (p < 0.001). At both T1 and T2, anxiety, depression, and PTSD scores remained significantly correlated (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Omani children and adolescents recently diagnosed with cancer exhibit a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and PTSD over time. Age-appropriate communication, ongoing support, and mental health services are recommended to help this patient group cope with their diagnosis and manage their emotional wellbeing. There is a need for future research to determine the effectiveness of specific psychological interventions in reducing the frequency of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila S Al-Saadi
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Postal Code 123, Al Khoud, Al Khoud, Muscat, PO Box 38, Oman
| | - Moon Fai Chan
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Postal Code 123, Al Khoud, Al Khoud, Muscat, PO Box 38, Oman
| | - Amal Al Sabahi
- National Oncology Centre, Royal Hospital, Bawshar, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jalila Alkendi
- National Oncology Centre, Royal Hospital, Bawshar, Muscat, Oman
| | - Nawal Al-Mashaikhi
- Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Al Khoud, Muscat, Oman
| | - Hana Al Sumri
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Postal Code 123, Al Khoud, Al Khoud, Muscat, PO Box 38, Oman
| | - Amal Al-Fahdi
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), Al Khoud, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al-Azri
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Postal Code 123, Al Khoud, Al Khoud, Muscat, PO Box 38, Oman.
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Al Sharji A, Alaloul F, Al Yazeedi B, Alharrasi M. Fatalistic and Optimistic Coping Strategies Predict Depression in Arab Muslim Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease. J Transcult Nurs 2024; 35:134-141. [PMID: 38140779 DOI: 10.1177/10436596231217696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the common psychological problems in patients on hemodialysis. We aimed to identify the predictors associated with depressive symptoms among patients on hemodialysis from a population under-represented in research and minoritized in countries like the United States. METHODS This cross-sectional study used a convenience sample of patients in Oman. Data were analyzed using linear multiple regression. RESULTS A total of 157 patients on hemodialysis participated in the study, with 40.5% reporting different levels of depressive symptoms. Higher stress levels (β = .643; p < .01) and higher perceived effectiveness of the fatalistic coping style (β = .144; p < .05) were significant predictors of depressive symptoms. Patients with a higher optimistic coping style (β = -.182; p < .01) had lower levels of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Arab Muslim hemodialysis patients have significant levels of depressive symptoms. Identifying predictors of depressive symptoms may help identify those at risk and provide culturally appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Al Sharji
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Fawwaz Alaloul
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Basma Al Yazeedi
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Maryam Alharrasi
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Al-Abri K, Edge D, Armitage CJ. Prospective analysis of factors associated with perinatal depression. Midwifery 2024; 128:103871. [PMID: 37967499 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal depression is a significant public health problem that has adverse effects on both mothers and infants. Little research has been conducted on how depressive symptoms change throughout the perinatal period, especially in the Middle East. This study examines changes in depressive symptoms from pregnancy to the postnatal period, and what explains these changes. METHODS This prospective study recruited 306 Omani women in the third trimester of pregnancy and followed them up two to eight weeks after delivery. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), with a cut-off of ≥12, was used to assess depressive symptoms in both the antenatal and postnatal periods. Independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Tukey's honestly significant difference test and Chi-square tests were used to analyse the data. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 27.12 % (n = 83) during late pregnancy and 29.30 % (n = 81) during the postnatal period. Four groups of women were identified based on the EPDS scores: 1) antenatal depression group (8.82 %; n = 27); 2) ante- and postnatal depression group (14.38 %; n = 44); 3) postnatal depression group (12.09 %; n = 37); and 4) non-depression group (54.90 %; n = 168). Depressive symptoms were associated with low birth weight babies (d = 0.50), which confirms the negative effects of depression on perinatal health outcomes. When compared to the non-depression group, the three depressed groups had higher antenatal Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) scores (ds > 0.52), while the non-depression group had higher antenatal and postnatal Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS) scores (ds > 0.63), and better relationships with the mother-in-law antenatally (d= 0.57). CONCLUSION The present study of this Middle Eastern cohort shows that there were distinct groups of women experiencing perinatal depressive symptoms, influenced by various psychosocial and obstetric factors, which were comparable to those identified in more regularly studied populations. However, this study also identified other novel factors, such as the quality of family relationships. There is a need for additional research into the factors associated with these groups in order to develop appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalood Al-Abri
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, G35 Coupland 1 Building, Manchester, UK; Department of Community and Mental Health, College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
| | - Dawn Edge
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, G35 Coupland 1 Building, Manchester, UK; Equality, Diversity & Inclusion Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Trust, UK
| | - Christopher J Armitage
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, G35 Coupland 1 Building, Manchester, UK; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, UK
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Alakhzami M, Huang A. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Developmental Disorders in Oman: An Overview of Current Status. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:825-833. [PMID: 31903512 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper offers an overview of the current status of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and developmental disorders (DD) in Oman. A review of demographic and background information about Oman is first presented, followed by an overview of the current status of individuals with autism and developmental disorders, in terms of disability-related legislation, prevalence and diagnosis, as well as treatment and education. In the last section of the paper, major challenges faced in the field are addressed, including lack of autism awareness, lack of healthcare and educational programs or related services, lack of highly qualified professionals to implement evidence-based practices, issues regarding early identification and early intervention, as well as issues pertaining secondary transition, independent living and employment. Corresponding recommendation is proposed at the end of each challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann Huang
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Al Sawafi A, Lovell K, Renwick L, Husain N. Exploring views of relatives and mental health professionals to inform the cultural adaptation of a family intervention for schizophrenia in Oman: A qualitative study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1795-1805. [PMID: 35057662 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211060694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family interventions (FI) for schizophrenia were primarily developed and practised in the West. It has been proven that cultural adaptation for FI facilitates its uptake and improves therapy outcomes; however, the majority of literature on the development of FI focussed on outpatient or community settings, and little attention has been paid to in-patient units. There is an opportunity to engage with the family during admission, particularly in Asia. AIMS To explore relatives' and mental health professionals' views and opinions to inform the cultural adaptation of FI for hospitalised patients with schizophrenia in Oman. It also aimed to gain consensus on items that need adaptation. METHODS We conducted semi-structured interviews with the caregivers (n = 20) and two separate focus groups with psychiatrists (n = 7) and nurses (n = 5). Another consensus group was a mix of both (n = 6) to develop agreement and solve discrepant issues. The data were analysed using framework analysis to identify the intervention components and delivery system. RESULTS Modifications to existing components indicated that the cultural adaption of the intervention focussed more on themes such as religious and spiritual causes of mental illness, simplified language, format of delivery as individual sessions and culturally relevant and acceptable problem solving and coping skills. The components of the intervention identified as psychoeducation, problem-solving and emotional support. The consensus group finalised the intervention's content and delivery system concerning training needs and issues and barriers to implementation. The proposed culturally adapted FI for hospitalised patients requires a flexible approach to meet the family's needs. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the study indicated that FI is an acceptable and feasible approach to be delivered during hospitalisation. The intervention will be accompanied with an intervention manual, which will be tested in a future feasibility study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziza Al Sawafi
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,Division of Nursing Midwifery & Social Work, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Karina Lovell
- Division of Nursing Midwifery & Social Work, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Laoise Renwick
- Division of Nursing Midwifery & Social Work, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nusrat Husain
- Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Al Omari O, Khalaf A, Al Sabei S, Al Hashmi I, Al Qadire M, Joseph M, Damra J. Facilitators and barriers of mental health help-seeking behaviours among adolescents in Oman: a cross-sectional study. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:591-601. [PMID: 35209780 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2022.2038666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore and identify facilitators and barriers to help-seeking behaviours among adolescents in Oman, by exploring the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and behaviour towards mental health help-seeking. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was used and 424 adolescents were recruited to participate in the study. Participants were asked to complete five self-reported questionnaires, including two open-ended questions about the main motivations and barriers to seeking professional help for mental problems. RESULTS It was found that those with positive help-seeking attitudes towards mental health were more knowledgeable about mental health, had more positive attitudes towards mental illness, and had higher intention to help seeking. On the contrary, those with higher help-seeker stereotypes had more negative attitudes towards mental illness. Having an adequate support system, being positive and knowledgeable about mental illness, and the reputation of mental health are the main factors facilitating seeking professional help. However, fear, lack of family support, and the time-consuming procedures were the main barriers emerging from the open-ended questions. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes by identifying facilitating factors as well as barriers in an Arabic context (Oman) to fill the exiting knowledge gap; both need to be considered when planning interventions targeting the younger individuals in this society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Al Omari
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Atika Khalaf
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | | | - Iman Al Hashmi
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammad Al Qadire
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | - Mickael Joseph
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jalal Damra
- Psychology Department, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,Educational Psychology and Counselling Department, College of Education, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Al Omari O, Khalaf A, Al Sabei S, Wynaden D, Ballad CA, Al Dameery K, Al Qadire M. Associated factors of stigma toward people with mental illness among university and school students. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1736-1743. [PMID: 34866189 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the associated factors of stigma towards people with mental illness among Omani school and university students. DESIGN AND METHOD A cross-sectional study among 371 school and university students with a multivariable linear regression model to identify the associated factors of personal and perceptions of stigma. RESULTS Male students, those with highly educated mothers, have high monthly income, higher mental health knowledge, employed fathers, and received focused education on mental illness showed fewer stigmatizing attitudes. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Enhancing the knowledge about mental illness among school and university students and their families can play a significant role in reversing stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Al Omari
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Atika Khalaf
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,Faculty of Health Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | | | - Dianne Wynaden
- School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Mohammad Al Qadire
- College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.,College of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Jordan
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Emam MM, Abdelrasheed NSG, Omara E. Negative Cognition, Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties, Negative Life Events and Depressive Symptoms among Adolescents in Oman. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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